Name: __________________________ Date: _____________

Key Terms
1. age-set
2. Black Death
3. Chinggis Khan
4. icti!e kinshi"
#. $ha%an Khan
&. '(leg( Khan
). Karak*r(m
+. khagan
,. Khan-alik
1.. Kh(-ilai Khan
11. Ki"chak Khanate
12. /asai
13. /*0(n
14. The /*ng(l 1*rl0 1ar
1#. "ast*ralism
1&. Tem(2in
1). T(rks
1+. 3i*ngn(
1,. 4(an 0ynasty
Answer each of the following questions in two or more sentences.
1. 5n 1hat 1ays 0i0 "ast*ral s*cieties 0ier r*m their agric(lt(ral c*(nter"arts6
2. 5n 1hat 1ays 0i0 "ast*ral s*cieties interact 1ith their agric(lt(ral neigh-*rs6
7age 1
3. 5n 1hat 1ays 0i0 the 3i*ngn(8 9ra-s8 an0 T(rks make an im"act *n 1*rl0 hist*ry6
4. Di0 the hist*ry an0 s*ciety * the :ast 9rican /asai "e*"le "arallel that * 9sian
n*ma0s6
#. 50entiy the ma2*r ste"s in the rise * the /*ng*l :m"ire.
&. ;hat acc*(nts *r the "*litical an0 military s(ccess * the /*ng*ls6
). '*1 0i0 /*ng*l r(le change China6 5n 1hat 1ays 1ere the /*ng*ls change0 -y
China6
+. '*1 1as /*ng*l r(le in 7ersia 0ierent r*m that in China6
,. ;hat 1as 0istincti!e a-*(t the <(ssian e="erience * /*ng*l r(le6
1.. 5n 1hat 1ays 0i0 the /*ng*l :m"ire c*ntri-(te t* the gl*-ali%ati*n * the :(rasian
1*rl06
11. Disease changes s*cieties. '*1 might this arg(ment a""ly t* the "lag(e6
Answer each of the following questions in two or more sentences.
12. 7ri*r t* the rise * the /*ng*ls8 in 1hat 1ays ha0 "ast*ral "e*"les -een signiicant in
1*rl0 hist*ry6
13. ;hat acc*(nts *r the *ten negati!e attit(0es * settle0 s*cieties t*1ar0 the "ast*ral
"e*"les li!ing *n their -*r0ers6 ;hy ha!e hist*rians *ten neglecte0 "ast*ral "e*"les>
r*le in 1*rl0 hist*ry6
14. 5n 1hat 1ays 0i0 the /*ng*l :m"ire resem-le *ther em"ires8 an0 in 1hat 1ays 0i0 it
7age 2
0ier r*m them6 ;hy 0i0 it last a relati!ely sh*rt time6
1#. 5n 1hat 0ierent 1ays 0i0 /*ng*l r(le aect the 5slamic 1*rl08 <(ssia8 China8 an0
:(r*"e6
1&. '*1 1*(l0 y*( 0eine -*th the imme0iate an0 the l*ng-term signiicance * the
/*ng*ls in 1*rl0 hist*ry6
1). '*1 1*(l0 y*( assess the "ers"ecti!e * this cha"ter t*1ar0 the /*ng*ls6 D*es it
strike y*( as negati!e an0 critical * the /*ng*ls8 as -en0ing *!er -ack1ar0 t* "*rtray
them in a "*siti!e light8 *r as a -alance0 "resentati*n6
7age 3
Answer Key
1. ?
? 7ast*ral s*cieties generally li!e0 in small an0 1i0ely scattere0 encam"ments *
relate0 kin*lk.
? 7ast*ral s*cieties generally *ere0 1*men a higher stat(s8 e1er restricti*ns8 an0
a greater r*le in "(-lic lie.
? 7ast*ral s*cieties 1ere ar m*re m*-ile.
2. ?
