Education

What is Education?

Education is Knowledge or Skill Obtained or Developed by the learning process.

Mostly development of Knowledge is Education. Education is learning the Skill to
Survive.

Why we need Education?

The purpose of education is, it develops to understand the circumstances, builds

brainpower to improve systems to raise, increases the living standard, and it improve the
society and culture. Most important concern in our modern social life is how to earn and
live comfortable and safe life, so education is an important one in the life.

Education and Economy

The next thing is Economy. Education plays an important role in Economy.

Education is mainly to improve the Financial and the Economic status of a person. The
countries economy is mainly depend on the education. If a country provides better
education automatically that country economic status improves. Because of Education
only some countries are rich and some countries are still poor because of bad education.

Literacy Rate Around world

Education system in India and other Countries

Education system in India

Education is one of the most powerful things in the growth of Indian Economy.
The higher levels of Literacy will give the greater economic output, higher employment
levels, better health, better social structures, and higher marks along a number of other
development indicators. Educating girls and women has been shown to result in rapid
improvements in family planning, nutrition, health, and income and is seen as one of the
best tools for promoting social and economic development.

Today, Indian education covers one of the largest higher and secondary education
systems in the world. This has been made possible by a large number of schools, colleges
and universities that are offering various courses. Moreover, the distance learning courses
and online degrees are also helping in the democratization of the Indian education
system.
There are lot of universities and colleges, schools made transmission of
knowledge in the technological sectors. The Indian Institute of Technology and various
Engineering Colleges are playing the important role in the technical areas. Thus today,
India is known as the talent-pool of the world, where intelligent, educated people are very
easy to find, and this fact has definitely given a boost to India education.

Indian educational system consists of six stages they are Nursery, Primary,
Secondary, Higher Secondary, Graduation and Post Graduation.

Nursery
In this there are two stages are there Lower Kinder Garden and Upper Kinder
Garden. In this the children have to spend two years. This is the starting stage of the
education.

Primary
In this stage we have to spend five years. Here we will study class 1 to class 5.
The start at the age of 6 and the finish at the age of 11. Here they will learn about the
Basic subjects like English, Regional Language, Mathematics, Science, General
Knowledge and History.

Secondary
In this stage also they have to spend five years. Here we will study class 6 to class
10. The start at the age of 11 and the finish at the age of 15. Here they will learn about the
Basic subjects like English, Regional Language, Mathematics, Science and History.

Higher Secondary
After finishing the secondary education they have to study higher secondary for
two years. Here they enter at the age of 16 and finish it at 17. Here they will study the
class 11 and class 12.
Graduation
After finishing the higher secondary education they will enter into the Graduation.
Here only they enter in to the particular field. In Indian Education system the
Professional course is 4 years, Medical 5 years, Diploma course 3 years and Arts and
Science 3 years.

Post Graduation
Here the time period is 1 ½ years to 3 years.

The following diagram shows the Indian Education System.

* All levels of education in India, from primary to higher education, are overseen by the

Ministry of Human Resource Development (Department of Higher Education and

Department of School Education and Literacy)

Other Countries

China

In China, the education is divided into three categories basic education, higher
education, and adult education. The Compulsory Education Law in China is that each
child has nine years of formal education. Students are required to complete primary and
junior middle school education. Thereafter, students who pass the appropriate entrance
examinations go on to senior middle schools or middle-level vocational schools.
Primary Education

Primary education is a six year course in which pupils study core subjects such as
Chinese, Mathematics, History, Geography, Science etc. There is also a certain level
of elementary political and moral education. A strong emphasis is also placed on Physical
Education. Schools start around 8 am and classes go on into the evenings.

Junior Middle School

This is the continuation of the Primary School. In this the students study the same
core subjects at higher levels. There is an emphasis on sports and physical education,
alongside moral and political education. At the end of the three years, all pupils take an
examination, this for successful students leads to senior middle school or vocational
school. These examinations are considered to be very important as the pass level
determines the quality of senior or vocational school into which the students may be
accepted.

Senior Middle School

In Senior Middle school, students elect whether to follow science or humanities

curricula. These courses are designed to lead to the important National College Entrance
Exams. Again sport and political education are part of the curriculum.

Higher Education

If the student wants to enter into the Higher Education they must first take the
National College Entrance Exam. This is held in early July and there are separate exams
for science and humanities candidates. Admission is decided mainly on the results of the
entrance exams.

Universities

There are hundreds of universities are there in China. They give the high quality
education to the students. Most universities offer four to five year courses leading to
bachelor's degrees.

Colleges

In addition to the universities, there are colleges, offering two or three year
diploma courses in various vocational subjects. There are also normal colleges which
again are teacher training establishments.

The following tabular column shows clearly the education stages in China
 AGE Education Compulsory
18-22 University or college No
15-18 Senior high school (middle school) No
or
Vocational school
12-15 Junior middle school Yes
6-12 Primary school Yes

Education System in United States of America

The following table shows the education system in USA.

