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Copyright 2011 Agilent Technologies
2
Maintain a Healthy
RF Communications Network
Agilent Technologies
Present of
P.T Berca Hardayaperkasa
2
Agenda
Changes and Challenges for RF Field Test
RF Issues Need to be Addressed in an RF Site
Hardware maintenance
Cable and antenna system
Filter, TMA, diplexer, duplexer
Transmitter
Over the air signal management (interference
management)
Internal interference
External interference
Inter-modulation interference
Agilent Measurement tools
Fieldfox RF/ Microwave Analyzer
Handheld Spectrum Analyzer
2
Maintain a Healthy RF Communication Network
4
What becomes simpler
Base station is all modular designed with standard/or semi-standard
interface.
BTS installation is close to "plug and play, no complex demodulation
measurement needed during installation/maintenance.
Software defined Radio (Baseband card) makes multi technology,
multi-band support in a platform possible.
Almost all settings can be done remotely: total power, individual
channel power, channel, band, modulation scheme, coding scheme etc..
5
What becomes more challenging
More networks operate at higher frequency, it requires a lot more base
station to cover the same area, in average, technician needs to cover
more sites now.
More active components exposed to outdoor environment: TMA, Remote
Radio Head, Remote Electric Tilt, Smart antenna etc..
More components in feeder: Diplexer, Duplexer, TMA etc..
More antennae in a sector, isolation between antennae need to be
measured and maintained carefully.
Frequency assignment is a lot tighter. And higher frequency band is
adjacent to commercial cellular band, it could create interference between
networks.
6
RF Issues Need to be Addressed in an RF Site
TX Power Measurement
Cable And Antenna Test
Interference Analysis
Filter and Amplifier Test
6
7
Cable and Antenna Tests
Measurements
Return loss
Cable loss (1-port)
Distance to fault
Insertion loss
Amplifier gain
Isolation
Challenges
Need fast sweep speed
Measurement reliability
Ease of field use
8
QuickCal: Provide Stable and Worry-Free Measurement
in the Field (1 port and 2 port)
Issues in field testing:
- It is difficult to keep consistent calibration in the field
- may not have readily available calibration kit
- may not have readily available adapter kit
Agilent Patented CalReady and QuickCal:
-Each test port is calibrated when it is turned, ready to
make measurement without any calibration procedures.
-Built-in calibration module with advanced port extension
algorithm to move reference plane to end of adapter or
cable without using an external cal standards
9
Long and High-Loss Cable Measurement
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Cable Loss Measurement (1-port cable loss measurement)
- Accurate cable-loss measurement is
critical to decide if system has enough
coverage or generate excessive
interference. 1 dB additional loss is
equivalent to 10% reduction of coverage
area.
- It is not practical to measure an installed,
long cable using 2 port measurement.
- When cable loss value is getting close to
system return loss value, simple return
loss / 2 is no longer applicable, algorithm
needs to be implemented to separate
cable loss from return loss.
11
Filter Tuning in the Field
- Filter in the transmitter band is to
make sure transmitter signal is within
defined channel specification,
minimize spurious signal interfering
adjacent channel.
- Filter in the receiver band is to make
sure that not-wanted signal is kept
out, improve receiver sensitivity.
- not all the filters shipped to the site
are properly tuned, frequency could
be changed on the fly.
12
Verify TMA, LNA in Receiver Chain of BTS Over the Air
Verify TMA over 2 antennae
Verify LNAs in BTS over two antennae
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Interference Analysis
Measurements
Interference signal detection
Signal monitoring
Signal identification
Challenges
Need fast sweep speed
Higher dynamic range and
superior sensitivity
Ease of field use
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Case Study: Using Spectrogram to Find Intermittent
Paging Signal Which Blocks UMTS 850 Uplink
Paging signal
UMTS uplink
15
Coverage Verification with Independent Source and
Spectrum Analyzer
- Verify coverage before a new install.