? 7*litically an0 militarily8 "ast*ral "e*"les at times came t*gether t* e=tract 1ealth
r*m agric(lt(ral s*cieties thr*(gh tra0ing8 rai0ing8 *r e=t*rti*n.
? C(lt(rally8 mem-ers * s*me "ast*ral s*cieties a0*"te0 the religi*ns * their
agric(lt(ral neigh-*rs8 incl(0ing @(0aism8 B(00hism8 Christianity8 5slam8 an0
/anichaeism.
3. ?
? 5t 1as 1ithin the 9ra- 1*rl0 that 5slam8 the largest an0 m*st e="ansi!e religi*(s
tra0iti*n * the "*stclassical "eri*08 emerge0. 7ast*ral 9ra-s als* "r*!i0e0 the
sh*ck tr**"s * the 5slamic e="ansi*n that car!e0 *(t the 9ra- :m"ire.
? The T(rks carrie0 5slam t* ne1 regi*ns8 incl(0ing n*rthern 5n0ia an0 9nat*liaA
"laye0 an increasingly im"*rtant r*le in the heartlan0 * an esta-lishe0 5slamic
ci!ili%ati*n8 as the Bel2(k T(rks -ecame the
cali"hate in the /i00le :astA an0 car!e0 im"*rtant em"ires *(t * settle0 s*cieties8
incl(0ing the Ctt*man :m"ire.
4. ?
? The /asai 0i0 n*t (lly a-an0*n c(lti!ati*n (ntil the eighteenth an0 nineteenth
cent(ries C.:.
? '*1e!er8 the /asai e="erience 0i0 "arallel that * 9sian n*ma0s in that they
reg(larly tra0e0 1ith *r rai0e0 agric(lt(ral "e*"les.
#. ?
? 5n *r0er t* h*l0 his alliance t*gether8 Chinggis Khan la(nche0 a series * military
cam"aigns against the settle0 agric(lt(ral s*cieties * :(rasia *!er the hal cent(ry
ater 12.,.
? Thr*(gh this /*ng*l 1*rl0 1ar8 Chinggis Khan an0 his s(ccess*rs c*nstr(cte0 an
em"ire that incl(0e0 China8 K*rea8 Central 9sia8 <(ssia8 m(ch * the 5slamic
/i00le :ast8 an0 "arts * :astern :(r*"e.
&. ?
? The /*ng*l army 1as -etter *rgani%e08 -etter le08 an0 -etter 0isci"line0 than the
armies * its *""*nents.
? The /*ng*l army 1as *rgani%e0 t* 0iminish the 0i!isi!e tri-alism * the "ast*ral
clan str(ct(re8 "artly -y s"rea0ing mem-ers * tri-es am*ng 0ierent (nits * the
army.
? The /*ng*ls ma0e (" *r their small n(m-ers -y inc*r"*rating h(ge n(m-ers *
c*nD(ere0 "e*"les int* their military *rces.
? The /*ng*ls D(ickly acD(ire0 Chinese techniD(es an0 techn*l*gy * siege
1arare8 1hich all*1e0 them t* *!erc*me the ela-*rate *rtiicati*ns * 1alle0
cities.
7age 4
? /*ng*l *rces 1ere eecti!e in "art -eca(se * their gr*1ing re"(tati*n *r a
r(thless -r(tality an0 (tter 0estr(cti!eness. Their re"(tati*n ser!e0 as a *rm *
"sych*l*gical 1arare8 a "ractical in0(cement t* s(rren0er.
? The /*ng*ls 0is"laye0 an im"ressi!e a-ility t* m*-ili%e -*th the h(man an0
material res*(rces * their gr*1ing em"ire thr*(gh cens(s taking8 an eecti!e
system * relay stati*ns *r ra"i0 c*mm(nicati*n8 an0 the -eginnings * a
centrali%e0 -(rea(cracy in the ca"ital * Karak*r(m.
? The /*ng*ls *stere0 c*mmerce.
