7

Statistics

(7 5) + (2 10) + (3 15) + (4 20)

8. Mean =
7+2+3+4

= 11.25

2 + 3 + 5 + 1 + 7
1. (a) Mean =
5
18

=
5

(2 4.5) + (3 14.5) + (8 24.5)

+ (7 34.5) + (10 44.5)
9. Mean =
2 + 3 + 8 + 7 + 10

= 31.17

2 + 3 + 7 + 6 + 9 + 10
(b) Mean =
6
33


=
6
1 + 2 + 0 + 3 + 8
(c) Mean =
5
12


=
5

21 + 1 th
10. (a) Median = term
2

= 11th term

Median = 2

2. (a) Mode = 2
(b) Modes = 0, 2
(c) None

10th term + 11th term

(b) Median =
2
1 +
2


=
2


= 1.5

3. (a) 1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7

Median = 3

NF
2
11. (a) Median = L + C
fm

Median class = 10 14
1

(30) 10
2

Median = 9.5 + 5
12
5


= 9.5 + 5
12


= 11.58 cm

(b) 2, 0, 1, 4, 5, 7
1 + 4

Median =
2
5


=
2

4. Mode = 1

5. Modal class = 30 39

(b) Median class = 15 19

1

(21) 10
2

Median = 14.5 + 5
8
0.5


= 14.5 + 5
8


= 14.81 cm

6. Mode = 2

7. Modal class = (6 10) kg

5.5 + 10.5
Mode =
2

= 8 kg

 12. (a)
16
14
12

Number of students

10
8
6
4

34.5

39.5
44.5
Weight (kg)

49.5

(b)

Mean = 4 1

=3
Mode = 2 1

= 1
Median = 3 1

=2

(c)

Mean = 4 4

= 16
Mode = 2 4

=8
Median = 3 4

= 12

(b) Median = 39.5 kg

13. (a)

Mean = 4 + 5

=9
Mode = 2 + 5

=7
Median = 3 + 5

=8

4
(d) Mean =
2


=2

2
0
29.5

14. (a)

2
Mode =
2

= 1

3
Median =
2
1


= 1
2
(e) Mean = 4 2 + 3


= 11

Mode = 2 2 + 3


=7

Median = 3 2 + 3


=9

Height, less than

Number of students

99.5

109.5

119.5

129.5

15

139.5

21

149.5

25

4 1
(f) Mean =
2
3


=
2
2
1

Mode =
2
1


=
2
3 1

Median =
2


= 1

(b)
25

Number of students

20
15
10
5

15. (a) (i)

126

0
99.5 109.5 119.5 129.5 139.5 149.5
Height (cm)

(c) Median = 126 cm

3+5+6+7+7
Mean =
5

= 5.6
Mode = 7
Median = 6

30 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 7
(ii) Mean =
5


= 11

Mode = 7

Median = 7

20. (a) Mode

(b) Median, because there is a extreme value, 50
(c) Median or mean
21. (a) 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 10

The range = 10 1


=9

(b) The mean

16. (a) (i)

20 + 25 + 30 + 30
Mean =
4
= 26.25
Mode = 30
25 + 30
Median =
2

= 27.5

1 + 25 + 30 + 30
(ii) Mean =
4


= 21.5

Mode = 30
25 + 30

Median =
2


= 27.5

(b) The mean

17. (a) Sum of 4 numbers = 4 8

= 32
32 + 3

The new mean =
5
35


=
5


=7

27
The new mean =
3

=9

(ii) 1, 3, 3, 4, 5, 8

19. (a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

1, 3, 4, 6, 9, 10, 12
The range = 12 (1)

= 13
The interquartile range
= Upper quartile Lower quartile
= 10 3
=7

23. (a)

(b)

The range = 3 0
=3
The interquartile range
= Upper quartile Lower quartile
= 8th term 3rd term
= 2 1
= 1

3 + 3 1 + 1
=
2
2
= 3 1
=2

25. (a) The range

= The midpoint of last class The midpoint of
first class
70 + 79 10 + 19

=
2
2

= 74.5 14.5

= 60

4+5
The median =
2
9

=
2

= 4.5

22. (a)


