SUBCOURSE EDITION

DI0200 7
INTRODUCTION TO JOURNALISM
US ARMY JOURNALIST
MOS 71Q SKILL LEVELS 1 AND 2
Introduction to Journali!
Su"cour# DI$2$$
Ar!% &u"lic A''air (#nt#r
)ort *#or+# *, M#ad#- Mar%land
)our (r#dit .our
*#n#ral
T/# Introduction to Journali! u"cour#- 0art o' t/# US Ar!%
Journalit MOS 71Q- S1ill L#2#l 1 and 2 cour#- i d#i+n#d to
t#ac/ t/# !#anin+ o' n#3- t/# "aic #l#!#nt 3/ic/ cr#at# n#3-
r#4uir#d #l#!#nt o' n#3 tori#- t/# rol# o' 5ournali! in t/#
Ar!%6 t/# 1ill- t#c/ni4u# and attitud# 3/ic/ !a1# +ood Ar!%
5ournalit6 t/# 'unction o' Ar!% 5ournalit6 Ar!% n#30a0#r
o0#ration6 t/# !#t/od o' +at/#rin+ n#36 and int#r2i#3in+
t#c/ni4u#,
TASK7 I!0l#!#nt n#3 +at/#rin+ 1ill and conduct n#3 int#r2i#3,
(ONDITION7 *i2#n in'or!ation on t/# u# o' 5ournali! in t/# Ar!%-
!#t/od o' +at/#rin+ n#3- and t#c/ni4u# crucial to conductin+
n#3 int#r2i#3- r##arc/ and coll#ct in'or!ation 'or u# in 0u"lic
a''air 0u"lication and acti2iti#,
STANDARD7 In accordanc# 3it/ t/# tandard #ta"li/#d in t/i
u"cour# and AR 89$:;- &u"lic In'or!ation6 and AR 89$:<1- (o!!and
In'or!ation6 r##arc/ and coll#ct in'or!ation 'or 0u"lic a''air
0u"lication and acti2iti#,
i
TA=LE O) (ONTENTS
S#ction &a+#
TITLE &A*E,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, i
TA=LE O) (ONTENTS,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ii
INTRODU(TION TO JOURNALISM,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 2
L#on 17 INTRODU(TION TO JOURNALISM,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 1
L#arnin+ E2#nt 17 >/at i N#3?,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 2
L#arnin+ E2#nt 27 T/# El#!#nt o' N#3,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 8
L#arnin+ E2#nt 87 N#3 in t/# Ar!% (o!!unit%,,,,,,,,,,, 9
L#arnin+ E2#nt @7 R#co+niAin+ Unit and
(o!!unit% N#30a0#r,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 7
&ractic# EB#rci#,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, C
An3#r to &ractic# EB#rci#,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 1$
L#on 27 >.AT MAKES A *OOD JOURNALIST?,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 11
L#arnin+ E2#nt 17 >/at Ma1# a *ood Journalit,,,,,,,,, 11
L#arnin+ E2#nt 27 T/# )unction o' Ar!%
Journalit,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 12
L#arnin+ E2#nt 87 Ar!% N#30a0#r O0#ration,,,,,,,,,,,, 1@
L#arnin+ E2#nt @7 Militar% Trainin+ and
Additional Duti#,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 1;
&ractic# EB#rci#,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 17
An3#r to &ractic# EB#rci#,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 1<
L#on 87 *AT.ERIN* T.E NE>S,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 1C
L#arnin+ E2#nt 17 T/# =#at S%t#!,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 1C
ii
L#arnin+ E2#nt 27 Sourc# and Tool,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 22
&ractic# EB#rci#,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 2C
An3#r to &ractic# EB#rci#,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 8$
L#on @7 INTERVIE>IN*,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 81
L#arnin+ E2#nt 17 &r#0arin+ M#c/anicall% 'or
Int#r2i#3,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 81
L#arnin+ E2#nt 27 D#2#lo0 Not#:Ta1in+ S1ill,,,,,,,,,,,, 8@
L#arnin+ E2#nt 87 &ic1in+ t/# Int#r2i#3
Location,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 8;
L#arnin+ E2#nt @7 (onduct &r#int#r2i#3
R##arc/,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 89
L#arnin+ E2#nt ;7 (onduct t/# Int#r2i#3,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 8<
L#arnin+ E2#nt 97 (onduct t/# &ot:Int#r2i#3,,,,,,,,,,,, @1
&ractic# EB#rci#,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, @8
An3#r to &ractic# EB#rci#,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, @@
iii
INTRODU(TION
T/# Introduction to Journali! u"cour#- 0art o' t/# US Ar!%
Journalit MOS 71Q- S1ill L#2#l 1 and 2 cour#- i d#i+n#d to
t#ac/ t/# !#anin+ o' n#3- t/# "aic #l#!#nt 3/ic/ cr#at# n#3-
r#4uir#d #l#!#nt o' n#3 tori#- t/# rol# o' 5ournali! in t/#
Ar!%6 t/# 1ill- t#c/ni4u# and attitud# 3/ic/ !a1# +ood Ar!%
5ournalit6 t/# 'unction o' Ar!% 5ournalit6 Ar!% n#30a0#r
o0#ration6 t/# !#t/od o' +at/#rin+ n#36 and int#r2i#3in+
t#c/ni4u#,
L#on 17 Introduction to Journali!
Ta17 D#'in# t#r! r#lat#d to 5ournali!- l#arn t/# El#!#nt o'
N#3- und#rtand t/# 'unction o' Ar!% 0u"lic a''air
0#cialit D5ournalitE- and r#co+niA# t/# di''#r#nc#
"#t3##n unit and co!!unit% n#30a0#r,
(ondition7 *i2#n t/# in'or!ation in t/i l#on,
Standard7 D#'in# 5ournalitic t#r!- d#cri"# t/# El#!#nt o'
N#3- 1no3 t/# 'unction o' 0u"lic a''air 0#cialit in
t/#ir rol# a 5ournalit- and r#co+niA# t/# di''#r#nc#
"#t3##n unit and co!!unit% n#30a0#r,
L#on 27 >/at Ma1# a *ood Journalit?
Ta17 R#co+niA# t/# 0ractic# o' +ood 5ournalit- und#rtand /o3
5ournalit 3or1 3it/in t/# Ar!%- l#arn /o3 d#ciion ar#
!ad# in Ar!% n#30a0#r o0#ration- and r#co+niA# trainin+
and dut% co!!it!#nt,
(ondition7 *i2#n t/# in'or!ation in t/i l#on,
Standard7 A00l% t/# 0ractic# o' +ood 5ournalit- r#co+niA#
d#ciion:!a1#r in Ar!% n#30a0#r o0#ration- and und#rtand
t/# r#4uir#!#nt o' trainin+ and dut% co!!it!#nt,
L#on 87 *at/#rin+ t/# N#3
Ta17 Und#rtand t/# 2ariou t%0# o' "#at %t#! and l#arn 3/at
ourc# o' in'or!ation ar# a2aila"l# to t/# Ar!% 5ournalit,
v
(ondition7 *i2#n t/# in'or!ation in t/i l#on,
Standard7 Kno3 /o3 "#at %t#! o0#rat# and 3/#r# to 'ind 2ariou
ourc# o' in'or!ation,
L#on @7 Int#r2i#3in+
Ta17 &r#0ar# t/# !#c/anical a0#ct o' int#r2i#3in+- d#2#lo0
not#:ta1in+ 1ill- 0ic1 int#r2i#3 location- conduct
int#r2i#3 r##arc/- arran+# int#r2i#3- conduct and
trancri"# t/# int#r2i#3,
(ondition7 *i2#n t/# in'or!ation in t/i l#on,
Standard7 U# int#r2i#3 tool- d#2#lo0 not#:ta1in+ 1ill- 0ic1
location 'or int#r2i#3- conduct 0r#int#r2i#3 r##arc/-
arran+# int#r2i#3- conduct and trancri"# int#r2i#3
accordin+ to +uid#lin# contain#d in t/i u"cour#,
vi
Lesson 1, Learning Event 1
INTRODU(TION TO JOURNALISM
EDITORFS NOTE
T/#r# i a t#nd#nc% 'or Ar!% 5ournalit to "#li#2# t/#% ar# 0art
o' A!#ricaF )r## &r# and t/u 0art o' t/# in2#ti+ati2#
Journalit cor0, T/# t#r! GAr!% JournalitF i !il#adin+ a t/#
Ar!% n#33rit#r i not a )r## &r# 5ournalit, Ar!% 5ournalit
ar# ai+n#d to co!!and in'or!ation- 0u"lic in'or!ation and
co!!unit% r#lation duti#, >/#n ai+n#d to 0u"lic in'or!ation
ta'' Ar!% 5ournalit 3rit# r#l#a# to t#ll t/# Ar!% tor% and
to r#0ond to 4u#ri# "% t/# in2#ti+ati2# )r## &r#, >/#n
ai+n#d to (o!!and In'or!ation ta'' Ar!% 5ournalit !a% 3rit#
'or 3/at t/# indutr% t#r! Gin:/ou#G 0u"lication, Jut a a
3rit#r 'or co!!#rcial indutr% 3ould not 3rit# in2#ti+ati2#
articl# conc#rnin+ /i co!0an% 'or t/# in:/ou# 0u"lication-
n#it/#r do Ar!% 5ournalit 3rit# in2#ti+ati2#l% conc#rnin+ t/#
Ar!% or t/#ir o3n indi2idual co!!and, Ar!% 5ournalit !a% tac1l#
contro2#rial ocial iu#- "ut t/#% !ut a2oid articl# 3/ic/
attac1 or in5ur#- or 3/ic/ +i2# t/# i!0r#ion o' attac1in+ or
in5urin+ t/#ir co!!and or t/# Ar!%,
># a00l% t/# t#r! G5ournalitG to #nlit#d Ar!% 0u"lic a''air
0#ronn#l "#cau# t/#% u# t/# 1ill and t#c/ni4u# o' t/#
ci2ilian 5ournalit in 3ritin+- #ditin+- and d#i+nin+
0u"lication,
1
Lesson 1, Learning Event 1
>.AT IS NE>S?
In t/# i!0l#t t#r!- n#3 i a r#0ort o' o!#on#F action- or o'
an #2#nt- 3/ic/ /a not "##n 0r#2ioul% r#0ort#d- and 3/ic/
int#r#t or a''#ct i+ni'icant #+!#nt o' t/# co!!unit% or
audi#nc#,
>#"t#rF Nint/ N#3 (oll#+iat# Dictionar% d#'in# n#3 a7
1, a r#0ort o' r#c#nt #2#nt,
2, !at#rial r#0ort#d in a n#30a0#r,
8, !att#r t/at i n#33ort/%,
>#"t#rF 'urt/#r d#'in# n#33ort/% a7 u''ici#ntl% int#r#tin+
to t/# +#n#ral 0u"lic to 3arrant r#0ortin+,
N#3- t/#n- /a a ti!#l% 2alu# and it !ut "# int#r#tin+ to "# o'
3ort/ to t/# +#n#ral 0u"lic, It !ut alo /a2# "##n 0r#2ioul%
un0u"li/#d, Onc# 0u"li/#d it i no lon+#r n#3- "ut /itor%,
Anot/#r conc#0t 3/ic/ a0irin+ 5ournalit !ut !at#r i t/at t/#
#2#nt or t/# 0#ronF action i not Gt/# n#3,G An #2#nt !a% "#
n#33ort/%- "ut it do#nFt "#co!# n#3 until it i 0u"li/#d,
.o3 do 5ournalit- ci2ilian and !ilitar%- #2aluat# an #2#nt 'or
it n#33ort/in#? &#r/a0 t/# "#t an3#r i t/# 5ournalit
conc#rn /i!#l' and /i 3ritin+ 3it/ t/# #2#nt and 0#o0l# in
3/ic/ /i r#ad#r ar# int#r#t#d, T/# !or# 0#o0l# 3/o ar#
int#r#t#d- and t/# !or# int#n# t/#ir int#r#t "#co!#- t/#
+r#at#r n#3 2alu# t/# #2#nt or t/# 0#ron,
T/# r#0ort#r i a +at#1##0#r o' in'or!ation 'or /i r#ad#r,
Editor- t/#r#'or#- r#4uir# t/#ir r#0ort#r to includ# t/r##
'actor in t/#ir r#0ortin+,
H Aut/#nticit% and Accurac%
H *ood Tat#
H Ma A00#al
2
Lesson 1, Learning Event 2
AUT.ENTI(ITY AND A((URA(Y :: No #t/ical r#0ort#r 3ould 'a"ricat# a
tor%- or !a1# r#ad#r "#li#2# t/at o!#t/in+ /a00#n#d 3/#n it did
not, Additionall%- r#0ort#r o"tain t/#ir 'act and in'or!ation
'ro! t/# !ot cr#di"l# ourc# a2aila"l#- t/u incr#ain+
aut/#nticit% and accurac%, R#0ort#r #nur# t/at t/#ir articl#
ar# !#anin+'ul and in a+r##!#nt 3it/ r#alit%, Error in 'act-
!ita1#- !i+/t "# !ad# "% t/# in#B0#ri#nc#d r#0ort#r, .O>EVER-
T.EY (ANFT =E TOLERATED, Accurac% i an unr#l#ntin+ r#4uir#!#nt-
not onl% "#cau# t/# r#0utation o' t/# r#0ort#r and n#30a0#r ar#
at ta1#- "ut "#cau# t/# r#ad#r d#!and t/# ri+/t to "#li#2# 3/at
/# r#ad,
*OOD TASTE :: *ood r#0ort#r di0la% court#%- +ood tat# and
r#0#ct to3ard and on "#/al' o' t/#ir audi#nc# t/rou+/ t/#ir
3ritin+, T/# r#0ort#rF co0% 3ill a2oid 2ul+ariti# and
o"c#niti#, .i r#0ortin+ 3ill "# n#it/#r callou- nor /ard#n#d
or o"noBiou, &ro'#ional r#0ort#r donFt con'u# co!0l#t#-
o"5#cti2# r#0ortin+ 3it/ cautic or +or% account o' n#3 #2#nt,
MASS A&&EAL :: On# o' t/# "aic 'ac#t o' n#3 i t/at it "# or
3ort/ to i+ni'icant #+!#nt o' t/# audi#nc#, .a A00#al i
co!0ri#d o' 1$ #l#!#nt6 o!#ti!# r#'#rr#d to a t/# GEl#!#nt o'
N#3,G
T.E ELEMENTS O) NE>S
1, IMMEDIA(Y :: Ti!#lin#- a dicu#d a"o2# i an indi0#na"l#
0art o' t/# trai+/t n#3 tor%, >it/out ti!#lin#- t/# n#3
tor% i a /itorical r#cord, In t/# Ar!%- '#3 Journalit 3rit#
'or dail% n#30a0#r, Mot 3rit# 'or 3##1l% or "i3##1l%
0u"lication, T/at !#an "r#a1in+ n#3 3ill o't#n "# /itor% "%
t/# ti!# it can "# 0rint#d in t/#ir 0a0#r, Ar!% 5ournalit ##1
'r#/ an+l#- lat#:"r#a1in+ d#2#lo0!#nt- anal%i o' t/# #2#nt
and t/#ir #''#ct, >/#n uc/ an+l# ar#nFt a2aila"l#- Ar!%
5ournalit tr#at t/# #2#nt in n#3:'#atur# or '#atur# t%l#,
I' t/# 0r# r#0ort t/at (on+r# a00ro2#d a r#cord d#'#n# "ill-
an ar!% n#30a0#r !a% /a2# to 3ait da% or #2#n 3##1 to r#0ort on
it intallationF lic# o' t/# !on#%, >/#n t/i n#3 d#2#lo0!#nt
i a2aila"l# t/# 0a0#r /a a ti!#l% n#3 tor%,
3
Lesson 1, Learning Event 2
2, &ROIIMITY :: N#3 #2#nt !a% occur clo# to r#ad#r in "ot/ t/#
0/%ical and 0%c/olo+ical #n#, T/# !ot i!0ortant 0#ron in t/#
3orld i t/# indi2idual r#ad#r, >rit# a"out 3/at /# t/in1 or
do#- and /i att#ntion i +uarant##d, >rit# a"out /i 'a!il%-
'ri#nd- c/urc/- clu"- /o""i#- car##r or cit% and /i att#ntion
3ill "# ca0tur#d in 2ar%in+ d#+r##, T/# auto!o"il# accid#nt in
'ront o' /i /o!# i !or# i!0ortant t/an on# acro to3n, T/#
accid#nt- in anot/#r tat#- 3/ic/ in2ol2# /i 'a!il% i !or#
i!0ortant t/an t/# on# in 'ront o' /i /o!#,
I' a #r2ic#3id# #2#nt taB# 0lac#- %ou !ut localiA# it ::t#ll /o3
it a''#ct t/# 'ol1 at %our 0ot, I' t/# d#'#n# a00ro0riation
"ill i a00ro2#d in >a/in+ton- D,(,- /o3 3ill it a''#ct t/# "ud+#t
o' %our 0ot? LocaliA#, DonFt 5ut ta1# Gcann#dG !at#rial 'ro!
