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Intelligent Cooling System
Intelligent Cooling System
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INDEX
Page No.
1) Abstract 1
2) Introduction 2
3) Conventional Method 2
7) Conclusion 9
8) References 10
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ABSTRACT
In the present paper, efforts have been made to highlight the concept of an
“INTELLIGENT COOLING SYSTEM”. The basic principle behind this is to control
the flow rate of coolant by regulating the valve by implementing FUZZY LOGIC.
In conventional process the flow rate is constant over the entire engine jacket.
Which induces thermal stresses & reduction in efficiency.
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INTRODUCTION
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There is an appreciable variation in the temperature of the gases inside the engine
cylinder during different processes of the cycle. Temperature inside the engine cylinder is
almost the lowest at the end of suction stroke. During combustion there is a rapid rise in
temperature to a peak value which again drops during the expansion. This variation of
gas temperature is illustrated in fig (2). for various processes in the cycle.
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• Radiator,
• Thermostat,
• Piston-cylinder assembly.
Fig 3
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OVERHEATING
DRAWBACKS
EXCESSIVE COOLING
EFFECT OF OVERHEATING :
• Evaporation of lubricating oil that lubricates the piston and cylinder wall. This will
result in metal to metal contact of the piston and the cylinder wall leading to piston
scuffing and piston seizure.
• Setting up of the thermal stresses in the cylinder, cylinder head and piston. This may
lead to cracking of them.
• Burning of the piston crown.
• Sticking of piston rings in the ring grooves, due to carbonization of the oil. Ring
sticking will result in inefficient sealing of the cylinder increased blow by of gases
and loss of thermal efficiency.
• Reduction in volumetric efficiency i.e. reduced weight of charge retained in the
cylinder.
Also due to the inadequate supply of the coolant the machine parts get overheated
and this may lead to two effects:
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• Generation of excessive heat which results in the break down of the engine.
• Evaporation of the coolant (water) may results in SCALE formation.
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To control the idle speed of spark ignition engine, there are two possibilities. The
first one is spark advancer and the second is volumetric control of air.
In spark advancer if revolution decreases then an advance spark increases the
torque and vice versa.
In second method if there is reduction in number of revolution, the auxiliary air
regulator increases the by-pass cross-section which increases the air flow and vice versa.
Consider the engine jacket as shown in figure 5 above which shows the sensors,
valve, cylinder & an intermediate jacket, in which sensors and valve are connected to
control unit.
This control unit will not work unless the temperature of the engine reaches to 70 0
C. When it reaches to 700C or beyond it the flow will start. It begins with maximum at
middle two cylinder and less at first and last cylinders. This change in flow rate will
minimize the temperature difference between the middle and the end cylinders. Due to
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this the thermal stresses get reduce and the optimum temperature will be maintained wear
will not take place.
If the temperature of the engine cylinders increases, the sensor will sense the
temperature and the signal is given to the control unit and it controls the valve opening
resulting in increase in the flow rate. Similarly when the engine retards the temperature of
the cylinder decreases which will be sensed by the sensor and will operate the valve.
1) It will try to maintain the cylinder temperature within the certain limit so that
lubricating oil should not evaporate and hence will prevent metal to metal contact.
2) It will help to reduce the thermal stresses and hence cracking of piston cylinder.
3) Thermal efficiency will improve.
4) It will prevent the carbonization of oil since dealing with the optimum
temperature.
5) It will prevent the corrosion of engine parts.
6) Mechanical efficiency will improve.
7) Proper vaporization of fuel will take place.
8) Excessive cooling results in increased viscosity of lubricant oil and hence more
friction and will consume more fuel to overcome the friction and hence results in
decrease thermal efficiency. So, our system will prevent the above factors.
9) During starting, the engine takes some time to reach it's operating temperature and
hence it requires less or no coolant to be circulated around if so that it can reach
operating temperature easily.
10) Although initial cost will be more but running cost will be less.
11) Less maintenance will require.
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CONCLUSION
Scope for future work would concentrate on type of sensor's, valve opening
mechanisms and different coolants.
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REFERENCES
5) Mohammad Jamshidi, Andre Titli, Lofti Zadem & Serge Boverie, Application of
Fuzzy Logic,
Published by : Prentice Hall PTR Publication
Page No. 153, 1 154, 155
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