(b)

18. (a) 1, 3, 4, 5, 8

The median = 4
(b) (i) 1, 4, 5, 8

The interquartile range

= Upper quartile Lower quartile
=72
=5

24. (a) The range = 5 0

=5
(b) The interquartile range
4th + 5th
13th + 14th

=
2
2

(b) The new sum = 32 5

= 27

(b)

1
(b) Lower quartile, Q1 = th of 20
4


= 5th term
1

(20) 4
4


= 19.5 + 10
5


= 19.5 + 2


= 21.5

3+4
The median =
2

= 3.5

Mode = 9
Mode = 9
Modes = 3, 9
None

3
Upper quartile, Q3 = th of 20
4

= 15th term
3

(20) 13
4

= 39.5 + 10
3

= 39.5 + 6.67

= 46.17

Therefore, the interquartile range

= 46.17 21.5
= 24.67

26. (a)

28. (a) fx = (2 0) + (3 1) + (4 2) + (1 3)


= 14

f = 2 + 3 + 4 + 1
= 10

fx2
fx
The variance, 2 =
f
f

28
14
=
10
10
= 2.8 (1.4)2
= 0.84

9.5

19.5

29.5

39.5

13

49.5

16

59.5

18

0.2

69.5

19
20

Midpoint of Number of
length, x
insects, f

Number of students

fx

fx2

0.2

0.5

1.5

0.75

0.8

1.6

1.28

1.1

3.3

3.63

1.4

1.4

fx = 8.8 fx = 7.82

0
9.5 19.5 29.5 39.5 49.5 59.5 69.5 79.5
Height (cm)

1 2

0.163
(b) The standard deviation = ABBBB


= 0.4037 cm

Lower quartile = 21.5 cm

Upper quartile = 44.5 cm
The range of interquartile = 44.5 21.5

= 23 cm

30.

(a) (b)

x = 2 + 3 + 1 + 5 + 4 + 9
= 24

1 2

1 2

(f)

3 35
3 35 35
= 15
5 = 15 = 15

31. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
Range = 7 1

=6

(b) The standard deviation, = 6.67

= 2.583

(e)

Interquartile 3
range

Standard
deviation

(d)

6 65
6 65 65
= 30
5 = 30 = 30

Variance

(c)

Range

27. x2 = 22 + 32 + 12 + 52 + 42 + 92
= 136

x2
x
(a) The variance, 2 =
N
N
136
24


=
6
6


= 22.67 16


= 6.67

7.82
8.8
=
14
14
= 0.163 cm2

44.5

1.96
2

fx
fx
The variance =
f
f

10

(i)
(ii)
(iii)

29. (a)

f = 14

21.5

(b) The standard deviation = 0.84

= 0.9165

15

1 2

Number of poles

20

(b)

fx2 = (2 02) + (3 12) + (4 22) + (1 32)

= 28

Height, less than

79.5

4 4 52 4 52

25 = 100 = 100

4 4 52
= 100

2 25
2 25 25
= 10
5 = 10 = 10

Interquartile range
= Upper quartile Lower quartile

(b)

=62
=4
Variance
x2
x 2
=
N
N
12 + 22 + 32 + 42 + 52 + 62 + 72
=
7

1 2

1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7

7
= 20 16
=4

Interquartile range
= Upper quartile Lower quartile

=62

=4

1 2

1 2

1 2

Standard deviation

x2
= ( x )2
N

267.2
Standard deviation = ABBBB
= 16.35

(b) The range, variance and standard deviation has

the significant difference compared to Question
31.

ABBBBBBB
ABBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB

852 + 872 + 902 + 932 + 952

=
902
5
= 3.688
91 + 90 + 88 + 90 + 91
Mean of Fatimah =
5

= 90
Standard deviation

ABBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB

912 + 902 + 882 + 902 + 912

=
902
5
= 1.095

(b) Fatimah. Even though both have the same mean

marks but Fatimah is more consistent in the
performance with smaller standard deviation.