- Antenna direction alignment.
- Indoor system testing, send a CW
tune through the system, find out the
coverage, penetration and system
loss.
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In Summary
Hardware maintenance
Cable and antenna system
Filter, TMA, diplexer, duplexer
Transmitter
Over the air signal management (interference management)
Internal interference
External interference
Inter-modulation interference
Microwave FieldFox
RF MICROWAVE ANALYZER
Fieldfox Family Introduction
9 GHz
14 GHz
18 GHz
26.5 GHz
4 GHz
6 GHz
RF/uWHandheld Portfolio
Agilent
Confidential
CAT only
VNA
Combo ANALYZER
SA HSA
20 GHz
13.4 GHz
7 GHz
3 GHz
N9330B N9912A-104
N9912A-106
N9913A
N9918A
N9917A
N9916A
N9915A
N9914A
N9938A
N9937A
N9936A
N9935A
N9923A-106
N9923A-104
N9925A
N9927A
N9926A
N9928A
N9340B
N9342C
N9344C
N9343C
Carry Precision with You!
ChaIIenges in today's Microwave I&M business:
Precision is not an option
- System testing under extreme
temperature
- Perform all microwave tests in shortest
possible time
-Making measurements in dusty
environment
- No room for instruments with fans
and vents!
- Maintaining equipment under wet and
salty circumstances.
- Many critical decisions are made based on
measured data.
Carry precision using truck
Page 20
Group/Presentation Title
Agilent Restricted
27 May 2013
PNA
Or Carry Precision With you
Combination Analyzer: 10 Instruments in 1
Cable and antenna analyzer
30 kHz to 26.5 GHz
Full 2-port vector network
analyzer with time domain
analysis, 30 kHz to 26.5 GHz
Spectrum analyzer, with full-
band tracking generator
5 kHz to 26.5 GHz
Power meter
5 kHz to 26.5 GHz
Independent signal generator
30 kHz to 26.5 GHz
Vector voltmeter, 2-port
30 kHz to 26.5 GHz
Interference analyzer
Variable DC source and
current monitor
Light weight: 6.6 lbs (3.0 kg)
Long battery life: 3.5 hrs
Bright display: 6.5 inch TFT
MIL-PRF-28800 F Class 2
MIL-STD-810G, 511.5, Proc 1
NEW: IP 53 type tested
Built-in GPS receiver
Frequency counter
Get a Wide Range of Precise Field Measurements
Plus:
Built-in GPS
Independent source
Full-band preamplifier
SA frequency counter
Spectrum analysis
Cable and antenna analysis Vector network analysis
Built-in power meter
Vector voltmeter Interference analysis Full-band tracking generator Channel power measurement
Time domain DC source & current monitor
New: Remote control capability opt 030
- Remote control fieldfox via WLAN and
cellular broadband data connection using
iPad and iPhone
- Play FieldFox introduction video
- Access user guide, technical overview,
data sheet and tutorial videos via internet
- The app is available to download from app
store, opt 030 is for pay, required for
remote controlling FieldFox.