? The /*ng*ls 0re1 *n c*nD(ere0 "e*"les t* ill a0!is*ry an0 l*1er-le!el
a0ministrati!e "*siti*ns.
? The /*ng*ls 1elc*me0 an0 s(""*rte0 many religi*(s tra0iti*ns as l*ng as they
0i0 n*t -ec*me the *c(s * "*litical *""*siti*n.
). ?
? The /*ng*ls t**k a Chinese 0ynastic title8 the 4(an8 an0 m*!e0 their ca"ital t* a
ne1 ca"ital city kn*1n as Khan-alik8 the Ecity * the khanE F"resent-0ay Bei2ingG.
? The /*ng*ls ma0e (se * Chinese a0ministrati!e "ractices an0 techniD(es *
ta=ati*n an0 their "*stal system.
? /*ng*l khans ma0e (se * tra0iti*nal C*n(cian rit(als8 s(""*rte0 the -(il0ing *
s*me Da*ist tem"les8 an0 1ere "artic(larly attracte0 t* a Ti-etan *rm *
B(00hism8 1hich ret(rne0 the a!*r 1ith str*ng "*litical s(""*rt *r the in!a0ers.
+. ?
? The /*ng*l r(lers in 7ersia 1ere trans*rme0 ar m*re than their c*(nter"arts in
China 1ere8 as the /*ng*ls ma0e e=tensi!e (se * the s*"histicate0 7ersian
-(rea(cracy.
? Hnlike 1hat *cc(rre0 in China8 the /*ng*ls 1h* c*nD(ere0 7ersia c*n!erte0 in
large n(m-ers t* the l*cal /(slim aith.
? 9 n(m-er * /*ng*ls t(rne0 t* arming an0 marrie0 l*cal "e*"le8 s* 1hen their
r(le in 7ersia c*lla"se08 they 1ere n*t 0ri!en *(t as they ha0 -een r*m China.
5nstea08 they 1ere assimilate0 int* 7ersian s*ciety.
,. ?
? <(ssia 1as still e="l*ite08 -(t the /*ng*l im"act there 1as m(ch m*re (ne!en
than it ha0 -een in 7ersia *r China.
? The a-sence * 0irect /*ng*l r(le meant that the /*ng*ls 1ere ar less inl(ence0
-y *r assimilate0 1ithin <(ssian c(lt(res than their c*(nter"arts in China an0
7ersia ha0 -een.
? Cn the *ther han08 <(ssians 1ere8 i anything8 m*re aecte0 -y /*ng*l
0*minati*n than the 7ersians an0 Chinese ha0 -een. <(ssian "rinces *(n0 it
(se(l t* a0*"t the /*ng*ls> 1ea"*ns8 0i"l*matic rit(als8 c*(rt "ractices8 ta=ati*n
system8 an0 military 0rat.
1.. ?
? The /*ng*l :m"ire als* "r*m"te0 0i"l*matic relati*nshi"s r*m *ne en0 *
:(rasia t* the *ther8 es"ecially -et1een ;estern :(r*"e an0 the /*ng*ls an0
-et1een 7ersia an0 China.
? The /*ng*l :m"ire als* s"(rre0 a s(-stantial e=change * "e*"les an0 c(lt(res
thr*(gh its "*licy * *rci-ly transerring many th*(san0s * skille0 cratsmen an0
e0(cate0 "e*"le r*m their h*melan0s t* 0istant "arts * the em"ire.
7age #
? The /*ng*l :m"ire8 thr*(gh its religi*(s t*lerance an0 s(""*rt * merchants8
acilitate0 the s"rea0 * religi*ns.
? The /*ng*l a(th*rities acti!ely enc*(rage0 the e=change * i0eas an0 techniD(es.
9 great 0eal * Chinese techn*l*gy an0 artistic c*n!enti*ns l*1e0 1est1ar08
incl(0ing "ainting8 "rinting8 g(n"*10er 1ea"*ns8 c*m"ass na!igati*n8 high-
tem"erat(re (rnaces8 an0 me0ical techniD(es. /ean1hile8 /(slim astr*n*mers
-r*(ght their skills an0 kn*1le0ge t* China.