D#0art!#nt o' D#'#n# or D#0art!#nt o' t/# Ar!% n#3 #r2ic#,
All too o't#n a tor% i ta1#n dir#ctl% 'ro! t/# n#3 #r2ic# and
u#d 3it/out "#in+ localiA#d, Doin+ t/i c/#at t/# r#ad#r, I'
t/# tor% /a an Ar!%:3id# int#r#t it /ould alo /a2# a local
an+l# a 3#ll, )ind it, >rit# a"out it, Ti# it in 3it/ t/# n#3
#r2ic# tor% and 0u"li/ it,
8, (ONSEQUEN(E :: T/# !or# 0#o0l# a''#ct#d "% a n#3 #2#nt t/#
+r#at#r con#4u#nc# it /a 'or t/# r#ad#r/i0, T/# 5ournalitF
5o" i to dico2#r and r#0ort /o3 r#ad#r 3ill "# a''#ct#d- and no3
lon+ t/#% 3ill "# a''#ct#d,
I' t/# 3at#r !ain to on# tr##t o' /ou# "urt- t/# con#4u#nc#
i +r#at 'or t/o# li2in+ on t/# tr##t- "ut n#+li+i"l# 'or t/#
r#t o' %our r#ad#r, Suc/ a tor% !i+/t "# r#0ort#d on t/# inid#
0a+# 3it/ a '#3 /ort 0ara+ra0/,
L#t t/# 0otF c#ntral 3at#r !ain "urt and it con#4u#nc# 3ill
t/ro3 t/# tor% to 0a+# on#,
@, &ROMINEN(E :: >/#n &)( (ruit /a a +all ton# attac1- it /a
littl# n#3 2alu#, L#t t/# a!# t/in+ /a00#n to a 'oot"all
4uart#r"ac1 t/# ni+/t "#'or# /#F to tart in t/# Su0#r "o3l- and
itF n#33ort/%, I' &)( (ruit a% ci+ar#tt# /ould not "# old
in co!!iari#- no on# lit#n, L#t t/# co!!and#r o' t/# Troo0
Su00ort A+#nc% D3/ic/ control co!!iari#E #2#n /int t/at /# i
conid#rin+ uc/ a "an and 0#o0l# 3ant to 1no3 3/at /# aid and 3/%
/# aid it,
4
Lesson 1, Learning Event 2
T/# 0lac# o' a n#3 #2#nt !a% rai# it to 0ro!in#nc#, I' &)(
(ruitF 3i'# /a a "a"% in t/# 0ot /o0ital it /a littl# n#3
2alu#- 0#r/a0 a "irt/ announc#!#nt, I' /# /a t/# "a"% 3/il# on
a tour o' t/# >/it# .ou#- it /a tr#!#ndou n#3 2alu#, Ti!# !a%
alo "rin+ 0ro!in#nc# i' t/# c/ild i t/# 'irt "orn in a n#3 %#ar-
or t/# 'irt "orn in a n#3 /o0ital,
T/#r# i dan+#r in '#aturin+ on# 0ro!in#nt !#!"#r o' an Ar!%
co!!and too o't#n, =# car#'ul a"out o2#r0la%in+ t/# co!!andin+
o''ic#r, Tru#- /# i i!0ortant and /a an in'lu#nc# o2#r #2#r%on#
in t/# co!!and, =ut- i' /# i t/# 'ront 0a+# 0ictur# and tor% in
#2#r% iu#- 0#o0l# 3ill +#t tir#d o' ##in+ /i 'ac# and r#adin+
a"out /i!, In #''#ct- int#ad o' "uildin+ t/# co!!and#rF i!a+#
and 0r##nc# in /i co!!and- uc/ co2#ra+# d#tract, D=uildin+ t/#
co!!and#rF i!a+# i not a 'unction o' Ar!% n#30a0#r, =ut-
0u"lic a''air o''ic#r !ut "# a"l# to #B0lain 3/% uc/ co2#ra+#
o' t/# co!!and#r i not in /i "#t int#r#t,E
It i a "i+ !ita1# to !a1# t/# n#30a0#r a 'lu'' 0i#c# 'or t/#
co!!and#r, ItF "#tt#r to '#atur# %our co!!and#r in t/# n#30a0#r
a an #B0#rt #B0lainin+ i!0ortant co!!and iu#, I' t/# co!!and#r
3ant to u# a 0art o' t/# n#30a0#r a a !#t/od o' tal1in+ to t/#
co!!unit%- #ncoura+# /i! to 3rit# a colu!n or tart an Faction
lin#,G DAction Lin# u# t#l#0/on# an3#rin+ !ac/in# 3/ic/ r#cord
0#o0l#F co!0laint- 4u#tion and co!!#nt, T/# co!!and#r and /i
Fta'' !a1# r#0li# in t/# tandin+ n#30a0#r colu!n,E .# i !or#
#''#cti2# #B0r#in+ /i co!!and 2i#3 in a d#dicat#d 0ot in t/#
0a0#r t/an a a 0art o' #2#r% tor%,
;, SUS&ENSE :: Soldi#r ar# al3a% cau+/t "% t/# u0#n# o'
0ro!otion "oard r#ult- or (on+r#ional conid#ration o' 0a%
rai#, A continuin+ tor% a"out #''ort to locat# a !iin+ c/ild
contain u0#n#,
9, ODDITY :: R#ad#r ar# int#r#t#d in 0#o0l#- ani!al and t/in+
3/ic/ donFt 'it t/# nor!, >/#n 3/al# "#ac/ t/#!#l2# 3it/out
r#aon- t/# oddit% o' t/# act +i2# it n#3 2alu#, =# 3ar% o' t/#
dan+#r in t/i #l#!#nt- t/ou+/, You !ut /a2# +ood tat# not to
#n+a+# in t/# "iAarr# 'or it o3n a1# or !#r#l% 'or /oc1 2alu#,
N#2#r ridicul# 0#o0l#, N#2#r d#0#nd on oddit% to 'ill %our 0a0#r,
7, SEI ::S#B i a touc/% to0ic- "ut it /a a tron+ attraction 'or
r#ad#r, T/# ro!anc# o' &rinc# (/arl# and Lad% Diana i an
#Ba!0l# o' t/# #B #l#!#nt o' n#3, An
5
Lesson 1, Learning Event 3
articl# on t/# 'irt 3o!an to "# #l#ct#d a t/# Ar!%, (/i#' o'
Sta'' 3ould "# tr#n+t/#n#d "% t/# #B #l#!#nt, A tor% a"out t/#
3inn#r o' t/# 0ot 1nittin+ cont#t 3ould "# tr#n+t/#n#d "% t/#
#B #l#!#nt i' t/# 3inn#r i a !an, T/# !iB o' +#nd#r and oddit%
'or! tron+ #B #l#!#nt to n#3, An% dicuion o' 2#n#r#al
di#a#- AIDS- in+l# 0ar#nt/ood- ra0#- 'rat#rniAation and t/#
3/ol# iu# o' 3o!#n in co!"at i "a#d on t/# #l#!#nt o' #B,
<, (ON)LI(T :: S0ort 'all into t/i cat#+or%- a do 3ar and +an+
'i+/t, "ut- con'lict alo 0r#ad into ot/#r ar#a o' li'# uc/
a 0#o0l# o00oin+ rat# /i1# in t/#ir t#l#0/on# "ill- or
ar+u!#nt a"out 3/#t/#r !o1in+ /ould "# "ann#d 'ro! 0u"lic ar#a,
C, EMOTION :: >/#n t/# 0ac# /uttl# (/all#n+#r #B0lod#d t/#
#!otion 3a tra+#d%, >/#n t/# 'irt !an t#00#d on t/# !oon t/#
#!otion 3a #lation, >/#n 0#ac# ca!# at t/# #nd o' >orld >ar Il
t/# #!otion 3a Ju"ilation, >/#n a 'a!il% di# in a /ou# 'ir# and
a 'at/#r 3atc/# in tra+ic /#l0l#n# t/# #!otion i orro3 and
#!0at/%, &#o0l# ar# int#r#t#d- and 3ant to o!#/o3 /ar#- in t/#
dra!a o' li'#,
1$, &RO*RESS :: &ro+r# 'acinat# 0#o0l#, R#ad#r al3a% 3ant
to ## 3/at n#3 t#c/nolo+i# ar# doin+ to i!0ro2# #2#r%da% li'#,
N#3 3#a0on %t#! and trainin+ d#2ic# and n#3 u# 'or co!0ut#r
ar# al3a% "#in+ introduc#d to t/# Ar!%, Ta1# ad2anta+# o' t/##
ad2anc#!#nt and 3rit# a"out t/#! 'or %our r#ad#r, Ta1# t/# ti!#
to #B0lain /o3 t/## ad2anc#!#nt i!0ro2# t/# 4ualit% o' li'# or
t/# a"ilit% to 0#r'or! t/# !iion, &ro+r# can alo "J
ac/i#2#!#nt in nucl#ar ar! r#duction- ci2il ri+/t- #tc,
T/# do!inant #l#!#nt o' n#3 i o't#n call#d Gt/# N#3 &#+ or
An+i#,G Onc# t/# 3rit#r anal%A# a n#3 #2#nt 'or it
n#33ort/in#- /# 3ill 3ant to d#t#r!in# 3/ic/ #l#!#nt 3it/in t/#
tor% i !ot i!0ortant, T/at #l#!#nt "#co!# /i n#3 0#+,
.o3#2#r- t/## #l#!#nt o' n#3 ar# not ind#0#nd#nt or #Bclui2# o'
#ac/ ot/#r, T/#% int#rt3in# and u00ort #ac/ ot/#r, It i
di''icult to u# t/#! #0arat#l%,
NE>S IN T.E ARMY (OMMUNITY
N#3 Ar!% 5ournalit ar# o't#n con'u#d a"out t/#ir rol# in t/#
Ar!% co!!unit%, Mot ar# 'a!iliar 3it/ t/#ir n#30a0#r "ac1 /o!#,
T/#% ar# u#d to t/# ci2ilian r#0ort#r in2#ti+atin+ :: or
r#0ortin+ on t/# in2#ti+ation o' ::
6
Lesson 1, Learning Event 4
'raud- 3at# or a"u# in t/# local- count% or tat# +o2#rn!#nt,
Arri2in+ at t/#ir 'irt 0ot t/#% 'ind a co!!unit% 3/ic/ ##! to
"# o!#3/at i!ilar to t/at o' t/#ir /o!#to3n, T/# 0ot co!!and#r
##! to "# t/# !a%or- and t/# 0ro2ot !ar/al r#0r##nt t/# c/i#'
o' 0olic#, T/# co!!and#rF ta'' 'ill t/# r#t o' t/# +o2#rn!#nt
0oition, T/#r# ar# c/ool- tor#- "uin## and r#cr#ational
#r2ic#,
=ut- Ar!% 5ournalit !ut l#arn t/at t/# co!!and#r i not o !uc/
a F!a%or a /# i t/# 0r#id#nt o' a co!0an%, And t/# Ar!%
co!!unit% i r#all% !uc/ li1# a co!0an% to3n, T/# MOST IM&ORTANT
tact t/at an Ar!% Journalit !ut l#arn i t/at /# 3rit# 'or an
in:/ou# 0u"lication- not a 0u"lic or 0ri2at# n#30a0#r, /# i not
'r## to in2#ti+at# t/# co!!and#r D!a%orE or to 0u"li/ t/#
co!!and#rK 'ault to t/# r#t o' t/# co!!unit%, T/# co!!unit% /a
not #l#ct#d t/# co!!and#r, .# #r2# at t/# dicr#tion and t/#
dir#ction o' t/# &r#id#nt o' t/# Unit#d Stat# t/rou+/ t/#
D#0art!#nt o' D#'#n# c/ain or co!!and, T/# o"5#ct o' Ar!%
n#30a0#r i not to "# a 3atc/do+ or o2#r##r o' 3/at t/# local
co!!and D+o2#rn!#ntE do#,
T/# o"5#ct o' Ar!% n#30a0#r i to #n/anc#
!oral#- to incr#a# r#adin# and
0roducti2it%- to "# t/# 2oic# o' t/#
co!!and#r to /i co!!unit%- and to in'or!-
#ducat# and #nt#rtain int#rnal audi#nc#,
Ar!% 5ournalit ar# u"5#ct to t/# Uni'or! (od# o' Militar%
Jutic# DU(MJE, T/# Ar!% 5ournalit 3/o cr#at# tur!oil- or 3/o
diru0t co!!and aut/orit% and dici0lin# !a% "# c/ar+#d and tri#d
und#r t/# U(MJ,
RE(O*NILIN* UNIT AND (OMMUNITY NE>S&A&ERS
T/# 'ocu o' Ar!% n#30a0#r !a% di''#r 'ro! 0ot to 0ot d#0#ndin+
u0on !iion r#4uir#!#nt and t/# d#ir# o' t/# co!!and#r,
)or intanc#- at 0ot 3/#r# tactical unit ar# t/# !a5or
acti2iti#- n#30a0#r !a% "# unit or !iion:ori#nt#d- /#nc# t/#
t#r! Gunit n#30a0#r,G T/# cont#nt o' t/## 0a0#r !a% "# /#a2il%
3#i+/t#d 3it/ articl# conc#rnin+ unit trainin+- l#ad#r/i0
d#2#lo0!#nt and t/# 0lac# o' local unit in t/# Total )orc#,
7
Lesson 1, Learning Event 4
Unit n#30a0#r tri2# to #n/anc# !oral# "% r#co+niAin+ indi2idual
and unit acco!0li/!#nt, T/#% !a% alo "# u#d a t#ac/in+ tool
uin+ tandin+ colu!n in #ac/ iu# to d#cri"# 'ri#ndl% and
t/r#at 2#/icl# and aircra't, So!# co!!unit% n#3 3ill "# co2#r#d-
"ut unit n#3 3ill occu0% +r#at#r a!ount o' 0ac# and t/# !or#
0ro!in#nt #ction o' t/# n#30a0#r,
(o!!unit% n#30a0#r ar# +#n#rall% 'ound at 0ot t/at ar#
0ri!aril% /#ad4uart#r or ad!initrati2# in natur#, A !a5or
o"5#cti2# o' co!!unit% n#30a0#r i to d#2#lo0 a #n# o'
co!!unit% and 0ro2id# 'a!ili# 3it/ in'or!ation conc#rnin+ t/#ir
ocial and #nt#rtain!#nt n##d- and t/# co!!unit% u00ort and
#r2ic# acti2iti#,
No Ar!% n#30a0#r /ould "# 3/oll% unit: or co!!unit%: ori#nt#d,
>/il# t/# 0ri!ar% int#rnal audi#nc# includ# oldi#r and
D#0art!#nt o' t/# Ar!% ci2ilian- t/# total audi#nc# alo includ#
'a!il% !#!"#r- r#tir##- >#t &oint and ROT( cad#t- and ot/#r,
N#30a0#r co2#ra+# /ould "# "alanc#d- co2#rin+ t/# n##d o' it
total audi#nc# a d#t#r!in#d "% n#30a0#r r#ad#r/i0 ur2#% and
'ocu +rou0 int#r2i#3,
*OVERNIN* REQUIREMENTS
SE(URITY : O0#rational #curit%- t/# a'#t% and #curit% o'
t/# Unit#d Stat#- it citiA#n and oldi#r- and it 0ro0#rt%
!ut "# t/# 'irt conc#rn o' all oldi#r- includin+ Ar!%
5ournalit, DonFt u# !at#rial- art3or1- or 0/oto+ra0/
3/ic/ could da!a+# t/at #curit%, R#0ort #curit% 0ro"l#!