33. (a) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 18

The range = 18 1


= 17

Interquartile range = 5 2

=3
Variance, s2
x2
x 2
=
N
N
12 + 22 + 32 + 42 + 52 + 182
=
6
1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 18 2

6
= 32.92

1. Standard deviation
=

1 2

85 + 87 + 90 + 93 + 95
34. (a) Mean of Siti =
5

= 90

Variance
x2
x 2
=
N
N
12 + 22 + 32 + 42 + 52 + 62 + 502
=
7
1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 50 2

7
= 370.1 102.9
= 267.2

Standard deviation = ABBB

1.25

= 1.118

32. (a) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 50

Range = 50 1


= 49

Standard deviation = AB
4
=2

Variance
x2
x 2
=
N
N
1 + 2 + 3 + 4
12 + 22 + 32 + 42
=
4
4
30
10 2
=
4
4
= 1.25

Standard deviation, s = ABBBB

32.92

= 5.738
1, 2, 3, 4
Range = 4 1

=3
3 + 4 1 + 2
Interquartile range =
2
2

=2

ABBBBBBBBB
1 2
1
2
ABBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
1
2
ABBBBBBBBBBBB
x2
x

N
N

32 + 52 + p2
3+5+p

3
3

34 + p2
8+p

3
3

ABB

x
(a) Mean, x =
N
15


=
5


=3

8
Given standard deviation =
3

34 + p2
8+p 2 8
=
3
3
3
34 + p2
64 + 16p + p2
8
=
3
9
3
3(34 + p2) (64 + 16p + p2) = 3 8
102 + 3p2 64 16p p2 = 24
2p2 16p + 14 = 0
p2 8p + 7 = 0
(p 1)(p 7) = 0
p = 1, 7

Therefore,

x = 3
2.
x2 = p
Standard deviation, s = q
N=5
x2
x
s2 =
N
N
p
2
2
q = 3
5
p
= q2 + 9
5
p = 5q2 + 45

1 2

ABBBBBB

55
= 32
5
= AB
2

(b) (i)

The value of the number removed is 3 (the

mean itself).

(ii)

N=4
x = 15 3
= 12
x2 = 55 32

= 46

x2
x 2
Variance, s2 =
N
N
46
12 2

=
4
4

= 2.5

1 2

1 2

5. (a) Total workers = 30

30 th

Median is the = 15th term
2

The median class is 40 49.

1 2

y2
(ii) s2 = ( y )2
N
y2

4 = 62
5
y2
= 4 + 36

5

y2 = 40 5


= 200

(b) (i)

x2
Standard deviation = ( x )2
N

y = 6, N = 5
3. (a)
s2 = 4
y

(i) y =
N
y


6 =
5


y = 30

ABBBBBBB

New mean = (6 + 2)3

= 24

(ii) New standard deviation = 3 AB

4


=6

NF
2
\ The median = L + C
fm

(30) 10
2
= 39.5 + 10
10
= 39.5 + 5
= 44.5

(b) The mean, x

fx
=
f
(4 24.5) + (6 34.5) + (10 44.5)
+ (8 54.5) + (2 64.5)
=
30
= 43.83
fx2
(c) s2 = ( x )2
N
(4 24.52) + (6 34.52) + (10 44.52)
+ (8 54.52) + (2 64.52)

=
30

(43.83)2

= 126.5

4. x = 15
N=5
x2 = 55

 6. (a)

(b)

3.

NF
2
Median = L + C
fm

Mean = 7
8 + 7 + x + 7 + y + 10 + 11
= 7
7

43 + x + y = 7 7

x + y = 49 43

x + y = 6

y = 6 x

(24 + t) 9
2

45.5 = 39.5 +
10
1
45.5 39.5 = 12 + t 9
2
1

6 = 3 + t
2
1

t = 3
2

t = 6

10

4. Mean = 20
x
= 20
5
x = 100
New mean = 10
100 + x
= 10
6

x = 60 100

x = 40

Number of students

10
8
6

5.