For all FieldFox models
Use case:
- allow user to deploy RF instrument to hard to reach location
- Monitor signals from various locations
New: Spectrum analyzer enhancements
Spectrum analyzer time gating (opt 238)
Frequency domain and time domain views
Adjustable trigger position
Settable gate width and gate view time
Triggers:
External, video, free run, new: burst trigger
Trigger delay and new: pre-trigger
Settable trigger position
Others:
1 Hz and 3Hz RBW settings
Trigger delay: + xx is delay, -xx is pre trigger
Use case:
- Make RF pulse measurement like RADAR quicker
and easier
Above features are not available for N9912A
NEW: Measure Peak & Average Power to 40 GHz (Ka-band)
Supported power sensors with Option 302 Power Meter: (for all FieldFox)
U2000 Series USB Average Power Sensors
U2020 X-series USB Peak and Average Power Sensors
U8480 Series USB Thermocouple Power Sensors
Use case:
Radar maintenance with
single instrument
New accessories to support microwave analyzers
Page 26
Agilent Restricted
27 May 2013
Cal kits: 6GHz, 9GHz, 18GHz and 26.5GHz
Yagi Antenna
Cell and PCS
Waveguide cal kits
Microwave Test Cables
Adapters
Trigger, IF, DC out cable
Frequency Management, Regulation and Audit
Page 27
Agilent Restricted
27 May 2013
Key Applications
- Signal monitoring
- Network Audit
- Cable and antenna
- Interference detection
- Transmitter emission test
Why FieldFox:
- Ruggedized, light weight, battery
powered
- QuickCal
- Built in power meter
- Independent Source
- interference analyzer with recording
- Remote Monitoring
28
Introducing Microwave Handheld Spectrum
Analyzer (HSA)
N9344C: 1 MHz to 20 GHz
N9343C: 1 MHz to 13.6 GHz
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Benefits of N9344C/N9343C
Field testing just got easier!
Field ready
Benchtop performance in a
handheld
Innovative task planner
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Field ready
Comply with MIL-PRF-28800F Class 2
Rugged and fanless design for tough
field environment
Industry first! Clear viewing both day
and night with automatic LCD
brightness control and keypad backlight
The only handheld with GPS receiver
and GPS antenna both built-in
Flexible remote control via USB/LAN
! 3.5 hours operation time
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Benchtop performance in a handheld
Best-in-class DANL: -155 dBm/Hz
High accuracy power
measurement with Agilent U2000
series USB power sensor
Fastest sweep: < 0.9 s for 20 GHz
span
Innovative task planner
Create the
task plan file
with the free
HSA PC
software
Load the task
plan file and
HSA will
execute tests
automatically
Report will
be generated
with test
results
captured
Reduces test setup time by 95%
Delivers test automation and consistency
Continuous execution of up to 20 different tests
Automatically capture test results and generate report
Share the task plan file easily via email or USB memory stick
For more info, go to www.agilent.com/find/taskplanner
32
Rich and powerful measurement features
33
Spectrum Monitoring and Interference Analysis
(Option SIM)
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Spectrogram/trace view
Spectrogram displays 3-dimensions of the spectrum:
frequency, amplitude, and time
Three display modes: spectrogram only, spectrum trace
only, and dual-view
Spectrogram record and playback
Records spectrogram data to both internal memory and
external USB memory stick, and playback on
instrument
Record time depends on sweep interval
See more details
Two markers available to display frequency, amplitude
and time information
Provides limit lines with pass/fail functionality
Audio alert to indicate signal strength in a specified
frequency range
GPS information can be tagged to spectrogram data.
Spectrogram record (20 GHz full span)
Update interval Recording time by one .trc file
(1500 frames Max, 4 MB)
1 second Approximately 50 minutes
10 seconds Approximately 4.5 hours
30 seconds Approximately 12.8 hours
300 seconds (5
minutes)
Approximately 5 days
New features for N9344C/N9343C
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Time-gated spectrum
analysis (option TMG)
Measure pulsed-RF
Gate source: external, periodic
timer, RF burst
AM/FM modulation
analysis (option AMA)
Measure carrier power,
modulation rate, AM depth / FM
deviation, etc.
Pass/fail with limit function
The ONLY handheld with built-in GPS receiver and
antenna (option GPS)
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The only handheld SA with built-in GPS receiver
and antenna to provide precise location
information
Longitude and latitude information viewable from
the window bar on the top, and can be tagged to
trace files (both .trc and .csv file formats)
In addition, external GPS antenna connector
available on the top panel
Make two-port transmission measurement with the
built-in tracking generator (Option TG7)
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Measure two-port transmission of filter
and amplifiers, e.g. insertion loss,
amplifier gain, and filter passband.