i!!#diat#l%,
A((URA(Y : Accurac% +i2# t/# 5ournalit and /i n#30a0#r
cr#di"ilit%- t/# onl% co!!odit% t/#% /a2# to ot/#r t/# 0u"lic,
Al3a% "# ri+/t, N#2#r !i0#ll a na!#, Al3a% "# tactuall%
corr#ct,
&RO&RIETY : A2oid +or%- +ru#o!#- and +rot#4u# 3ritin+, U#
+ood tat# and "# #niti2# to %our r#ad#r/i0, T#ll t/#
tor% trai+/t and a2oid ditat#'ul ad5#cti2# and ad2#r",
&OLI(Y : Kno3 t/# Ar!% 0u"lic a''air 0olic% 2ariou u"5#ct
uc/ a accid#nt r#0ortin+- nucl#ar and c/#!ical accid#nt-
and count#rt#rrori!, DonFt 2iolat# #ta"li/#d co!!and or
ar!%:3id# 0olic%,
8
&RA(TI(E EIER(ISE
LESSON NO, 1
INTRODU(TION TO JOURNALISM
SU=(OURSE NO, DI$2$$
INSTRU(TIONS7
R#2i#3 t/# !at#rial in t/i l#on, An3#r t/# 4u#tion "#lo3 "%
circlin+ GTG or G)F n#Bt to #ac/ 4u#tion, (o!0ar# %our an3#r
3it/ t/# an3#r 1#% on t/# n#Bt 0a+#, Enur# t/at %ou und#rtand
t/# l#on !at#rial and an3#r "#'or# 0roc##din+ to t/# n#Bt
l#on,
T ) 1, An #2#nt !ut "# r#0ort#d to "# n#3,
T ) 2, Articl# !ut includ# co!0l#t# +ra0/ic account o'
accid#nt to !##t t/# r#4uir#!#nt o' aut/#nticit% and
accurac%,
T ) 8, T/# #l#!#nt o' n#3 o0#rat# ind#0#nd#nt o' #ac/ ot/#r,
T ) @, An indi0#na"l# #l#!#nt o' n#3 in a trai+/t n#3
tor% i t/# #l#!#nt o' i!!#diac%,
T ) ;, Ar!% 5ournalit !a% "# u"5#ct to dici0lin# und#r t/#
U(MJ 'or articl# t/#% 3rit#,
9
ANS>ER KEY
&RA(TI(E EIER(ISE
LESSON NO, 1
>.AT IS NE>S?
SU=(OURSE NO, DI$2$$
1, TRUE &A*E 2- &ARA ;
2, )ALSE &A*E 8- &ARA 2
8, )ALSE &A*E 9- &ARA @
@, TRUE &A*E 8- &ARA @
;, TRUE &A*E 7- &ARA 8
10
Lesson 2, Learning Event 1
>.AT MAKES A *OOD JOURNALIST?
Journali! inFt an <:to:; 5o", T/# a0irin+ 5ournalit 3ill 'ind
/i!#l' 3or1in+ lon+ /our to d#2#lo0 /i tor%, At 'irt #ac/
3ord !a% "# #Btract#d and 0lac#d on 0a0#r 3it/ +r#at anBi#t%,
T/#r# i no #a% road to 3ritin+ 3#ll, It ta1# ti!# and 0ractic#,
Additionall%- !an% n#33ort/% #2#nt donFt occur durin+ nor!al
Gdut%G /our, T/# #ditor !a% ai+n a r#0ort#r to co2#r an #2#nin+
#2#nt, Or- t/# r#0ort#r !a% "# ai+n#d a "#at and 'ind a
n#33ort/% #2#nt t/at 3ill 1##0 /i! 0at Gcloin+G ti!#, S0ort
uuall% ta1# 0lac# a't#r nor!al 3or1 /our,
Ar!% and ci2ilian r#0ort#r ali1# !a% /a2# 0#ci'i#d 3or1 /our,
T/#% ar# n#2#rt/#l# #B0#ct#d to 3or1 at 3/at#2#r /our t/#
n#33ort/% #2#nt ta1# 0lac#,
Journali! r#4uir# a co!!it!#nt o' ti!# ::ti!# to 3or1- ti!# to
3rit# and ti!# to 0oli/ and i!0ro2# 1ill, It r#4uir#
d#dication to t/# cra't o' 3ritin+- and to t/# ta1 o' in'or!in+-
#ducatin+ and #nt#rtainin+ t/# audi#nc#,
Militar% n#30a0#r ar# notoriou 'or "#in+ /ort:ta''#d, T/# n#3
5ournalit 3ill 0ro+r# !or# ra0idl% i' /# u# initiati2# to 'ind
and 3rit# !or# t/an /i #ditor ai+n, A 0ro'#ional 5ournalit
3ill not it "% and r#laB a d#adlin# n#ar i!0l% "#cau# /i
tori# ar# don#, .# 3ill /#l0 'ini/ t/# 0roduct 'or t/# 0rintin+
0roc#,
A a r#0ort#r !o2# t/rou+/ /i dail% routin#- 3/#t/#r on /i "#at
or o'':dut%- /# 3ill "# 0#rc#0ti2#- in4uirin+ and o"#r2ant o' /i
#n2iron!#nt, .i contant 4u#tion !ut "#7 G>/at i /a00#nin+?G-
G>/o i doin+ it?G and G>/%?G
So- 3/#n a /ot air "alloon i 'orc#d to land n#Bt to t/# r#0ort#rF
/o!# in a 0ot /ouin+ ar#a- t/# r#0ort#r /ould +#t 0/oto+ra0/
and int#r2i#3 t/# "alloonit,
>/#n a r#0ort#r ## a ru+"% !atc/- and t/# n#30a0#r ta'' do#nFt
#2#n 1no3 t/# 0ot 0onor a ru+"% t#a!- t/# r#0ort#r /ould
+at/#r t/# ##ntial 'act and 0/oto+ra0/,
Notic# t/at in t/# a"o2# t3o #Ba!0l# t/# r#0ort#r i doin+ t/#
0/oto+ra0/%, Unli1# !an% ci2ilian 0a0#r 3/ic/ #!0lo%
0/oto+ra0/#r and 3rit#r- t/# Ar!% n#30a0#r 3ill #ldo! /a2# a
0/oto+ra0/#r ai+n#d, And- 3/#n Ar!% Si+nal (or0
11
Lesson 2, Learning Event 2
0/oto+ra0/#r ar# a2aila"l# 'ro! 0ot 0/oto la" t/#% ar# too o't#n
una"l# to 0ro2id# 0/oto+ra0/ic 0rint in ti!# 'or d#adlin#,
T/#r#'or#- t/# Ar!% 5ournalit !ut l#arn to do /i o3n 0/oto+ra0/%
and 'il! and 0rint 0roc#in+, T/i r#4uir# a !uc/ 0ractic# a
3ritin+, It alo !#an t/# r#0ort#rF ca!#ra /ould "# contantl%
a2aila"l# 'or t/# un#B0#ct#d tor%, =ut- t/i 1ind o' #Btra 3or1
0a% di2id#nd7 T/# 0a0#r i !or# co!0r#/#ni2# and t/# r#ad#r i
"#tt#r in'or!#d,
No on# can 3rit# int#lli+#ntl% a"out an% to0ic unl# t/#% /a2#
r##arc/#d it, )at:"r#a1in+ n#3 tori# l#a2# littl# ti!# 'or
"ac1+round r##arc/- "ut t/# r#0ort#r !ut 'ind and r#0ort t/#
'act, .o3#2#r- 3/#n a r#0ort#r i ai+n#d to co2#r a 0##c/ or
!##tin+ /# can c/#c1 into t/# "ac1+round o' t/# 0#a1#r- t/#
0ur0o# o' t/# 0##c/ and t/# r#ult and to0ic o' 0rior !##tin+,
An #nt#r0riin+ r#0ort#r !i+/t arran+# to +#t an ad2anc# co0% o'
t/# 0##c/ o /# can "# !or# a3ar# o' /o3 t/# 0##c/ i d#li2#r#d,
Ind##d- t/# r#0ort#r can 3rit# !uc/ o' t/# tor% 0rior to t/#
actual 0##c/, R#0ort#r !ut "# cautiou- /o3#2#r- 'or t/#
0#a1#r 3/o dicard /i 0##c/ 'or anot/#r- or 'or 0#a1#r 3/o
!a1# i!0ortant i!0ro!0tu r#!ar1 durin+ t/# cour# o' t/#ir
0##c/#,
T.E )UN(TION O) ARMY JOURNALISTS,
A dicu#d 0r#2ioul%- Ar!% 5ournalit ar# in2ol2#d in 3ritin+
'or int#rnal Ar!% audi#nc#, T/# 0ri!ar% int#rnal or co!!and
in'or!ation audi#nc# ar# oldi#r and DA ci2ilian #!0lo%##,
Militar% 'a!il% !#!"#r- r#tir##- and >#t &oint and R##r2#
O''ic#r Trainin+ (or0 cad#t 'or! "road#r i+ni'icant audi#nc#,
O2#r#a- t/# 'a!il% !#!"#r o' DA ci2ilian- local national
#!0lo%## and contract #!0lo%## add to t/# int#rnal audi#nc#,
Al!ot #2#r% Ar!% 5ournalit 3ill 3rit# 'or t/## int#rnal 0u"lic
o!#ti!# in /i car##r,
So!# Ar!% 5ournalit 3ill 3rit# 'or #Bt#rnal Gci2ilianG audi#nc#,
T/## !a% includ# local- tat#- national or int#rnational 0u"lic,
Mot o't#n uc/ 3ritin+ i #nt to t/# ci2ilian n#3 !#dia 3/o
a# it n#33ort/in# and it 0lac#!#nt in t/#ir n#30a0#r and
!a+aAin#- or in radio and t#l#2iion "roadcat,
12
Lesson 2, Learning Event 2
&r#0arin+ an articl# 'or #Bt#rnal n#3 !#dia !a% !#an G3ritin+G it
#2#ral ti!# to 'it t/# 3ritin+ and 'or!at t%l# o' t/# 2ariou
!#diu! and t/# di''#r#nc# "#t3##n n#3 or+aniAation uin+ t/#
a!# !#diu!,
Additionall%- 3/#t/#r 3ritin+ 'or int#rnal or #Bt#rnal r#l#a# t/#
Ar!% 5ournalit !a% "# 3ritin+ /ard n#3- 0ort or accid#nt
tori#- /# !a% alo 3rit# '#atur# tori# or #ditorial, In o!#
ca# t/# Ar!% 5ournalit 3ill 'ind /i!#l' r##arc/in+ and 3ritin+
0##c/# 'or t/# co!!and#r, All o' t/## t%0# o' 3ritin+ r#4uir#
di''#r#nt t%l# o' 3ritin+- 3it/ t/#ir o3n uni4u# r#4uir#!#nt,
In 3ritin+ n#3- 0ort and accid#nt tori#- t/# 3rit#r u#
Gin2#rt#d 0%ra!idG to 'or!at /i co0%, T/# in2#rt#d 0%ra!id i a
!#t/od o' 0ro2idin+ t/# !ot i!0ortant 'act o' t/# tor% 'irt,
T/# l#at i!0ortant 'act co!# lat, T/# 3rit#r 0lac# all
##ntial 'act in t/# 'irt 0ara+ra0/, =ut- #2#n t/#n t/#r# ar#
#0arat# r#4uir#!#nt "#t3##n t/## t%0# o' tori#,
In '#atur# 3ritin+ t/# 3rit#r i 'r##r to d#2#lo0 /i u"5#ct6
#ditorial 3ritin+ allo3 t/# 3rit#r an o00ortunit% to in'lu#nc# /i
audi#nc#,
S0##c/ 3ritin+ i in a cat#+or%- all it o3n,
=ut- Ar!% 5ournalit !ut "# !or# t/an cra't#d 3rit#r- 'or it i
not i!0l% t/#ir 5o" to 0u"li/ in'or!ation,