Mean = 6
x + 3 + 4 + 5 + y + 9 + 10
= 6
7

x + y + 31 = 7 6

x + y = 42 31

x + y = 11

4
2
42.5
0

19.5 29.5 39.5 49.5 59.5 69.5

Weight (kg)

Mode = 42.5 kg
(c) New mode = 42.5 2


= 40.5 kg

Since the mode is 5, x + y = 11 and y . x, then

x = 5, y = 6.
6. Given x = 7
x
= 7

5

x = 35
{5, 5, 6, a, b}
5 + 5 + 6 + a + b = 35

a + b = 35 16

= 19

1. (a)

Mean = 4
2 + x + 5 + (x 4) + 3 + 4
= 4
6

10 + 2x = 4 6

2x = 24 10
14

x =
2

=7

a = 7, b = 12
or a = 8, b = 11
or a = 9, b = 10
Therefore, the possible 5 positive integers are
{5, 5, 6, 7, 12} or {5, 5, 6, 8, 11} or {5, 5, 6, 9, 10}.

(b) The numbers are 2, 7, 5, 3, 3, 4

Therefore, the mode is 3.

7. Given x = 5
x
= 5

8

x = 40

2. (a)

Mean = 9
7 + x + 11 + 5x + 9
= 9
5

27 + 6x = 5 9

6x = 45 27

= 18

x = 3

40 + a + 3a
= 6
10

4a = 60 40

= 20

a = 5

(b) The numbers are 7, 3, 11, 15, 9

Rearrange in ascending order: 3, 7, 9, 11, 15

Therefore, the median is 9.

 8. (a) 3, 4, 5, 8, 11
3 + 4 + 5 + 8 + 11

Mean =
5


= 6.2

Mode = None

Median = 5
(b) 2, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
2+2+3+4+5+6+7

Mean =
7
29


=
7

Mode = 2

Median = 4

1 + 2
First quartile =
2

= 1.5
4+6
Third quartile =
2

=5

(b)

1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 8
Range = 8 1

=7
First quartile = 2
Third quartile = 7

(5 0) + (4 1) + (6 2) + 3x
= 2
15 + x


4 + 12 + 3x = 2(15 + x)


16 + 3x = 30 + 2x


x = 30 16


x = 14
(b) 0 < x , 6
12. (a) Mode = 2
fx
(b) Mean =
f

13. (a) There are 10 numbers.

The median is between 5th and 6th numbers.
6 + (x + 2)

Median =
2
x
8
+


=
2
x


=4+
2
(b) 1 , x 1 , 6

2 , x , 7

6 , x + 2 , 10
4 , x , 8

and

2<x<7

New mean = 5 6 2

= 28
New mode = 3 6 2

= 16
New median = 4 6 2

= 22

52
(c) New mean =
4
3


=
4

(3 0) + (5 1) + (7 2) + (4 3)
+ (1 4)
=
20
= 1.75

10th term + 11th term

(c) Median =
2
2+2


=
2


=2

10. Mean = 5, mode = 3, median = 4

(a) New mean = 5 + 2


=7

New mode = 3 + 2


=5

New median = 4 + 2


=6
(b)

9. (a) 1, 2, 3, 4, 6

Range = 6 1


=5

x = 2
fx
= 2
f

11. (a)

4<x<8

The possible values of x are 5 and 6.

14. (a) Team A, because both teams A and C have the

same mean score but the standard deviation of
team A is smaller.

