IS t 1849( Pare II) - 1977

I-y
1
L
I ndian Standard
GUI DE FOR DESI GN AND
I NSThLLATI ON OF VERTI CAL MI XED-FEED
TYPE LI ME KI LN
PART II FOR LIMESHELL
( First Revision )

First Reprint JULY 1988
UDC 666.923.3.041.464
. . . .
c
@ Copyright 1978
BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDAPDS
MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG
NEW DELHI 110002
Gr 3
J uly 19?8 \
( Reaffirmed 1998 )
I ndian
GUI DE FOR
ISr1849(ParlII).1977
Standard
DESI GN AND
I NSTALLATI ON OF VERTI CAL MI XED-FEED
TYPE LI ME KI LN
PART I I FOR LI MESHELL
( First Revision)
Building Limes Sectional Committee, BDC 4
clhoinnsn
DR IQnAr. Au
R#pwRtirpg
Engineering Research Laboratories, Government of
Andhra Pradesh, Hyderabad
Smu V. S. Ao~~war;a
Engineer-in-Chief6 Branch, Ministry of Defence
SXRI K. R. BHAMBHAm ( Ahmufs )
Khadi & Villa
Tamil Nadu Hg
e Industries Commission, Bombay
ousing Board, Madras
SRRI SnmnA~ BANDYOPADRYAY
CHlsa ENOINIUU~
EXECIUTXVE ENOI~SER ( HUDCO
CELL ) ( AZfernak )
DR S. K. CROPRA
SxRs P. c. Csi0wnrixY
Cement Research Institute of I ndia, New Delhi
Lime Manufacturers Association of India, New
Delhi
SWI G. C. DAS
SXIU S. Daa GUPTA ( Ahnats)
DR N. G. D~vst
National Test House, Calcutta
Central Building Research Institute ( CSIR),
Roorkee
SRRI S. P. G~ao ( Alkmata )
SHRI Y. N. DAVE
Department of Mines & Geology, Government of
Rajasthan, Jaipur
SHRI R. G. GUPTA (A~lanat6 )
DWETOR, GERI, VADODARA
Public Works Department, Government of G&at,
Ahmadabad
RBBEARCH OFFS~BR ( MATERIAL
TESTING x)IVV:~lON ) ( Aft6mat6 )
DIRECTOR, ( IPRI ) Aararrals~
Irrigation Department, Government of Punjab,
Chandigarh
Reas~~cxr OFFI~BR ( B 8r M ) ( Ahmat )
( Continusd on pag6 2 )
@ CoPyright 1978
BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS
This ublication is
B 3
rotccted under the lndibn Co&right Act (XIV of 1957) and
repro uction in wh e or in part by any means except with written
ge
rmission of the
publisher rhall be dccmcd to be an inftingement of copyright UL er the said Act.
IS t 1849 ( Part 11 ) - 1977
( Continuedfrom page 1)
Mambws
DIRECTOR, MERI, Nas~x
RE~EAQOH OFFICER ( MATERIAL
TE~TXNO DKVISION ), MERI,
Nasm ( Alteraats )
DR R. K. GHO~H
SHRK M. L. BHATIA ( Alternats )
Sxxx J. S. GILL
SHRI S. C. KALRA ( Altematc)
HOUSING CO~~~SMM~;
JOINT RESEARCH
(B&S),RDSO
ABS~STA~T DIRECTOR RESEARCH
(B&S),RDSO(Altcmats)
SHRI N. H. KE~~I~ANI
SHRI N. MA~XDO
SARI PI. L. MARWAH
Rupmmting
Irrigation 8s Power Department, Government of
Maharashtra, Bombay
Cen~trhRoad Research Institute ( CSIR ), New
Punjab Housing Development Board, Cbandigarb
Rajasthan Housing Board, Jaipur
Miqistry of Railways
Ministry of Transport 8t Shipping (Roads Wing )
Dyers Stone Co Pvt Ltd, Delhi
Builders Association of India, Bombay
SARI HARIEH C. KOHLI (Alternate)
DR A. V. R. RAO National Buildings Organization, New Delhi
SRRI J. SEN GUF-TA ( Altwnatr )
SHR~ V. N. RAO
SHRI S. B. SEN SARYA
Madhya Pradesh Housing Board, Bhopal
Geological Survey of Indta, Calcutta
SUPERINTENDING E N o I N IZ~ R Public Works Department, Government of Madhya
( DI~sI~N~ )
EXEDUTI~S ENCXNEER ( RESEARCH )
Pradesh, Bhopal
( Alternate )
ih'ERINTXNDINO E N o I N II E R Public Works Department, Government of Andhra
s~Fmnnn;,, Dasmxsa )
Pradesh, H derabad
K N 0 I N E E R Public Works & epartment, Government of Tamil
( PLINNIN~ & DESIGNS ) Nadu, Madras
E~FX~TI~E ENC~NSLR ( BUILDING
CENT~E DIVISION ) ( Al&nuts )
SU~VBYOR OF WORKS IV, SSW Central Public Works Department, New De&i
(NDZ)
Director General, BIS ( Ex-ofi& Manbar) SHRI D. AJ ITHA SIMHA,
Director ( Civ Engg )
SHRI K,M. MATHUR
Deputy Diecfo? ( civ Engg ), BIS
2
IS : 1849 ( Part II) - 1977
I ndian Standard
GUI DE FOR DESI GN AND