A dicu#d in 0r#2iou u"cour#- no co!!and#r i a"l# to do
#2#r%t/in+ /i!#l', (o!!and#r #ldo! !a1# d#ciion 0rior to
o"tainin+ t/# ad2ic# o' t/#ir 0#cialit, T/# co!!and#rF
0#cialit in co!!unicatin+ 3it/ int#rnal and #Bt#rnal audi#nc# i
/i 0u"lic a''air o''ic#r D&AOE, T/# &AO in turn d#0#nd on /i
ta'' to ad2i# /i!- to +at/#r in'or!ation- #2aluat# 0u"lic
und#rtandin+ o' and attitud# to3ard t/# co!!and- and to 0ro2id#
'##d"ac1 'ro! t/# 0u"lic to t/# &AO and t/# co!!and#r, T/i
'##d"ac1 and ad2ic# ar# i!0ortant tool 'or "ot/ t/# &AO and t/#
co!!and#r in acco!0li/in+ t/# unit !iion,
ARMY NE>S&A&ER O&ERATIONS
T/# or+aniAation o' t/# id#al Ar!% n#30a0#r ta'' i
di''icult to d#cri"#- not onl% "#cau# n##d ar# d#0#nd#nt
on 0o0ulation- "ut alo "#cau# !iion 2ar%,
13
Lesson 2, Learning Event 3
At !%t/ical )ort =oton- a cor0 /#ad4uart#r alo #r2# a t/#
0ot /#ad4uart#r, An ar!or#d di2iion i t/# !a5or tactical unit
on 0ot, T/#r# ar# n#arl% 1<-$$$ oldi#r and 9-$$$ DA ci2ilian
#!0lo%##- a 3#ll a 8$-$$$ Ar!% 'a!il% !#!"#r, T/#r# ar# t/r##
#l#!#ntar% c/ool- a 5unior and a #nior /i+/ c/ool on 0ot,
Id#all%- an #ditor !i+/t /o0# to /a2# 'our or 'i2# 5ournalit
3or1in+ 2ariou "#at- 3it/ anot/#r t3o co2#rin+ 0ort, T/##
5ournalit !i+/t alo ait t/# #ditor in la%out- 0at#u0 and
0roo'r#adin+, T/#% ar# #ac/ r#0oni"l# 'or t/#ir o3n 0/oto+ra0/%,
Id#all%- ot/#r &A ta'' #ction ar# ta''#d u''ici#ntl% to li!it
additional r#4uir#!#nt on t/# n#30a0#r ta'',
In r#alit%- t/# n#30a0#r ta'' !a% conit o' t3o or t/r## 0#o0l#
3/o occaionall% alo 'ill t/# r#4uir#!#nt o' 0u"lic in'or!ation
and co!!unit% r#lation #ction, T/# #ditor in t/i ituation
3ill n##d to #ta"li/ a trin+#r %t#!, A trin+#r i a non:
5ournalit 3/o +at/#r t/# ##ntial 'act a"out o!#t/in+ /i unit
or or+aniAation do# and 0ro2id# t/i in'or!ation to t/# #ditor or
an ai+n#d r#0ort#r, Strin+#r %t#! 3ill "# dicu#d in
anot/#r u"cour#, T/# Ar!% 5ournalit !a% alo "# r#0oni"l# 'or
ditri"ution o' t/# n#30a0#r,
T#a!3or1 and 0#ronal initiati2# ar# critical i' a 4ualit%
n#30a0#r i to "# 0u"li/#d, Not/in+ /ort o' lon+ /our and
d#dication 3ill 0roduc# a n#30a0#r 'ill#d 3it/ t/# n#3 and
in'or!ation t/# Ar!% audi#nc# d##r2# and n##d,
D#ciion Ma1in+
No n#30a0#r r#0ort#r- ci2ilian or !ilitar%- i #2#r t/# 'inal
ar"it#r o' 3/at 3ill a00#ar in 0rint, So!#ti!# r#0ort#r ar#
ai+n#d tori# t/#% 3ould rat/#r not do- or in 3/ic/ t/#% /a2# no
int#r#t, T/# d#ciion inFt t/#ir, Si!ilarl%- a 3rit#rF co0%
i u"5#ct to #ditin+ and r#3ritin+ und#r t/# #ditorF 0#n,
(/an+# ar# to "# #B0#ct#d, In2aria"l% t/#% l#ad to "#tt#r
tori#,
Ulti!at#l%- t/# co!!and#r /a r#0oni"ilit% 'or 3/at i 0u"li/#d
in /i n#30a0#r, It i /i ri+/t to r#2i#3 all co0% "#'or# it
+o# to t/# t%0##tt#r, Mot &AO and #ditor act r#0oni"l%
#nou+/ t/at co!!and#r a1 onl% to D# "ri#'#d on t/# n#30a0#rF
cont#nt6 o!#ti!# ::onl% 3/#n a contro2#rial or #niti2# to0ic
3ill "# 0u"li/#d,
14
Lesson 2, Learning Event 4
Mot &AO r#2i#3 all co0% "#'or# it +o# to t/# co!!and#r or t/#
t%0##tt#r, R#!#!"#r t/at t/# &AO /a acc# to in'or!ation and
ituation a"out 3/ic/ /i ta'' !a% "# una3ar#, .# !a% G1illG a
tor% "a#d on t/at in'or!ation, Alt/ou+/ t/i can "# 'rutratin+-
it !a% /a00#n 'ro! ti!# to ti!#, *ood &AO donFt a"u# t/i
aut/orit%, T/#% ar# co!!itt#d to G0ro2idin+ a 'r## 'lo3 o' +#n#ral
n#3 and in'or!ationG to t/# Ar!% co!!unit%,
>/il# co!!and#r and &AO !a% "# conid#r#d o3n#r and #B#cuti2#
#ditor o' Ar!% n#30a0#r- t/# #ditor 'ill t/# a!#
r#0oni"iliti# a /i ci2ilian count#r0art, Editor d#t#r!in#
t/# cont#nt o' t/#ir n#30a0#r- t/#% criti4u# t/# 3ritin+ t%l# o'
t/#ir 3rit#r- t/#% #2aluat# tori# 'or co!0l#t#n#- accurac% and
n#3 2alu#- and t/#% d#t#r!in# i' on# 3rit#r /a ta1#n t/# "#t
a00roac/ to /i ai+n!#nt,
T/# da%:in- da%:out 3or1 o' 0r#0arin+ a n#30a0#r i uuall%
/andl#d "% a G!ana+in+ #ditorG 3/o !a% "# a !id:l#2#l N(O- a DA
ci2ilian or t/# co!!and in'or!ation o''ic#r 'ro! t/# 0u"lic a''air
/o0, T/i indi2idual i ait#d "% on# or !or# r#0ort#r and
u":#ditor- d#0#ndin+ on t/# iA# o' t/# n#30a0#r,
It i t/# #ditorF 5o" to ti+/t#n u0 3ritin+- to #li!inat#
r#dundanc%- to incr#a# clarit%- and to #nur# accurac%, No 3rit#r
o' an% ran1 or #B0#ri#nc# /ould #B0#ct to #ca0# t/# #ditorF
0#ncil, E2#r%on# can "#n#'it 'ro! co0%#ditin+, >rit#r !ut
co0%#dit t/#ir o3n !at#rial and #ditor !ut alo co0%#dit t/# a!#
articl#, E2#n #ditor /ould /a2# o!#on# #l# co0%#dit t/#ir o3n
3ritin+,
MILITARY TRAININ* AND ADDITIONAL DUTIES
(/ar+# or 4uart#r- /#adcount- +uard dut%- r#action 0latoon-
0ro!otion "oard- co!0an% !oral# council- and N=( t#a! duti# ar#
onl% o!# o' t/# additional duti# #B0#ct#d o' oldi#r, So!#
#ditor !a% "# #B#!0t#d 'ro! t/## duti# "% co!!and#r6 ot/#r
3ill not, It 3ould "# di''icult to 5uti'% #B#!0tin+ ot/#r Ar!%
5ournalit on a continuin+ "ai,
T/#r# !a% "# c#r#!oni# 3/#n t/# #ntir# co!0an% i to tand
in0#ction and 0a in r#2i#3, T/# &AO /a +r#at 5uti'ication 'or
a1in+ t/# co!!and#r to #B#!0t /i Ar!% 5ournalit 'ro! t/#
c#r#!on% "#cau# t/#% 3ill "# ot/#r3i#
15
Lesson 2, Learning Event 4
in2ol2#d in t/# c#r#!on%, K##0 r#4u#t 'or #B#!0tion to dut% at a
!ini!u! and /a2# ad#4uat# 'unctional 5uti'ication 0r#0ar#d 3/#n
%ou !a1# t/## r#4u#t,
Militar% 5ournalit /ould n#2#r n#+l#ct nor att#!0t to +#t out o'
!ilitar% trainin+, R#4u#t !a% "# !ad# to d#la% trainin+ 3/#n it
int#rru0t d#adlin# and 0at#u0M0roo'r#adin+ r#4uir#!#nt- "ut
trainin+ !ut "# !ad# u0,
A t/orou+/ und#rtandin+ o' co!!on oldi#rin+ ta1 i ##ntial-
not onl% o 5ournalit can 0a t/# (o!!on Ta1 T#t- "ut "#cau#
t/#% ar# oldi#r 'irt,
Militar% 5ournalit- in ti!# o' con'lict- !a% 'ind t/#!#l2#
tra2#lin+ t/rou+/out t/#ir co!!andF ar#a o' o0#ration 3ritin+
a"out t/# oldi#r and unit in t/# co!!and, T/#% 3ill 0#nd a lot
o' ti!# a3a% 'ro! t/# dir#ct u0#r2iion and control o' #ditor and
#nior nonco!!iion#d o''ic#r, T/#% !ut 1no3 /o3 to u# a
co!0a- r#ad a !a0- di+ d#'#ni2# 0oition- u# ca!ou'la+# and
r#act to N=( /aAard,
T/## a!# 5ournalit !a% "# u#d to #cort n#3 !#dia and !ut "#
a"l# to +#t t/#! 3/#r# t/#% n##d to "#, T/#% alo n##d to 1no3 /o3
to 0rot#ct t/# ci2ilian !#dia, Journalit /ould "# a!on+ t/#
!ot t/orou+/l% train#d- !ot 0/%icall% 'it oldi#r in t/#
co!!and, Mor# and !or#- a di2iion "#co!# incr#ain+l% li+/t-
t/# 5ournalit !ut "# a"l# to 1##0 u0 3it/ t/# 0/%ical ri+or o'
t/# oldi#r /# r#0ort on,
DonFt i+nor# !ilitar% trainin+,
16
&RA(TI(E EIER(ISE
LESSON NO, 2
>.AT MAKES A *OOD JOURNALIST?
SU=(OURSE NO, DI$2$$
T ) 1, Ar!% 5ournalit !a% /a2# 3or1 /our i!ilar to t/#ir
ci2ilian count#r0art,
T ) 2, Ar!% 5ournalit !ut "# a"l# to d#2#lo0 t/#ir o3n 'il!,
T ) 8, Mot Ar!% n#30a0#r ar# 3#ll ta''#d,
T ) @, Editor can d#cid# not to u# a r#0ort#rF tor%,
T ) ;, Ar!% 5ournalit /ould "# #B#!0t 'ro! dut% rot#r,
17
ANS>ER KEY
&RA(TI(E EIER(ISE
LESSON NO, 2
>.AT MAKES A *OOD JOURNALIST?