32
New mode =
4
1

=
4
42
New median =
4
1

=
2

(b) The combined mean score

(32 76.8) + (36 70.3) + (32 76.8)

=
32 + 36 + 32

= 74.46

x = 5, variance, s2 = 2, N = 30
15. (a) Mean,
x

x =
N
x

5 =
30

x = 150

x2
x
s2 =
N
N
x2
2
2 = 5
30
x2
= 27
30
x2 = 810

Sum of square = 810

33
y = 1,
7

18. (a) (i)

Mean = 7
5 + 13 + 5 + n + 5 + 10 + 11 + 10
+ n2 + 9

= 7
10


68 + n + n2 = 70


n2 + n 2 = 0


(n + 2)(n 1) = 0


n = 2, 1
(ii) Since n . 0, then n = 1

When n = 1,

5, 13, 5, 1, 5, 10, 11, 10, 1, 9

That is, 1, 1, 5, 5, 5, 9, 10, 10, 11, 13

Mode = 5
5+9

Median =
2


=7

(b)

Standard deviation = s
Variance = s2
New standard deviation = 3s
New variance = 32(s2)

= 9s2

1 2

16. (a) Mode = 3, mean = 6

2, 3, 3, 5, 9, 11, 11, p, q


Mean = 6
2 + 3 + 3 + 5 + 9 + 11 + 11 + p + q

= 6
9


44 + p + q = 9 6


p + q = 54 44


p + q = 10

Since 3 is the mode and p . q,

then q = 3 and p = 7.

x = 5, s2 = 4, N = 10
19.
x
(a) (i) x =
N
x


5 =
10


x = 50

22 + 32 + 32 + 52 + 92 + 112 + 112
x2
+ 72 + 32
(b) =
9
N
428


=
9
2
x

s2 = ( x )2
N
428

= 62
9
428

= 36
9
104

=
9

x2
x )2
(ii) s2 = (
N
x2

4 = 52
10
x2

= 29
10

x2 = 290

y = 10, s 2 = 9
(b) n = 10,
y

134
s2 =
9
x2
x 2 134
=

N
N
9
4y + 10 2 134
y2 + 9y2 + 100
=

3
9
3
2
2
y + 9y + 100 16y2 + 80y + 100
134
=
3
9
9
3(10y2 + 100) 16y2 80y 100 = 134
30y2 + 300 16y2 80y 100 134 = 0

14y2 80y + 66 = 0

17.

1 2

7y2 40y + 33 = 0
(y 1)(7y 33) = 0

Sum of the 30 numbers = 150

(b)

x + y
Mean =
N+n
50 + 10(10)

=
10 + 10
150

=
20

= 7.5
x2 + y2
s2 = (7.5)2
N+n
290 + [sy2 + (y)2]10
= (7.5)2
10 + 10

th
1
(c) Median = 50
2


= 25th position

The median class is 1.6 1.8.

290 + (9 + 100)10
= 7.52
20
= 69 56.25
= 12.75

x = 2, s2 = 6, x2 = 100
20. (a)
x2
2

s2 =
n ( x )
100
2

6 =
n 2
100


n = 10

10n = 100

n = 10

Since x + y = 48,
then 12 + y = 48

y = 36

Arrange in ascending order:

4, 4, 4, 8, 10, 10, 12, 20, 36

The median is 10.

22. (a)

(b) (i)

21.

NF
2
Median = L + C
fm
1

(50) 16
2

= 1.55 + (0.3)
28
9

= 1.55 + 0.3
28

= 1.646 kg

x = 12
4 + 8 + 4 + 4 + 10 + x
+ 10 + y + 20

= 12
9


60 + x + y = 108


x + y = 108 60


x + y = 48
(ii) When y = 3x,

x + 3x = 48


4x = 48


x = 12

Number of fish

40
30
20
10
0

61
34.5

44.5

54.5 64.5
Weight (g)

74.5

84.5

From the histogram, mode = 61 g

th
1
(b) Lower quartile = 120
4


= 30th position
th
3

Upper quartile = 120
4


= 90th position

Number Weight, Number

Weight Midpoint,
of waterless of water(kg)
x
melons, f than
melons

120 18
4
Lower quartile = 44.5 + 10
20

= 50.5 g

0.0 0.9

0.45

0.95

1.0 1.2

1.1

1.25

1.3 1.5

1.4

10

1.55

16

1.6 1.8

1.7

12

1.85

28

1.9 2.1

2.0

13

2.15

41

120 78
4
Upper quartile = 64.5 + 10
30

= 68.5 g

2.2 2.4

2.3

2.45

50

\ Interquartile range = 68.5 50.5

= 18 g

(a) The range = 2.3 1.1

= 1.2 kg

23.