I NSTALLATI ON OF VERTI CAL MI XED-FEED
TYPE LI ME KI LN
PART II FOR LIMESHELL
( First Revision)
0. FOREWORD
0.1 This Indian Standard ( Part II ) ( First Revision ) was adopted by the
Indian Standards Institution on 30 September 1977, after the draft finalized
by the Building Limes Sectional Committee had been approved by theCivil
Engineering Division Council.
0.2 The manufacture of building limes, which are mostly produced in
small scale industries, has not been much developed or refined ever since
the methods were introduced. The industry, has therefore, felt that guide-
lines for the design of lime kilns based on the studies carried out by the
Central Building Research Institute, Roorkee; Khadi and Village Industries
Commission, Bombay; and Gujarat Engineering Research Institute,
Vadodara could be formulated so that it will be helpful in setting up kilns
for the manufacture of building lime in the villages and small scale industries.
For efficient design of the kiln a number of factors, such as chemical com-
position of limestone, type of the fuel and output required are considered.
This standard gives general guidance for the design and installation of lime
kilns in which the charge is fed from the top and lime is drawn from
the bottom of the shaft through discharge opening.
0.3 This standard was first published in 1967 based on studies conducted
by Khadi and Village Industries Commission and covered general principles
of design and construction of masonry type shaft (without limiting capa-
city) for the manufacture of lime from limestone. In the past 9 years
several designs of kiln were tried and it has now been possible to give
more details of the kiln design which is being given in the revised version
of this standard. For the present, requirements are being covered up 10
a capacity of 3 tonnes per day and data for higher capacity will be covered
later, if required.
ISr184!J(PartII)-1977
0.4 This standard is now being issued in two parts, Part I covering design
of the kilns for the manufacture of the lime from limestone and Part II
covering limeshell.
0.5 In the preparation of this standard considerable assistance has been
given by Khadi and Village Industries Commission and the details are
based on designs standardized by them.
0.6 For the purpose of deciding whether a particular requirement of this
standard is complied with, the final value, observed or calculated, express-
ing the result of a test or analysis, shall be rounded off in accordance with
IS : 2- 1960*. The number of significant places retained in the rounded off
value should be the same as that of the specified value in this standard.
1. SCOPE
1.1 This standard ( Part II ) covers details for the design and installation
of vertical mixed-feed masonry shaft type of kilns for manufacture of lime
from limeshell up to a capacity of 3 tonnes per day.
2, TEmoLOGx
2.1 For the purpose of this standard, the definitions given in IS : 6508-1972t
shall apply.
3. DESIGN CRITERIA
3.0 The factors given in 3.1 and 3.2 should be considered for efficient
designing of lime kiln. The broad details and dimensions for the com-
monly used two sizes are given in Fig. 1.
3.1 Output - The size of the kiln should be mainly decided by the out-
put required from it which in turn depends upon the type of fuel and
chemical composition of limeshell.
3.2 Height of the Kiln-For efficient performance and low fuel consump-
tion the internal height should be between 3 to 4 times the i.nternal
diameter.
4. INSTALLATION
4.0 A vertical mixed-feed masonry shaft kiln should consist of the
following:
a) Foundation;
b) Base;
*Rules for rounding off numerical values ( raised ).
tGloasary of terms relatiag to building lima.