SU=(OURSE NO, DI$2$$
1, TRUE &A*E 11- &ARA 8
2, TRUE &A*E 11:12- &ARA C
8, )ALSE &A*E 11- &ARA ;
@, TRUE &A*E 1@- &ARA ;
;, )ALSE &A*E 1;- &ARA ;:9
18
Lesson 3, Learning Event 1
*AT.ERIN* T.E NE>S
T/# D#0art!#nt o' D#'#n# GStar and Stri0#G &aci'ic and Euro0#an
#dition and t/# Ar!%F Sout/#rn (o!!and N#3 in &ana!a ar# t/#
onl% !ilitar% 0a0#r 3/ic/ routin#l% co2#r national and
int#rnational n#3, Mot Ar!% n#30a0#r d#al 3it/ local and
!ilitar% n#3 3/ic/ a''#ct t/#ir 0ot- co!!unit% or l#ad#r/i0,
Ar!% n#30a0#r ar# 0ro/i"it#d 'ro! 0u"li/in+ articl# 3/ic/
conc#rn 0artian 0olitic, >rit#r /ould "#co!# 'a!iliar 3it/ t/#
r#4uir#!#nt and r#triction o' Ar!% R#+ulation 89$:<1- (o!!and
In'or!ation &ro+ra!,
T/#r# ar# #2#ral !#t/od o' #nurin+ t/at t/# n#30a0#r co2#r all
#+!#nt o' t/# co!!unit%,
T.E =EAT SYSTEM
Editor !a% ai+n r#0ort#r in a "#at %t#!, =#at %t#! !a% "#
#it/#r +#o+ra0/ical or 'unctional in natur#, )or intanc#- a
r#0ort#r !a% "# ai+n#d to co2#r #2#r%t/in+ 3/ic/ /a00#n in t/#
2nd =ri+ad# ar#a, T/i i a +#o+ra0/ical "#at, Or- a r#0ort#r !a%
"# ai+n#d to co2#r an%t/in+ r#lat#d to /ouin+- "arrac1 and
contruction ::a 'unctional "#at, Eac/ r#0ort#r "#co!# 'a!iliar
3it/ t/# 0#ronn#l and t/# n#3 ourc# in /i ar#a and 2iit t/#!
r#+ularl% to 'ind out 3/at /a /a00#n#d or 3/at i 0lann#d,
It !a% "# n#c#ar% to #t u0 0#cial "#at %t#! to co2#r lar+#
or co!0l#B #2#nt, )or #Ba!0l#- an Ar!#d )orc# Da% !a% r#4uir# a
0#cial "#at %t#! 'or #2#ral da% 0r#c#din+- durin+ and a't#r
t/# #2#nt,
T/# 1#% to a ucc#'ul "#at %t#! ar# d#0#nda"ilit% and a
0#rona"l# attitud#, A d#0#nda"l# r#0ort#r +#t to 1no3 /i n#3
ourc# and 2iit t/#! r#+ularl%, I' a r#0ort#r i ai+n#d to
co2#r 0ot trainin+ acti2iti#- /# /ould "#co!# ac4uaint#d 3it/
t/# 0ot or unit *:8 ta'' and 3it/ t/# trainin+ o''ic#r and
nonco!!iion#d o''ic# o' t/# !a5or u"ordinat# unit, .# /ould
arran+# a con2#ni#nt ti!# 'or 2iitin+ t/## 0#o0l# and 1##0
a00oint!#nt 'ait/'ull%, >/#n /# do#- /i 2iit 3ill "#
antici0at#d and /i ourc# !a% /a2# in'or!ation 0r#0ar#d 'or /i!
in ad2anc#,
A 0#rona"l# attitud# i i!0ortant "#cau# t/# r#0ort#r 3/o
anta+oniA# /i ourc#- #it/#r "% /i "#/a2ior or a00#aranc#- i
cuttin+ /i o3n t/roat, T/# r#0ort#rF 5o" i
19
Lesson 3, Learning Event 1
to d#2#lo0 contact 3/o 3ill l#ad /i! to n#33ort/% #2#nt- not to
dicoura+# 0#o0l# 'ro! tal1in+ to /i!, T/# r#0ort#r /ould al3a%
"# 0olit#- 0unctual- n#at- and /# /ould di0la% 0ro0#r !ilitar%
court#%,
Editor !i+/t u# a co!"ination o' +#o+ra0/ical and 'unctional
Do!#ti!# call#d u"5#ctE "#at, T/# 1#% i to 'iB r#0oni"ilit%
on t/# 3rit#r to #nur# ad#4uat#- "alanc#d r#0ortin+ on all
a0#ct o' t/# !ilitar% co!!unit%,
Editor !a% alo co!"in# t/# "#at %t#! 3it/ 0#cial ai+n!#nt-
or t/#% !a% o0#rat# t/#ir n#3+at/#rin+ %t#! on a trai+/t
ai+n!#nt "ai onl%, A r#0ort#r !i+/t "# +i2#n a +#n#ral
ai+n!#nt to ## 3/at t/# 2nd =ri+ad# i doin+ t/i 3##1, Or- /#
!i+/t "# +i2#n a 0#cial ai+n!#nt to co2#r t/# 'irt A"ra! tan1
"#in+ d#li2#r#d to t/# 2nd =ri+ad#,
To #nur# t/at r#0oni"ilit% 'or an ai+n!#nt /a "##n 0lac#d on
t/# r#0ort#r- and to 0a alon+ t/# ##ntial coordinatin+
intruction to t/# r#0ort#r- #ditor /ould u# ai+n!#nt /##t,
T/# ai+n!#nt /##t DS## )i+ur# 8:1E indicat# t/# to0ic- 0oi"l#
0oint o' contact- 1no3n in'or!ation a"out t/# #2#nt- a u++#t#d
lu+ Dt/# ad!initrati2# titl# o' t/# articl# u#d in trac1in+ t/#
articl# t/rou+/ t/# 0roduction 0/a# o' 0u"licationE- and t/#
d#adlin#, T/# ai+n!#nt /##t !a% "# a 0r#0rint#d 'or! or it can
"# a li0 o' 0a0#r torn 'ro! a not#"oo1, =ot/ t/# #ditor and t/#
5ournalit /ould /a2# a co0% o' t/# ai+n!#nt /##t,
R#+ardl# o' 3/ic/ %t#! i u#d- #ditor /ould NOT r#train t/#
initiati2# o' t/#ir r#0ort#r, N#3 5ournalit n##d +uidanc#- "ut
t/#ir initiati2# to 'ind and co2#r:Dr#0ortE n#3 !ut alo "#
d#2#lo0#d,
.o3#2#r- 5ournalit !ut 1##0 t/# #ditor in'or!#d a"out t/#
tori# on 3/ic/ t/#% ar# 3or1in+, Editor !ut "# a"l# to 0lan
3/at t/#ir 0a0#r i +oin+ to u# and 3/at t/# l#ad tori# 3ill "#,
K##0in+ t/# #ditor in'or!#d !a% alo a2# t/# 3rit#r nu!#rou /our
i' t/# #ditor /a alr#ad% ai+n#d o!#on# #l# to co2#r t/# tor%,
20
Lesson 3, Learning Event 1
)i+ur# 8:1
21
Lesson 3, Learning Event 2
SOUR(ES AND TOOLS
No !att#r 3/at 1ind o' n#3 +at/#rin+ %t#! i u#d- t/# r#0ort#r
!ut 'irt 'ind t/# "ac1+round in'or!ation and t/# 'act o' t/#
curr#nt #2#nt or 0#ron- "#'or# /# can "#+in to 3rit#,
T/# 3rit#r i not i!0l% on# 3/o 0ut 3ord on 0a0#r, A Journalit
i NOT #B0#ct#d to 1no3 #2#r%t/in+- "ut /# !ut l#arn 3/#r# to 'ind
t/# in'or!ation on !ot an% to0ic, T/# r#0ort#r !ut t/#r#'or# "#
an ad#0t r##arc/#r,
A!on+ /i 0ri!ar% ourc# o' n#3 t/# 5ournalit /ould /a2#
0#ronal contact t/rou+/out t/# co!!unit%, T/i do# not !#an
0#o0l# 3/o #cr#tl% l#t /i! in on 3/atF +oin+ on- "ut 0#o0l# 3/o
1no3 /i! and und#rtand 3/at /#F loo1in+ 'or ::0#o0l# 3/o li1# to
tal1, T/## contact can 1##0 t/# Journalit in'or!#d a"out
trainin+- 0#o0l#F /o""i#- u0co!in+ co!!unit% #2#nt and t/#
conc#rn o' t/# local 0ar#ntF and t#ac/#rF or+aniAation- 'or
#Ba!0l#,
T/rou+/ t/## contact t/# r#0ort#r 1##0 trac1 o' t/# #"" and 'lo3
o' co!!unit% li'# and can ad2i# t/# &AO o' 0ro"l#! and ucc##
in 0u"lic a''air 0ro+ra!- and t/# conc#rn and int#r#t o'
co!!unit% !#!"#r,
A loo1 at a t%0ical unit or+aniAation c/art 3ill aid t/# a0irin+
5ournalit in /i #arc/ 'or contact, T%0ical unit or+aniAation
c/art !a% a00#ar a t/o# in )i+ur# 8:2- 8:8 and 8:@,
T/# 'irt t/in+ a 5ournalit /ould do 3/#n arri2in+ at a n#3
intallation i to 'a!iliariA# /i!#l' 3it/ t/# or+aniAation c/art
o' t/# 0ot and o' t/# unit /# i li1#l% to co2#r, T/#
or+aniAation c/art lit ##ntial 0oition 3it/in #ac/
dir#ctorat#- and t/# na!#- ran1 and 0/on# nu!"#r o' 0#o0l# 'illin+
t/o# 0oition, Or+aniAation c/art ar# +#n#rall% !uc/ 'at#r to
u# t/an t#l#0/on# "oot,
T#l#0/on# ar# ##ntial to a 5ournalitF 3ritin+, T/#% ar# u#d
to o"tain 'act 3/#n 'ac#:to:'ac# int#r2i#3 ar# not r#4uir#d,
Int#r2i#3 ar# arran+#d "% t#l#0/on# D!ot 5ournalit a2oid
dro00in+ in on t/# 0#o0l# t/#% n##d to int#r2i#3E, T#l#0/onin+
a2# ti!# 3/#n 0#o0l# ar#nFt in t/#ir o''ic# to "# int#r2i#3#d-
and it di0la% r#0#ct and court#% to3ard t/# int#r2i#3##,
22
Lesson 3, Learning Event 2
)i+ur# 8:2
DIVISION OR*ANILATION (.ART
23
Lesson 3, Learning Event 2
)i+ur# 8:8
=RI*ADE OR*ANILATION (.ART
24
Lesson 3, Learning Event 2
)i+ur# 8:@
*ARRISON OR*ANILATION (.ART
25
Lesson 3, Learning Event 2
T#l#0/on# alo 0ro2id# acc# to t/# Ar!%F &u"lic A''air GUSA
N#t3or1G t/rou+/ 3/ic/ t/# Ar!% N#3 S#r2ic# DARNE>SE !a% "#
o"tain#d, USA N#t3or1 i a co!0ut#r in'or!ation #r2ic# o''#r#d
t/rou+/ Int#rnational T#l#0/on# and T#l#+ra0/ Dialco!- Inc,
(o!0ut#r and t#l#0/on# alo o''#r ot/#r in'or!ation #r2ic#
t/rou+/ 3/ic/ on# can acc# n#3 #r2ic#- li"rari# and
#nc%clo0#dia,
T/# Ar!#d )orc# In'or!ation S#r2ic# DA)ISE 0ro2id# ca!#ra:r#ad%
co0% and art3or1 'or !ilitar% 0a0#r, A)IS cli0/##t and ARNE>S
ar# i!0ortant ourc# o' in'or!ation a"out D#0art!#nt o' D#'#n#
and D#0art!#nt o' t/# Ar!% n#3,
Local n#3 i o't#n 0ro2id#d in n#3 r#l#a# 'or! "% local !ilitar%
unit and 0ri2at# or+aniAation in t/# !ilitar% co!!unit%, T/##
r#l#a# !a% "# /ort announc#!#nt a"out !##tin+ or acti2iti#-
or t/#% !a% "# articl#, )or intanc#- t/# local 0r#2#nti2#
!#dicin# o''ic# !a% 0r#0ar# an articl# on !o4uito in'#tation to
al#rt r#id#nt to 0r#caution t/#% /ould ta1#, Or- t/# local
o''ic#rF 3i2# clu" !a% 3ant to 0u"liciA# it annual coll#+#
c/olar/i0 a00lication d#adlin#,
Ar!% n#30a0#r /ould #ta"li/ a 0olic% t/at all announc#!#nt "#
u"!itt#d in 3ritt#n or t%0#3ritt#n 'or!, T/i #nur# t/at no
!iund#rtandin+ occur o2#r t/# 0/on#- and it 0ro2id# a "ac1u0
'or t/# #ditor 3/#n 0ri2at# or+aniAation !ita1#nl% 0ro2id# t/#
3ron+ dat#- #tc, Additionall%- i' announc#!#nt and r#l#a# !ut
includ# 0oint o' contact and 0/on# nu!"#r 'or t/# #ditor- /# /a
t/# o0tion o' ai+nin+ a r#0ort#r to co2#r t/# #2#nt or /# can
o"tain ot/#r ##ntial in'or!ation,
Stor% id#a can alo co!# 'ro! t/# o''ic# 'utur# 'il#, T/# 'utur#
'il# i a u0#n# 'il# o' ort, T/# n#30a0#r ta'' 0lac#
announc#!#nt o' u0co!in+ #2#nt in t/# 'utur# 'il# und#r t/# dat#
o' t/# #2#nt, R#2i#3in+ and u0datin+ t/i 'il# dail% can /#l0 t/#
r#0ort#r and #ditor in 'indin+ or ai+nin+ tor% id#a,
T/# 'utur# 'il# i o!#ti!# a coll#ction o' 'il# 'old#r- #ac/
containin+ ad2anc# in'or!ation t/at co!# into t/# o''ic# a"out a
0articular #2#nt, T/# 'utur# 'il# can "# a i!0l# a a cal#ndar
0ad 3it/ #nou+/ 0ac# in it "loc1 to 3rit# r#!ind#r to t/#
#ditor, It can "# a lar+# 3all cal#ndar und#r +la or ac#tat#
3it/ in'or!ation 3ritt#n in 3it/ +r#a# 0#ncil 'or a !ont/ in
ad2anc# or !or#,
26
Lesson 3, Learning Event 2
T/# 'utur# 'il# !a% alo "# #t u0 in an accordion 'il#- 3it/
articl# id#a or to0ic 'il#d 'or t/# n#Bt 81 da%, At t/#
"#+innin+ o' #ac/ n#30a0#r 3##1 t/# #ditor r#2i#3 t/# 'il# 'or