Frequency range: 5 MHz 7 GHz
(tunable to 100 kHz)
The tracking generator output level is
adjustable (20 dBm to 0 dBm)
Power suite (standard feature)
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"Standard feature
"Channel standard available
Extra LARGE Font presents a METER style
High accuracy power measurement with Agilent
U2000 series USB power sensor (Option PWM)
Support Agilent U2000 series power sensors
Frequency range: 9 kHz to 24 GHz (sensor
dependent)
Dynamic range: -60 dBm to +20 dBm
The user can set up, calibrate and control the
power sensor via the N9340B.
2 display modes: Meter or Chart.
Limit function
39
HH SA accessories
! More accessories are offered in the N9311X accessory collection
! www.agilent.com/find/n9311x
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N9344C Spec Overview
Price Condition Agilent N9344C/N9342C Agilent ESA E4405B Agilent ESA E4407B Agilent ESA E4408B
Frequency Range 1 MHz to 20/13.6 GHz 9 kHz to 13.2 GHz 9 kHz to 26.5 GHz 9 kHz to 26.5 GHz
Best DANL
CF= 1 GHz & 13 &
18 GHz
Normalized to
1 Hz, PA OFF
-137/-137/-134 dBm
-142/-140/-139 dBm typical
-145/-136 dBm -145/-136/-136 dBm -144/-135/-135 dBm
Normalized to
1 Hz, PA ON
-150/-151/-147 dBm
-154/-155/-151 dBm typical
-162/-136 dBm -162/-136/-136 dBm N/A
RBW Range 10Hz to 3MHz (1-3-10 steps) 10 Hz to 5 MHz 10 Hz to 5 MHz 100 Hz to 5 MHz
TOI CF = 13 / 18 GHz +10 dBm / +13 dBm 7.5 dBm / 7.5 dBm 7.5 dBm / 7.5 dBm 7.5 dBm / 7.5 dBm
Attenuator
Range/Step
0 to 40 dB / 5 dB 0 to 65 dB / 5 dB 0 to 65 dB / 5 dB 0 to 65 dB / 5 dB
Phase Noise
offset at
30KHz/1MHz
-86 dBc/Hz @ 30 kHz
-115 dBc/Hz @ 1 MHz
-98 dBc/Hz @ 10 kHz
-125 dBc/Hz @ 1 MHz
-98 dBc/Hz @ 10 kHz
-125 dBc/Hz @ 1 MHz
-90 dBc/Hz @ 10 kHz
-118 dBc/Hz @ 1 MHz
Sweep Speed
None Zero Span/
Zero Span
2 ms to 1000 s /
6 s to 200 s
1 ms to 4000 s /
50 ns to 4000 s
1 ms to 4000 s /
50 ns to 4000 s
4 ms to 4000 s /
4 ms to 4000 s
Overall Amplitude
Accuracy
< 7 GHz: 1.5 dB,
7 GHz to 13 GHz: 2 dB,
> 13 GHz: 2.5 dB
< 3 GHz: 1 dB
3 GHz to 6.7 GHz: 2.0 dB
> 6.7 GHz: 2.5 dB
< 3 GHz: 1 dB
> 6.7 GHz: 2.5 dB
< 3 GHz: 1 dB
> 6.7 GHz: 2.6 dB
Dimension
318 x 207 x 69 mm
(12.5 x 8.15 x 2.7 in)
416 x 222 x 409 mm
(16.4 x 8.75 x 16.1 in)
416 x 222 x 409 mm
(16.4 x 8.75 x 16.1 in)
416 x 222 x 409 mm
(16.4 x 8.75 x 16.1 in)
Weight With Battery 3.6 kg / 7.9 lbs 17.1 kg / 37.7 lbs 17.1 kg / 37.7 lbs 17.1 kg / 37.7 lbs
Battery Time TG off 3.5 hrs 1 hr 1 hr 1 hr
42
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