4
IS t 1849 ( Part II ) - 1977
BOLT AND SHACKLE
/-
4 DlSCHARblNG HOLES
ARRANGEMENT2
WJTH DAMPER DOOR
3 /-INSULATION
-LINING WITH
REFRACTORY
EIRICKS
?-.--BOLT AND
SHACKLE
ARRANGEMENT
\POKE HOLE
LAIR INJECtOR
All dimensions in centimetres.
IA Dlmenslons of tmproved Lime Kiln for Shell Burtting Capacity 3 Tonnes Per Day
Fxo. 1 TYPICAL IMPROVED LIME KILN ( Contd )
5
BOLT AND SHACKLE
CHARGINO
d
w
!
/
1
\
poJ
1C CHIMNEY
BRICKS OR
STONE MASONRY
INSULATlOy
+c--II
l0 AIR INJECTOR
All dimensions in ccntimetra.
I6 Dimensions of Improved Limo Kiln for Shell Burning Capacity I Tonne Per Day
FIG. 1 TYPICAL ~PRWED LIMB KILN
6
lsr1849(Parell)-1937
c) The superstructure:
1) Discharge place,
2) The air injector, and
3) The shaft of the kiln;
d) Chimney;
e) Platforms;
f) Stairways; and
g) Charging device.
4.1 Foundation of the Kiln - A suitable foundation should be provided
depending on the nature of soil and expected loads.
4.2 Base of the Kiln-The base of the kiln
should be of platform type
(see Fig. 2).
c SOLID
BRICKWORK
)
PLATFORM
Flo. 2 BASB OF KILN - PLATFORM Tvpr
7
I8:1849(PartII)-1977
4.3 The Superstructure
4.3.1 Discharge Place - The discharging door should be of convenient
size and fitted with sliding mesa1 doors for facility of easy operation.
The floor of the discharging place should be hard and smooth-finished
and sufficiently sloping for easy removal of lime.
4.3.2 Air I njector - The air injector should be of mild steel plate in the
shape of hollow cylinder with conical end. It should be installed in the
centre of the floor of the discharging place ( se@ Fig. 1).
4.3.2.1 The air injector should be of height starting from the floor
ofVhe discharging place to the bottom edge of the first poke hole. It will
have perforations starting from a little above the top edge of the discbarg-
ing hole to the conical end.
4.3.2.2 The air injector should be connected to a hand or power driven
blower through an underground duct. A suitable regulating device may
be provided for controlling the air injected.
4.3.2.3 The bottom of the air injector should have two square flanges
which enable it to be gripped well to the floor of the discharging place
and hold it erect.
4.3.3 Shaft of the Kiln -
The shaft may be cylindrical and vary in
diameter from top to bottom. The shaft of the kiln should consist of the
following:
a) Lining,
b) Insulation,
c) Outer wall or the shell, and
d) Metal bands.
4.3.3.1 The lining of the kiln should be made of refractory bricks
( see IS : 6-1967* ). The bricks should preferably be tapered to suit the
shaft diameter.
4.3.3.2 The laying of the fire bricks shall be done with thin joints
and refractory mortar ( see IS : 195-1963t ).
4.3.3.3 To reduce the loss of heat by radiation the kiln should be in-
sulated between the lining and the outer wall. The insulation should be
done by providing a gap of 10 cm and filling by fireclay in a dry state or
thick burnt paddy husk.
4.3.3.4 Outer wall or the shell should be constructed with brick or
stone masonry.
*Specification for moderate heat duty fireclay refractoric+ group A ( third nui.rion ).
tSpeCification for &clay mortar for laying refractory bncb ( second rmXon ).
8
18 I 1849 ( Part II) - 1977
4.3.3.5 Suitable metal bands should be used around the periphery of
the kiln to strengthen the shaft and to reduce the tendency to crack.
4.3.3.6 Poke holes should be provided around the periphery of the
kiln starting from floor in the calcination zone. The poke holes should be
spaced at every half metre to one metre and spread around the circum-
ference of the kiln. The size of poke hole should be 12 x 8 cm and the
length should correspond to the thickness of the kiln wall including the
lining.
4.4 Chimney - The kiln should be provided with a chimney ( see Fig. 1.).
4.5 Platform - A platform of suitable size should be provided at the top
for keeping raw material ( limeshell and fuel ).
4.6 Stairways - Suitable stairways should be provided to reach at the
top.