t/# u0co!in+ 3##1 and ai+n r#0ort#r to co2#r t/# #2#nt,
&#r/a0 t/# !ot indi0#na"l# aid 'or +at/#rin+ n#3- #0#ciall%
und#r ti+/t d#adlin#- i t/# n#30a0#rF li"rar% or G!or+u#,G T/#
!or+u# i a coll#ction o' in'or!ation Dcli00in+ 'ro! 0r#2iou
iu# o' t/# n#30a0#r and ot/#r ourc#E a r#0ort#r can u# to
u00l#!#nt /i co2#ra+# o' #2#nt and to 0ro2id# d#0t/ and
"ac1+round in /i tori#, T/# "#t 3a% to or+aniA# a !or+u# i
al0/a"#ticall% "% u"5#ct- 3it/ t/# !at#rial 'il#d in 'old#r or
!anila #n2#lo0 t/at ar# cl#arl% la"#l#d, Mor+u# /ould NOT
i!0l% "# 'il# co0i# o' #ac/ iu# 'il#d "% iu#- uncli00#d-
alt/ou+/ uc/ co0i# /ould alo "# !aintain#d,
A !or+u# !i+/t includ# 'old#r la"#l#d7 GAr!#d )orc# Da%-G
GTra''ic Sa'#t%-G G>i2# (lu" :N(O-G GYout/ R#cr#ation-G GYout/
S0ort-G GT/#'t,G I' !an% VI& 2iit %our 0ot t/# !or+u# !a%
includ# t/#ir "io+ra0/i#, A to0ic uc/ a GYout/ S0ortG !a% "#
'urt/#r di2id#d into u"cat#+ori# uc/ a GYout/ Socc#rG or GYout/
"a#"all,G
Id#all%- a tour:dra3#r 'il# ca"in#t 3ould "# t/# !ini!u! 'acilit%
n##d#d,
It i 2itall% i!0ortant t/at a !or+u# "# 1#0t u0 to dat#, =%
c/#c1in+ t/# !or+u# "#'or# +oin+ out on a tor%- t/# r#0ort#r 3ill
"# a"l# to co2#r t/# #2#nt 3it/ a 'ull#r und#rtandin+ and 3rit#
t/# tor% i!0artin+ t/i "ac1+round to t/# r#ad#r, R#0ort#r-
/o3#2#r- 3ould do 3#ll to dou"l#:c/#c1 !or+u# in'or!ation o t/#%
donFt r#0rint an #rror contain#d in t/# 0r#2ioul% 0rint#d articl#,
Li"rari# /a2# nu!#rou !at#rial uc/ a G)act on )il#G 3/ic/ can
+i2# t/# 3rit#r a +ood id#a o' t/# curr#nt iu# and t/ou+/t on a
nu!"#r o' to0ic, Li"rarian can alo "# 2alua"l# alli# in
'indin+ "ac1+round in'or!ation 4uic1l% 3/#n und#r d#adlin#
0r#ur#,
A +ood a t/## in'or!ation ourc# ar#- t/#% o't#n lac1 a local
or ti!#l% an+l#- t/# 'actor 3/ic/ +i2# a tor% i!!#diac%-
0roBi!it% or con#4u#nc#, T/# 3rit#r 3ill o't#n /a2# to localiA#
articl# "% int#r2i#3in+ 0#o0l#- t/# to0ic o' t/# n#Bt l#on,
27
&RA(TI(E EIER(ISE
LESSON NO, 8
*AT.ERIN* T.E NE>S
SUS(OURSE NO, DI$2$$
INSTRU(TIONS7
R#2i#3 t/# !at#rial in t/i l#on, An3#r t/# 4u#tion "#lo3 "%
circlin+ GTG or G)G n#Bt to #ac/ 4u#tion, (o!0ar# %our an3#r
3it/ t/# an3#r 1#% on t/# n#Bt 0a+#, Enur# t/at %ou und#rtand
t/# l#on !at#rial and an3#r "#'or# 0roc##din+ to t/# n#Bt
l#on,
T ) 1, Mot Ar!% n#30a0#r 0ro2id# r#ad#r 3it/ local-
Ar!%3id#- national and int#rnational n#3,
T ) 2, A r#0ort#r ai+n#d to co2#r #2#nt in t/# 2nd =ri+ad#
ar#a o' a 0ot i on a 'unctional "#at,
T ) 8, T/# 1#% to uin+ "#at %t#! i to 'iB r#0oni"ilit%
u0on r#0ort#r 'or 0ro2idin+ ad#4uat# co2#ra+# o' t/#ir
"#at,
T ) @, R#0ort#r ar# !ot ucc#'ul in +at/#rin+ n#3 3/#n t/#%
/a2# #ta"li/#d contact t/rou+/out t/# unit and t/#
co!!unit%,
T ) ;, T/# n#30a0#rF 0ri2at# r#'#r#nc# li"rar% i call#d t/#
G!or+u#,G
T ) 9, Editor /ould #ncoura+# indi2idual and or+aniAation to
t#l#0/on# announc#!#nt into t/# n#30a0#r ta'',
29
ANS>ER KEY
&RA(TI(E EIER(ISE
LESSON NO, 8
*AT.ERIN* T.E NE>S
SU=(OURSE NO, DI$2$$
1, )ALSE &A*E 1C- &ARA 1
2, )ALSE &A*E 1C- &ARA 8
8, TRUE &A*E 2$- &ARA 1
@, TRUE &A*E 22- &ARA 8
;, TRUE &A*E 27- &ARA 2
9, )ALSE &A*E 29- &ARA @
30
Lesson 4, Learning Event 1
INTERVIE>IN*
Int#r2i#3in+- a!on+ all t/# cra't a 3rit#r !i+/t d#2#lo0- i
'unda!#ntal to all #l# a 3rit#r do#, >rit#r !a% occaionall%
3rit# /ort articl# 3it/out int#r2i#3in+ an%on#- "ut !ot articl#
o' u"tanc# r#4uir# int#r2i#3 to +#t t/# co!0l#t# tor%,
So!# 3rit#r ##! to "# "#tt#r con2#rationalit t/an ot/#r- and-
con2#rationali! aid t/# 3rit#r in conductin+ int#r2i#3, =ut
int#r2i#3in+ i a cra't- 3it/ 1ill t/at can "# l#arn#d- d#2#lo0#d
and i!0ro2#d,
>ritin+ r#4uir# Journalit 3/o can int#r2i#3 a ourc#- ta1# not#
on t/# dicuion- trancri"# t/#ir not# and t/#ir !#!or% o' 3/at
3a aid- and 3/o can t/#n arran+# it and con2#% it to t/# r#ad#r,
Man% ot/#r3i# 1ill#d 5ournalit '#ar t/# int#r2i#3, So!# donFt
1no3 /o3 to 0r#0ar# 'or or #t u0 an int#r2i#3, So!# ar#nFt ur#
o' /o3 to conduct int#r2i#3, Ot/#r lac1 con'id#nc# in t/#ir
a"ilit% to carr% on a con2#ration, T/## ar# all '#ar t/at can
"# #a#d "% 0ractic# and #''ort,
T/# !#c/anical or #4ui0!#nt a0#ct o' int#r2i#3in+ ar# #ail%
l#arn#d,
&RE&ARIN* ME(.ANI(ALLY )OR INTERVIE>S
On# aut/orit% on t/# to0ic o' int#r2i#3in+- Jo/n =rad%- #ditor o'
>rit#rF Di+#t- includ# #2#r%t/in+ 'ro! clot/in+ to 0a0#r and
ta0# r#cord#r in t/i cat#+or%,
)or intanc#- i' t/# 3rit#r i +oin+ to int#r2i#3 a tan1 !#c/anic
in t/# unit !otor 0ool- t/# 3rit#r !i+/t a00ro0riat#l% 3#ar t/#
"attl#:dr# uni'or!, I'- /o3#2#r- t/# 3rit#r i to int#r2i#3
>illi# N#lon- t/# c#l#"rat#d countr%:!uic tar- t/# 3rit#r !i+/t
dr# cauall%, T/# 3rit#r 3ould dr# !or# 'or!all% in dr#
uni'or! or ci2ilian coat and ti# 3/#n int#r2i#3in+ 0#o0l# o'
"uin#- 0ro'#ional- or +o2#rn!#ntal "ac1+round,
T/# 3rit#r /ould tr% to dr# in a !ann#r 3/ic/ /# "#li#2# t/#
int#r2i#3## #B0#ct /i! to dr#, T/# id#a i t/at clot/# !a1# an
un0o1#n introduction o' t/# 3rit#r, (lot/# indicat# %our l#2#l
o' und#rtandin+ and r#0#ct 'or t/#
31
Lesson 4, Learning Event I
int#r2i#3## and 3/at /# do#, Suita"l# clot/in+ /#l0 #t
int#r2i#3## at #a#- i' t/#% "#li#2# %ou und#rtand t/#! and 3/at
t/#% do,
(lot/#- /o3#2#r- ar# onl% on# a0#ct o' 0uttin+ t/# int#r2i#3## at
#a#,
Sinc# t/# ad2#nt o' ta0# r#cord#r- !an% r#0ort#r /a2# u#d t/#!
in t/# int#r2i#3in+ 0roc#, Un'ortunat#l%- o!# 0#o0l# ar#
unco!'orta"l# 3it/ ta0# r#cord#r, So!# 0#o0l# /a2# r#aon-
ot/#r /a2# no id#a 3/% it ditur" t/#n,
=#'or# uin+ a ta0# r#cord#r in an int#r2i#3- #B0lain t/at %ou u#
t/# r#cord#r to +#t %our 4uot# ri+/t and a a r#'#r#nc# 'or %our
not# 3/#n 3ritin+ t/# tor%, T/#n a1 i' /# 3ould !ind %ou uin+
it, A"id# "% /i d#ciion, I' a u"5#ct a+r##- "ut it "#co!#
o"2iou durin+ t/# int#r2i#3 t/at /# i till n#r2ou a"out t/#
ta0# r#cord#r turn it o'' and 0ut it a3a%, T/i 3ill /a00#n
rar#l%,
T3o o' t/# "#t r#aon 'or uin+ ta0# r#cord#r ar# !#ntion#d
a"o2#, Anot/#r #Bc#ll#nt r#aon 'or t/#ir u# i t/at it allo3
t/# r#0ort#r to ta1# not# on t/# !ot i!0ortant 0oint 3/il# "#in+
a"l# to !or# accurat#l% lit#n to- and 3atc/- t/# int#r2i#3## 'or
/i r#action- 0r##ntation- 0otur#- and '##lin+, T/# 3rit#r !a%
'ind t/## o"#r2ation u#'ul in 3ritin+ /i articl#,
Ta0# r#cord#r alo allo3 t/# 5ournalit to /#ar /i!#l'- and to
tud% /o3 /# conduct#d t/# int#r2i#3, It can "# a +ood tool to3ard
i!0ro2in+ on##l',
I' uin+ a ta0# r#cord#r tr% to u# on# 3it/ a count#r, S#t t/#
count#r on A#ro at t/# tart o' t/# int#r2i#3 and 0ut t/# r#cord#r
3/#r# %ou can ## t/# count#r, >/#n t/# int#r2i#3## o''#r a +ood
4uot# or +#t into an i!0ortant u"5#ct ar#a- %ou can 5ot do3n t/#
count#r nu!"#r, T/i +r#atl% 0##d u0 t/# trancri0tion 0roc#,
T/#r# ar# diad2anta+# to uin+ ta0# r#cord#r ot/#r t/an cauin+
o!# 0#o0l# to "# anBiou, E2#n Gn#3G "att#ri# !a% "# Gd#adG and
"att#ri# !a% Gdi#G durin+ an int#r2i#3, T/## 0ro"l#! can "#
'iB#d "% uin+ 0o3#r cord D#Bt#nion cord 3/#n n##d#dE to 0lu+ in
t/# r#cord#r, "ut- 0o3#r u00li# can 'ail- or t/#% !a% "#
una2aila"l#, E4ui0!#nt can alo /a2# int#rnal 'ailur# a 3#ll,
32
Lesson 4, Learning Event 2
Anot/#r diad2anta+# o' r#cord#r i t/at t/#% r#cord #2#r%t/in+ ::
includin+ rin+in+ t#l#0/on#- la!!in+ door- ound 3# o't#n
i+nor# t/rou+/ #l#cti2# lit#nin+, =ut r#cord#r cannot
#l#cti2#l% lit#n and %our int#r2i#3 can o't#n "# !a1#d "% ound
%ou didnFt notic# durin+ t/# int#r2i#3,
No r#0ort#r /ould d#0#nd 3/oll% on a ta0# r#cord#r to conduct an
int#r2i#3, Too !an% /a2# tri#d onl% to 'ail, )#3 3rit#r 3ant to
+o t/rou+/ t/# a+on% o' loin+ an int#r2i#3- or t/# 0ro'#ional
#!"arra!#nt o' a1in+ 'or a #cond int#r2i#3, )#3 #ditor 3ill
tol#rat# uc/ 'ailur# and '#3#r int#r2i#3## 3illin+l% +rant a
#cond int#r2i#3,
T/# ta0# r#cord#r !ut "# "ac1#d u0 "% t/# !ot 'unda!#ntal tool
and 1ill o' t/# int#r2i#3#r, Ind##d- !an% 3rit#r tr# t/at
t/# ta0# r#cord#r /ould onl% "# u#d to "ac1u0 t/# 3rit#rF 0ad
and 0#n and not#:ta1in+ 1ill,
T/# ad2anta+# o' not#:ta1in+ i t/at #4ui0!#nt 'ailur# i
di''icult, I' t/# 3rit#r +o# to t/# int#r2i#3 3it/ u''ici#nt
0a0#r and 0#ncil or 0#n /# /ould "# a"l# to conc#ntrat# on /i
not#:ta1in+, Al3a% carr% a 0ar# 0#n or 0#ncil, >rit#rF /ould
!atc/ t/#ir 0#ncil- "all0oint and '#lt:ti0 0#n to t/# #n2iron!#nt
in 3/ic/ t/#% 3ill "# 3or1in+, &a% att#ntion to 3/at !a% cau#
t/#! to "r#a1- !#ar- !ud+# or run,
Additionall%- not#:ta1in+ /a t/# ad2anta+# o' la%in+ t/# co!0l#t#
int#r2i#3 in 'ront o' t/# r#0ort#r, Ta0# r#cordin+ /a2# to "#
trancri"#d, T/i o't#n a!ount to lit#nin+ to t/# int#r2i#3
#2#ral ti!# to +#t 3/at not#:ta1in+ +#t t/# 'irt ti!#,
T/#r# ar# o!# t#c/ni4u# to not#:ta1in+ t/at 3ill /#l0 int#r2i#3
'lo3 !oot/l% 3it/out "#in+ "ro1#n u0 "% t/# ta1 o' ta1in+ not#,
>rit#r can !a1# 2at i!0ro2#!#nt in t/#ir a"ilit% to 1##0 not#
"% d#2#lo0in+ a 0#ronaliA#d 'or! o' /ort/and uin+ a""r#2iation,
(o!!on a""r#2iation DTDY- &(S- ETS- Mon,- >#d,- )ri,- #tc,E 'or!