 Level/Grade Typical age
Preschool
Various optional, yet recommended Under 5
programs such as Head Start
Elementary School
Pre-Kindergarten 4-5
Kindergarten 5-6
1st Grade 6-7
2nd Grade 7-8
3rd Grade 8-9
4th Grade 9-10
5th Grade 10-11
Middle school
6th Grade 11-12
7th Grade 12-13
8th Grade 13-14
High school
9th Grade (Freshman) 14-15
10th Grade (Sophomore) 15-16
11th Grade (Junior) 16-17
12th Grade (Senior) 17-18
Post-secondary education
Tertiary education (College or ages vary (usually four years,
University) referred to as Freshman,
Sophomore, Junior and
Senior years)
Vocational education ages vary
Graduate education
Adult education
The Following Diagram shows the Education in USA
Indian Economy

Indian Economic Statistics

The Indian Economy Statistics has shown that the economy has experienced a
strong growth in the second quarter of the year 2006-07. The Gross Domestic Product in
the country increased at an impressive rate of 9.4 percent per annuam. The GDP Growth
was mainly by the fast growing industrial production as well as the growth in the services
sector.

The economy has been growing at around 9 per cent in the past two years
recording a growth rate of 9 per cent and 9.4 per cent in 2005-06 and 2006-07
respectively. For example, industrial and services sectors have logged in a 10.9 and 11
per cent growth rate in 2006-07 respectively, against 9.6 per and 9.8 cent in 2005-06.
Similarly, manufacturing grew by 9.1 per cent and 12.3 per cent in 2005-06 and 2006-07
and trade, hotel, transport and communication recorded a growth of 10.4 per cent and 13
per cent, respectively.

The GDP rate of India in the years 2005-2007 over various quarters is shown in
the following statistics diagram
Per Capita Income

With major acceleration in the growth rate of the Indian economy, India's per
capita income has increased at a fast rate, exceeding an earlier forecast made by the
Goldman Sachs BRIC report which estimated India's per capita to touch US$ 800 by
2010 and US$ 1149 by 2015.

Per capita income has increased from US$ 460 in 2000-01 to almost double to
US$ 797 by the end of 2006-07. Further, India's per capita income is estimated to be over
US$ 1000 in 2007-08, and is expected to increase to US$ 2000 by 2016-17 and US$ 4000
by 2025. This growth rate will, consequently, propel India into the middle-income
category.

India in the International Scenario

India’s international participation has increased at a faster rate recently. The

products exports of the country have experienced a strong growth. Growth in the exports
of services is good. Foreign Exchange Reserves in the country also increased at a faster
rate in the country. USA, UAE and OPEC (Organization of Petroleum Exporting
Countries) countries remained as the top destinations for the exports.

Comparison between India and China Economy

Comparing the Economies of India and China is to embark on an old puzzle that
has fascinated smart people for centuries. Although it is urgent and important to discuss it
because China and India are the world's next major powers. It is also important because
the two countries have embraced very different models of development.

Looking at the Similarities between the Economies of India and China, both are
conscious of their role in the world economy. Both seek to play a bigger political role on
the world stage. China is already doing that as a permanent member of the U.N. Security
Council. Now observing the Differences between the Economies of India and China we
see that China is taking tangible but slow steps towards embracing private
entrepreneurship. India on the other hand is continuing to struggle with making things
easier for multinationals. Although the differences are arguably narrowing, but the first-
order effect of all this is still “a big difference”.

China
 China's per capita gross domestic product jumped from US $1,071 in 1978 to US
$4,726 in 2003, a growth rate almost double that of India. (IFPRI, Lessons Learned from
the Dragon (China) and the Elephant (India), 2005).
Rural poverty in China fell by more than 200 million between 1978 and 2004.
This decline has been largely uneven across the country, particularly in rural western
China which accounts for 13 million poor. By comparison, the eastern costal region,
endowed with favorable geographical and natural conditions, accounts for 4 million poor.
(Chinese National Bureau of Statistics, 2004)
IFPRI research has found that targeted public investments in rural areas led to a
substantial decrease in poverty. In China, for every 10,000 yuan invested in education, 9
people were lifted out of poverty. The same level of investment in agricultural research
and roads resulted in improved livelihoods for 7 and 3 people, respectively. (IFPRI,
Sound Choices for Development: The Impact of Public Investments in Rural India and
China, 2002)
India
India's per capita gross domestic product has increased steadily over the past
twenty-five years, from US $1,255 in 1978-lower than the average for Sub-Saharan
Africa, which stood at US $1,757-to $2,732 in 2003. (IFPRI, Lessons Learned from the
Dragon (China) and the Elephant (India), 2005).
Over the past two decades, India has achieved significant poverty reduction,
although it has not been as far-reaching as China. Between 1980 and 2000, rural poverty
in India declined by nearly 25 percent. (IFPRI, Agricultural and Economic Development
Strategies and the Transformation of China and India, 2005)
Public investments in roads, agricultural research, and education in India reduced
poverty more than any other type of investment. For every million rupees invested in
these three areas, 124, 85 and 41 people, respectively, were lifted out of poverty. (IFPRI,
Sound Choices for Development: The Impact of Public Investments in Rural India and
China, 2002)