? Cr*"s 1ere als* e=change0.
11. ?
? Ia-*r sh*rtages als* *stere0 a greater interest in techn*l*gical inn*!ati*n in
:(r*"e an0 create0 m*re em"l*yment *""*rt(nities *r 1*men.
? The "lag(e c*ntri-(te0 t* the 0*1nall * the /*ng*l :m"ire.
? The "lag(e ca(se0 signiicant 0isr("ti*n t* tra0e r*(tes t* the east8 an0 this tra0e
0isr("ti*n8 al*ng 1ith a 0esire t* a!*i0 /(slim interme0iaries8 "r*!i0e0 an
incenti!e *r :(r*"eans t* take t* the sea in their c*ntin(ing e*rts t* reach the
riches * 9sia.
12. ?
? Jari*(s n*ma0ic an0 semin*ma0ic "e*"les "laye0 a r*le in the c*lla"se * the
classical Chinese an0 <*man em"ires an0 the s(-seD(ent re-(il0ing * th*se
ci!ili%ati*ns.
? 5t 1as 1ithin the 9ra- 1*rl0 that 5slam8 the largest an0 m*st e="ansi!e religi*(s
tra0iti*n * the "*stclassical "eri*08 emerge0. N*ma0ic Be0*(in 9ra-s als*
"r*!i0e0 the sh*ck tr**"s * the 5slamic e="ansi*n that car!e0 *(t the 9ra-
:m"ire.
? The T(rks carrie0 5slam t* ne1 regi*ns8 incl(0ing n*rthern 5n0ia an0 9nat*liaA
"laye0 an increasingly im"*rtant r*le in the heartlan0 * an esta-lishe0 5slamic
ci!ili%ati*n8 as the Bel2(k T(rks -ecame the 0e act* "*1er -ehin0 the 9--asi0
cali"hate in the /i00le :astA an0 car!e0 im"*rtant em"ires *(t * settle0 s*cieties8
incl(0ing the Ctt*man :m"ire.
13. ?
? Bettle0 s*cieties *ten 0es"ise0 the liestyle * "ast*ral "e*"les8 1h* lacke0 "r*"er
h*(ses an0 ha0 a 0iet that 1as !ery 0ierent r*m that * settle0 s*cieties.
? Bettle0 s*cieties *n *ccasi*n c*m"ete0 *r res*(rces 1ith their "ast*ral
c*(nter"arts.
? 'ist*rians ha!e ten0e0 t* neglect n*ma0ic "e*"les -eca(se they generally 0i0 n*t
ha!e 1ritten lang(ages8 an0 th(s the s*(rces a!aila-le came r*m a02acent
agric(lt(ral ci!ili%ati*ns. 9ls*8 agric(lt(ral ci!ili%ati*ns (ltimately tri(m"he0 in
their l*ng-r(nning c*nlict 1ith n*ma0ic "e*"les.
14. ?
? 5ntense acti*nalism am*ng the /*ng*ls8 ra"i0ly rising "rices8 (ri*(s e"i0emics
* the "lag(e8 an0 gr*1ing "easant re!*lts *rce0 the /*ng*ls *(t * China -y
13&+8 less than a cent(ry ater they ha0 inally c*nD(ere0 the ChineseK
? 9 s(ccessi*n crisis in the /*ng*l regime in 7ersia res(lte0 in the c*lla"se * their
r(le in the 133.s an0 the s(-seD(ent assimilati*n * many /*ng*ls int* 7ersian
s*ciety.
7age &
? Di!isi*n am*ng the /*ng*ls an0 the gr*1ing strength * the <(ssian state
ena-le0 the <(ssians t* -reak the /*ng*ls> h*l0 -y the en0 * the iteenth
cent(ry.