t/# "ai and t/# 5ournalit /ould add /i o3n, So!# 3rit#r dro0
all 2o3#l- ot/#r d#2#lo0 a o!#3/at clo#d lit o' a""r#2iation
t/#% 3ill u#, T/# lit i onl% li!it#d "% t/# 3rit#rF
i!a+ination and /i a"ilit% to d#ci0/#r /i a""r#2iation and
/ort/and conit#ntl%,
33
Lesson 4, Learning Event 2
DEVELO& NOTE:TAKIN* SKILLS
On# 3a% to d#2#lo0 %our not#:ta1in+ a"ilit%- %our 1ill in uin+
a""r#2iation and to incr#a# %our 0##d in t/i ta1- i to ta1#
not# durin+ t#l#2iion n#3cat,
D#2#lo0 t/# /a"it o' 3atc/in+ t/# cr##n 3/il# %ou ta1# not#,
L#arn to lit#n to t/# "roadcat#r and not# /i #B0r#ion a 3#ll
a 3/at /# a%, L#arn to r#!#!"#r !or# o' 3/at 3a aid t/an %ou
not# on 0a0#r, Not# onl% t/# /i+/li+/t o' t/# r#0ort- r#cordin+
all ##ntial 'act,
At t/# #nd o' t/# 8$:!inut# "roadcat- r#2i#3 %our not#- or+aniA#
and trancri"# t/#!, I' %ou /a2# a 2id#o:ca#tt# r#cord#r- r#cord
t/# "roadcat and r#2i#3 it a't#r trancri"in+ %our not#, You !a%
"# ur0ri#d at /o3 !uc/ o' t/# "roadcat %ou r#!#!"#r 3it/out
uin+ a ta0# r#cord#r, Your 0##d 3ill incr#a# 3it/ 0ractic#,
T/#r# ar# iB additional 0oint to conid#r in not#:ta1in+,
1, U# a t#no 0ad- or a 0oc1#t:iA#d not#0ad, Sin+l#
/##t o' 0a0#r !a% "#co!# dior+aniA#d and t/# not#
ta1#n on t/#! can "#co!# a tan+l#d a a 0il# o' old 3ir#
coat /an+#r, St#no 0ad and not#0ad can "# a'#l% and
4uic1l% r#arran+#d at t/# r#0ort#rF d#1,
2, >rit# on onl% on# id# o' t/# 0a0#r, U# a n#3 0a+# 'or
#2#r% /i't in to0ic to i!0li'% or+aniAation lat#r on,
8, DonFt lo# #%#:contact 3it/ t/# u"5#ct Dint#r2i#3##E,
>it/ 0ractic# %ou can l#arn to 3rit# 3it/out loo1in+ at
t/# not#0ad, T/i 3ill l#t t/# int#r2i#3 "#co!# !or#
con2#rational and 3ill +i2# t/# ourc# o!#t/in+ to loo1
at ot/#r t/an t/# to0 o' a /#ad,
@, &ac# %our not#:taBin+, >/#n t/# ourc# a% t/in+ o'
littl# int#r#t to %ou- t/# t#nd#nc% i to to0 3ritin+,
R#it t/i natural t#nd#nc%, T/# 0#ron 3ill notic# i'
%ou to0 ta1in+ not# and /i or /#r #nt/uia! !a% 3an#,
34
Lesson 4, Learning Event 3
;, Kno3 a/#ad o' ti!# 3/ic/ 1#% 0oint %ou !ut a1
4u#tion a"out, To /#l0 %ou r#!#!"#r t/#!- ta0# a 8B;
card 3it/ ##ntial notation to t/# "ac1 o' %our t#no
0ad,
9, Trancri"# t/# int#r2i#3 a oon a 0oi"l# r#+ardl#
o' 3/#t/#r %ou u#d a ta0# r#cord#r or a 0ad and 0#n- or
"ot/, On# Ar!% 3rit#r +o# o 'ar a to trancri"#
i!0ortant 4uot# 'ro! t/# int#r2i#3 a oon a /# +#t
into /i car 'ollo3in+ t/# int#r2i#3, Ot/#r +o to a
li"rar% and !an% r#turn to t/#ir o''ic# t%0#3rit#r,
R#!#!"#r ::t/# !#!or% di! 3it/ ti!#- ra0idl%, To!orro3
inFt oon #nou+/- trancri"# i!!#diat#l%,
&I(KIN* T.E INTERVIE> LO(ATION
Int#r2i#3 !a% "# conduct#d in or at !ot an% location, T/#r# ar#
#2#ral t/in+ t/# r#0ort#r /ould conid#r 3/#n location ar# l#'t
o0#n to t/# 3rit#r,
T/# n#30a0#r o''ic# /a t/# ad2anta+# o' li!itin+ tra2#l 'or t/#
3rit#r "ut !a% "# a diad2anta+# 'or t/# int#r2i#3## in t#r! o'
tra2#l con2#ni#nc# and ti!#, It !a% alo "# a 0oor location
"#cau# t/#r# ar# uuall% '#3 4ui#t 0lac# in a n#30a0#r o''ic#
3/#r# int#r2i#3 can "# conduct#d 3it/out int#rru0tion,
I' int#r2i#3 ar# conduct#d in t/# n#30a0#r o''ic#- 0olic% /ould
dictat# t/at r#0ort#r conductin+ int#r2i#3 ar# NOT to "#
int#rru0t#d 'or t#l#0/on# call or o''ic# "uin#, It /ould "#
a i' t/# r#0ort#r 3#r# conductin+ t/# int#r2i#3 in t/# ourc#F
o''ic#,
I' int#r2i#3 ar# conduct#d a3a% 'ro! #it/#r 0#ronF o''ic# t/#
r#0ort#r /ould tr% to arran+# to /a2# a '#3 int#rru0tion a
0oi"l#, In o!# intanc# t/# r#0ort#r and ourc# !a% onl% "#
a"l# to ta1# a /ort 3al1 a3a% 'ro! ot/#r 0#o0l# and #Btran#ou
ditraction,
I' int#r2i#3 ar# conduct#d in t/# ourc#F o''ic#- t/# 3rit#r i
li!it#d in 3/at /# can do 3it/ ditraction- int#rru0tion and
co!'ort, On# o' t/# !ot #''#cti2# 3a% to li!it int#rru0tion i
to ad2i# t/# ourc# t/at %ou onl% n##d GIG a!ount o' ti!# and t/#n
to 'ini/ 3it/in t/at ti!# 'ra!#, Man% ourc# 3ill a1 t/#ir co:
3or1#r to not "# int#rru0t#d In uc/ circu!tanc#,
35
Lesson 4, Learning Event 4
Int#r2i#3 ar# #t u0 in t/r## "aic 0/a#7
1, &r#int#r2i#3
2, T/# int#r2i#3
8, &ot:int#r2i#3
(ONDU(T &REINTERVIE> RESEAR(.
T/# 0r#int#r2i#3 0#riod can "# "ro1#n into 'our 0/a#,
1, L#arn a"out t/# ourc#
2, Arran+# t/# int#r2i#3
8, R##arc/ to0ic and d#cid# on t/# an+l#
@, >rit# 4u#tion
>/#n an articl# /a "##n ai+n#d- t/# r#0ort#r /ould "# a1in+
/i!#l' #2#ral 4u#tion, >/at i t/# to0ic? >/at i t/# 0ur0o#
o' t/# articl#? >/#n i it du#? >/at ourc# o' in'or!ation
#Bit? >/o /ould "# int#r2i#3#d?
L#arn A"out t/# Sourc#
>/#n int#r2i#3 ar# n#c#ar% and t/# r#0ort#r /a id#nti'i#d t/#
0#ron /# n##d to int#r2i#3- /# /ould 'ind out 3/at /# can a"out
t/# ourc#, EBactl% 3/at /# 3ill n##d to 1no3 a"out t/# u"5#ct
d#0#nd on 3/#t/#r t/# int#r2i#3 i 'or a n#3 tor% or a '#atur#,
I t/# ourc# an aut/orit%? >/at i /i 0ro'#ional and
c/olatic "ac1+round? .o""i#? Int#r#t? >/at do# /# 1no3
a"out %our u"5#ct and /o3 do# /# '##l a"out it?
Arran+# t/# Int#r2i#3
Onc# %ou /a2# "#+un to +#t an und#rtandin+ o' t/# 0#ron %ou can
t#l#0/on# /i! to a1 'or an int#r2i#3,
=rad%- o' >rit#rF Di+#t- u++#t t/at- 3/#n 3rit#r ar# a1in+
'or int#r2i#3 t/#% /ould 0ut t/#!#l2# in t/# int#r2i#3##F
0oition, >/at 3ill t/# int#r2i#3 cot /i!?
36
Lesson 4, Learning Event 4
>/o ar# %ou? )or 3/ic/ 0u"lication do %ou 3rit#?,, .o3 ar#
int#r2i#3## tr#at#d in %our 0u"lication? >/at 3ill t/# int#r2i#3
do 'or /i!? .o3 !uc/ ti!# 3ill /# lo#? >rit#r /ould a2oid
+i2in+ t/# la!# r#aon- GM% #ditor 3ant a tor% on t/# co!!iar%
0ro5#ct and I n##d to int#r2i#3 %ou,G A "#tt#r a00roac/ !a% "#-
GMr, (arn- I und#rtand t/at %ou ar# 3or1in+ on t/# n#3 co!!iar%
0ro5#ct, I a! 3ritin+ an articl# to u0dat# t/# )ort Lot Tr##
co!!unit% on t/# 0ro5#ct, (ould I co!# tal1 to %ou 'or a"out 8$
!inut#?G Notic# in t/# #cond #Ba!0l# t/# 3ord int#r2i#3 3a
n#2#r !#ntion#d, DSo!# 0#o0l# 'r##A#u0 in Fint#r2i#3F "ut can
dicu t/#ir to0ic 3#ll in con2#ration,E Mr, (arnF cr#di"ilit%
3a r#co+niA#d D!aa+in+ /i #+oE and t/# l#n+t/ Dti!# cotE o'
t/# int#r2i#3 3a !#ntion#d,
=# 'l#Bi"l#, Tr% to 'it t/# int#r2i#3 into /i c/#dul#, I' %ou
ar# 3or1in+ a+aint a d#adlin#- tact'ull% #B0lain- and a1 i' t/#r#
i a ti!# /# could 'it %ou into /i c/#dul#,
=# 0r#0ar#d to int#r2i#3 #arl%- lat# or durin+ lunc/,
R##arc/ To0ic and D#cid# on t/# An+l#
Onc# t/# int#r2i#3 /a "##n arran+#d- t/# 3rit#r /ould tart
#arc/in+ 'or t/# an3#r /# n##d in t/# articl#, T/# lat#
(orn#liu R%an- aut/or o' GT/# Lon+#t Da%-G 3rot# t/at an
int#r2i#3 /ould n#2#r "# conduct#d unl# t/# 3rit#r 1no3 at
l#at 9$ 0#rc#nt o' t/# an3#r in ad2anc#,
T/# 3rit#r !a% c/#c1 #arli#r n#3 cli00in+ on t/# u"5#ct 'or
!at#rial 3/ic/ /a alr#ad% "##n 0u"li/#d, T/i in'or!ation !a%
'or! t/# "ai 'or 'ollo3:u0 4u#tion, .o3#2#r- donFt 3at# t/#
ourc#F ti!# "% a1in+ 4u#tion to 3/ic/ %ou can #ail% 'ind
an3#r in "io+ra0/ical /##t or r#+ulation,
>rit# Qu#tion
Li"rar% r#'#r#nc# can ac4uaint t/# 3rit#r 3it/ t/# curr#nt iu#
on t/# to0ic, Su00li#d 3it/ /i n#3 cli00in+ and li"rar%
r##arc/ t/# 3rit#r can "#+in 'or!in+ /i 4u#tion, .# 3ill 1no3
t/# an3#r to o!# 4u#tion "ut t/# r#0ort#r !a% 3ant to +#t t/#
int#r2i#3##F co!!#nt and 2i#30oint,
37
Lesson 4, Learning Event 5
>rit#r und#rtand t/at 'or an articl# to "# cr#di"l#- 'act and
o0inion !ut "# attri"ut#d, Indi0uta"l#- 0u"licl% 1no3n 'act can
"# u#d 3it/out attri"ution, .o3#2#r- t/# n#3 5ournalit /ould
tri2# to3ard l#ttin+ t/# int#r2i#3## and r#'#r#nc# ourc# "# t/#
ourc# o' attri"ution, T/# 3rit#r can n#2#r u# /i!#l' a t/#
ourc# o' attri"ution in t/# n#3 or '#atur# tor%,
ItF a +ood id#a to a2oid 0uttin+ 3ord into t/# int#r2i#3##F
!out/, Qu#tion 3/ic/ "#+in 3it/ or #nd 3it/ co!!#nt uc/ a7
GDonFt %ou t/in1 ,,,,G or G>ouldnFt %ou a% ,,,,G +#n#rall%
indicat# a t/ou+/t t/# 3rit#r 3ant to attri"ut# to t/# ourc#,
Suc/ 4u#tion indicat# to %our ourc# t/at %ou /a2# alr#ad%
3ritt#n t/# articl# and 5ut 3ant to attri"ut# it to /i!, It alo
0ut t/# int#r2i#3## in a G%#F or FnoF an3#rin+ !ood, T/i !a1#
+#ttin+ an#cdot# and t/# ourc#F 0#ronalit% or additional
t/ou+/t n#Bt to i!0oi"l#,
An #a% 3a% to a2oid G%#G or FnoF an3#r i to 3rit# %our
4u#tion 0/a#d in t/# 'i2# > and . 'or!at, )or #Ba!0l#7 G>/at
do %ou t/in1 a"out ,,,,G or G>/% i t/i 0ro5#ct o i!0ortant?G
T/## 4u#tion 0ut t/# ourc# in a r#'l#cti2#- #B0lanator% !ood,
Art'ul not#ta1in+ #na"l# t/# 3rit#r to 5ot do3n t/# !ain 0oint
and to alo not# t/# color or at!o0/#r# o' t/# int#r2i#3, T/#
3rit#r can not# t/# ourc#F ton# o' 2oic#- 'acial #B0r#ion-
!ann#ri!- !o2#!#nt- 0/%ical a00#aranc#- clot/in+ and !an% ot/#r