4.7 Charging Device - Methods of mechanical loading which are found
to be very convenient should be adopted. Where it is necessary to lift
limeshell and fuel from ground level vertically, a basket or a bucket
elevator hoist may be used. Where the hauling has to be done over an
incline from ground, small skips with wheels mounted on track should
be used. The track should run around the top of the kiln so that the
incoming trucks may be emptied at any point and sent back on the
return line.
+.8 If required for recording of tamperature, a thermocouple or a
pyrometer ( SGL IS: 2053-1962. ) may be installed in the wall of the kiln
through poke holes.
rSpccification for thermocouple pyromctttca.
9
BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS
Headquarters :
Manak Bhavan, 9 Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, NEW DELHI 110002
Telephones:331 01 31,331 1375
Telegrams : Manaksanstha
( Common to all Offices )
Regional Offices :
Telephonh
*Western ; Manakalaya, E9 MIDC, Marol, Andheri ( East 1, 6 32 92 95
BOMBAY 400093
tEastern : l/14 C. I. T. Scheme VII M, V. I. P. Road, 36 24 99
Maniktola, CALCUTTA 700054
Northerfi : SC0 445-446, Sector 35-C
{
21843
CHANDIGARH 160036 31641
Southern .: 6. I. T. Campus, MADRAS 600113
l
41 24 42
41 25 19
141 29 16
Branch Offices :
Pushpak, Nurmohamed Shaikh Marg, Khanpur,
AHMADABAD 380001
F Block, UnEty Bldg, Narasimharaja Square,
BANGALORE 560002
C
2 63 48
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22 48 05
Gangotri Complex, 5th Floor, Bhadbhada Rotid, T. T. Nagar, 6 27 16
BHOPAL 462003
Plot NO. 82/83, Lewis Road, BHUBANESHWAR 751002
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5th Byelane, GUWAHATI 781003
-
5-8-56C L. N. Gupta Marg, (Nampally Station.Road),
22 10 83
HYDERABAD 500001
R14 Yudhister Marg. C Scheme, JAIPUR 302005
{
6 34 71
6 98 32
117/418B Sarvodaya Nagar, KANPUR 208005
Patliputra Industrial Estate, PATNA 800013
Hantex Bldg ( 2nd FIbOr 1. Rly Station Road,
TRIVANDRUM 695001
C
21 68 76
21 82 92
6 23 05
52 27
inspection Office ( With Sale Point ):
Institution of Engineers ( India ) Buildtng, 1332 Shivaji Nagar, 5 24 35
PUNE 410005
*Sales Office in Bombay is at Novelty Chambers, Grant Road,
Bombay 400007
89 66 28
tSaler Office in Calcutta is at 5 Chowringher Approach, P. 0. Princrp
27 68 00
Streeti Calcutta 700072
Reprography Unit, BIS, New Delhi, India
1
AMENDMENT NO. 1 APRIL 1999
TO
IS 1849 ( Part II ) : 1977 GUIDE FOR DESIGN AND
INSTALLATION OF VERTICAL MIXED-FEED TYPE
LIME KILN
PART II FOR LIME SHELL
( Firsi Revision )
( Pup 4, clnrrse 2.1 ) - Substilule llie following Ii)r lhc cxisling clause:
2.1 For the purpose of this standard, the definitions given in IS 6508 : 1988t
shall apply.
( Page 4, j00fn0fe marked t ) - Substitute the following Lor the existing
foolIlolc:
tGlossary of terms rclaling IO building lime (Jirsf mGo,r).
( Purge 8, clr~rrse 4.3.3.1 ) - Substitute (see IS 6 : 1983*) for (.FCC I S 6 :
1967+).
(Page 8, clause 4.3.3.2 ) - Substitute the following for the existing clause:
4.3.3.2 The laying of the fire bricks shall be done with thin joints and refractory
mortar (see IS 195 : 1991-t ).
(Pqe 8,foornoles) -Substitute the following [or the existing footnotes:
*Specification for moderate heat duty firrclay relractories. group A Cfourth revLrion).
tSl)ecification for lire clay mortar for laying relracIory bricks (rhird revisiorr).
( Page 9, c/nrrse 4.8 ) - Substilute (see IS 2d53 : 1974*) for (I S 2053 :
1962*).
( Page 9, footnote ntnrked * ) - Substitute lhe following for the existing
footnote:
TpecificaIion for thermocouple pyrometers (first rev&w).
(CED4)
Reprography WI, BE, New Delhi. India