? Cn a -r*a0er le!el8 the ra"i0 s"rea0 * the Black Death in the 133.s an0 134.s
0esta-ili%e0 the /*ng*l :m"ire8 0ecimate0 the "ast*ral "*"(lati*ns * ste""e
lan0s8 an0 0amage0 l*ng-0istance c*mmerce.
1#. ?
? The /*ng*ls c*nD(ere0 -(t 0i0 n*t *cc("y <(ssia. 5nstea08 <(ssian "rinces
recei!e0 a""*intment r*m the khan in ret(rn *r sen0ing s(-stantial tri-(te. The
im"act * the c*nD(est 1as (ne!en8 -(t in general the a-sence * 0irect /*ng*l
r(le meant that the /*ng*ls 1ere ar less inl(ence0 -y *r assimilate0 1ithin
<(ssian c(lt(res than their c*(nter"arts in China an0 7ersia ha0 -een. <(ssians8 *n
the *ther han08 1ere "r**(n0ly aecte0 -y /*ng*l 0*minati*n. <(ssian "rinces
*(n0 it (se(l t* a0*"t the /*ng*ls> 1ea"*ns8 0i"l*matic rit(als8 c*(rt "ractices8
ta=ati*n system8 an0 military 0rat.
? The /*ng*ls (nite0 a 0i!i0e0 China. '*1e!er8 in terms * g*!erning techniD(es
an0 the "*siti*n * the em"er*r8 the /*ng*ls a0*"te0 many "ree=isting Chinese
systems an0 i0eas.
? :(r*"e 1as stim(late0 -y a l*1 * i0eas an0 techn*l*gies thr*(gh /*ng*l-
acilitate0 net1*rks * e=change8 -y the *""*rt(nity *r :(r*"eans t* tra!el the
length * the /*ng*l :m"ire Fe="an0ing the mental h*ri%*n * :(r*"eG8 an0 -y
the c*lla"se * the /*ng*l :m"ire F1hich "r*!i0e0 an incenti!e *r :(r*"eans t*
take t* the sea in their c*ntin(ing e*rts t* reach the riches * 9siaG. :(r*"e 1as
als* aecte0 a0!ersely -y the s"rea0 * the Black Death al*ng these same
net1*rks * e=change.
1&. ?
? 5n the "r*cess8 they 0estr*ye0 a series * 1ell-esta-lishe0 em"ires.
? They 1reake0 e=tensi!e 0estr(cti*n *n settle0 "*"(lati*ns.
? They enc*(rage0 tra0e an0 e=change acr*ss the :(rasian net1*rk.
? They *stere0 the s"rea0 * the Black Death acr*ss :(rasia.
? 5n the l*ng term8 the /*ng*l-en*rce0 m*!ement * c*nD(ere0 "e*"les r*m their
h*melan0s t* 0istant "arts * the em"ire acilitate0 the e=change * i0eas an0
techniD(es8 as e=em"liie0 -y the l*1 * Chinese techn*l*gy an0 artistic
c*n!enti*ns 1est1ar0 t* the /i00le :ast an0 :(r*"e.
? The 0isr("ti*n * /*ng*l--ase0 lan0 r*(tes t* the east *ll*1ing the c*lla"se *
the /*ng*l :m"ire "r*!i0e0 an im"*rtant incenti!e *r :(r*"eans t* take t* the
sea in their c*ntin(ing e*rts t* reach the riches * 9sia.
1). ?
? '*1e!er8 it als* highlights the im"*rtance * the /*ng*l :m"ire as a acilitat*r *
tra0e an0 the im"*rtance * the e=change * i0eas an0 techn*l*gies.
? 5t gi!es cre0it t* the /*ng*ls> skills in m*-ili%ati*n an0 *rgani%ati*n that in "art
e="lain their military s(ccess.
? 5t n*tes the /*ng*ls> t*lerance * the religi*ns * c*nD(ere0 "e*"les.
7age )