t/in+ t/at 3ill /#l0 /i! 0oint a 2i2id 3ord 0ictur# o' t/#
u"5#ct,
(ONDU(T T.E INTERVIE>
A!on+ t/# !ot critical ta1 o' t/# actual int#r2i#3 i t/#
a"olut# n#c#it% o' "#in+ on ti!#, N#2#r 3at# t/# ourc#F ti!#
"% !a1in+ /i! 3ait, A r#lat#d ta1 i to not #Bc##d t/# ti!# li!it
%ou a1#d 'or, I' !or# in'or!ation i n##d#d- a1 'or anot/#r
int#r2i#3 ti!#, Al3a% d#'#r to t/# ourc#F c/#dul#, I' t/#
int#r2i#3 i runnin+ o2#rti!# and t/# ourc# 3ant to continu#- +o
a/#ad- "ut donFt 3at# ti!#,
Eta"li/in+ ra00ort "#t3##n t/# r#0ort#r and t/# ourc# i a
0ri!ar% conid#ration durin+ t/# int#r2i#3, Sinc# t/# r#al 0ur0o#
o' an int#r2i#3 i to +#t t/# u"5#ct to tal1
38
Lesson 4, Learning Event 5
:: not !#r#l% an3#r a lit o' 0r#0ar#d- 3#ll:r##arc/#d ::
4u#tion- ra00ort can !a1# t/# di''#r#nc# "#t3##n a +r#at or a
!#diocr# articl#,
On# 3a% to #ta"li/ ra00ort i to "# 0ro'#ional in #2#r% 3a%7 =#
on ti!#- loo1 /ar0 and 1no3 t/# 4u#tion %ou 3ant to a1 Dt/i
allo3 t/# int#r2i#3 to ran+# in a con2#rational 3a%E, DonFt =#
too caual in !ann#r6 itF "#t to "# a littl# 'or!al 3/#n !##tin+
o!#on# 'or t/# 'irt ti!# Dor an%ti!# %our u"5#ct i %our
u0#riorE, DonFt in2it# %our#l' to it do3n6 3ait until %ouFr#
a1#d, (#rtainl%- %ou 3onFt !o1# 3it/out 0#r!iion, DS!o1in+
alo !a1# not#:ta1in+ !or# di''icult "#cau# it ta1# u0 on# o'
%our t3o /and,E In ot/#r 3ord- conduct %our#l' a i' %ou 3#r# a
+u#t- a ind##d %ou ar#,
=#cau# !an% 0#o0l# ar# n#r2ou a"out "#in+ int#r2i#3#d- t/# 3rit#r
i r#0oni"l# 'or 0uttin+ t/# 0#ron at #a#, Alt/ou+/ t/# 3rit#r
/ouldnFt 3at# ti!# in ic#"r#a1in+ !all tal1- /# can "#+in 3it/
r#lati2#l% #a% 4u#tion and t/#n !o2# to t/# !or# t/ou+/t:
0ro2o1in+,
To "#co!# an acco!0li/#d int#r2i#3#r t/# r#0ort#r !ut do t3o
t/in+ durin+ t/# cour# o' t/# #ion7 L#t t/# u"5#ct tal1- and
lit#n att#nti2#l% to 3/at i aid, .# /ould lit#n car#'ull% and
'or+#t a"out 3/at /# i 0lannin+ to a1 n#Bt, T/i #ncoura+# t/#
u"5#ct to "# /i!#l' int#ad o' a 0o1#!an,
.o3#2#r- to !a1# t/# int#r2i#3 a con2#rational a 0oi"l# it i
n#c#ar% to do !or# t/an 5ut lit#n, (on2#ration i a t3o:3a%
0roc# and t/# r#0ort#r i #B0#ct#d to carr% /i nar# o' it,
DonFt Ar+u# >it/ Your Sourc#
T/# 0ro'#ional r#0ort#r n#2#r ar+u# 3it/ t/# 0#ron- n#2#r tri#
to 0#ruad# t/# ourc# to t/# r#0ort#rF 3a% o' t/in1in+- n#2#r
5ud+# t/# ourc# and n#2#r act li1# a 0ro#cutin+ attorn#% in
cro:#Ba!ination, I' t/# r#0ort#r do# an% o' t/## t/in+- /#
3ill lo# t/# ourc#, S/ould t/# r#0ort#r dia+r## 3it/ 3/at i
aid ::and t/#r# ar# ti!# 3/#n 3rit#r do dia+r## ::i!0l% nod-
or !a1# a co!!#nt o' und#rtandin+ uc/ a7 GI ##,G L#t t/#
0#ron 1##0 on tal1in+, To 1##0 u0 /i #nd o' t/# con2#ration-
t/# r#0ort#r !a% i!0l% indicat# /i und#rtandin+ o' 3/at /a "##n
aid and /i d#ir# to continu# lit#nin+,
39
Lesson 4. Learning Event 5
Turnin+ an int#r2i#3 into a 'ri#ndl% con2#ration i i!0oi"l# i'
t/# r#0ort#r /a 'ail#d to #ta"li/ ra00ort at t/# out#t, And
2#r% o't#n t/i 'ri#ndl% '##lin+ can "#+in 3a% "ac1 3/#n t/#
r#0ort#r did all t/# t#diou r##arc/ and tu!"l#d acro o!#t/in+
o' int#r#t to t/# u"5#ct 3/ic/ can "# u#d a an ic#"r#a1#r,
Mot ourc# ar# r#adil% i!0r##d and "#co!# !or# 3illin+ to 0a
alon+ in'or!ation- 3/#n t/#% ## "% t/# r#0ort#rF 4u#tion t/at
t/# r#0ort#r /a don# /i /o!#3or1, T/# un0r#0ar#d r#0ort#r 3/o
+i2# /i u"5#ct t/# i!0r#ion t/at #2#r% "aic 'act o' a to0ic
!ut "# #B0lain#d in d#tail co!# a3a% 'ro! t/# int#r2i#3 3it/ a
/allo3 n#3 or '#atur# tor%,
Maintain Militar% (ourt#%
A 3ord o' caution a"out int#r2i#3in+ u0#rior in t/# !ilitar%
#r2ic#, N#2#r a% G/u/G to a +#n#ral o''ic#r, On# %oun+ ar!%
5ournalit att#ndin+ t/# 'irt ran+# 'irin+ o' a n#3 3#a0on
%t#! +ot cau+/t u0 in t/# #Bcit#!#nt o' t/# #2#nt, >al1in+ u0
to t/# di2iion co!!and#r- t/# 0ri2at# 'irt cla aid- GI +u#
%ouFr# 0r#tt% 0roud o' t/i- /u/?G It 3a a 2$:!inut# run "ac1 to
/i o''ic#- 3/#r# t/# 5ournalit r#0ort#d to /i 0u"lic a''air
o''ic#r t/at t/#% /ad an Gint#r2i#3G 3it/ t/# co!!andin+ +#n#ral
i!!#diat#l%, Al3a% tr#at u0#rior 3it/ t/# r#0#ct and di+nit%
du# t/#ir ran1 and 0oition,
=% t/# a!# to1#n- donFt "# co3#d "% a u"5#ctF ran1, T/ou+/t'ul
and 2alid 4u#tion ar# ##n "% co!!and#r a o00ortuniti# to 0a
alon+ critical in'or!ation to t/#ir troo0 and to t/# 0u"lic,
DonFt Lo# (ontrol o' t/# Int#r2i#3
T/i !a% r#4uir# t/# 3rit#r to r#tat# 4u#tion tact'ull% and to
turn con2#ration "ac1 to t/# u"5#ct o' t/# int#r2i#3, Allo3in+
t/# ourc# to do li!it#d ra!"lin+ !a% #licit in'or!ation t/# 3rit#r
n##d- "ut uncontroll#d ra!"lin+ !a% 0ro2id# t/# 3rit#r 3it/ !ound
or unua"l# in'or!ation and '#3 o' t/# 'act /# n##d, (ontrol i
#ai#r 3/#n 4u#tion ar# or+aniA#d and 3ritt#n 0rior to t/#
int#r2i#3, Additional 4u#tion !a% ari# durin+ t/# int#r2i#3-
"ut t/# 3ritt#n 4u#tion 0ro2id# a 'ra!#3or1 'or conductin+ and
controllin+ t/# int#r2i#3,
40
Lesson 4, Learning Event 6
Endin+ t/# Int#r2i#3
Jut a a 3rit#r !ut l#arn /o3 to o0#n and conduct an Int#r2i#3-
/# !ut alo 1no3 /o3 to #nd t/# int#r2i#3- O"2ioul%- t/# r#0ort#r
canFt l#a0 u0 and a%- GT/atF it, I +ot it all, T/an1, =%#,
T/# int#r2i#3 !ut "# "rou+/t to a lo+ical and d#'init# #nd, T/#
3rit#r 3ill 1no3 3/#n t/# ourc# i don#- or 3/#n /# /a a1#d all
/i 4u#tion,
T/# 3rit#r /ould r#2i#3 all ##ntial 'act- includin+ t/#
ourc#F na!#- titl#- unitMor+aniAation and all 'i+ur#, T/#
3rit#r /ould alo a1 i' /# can call to clari'% 4u#tion t/at
!i+/t ari# durin+ t/# int#r2i#3, T/# r#0ort#r /ould clo# /i
not#"oo1 and turn o'' t/# ta0# r#cord#r 0r#0arin+ to t/an1 t/#
ourc# a "# l#a2#, =ut t/# r#0ort#r /ould 1##0 /i #ar o0#n
"#cau# o!# ourc# r#laB 3/#n t/# #4ui0!#nt i 0ut a3a% and t/#%
0ro2id# additional- o!#ti!# i!0ortant- in'or!ation t/at add
0ar1l# and A#t to t/# 'ini/#d articl#,
It i "#t to a2oid t/# 0ractic# o' /a2in+ int#r2i#3## r#2i#3
articl# 0rior to 0u"lication, .o3#2#r- t/# 3rit#r /ould 'ollo3
t/# n#30a0#rF 0olic%, T/# 0oiti2# a0#ct o' /a2in+ !at#rial
r#2i#3#d i accurac%,
T/# n#+ati2# a0#ct o' r#2i#3 includ#7 con'lict 3it/ d#adlin#-
ina00ro0riat# c/an+# in t/# 3rit#rF t%l#- and c/an+# in cont#nt
"% u0#rior o' t/# ourc#,
Id#all% r#2i#3 /ould "# rar# and !ut "# "a#d u0on t/#
0rinci0l# o' #curit%- accurac%- 0ro0ri#t% and 0olic%, I' a
3rit#r and ourc# dia+r##- t/# 0u"lic a''air o''ic#r /ould "#
a1#d to /#l0 ol2# t/# con'lict,
(ONDU(T T.E &OST:INTERVIE>
A't#r t/# 3rit#r /a trancri"#d /i not#- /# !ut d#cid# i' /#
/a all t/# in'or!ation /# n##d 'or /i articl#, I' not- /#
conduct additional r##arc/ or int#r2i#3 n##d#d to o"tain t/#
in'or!ation,
I'- in not#:ta1in+- t/# 3rit#r /a 1#0t #0arat# id#a on to0ic or
#0arat# /##t o' 0a0#r- /# /a !ad# t/# ta1 o' outlinin+ /i
articl# !uc/ #ai#r, T/# 3rit#r /a onl% to or+aniA# /i /##t o'
0a0#r "% to0ic to outlin# /i tor%, .a2in+ t/u or+aniA#d and
outlin#d /i not#- t/# 3rit#r /a d#t#r!in#d 3/at in'or!ation to
u# 'irt in t/# articl#,
41
L#on @- L#arnin+ E2#nt 9
T/i- in turn- +i2# t/# 3rit#r /i n#3 or '#atur# an+l#- and
/ould 0oint to /o3 /# 3ill 3rit# /i l#ad Dt/# o0#nin+ 0ara+ra0/
o' t/# articl#,E >it/ t/# l#ad 3ritt#n- t/# "od% o' t/# articl#
nor!all% 'all into 0lac#, A't#r t/# articl# i 3ritt#n t/# 3rit#r
3ill co0%#dit t/# articl#- r#3ritin+ a n#c#ar% and a ti!#
0#r!it,
)i+ur# @:1- Ti0 on Int#r2i#3in+- o''#r a 4uic1 r#2i#3 o' t/#
t/r## 0/ra# o' int#r2i#3in+,
)i+ur# @:1
TI&S ON INTERVIE>IN*
42
&RA(TI(E EIER(ISE
LESSON NO, @
INTERVIE>IN*
SU=(OURSE NO, DI$2$$
INTRODU(TION7
R#2i#3 t/# !at#rial in t/i l#on, An3#r t/# 4u#tion "#lo3 "%
circlin+ GTG or FG) n#Bt to #ac/ 4u#tion, (o!0ar# %our an3#r
3it/ t/# an3#r 1#% on t/# n#Bt 0a+#, Enur# t/at %ou und#rtand
t/# l#on !at#rial and an3#r "#'or# 0roc##din+ to t/# n#Bt
l#on,
T ) 1, &ro'ici#nc% in int#r2i#3in+ i d#0#nd#nt on
con2#rationali!- an in/#rit#d trait,
T ) 2, (lot/in+ #t t/# ton# o' an int#r2i#3,
T ) 8, Ta0# r#cord#r /ould "# t/# 3rit#rF c/i#' !#an o'
r#cordin+ int#r2i#3,
T ) @, )#lt:ti0 0#n /ould not "# u#d in not#:ta1in+ "#cau#
t/#% !#ar,
T ) ;, >rit#r /ould l#t int#r2i#3 Gcoo1G in t/#ir !ind 'or
#2#ral da% "#'or# 3ritin+ t/# tor%,
T ) 9, >rit#r /ould !at#r *r#++ /ort/and,
T ) 7, (orn#liu R%an u++#t 3rit#r 1no3 9$ 0#rc#nt o' t/#
an3#r 0rior to t/# int#r2i#3,
43
ANS>ER KEY
&RA(TI(E EIER(ISE
LESSON NO, @
INTERVIE>IN*
SU=(OURSE NO, DI$2$$
1, )ALSE &A*E 81- &ARA 2
2, TRUE &A*E 81- &ARA 7 and <
8, )ALSE &A*E 88- &ARA 2 and 8
@, )ALSE &A*E 88- &ARA @
;, )ALSE &A*E 8;- &A&A 1
9, )ALSE &A*E 88- &ARA 7
7, TRUE &A*E 87- &ARA 9
44