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Mgm's College of Engineering and Technology
Mgm's College of Engineering and Technology
Mgm's College of Engineering and Technology
INSTRUMENT REPORT
ON
DEFIBRILLATOR
BY
JUNED SIDDIQUE
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HEARTSTART XL DEFIBRILLATOR
INTRODUCTION
• In cardiac fibrillation, the main problem is that heart muscle fibres are
continuously stimulated by adjacent cells so that there is no
synchronized succession of events that follow the heart action. There
might be atrial fibrillation or ventricular fibrillation.
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• As a result atria aren’t able to pump blood into the ventricle the way
they should.
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FEATURES
Daily automatic self test: The Heartstart XL performs a daily test to ensure
it is ready to use when needed.
• Ease of use
Voice prompts: Heartstart XL provides audible prompts that guide the user
through the device process.
2. Manual Mode 20
PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION
The basic principle underlying applying the shock is that the charge is
stored on capacitor. Energy storage capacitor is charged at relatively slow
rate (in order of seconds) from AC line by means of step-up transformer and
rectified arrangement or from a battery and a DC-to-DC converter
arrangement, the energy stored in the capacitor is then delivered at a
relatively rapid rate (order of milliseconds) to the chest of the patient. For
effective defibrillation some shaping of the discharge current pulse is
adopted. The simplest arrangement involves the discharge of capacitor
energy through the patient’s own resistance, this results in exponential
discharge typical of an RC circuit. Rectangular and trapezoidal waveforms are
found effective and are employed in defibrillators design for clinical use. The
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basic circuit diagram of a defibrillator consists of a variable auto-transformer
• Biphasic Waveform
Biphasic Waveform
Biphasic waveform
The amount of energy that the defibrillator actually delivers to the patient
is of more relevance. This can be determining factor energy can be
estimated by assuming the value of a load resistance that is placed between
the electrodes and thus simulates the patient’s resistance.
MODES OF OPERATION
• Manual Mode
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In AED mode, the defibrillator analyzes the patient’s ECG and advices the
clinician whether or not to deliver a shock. Voice prompts guide you
through the defibrillation process by providing instructions and patient
information.
• Unresponsive
• Not breathing
• Pulse less
• Responsiveness
• Spontaneous breathing
• Palpable pulse
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UNRESPONSIVE
BREATHLESS
PULSELESS
ATTACH PADS
ROTATE ENERGY
SELECT KNOB TO AED
MODE
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SHOCK ADVISED NO SHOCK ADVISED
JASLOK HOSPITAL AND RESEARCH CENTRE | [Type the company address]
MGM’S COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY [Pick the date]
At completion
CHECK PATIENT
PRESS SHOCK
Of shock
series
NO PULSE
PULSE
PRESS VENTI-
PAUSE LATE
If rhythm monitoring on
Manual Mode
• Non-invasive pacing:
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Defibrillation Control:
Audiovisual Controls:
Monitoring Controls:
Print Control:
Print Controls performs the function shown on each button. The print
controls from are:
Energy select knob: it is used to enable both manual mode and AED
mode. The AED On position activates AED mode. Manual On enables
Manual mode, synchronized cardioversion and pacing.
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Rate
Adjust the pacing rate.
Start/S
Starts pacing, delivers pacer pulses when first
top
pressed; stops Pacing when pressed again.
Mode
Selects Demand or Fixed Mode for pacing.
Output
Adjusts the current output for pacing.
Display Layout
The elements that are displayed on the screen when AED or manual
mode is selected are almost same except few which are explained
as follows. 20
AED Mode
Displays shows heart rate and its alarm, the ECG lead which is
selected, oxygen saturation (SpO2) value and its alarm, pleth bar
and pulse rate derived from pulse oximetery, ECG of the patient,
number of shocks delivered to the patient, incident timer shows the
elapsed time since the HeartStart XL was turned on.
Manual Mode
REAR PANEL
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Connecting To Power:
Printer:
ECG Connector:
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SpO2 Connector:
• External paddles
AC Power:
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ON
/O
FF
SWITCHING/ISOLATIO
N
SHOCK
APEX STERNUM
SHOCK LED
SPEAKER
MICROPHONE
IR PORT
TEMPERATURE
SENSOR
Control Board
The control board holds the main processor and all of the circuitry
required to control the real time functions of the defibrillator. The real
time control provides the signals needed to sample the ECG and voice
data onto data card, send data to display and play the voice prompts
on the speaker, turn on various tones, charge the high voltage
capacitor and deliver the shock to patient. In addition, the processor on
the control board runs all of the data processing for analysis system.
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Patient Circuit
User Interface
The user interface consists of the main LCD display, the on/off button,
the shock button, the connector light, shock button light, the beeper,
and the speaker and status indicator.
In normal operation, text prompts are displayed on main LCD and voice
prompts are provided through the speaker. These prompts guide the
rescuer in the use of the device and give warnings such as low battery,
to call the user’s attention to certain parts of the device that may need
attention. The connector light blinks when the unit is turned on to
draw attention. the voice prompt and display guides the user in
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connecting the defibrillation pads to the AED and the AED advices a
shock and charges, the shock button light blinks to guide the user to
the shock button and to indicate that it is ready to deliver a shock to
the patient. The beeper is also provided to draw user’s attention
indicating either that the device is ready for delivering a shock or the
battery is low and needs to be replaced.
Battery
Power Supply
The front end amplifies and filters the ECG signal input from electrodes
and feeds this signal into A/D converter the sampling rate for A/D
converter is 200 Hz and this digital data is fed into the control board to
be used by analysis system and stored onto the data card.
Recording
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When the AED is turned on and the pads are applied to the patient, the
AED continuously records the ECG and the event summary onto the
data card if installed. The AED can also record all the audio information
from the event through the microphone. The ECG and audio
information can later be reviewed using event review data
management software.
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APPLICATION
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SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
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If the printout is light then clean the printer head to remove any
build up paper residue.
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• Sodium hypochoride
Wiping with any one of the following may clean the ECG cable
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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
Charge Time:
Less than 3 seconds to 200 Joules with a new, fully charged M3516A SLA
battery pack at 25oC. Less than 15 seconds to 200 Joules when powered
by AC with no battery installed.
25 to 180 Ohms.
AED Mode:
• Shock Series Timer: off, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, or 210 seconds.
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ECG Monitoring:
• Heart Rate Alarms: Configurable pairs of low and high heart rate alarm
limits : 30 to 100, 60 to 140, 90 to 160, and 120 to 200 bpm.
Display:
• Type: EL – Electroluminescent.
Battery:
of time.
Temperature:
AC Line Powered:
100-240 VAC, 50/60 Hz, .4A max (unit off), 1.5A max (while charging ).
Battery Powered:
12 V Rechargeable, SLA.
Dimensions:
Weight:
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