fx
(b) Mean =
f
6(1.1) + 10(1.4) + 12(1.7)
+ 13(2.0) + 9(2.3)


=
50


= 1.754 kg

10

Marks

Number of
students

Marks,
less than

Number of
students

0.5

1 20

15

20.5

15

21 40

20

40.5

35

41 60

32

60.5

67

61 80

23

80.5

90

90

80

Number of students

70
60

66

50

NF
2
Median = L + C
fm
1

40 14
2

= 29.5 + 10
8

= 37 cm

(b) 1 5 < 14 + x < 25

1 < x < 11

40
30
20

26. (a)

10

28.5
47.5
61
0
0.5 10.5 20.5 30.5 40.5 50.5 60.5 70.5 80.5
Marks

Age

Number of workers

25 29

16

30 34

20

(a) Median = 47.5

35 39

24

(b) Interquartile range = 61 28.5

= 32.5

40 44

20

45 49

14

50 54

(c) Number of students who scored more than 60

marks = 24
24

Percentage = 100
90


= 26.67%

25
Number of workers

(b)

20
15

24.
Marks

10

Number of Midpoint,
students, f
x

59

fx

fx2

35

245

10 14

10

12

120

1440

15 19

15

17

255

4335

20 24

12

22

264

5808

25 29

27

216

f = 50

5832

fx
(a) The mean score =
f
890


=
50


= 17.8

890
17 660
=
50
50
= 36.36

1
25. (a) Median class at 40
2

that is, 30 39.

th

The mode is 37.

fx = 890 fx = 17 660

37
24.5 29.5 34.5 39.5 44.5 49.5 54.5
Age

th
1
27. (a) The median class = 80 = 40th position
2

Therefore, the median class is 71 , x < 80.

fx2
fx
(b) The variance =
f
f

position,

11

Score

Number of students

41 , x < 50

12

51 , x < 60

61 , x < 70

10

71 , x < 80

15

81 , x < 90

25

91 , x < 100

10

The median marks

1

80 30
2
= 70.5 + 10
15
= 77.17

(b) The modal class is 81 , x < 90.

(iii) (I) The new mean = 10 + 2

= 12

15 + 25 + 10
(c) 100% = 62.5%
80

28. (a) 3 , n + 1 , 8
and 10 , 2n + 3 , 15
7 , 2n , 12

3 1 , n , 8 1

2 , n , 7
7
, n , 6
2

150
30. (a) x = 3600
360

= 1500

7 <n<6

2
2

2<n<7

Therefore, 4 < n , 6.
Hence, n = 4, 5.

(b) (i)

(3 3) + (2 6) + (1 8)
+ (1 10) + (2 13)
+ (1 15)

The mean, x =
10

=8

fx2
(ii) Variance = ( x )2
f

(c)
1800
1500
1200

(3 32) + (2 62)
+ (1 82) + (1 102)
+ (2 132) + (1 152)
= 82
10
= 18.6

18.6
Standard deviation = ABBB

= 4.313

300
0

34
9.5

The mode = 34 g

300 + 1800
(d) 100%
3600
2100

= 100%
3600

= 58.33%

ABBB

58
Standard deviation =
5

= 3.406

(b) (i)

900
600

x = 10, x2 = 558
29. n = 5,
x
2
(a) s2 =
n ( x )
558

= 102
5
58

=
5

180
z = 3600
360
= 1800

(1500 14.5) + (300 24.5)

+ (1800 34.5)
(b) The mean =
3600


= 25.33 g

When n = 5,

30
y = 3600
360
= 300

Number of eggs

(II) The new variance = 22 9.67

= 38.68

x = Original mean
= 10

y2
(ii) s2 = ( x )2
6
x2 + 102

= 102
6
558 + 102

= 100
6

= 9.67

12

19.5
29.5
Weight (g)

39.5