This document defines various drilling parameters and mud circulation terms. It provides definitions for key concepts like hook load, weight on bit, stand pipe pressure, casing pressure, rotational speed, torque, pump rate, kick off point, types of losses, types of tanks, drilling processes, well control methods, and mud logging responsibilities. The high-level responsibilities of a mud logger are to take geological samples and descriptions, monitor key drilling parameters, and oversee the drilling fluids system. Drilling parameters that must be monitored include hook load, weight on bit, stand pipe pressure, casing pressure, rotational speed, torque, and pump rate. Proper mud circulation through the system and different types of tanks are also defined.
This document defines various drilling parameters and mud circulation terms. It provides definitions for key concepts like hook load, weight on bit, stand pipe pressure, casing pressure, rotational speed, torque, pump rate, kick off point, types of losses, types of tanks, drilling processes, well control methods, and mud logging responsibilities. The high-level responsibilities of a mud logger are to take geological samples and descriptions, monitor key drilling parameters, and oversee the drilling fluids system. Drilling parameters that must be monitored include hook load, weight on bit, stand pipe pressure, casing pressure, rotational speed, torque, and pump rate. Proper mud circulation through the system and different types of tanks are also defined.
This document defines various drilling parameters and mud circulation terms. It provides definitions for key concepts like hook load, weight on bit, stand pipe pressure, casing pressure, rotational speed, torque, pump rate, kick off point, types of losses, types of tanks, drilling processes, well control methods, and mud logging responsibilities. The high-level responsibilities of a mud logger are to take geological samples and descriptions, monitor key drilling parameters, and oversee the drilling fluids system. Drilling parameters that must be monitored include hook load, weight on bit, stand pipe pressure, casing pressure, rotational speed, torque, and pump rate. Proper mud circulation through the system and different types of tanks are also defined.
This is the load on the hook (summation of the strings: BHA and bit) 2- Weight on bit (WOB) It's calculated from the hook load and its decrease on it (if HKL is 2 tones then becomes !" tones due to formation resistance so #$B is " tones) - !tand "i"e "#e$$%#e (!&&) The %ressure of the %um%ed fluid inside the %i%es and hoses (related to &'() '- (a$ing "#e$$%#e (ann%la# "#e$$%#e) The %ressure of the %um%ed cement into casing )- *ota#+ $"eed The s%eed of rotation of the string ,- *ota#+ to#-%e The resistance of the formation to the drilling and rotation of string .- &%/" $"eed The s%eeds of %um%ing of mud inside the %i%es (related to &'( or efficienc) of %um%) 0- !lo1 "%/" #ate Test on each %um% to notice the %ressure e*erted b) each one in order to use s%ecific &'( for each %um% to kill the +ell in case of kick, 2-Blind d#illing -rilling of hole +ithout an) return of cutting or fluid so the) drill +ith sea+ater in order to reduce the costs or +ith normal drilling fluids 13- F#ee "oint indi4ato# The %oint at +hich the) can make cut for the stick) string. firstl) the) tr) to make /arring to free this %oint, 11- O5e# "%ll o# &i4k %" It is the sudden increase in hook load reading +hile '$$H. due to the tight s%ot in the hole, 12- T1i$t o66 0ut of the drill string from an) +eak %oint %redicted b) shar% dro% in &'' and shar% dro% in HKL-, 1- Fa$t b#eak ! (eans 1$' is high due to soft formation, 1'- T#i""ing $ne of t+o: !2 1IH (1un In Hole) 22 '$$H ('ull $ut $f Hole) 1)- Flo1 4he4k This test is made to check if there is flo+ out at the rest or not (in case of sto%%ed %um%ing), #e sto% %um%ing then notice if there is flo+ out or not, If there is flo+ out at rest so +e ha3e 4lo+, 1,- E-%i5alent 4i#4%lated den$it+ (E(D) This is mud +t in the d)namic state, 1.- Ki4k o66 "oint -ue to the hardness of the cement. the bit esca%es from this %oint into the softer litholog), 10- Ni""ling %" BO& It5s the setting u% 6 installing of the B$' for ne+ o%en hole. +hich follo+ed b) the B$' test to see +hat is the ma*imum allo+able %ressure on the annulus, 12- Wa$h (4i#4%lation) and *ea/ing It's %rocess of +idening and claiming the hole after the drilling of e3er) one &T- b) mo3ing u% and do+n Wa$h (circulation +ithout surface 1'() *ea/ing (circulation +ith surface 1'( and bit 1'( if there is motor) 12- (onne4tion $ff bottom. no #$B. lo+est HKL-. no &''. no 1'(. no &'(. and no T17 23- On $li"$ It5s done +hen the floor man makes ane+ connection, 21-Ho1 to kno1 the 1a$h o%t in "i"e$7777 A28ertical: +hen #$B increasing. the crack increases and the %ressure +ill continue dro%s B2Hori9ontal: that on decreasing the #$B. the %ressures +ill increase, 22-The#e a#e $e5e#al di66e#ent t+"e$ o6 "#e$$%#e te$t8 !2 4IT : 4ormation Integrit) Test This is a %ressure test to a %redetermined %ressure. +hich is designed to be belo+ the %robable fracture %ressure, 2 22 L$T : Leak $ff Test -etermines the )ield %oint of the +eakest formation, ;2 4ormation Breakdo+n This is a test that fractures the formation and in/ects fluid, #hat is a Leak $ff Test< =A Leak $ff Test (L$T) is used to determine the ma*imum %ressure. +hich can be a%%lied to the formation +hile drilling the ne*t hole section, =The L$T in3ol3es increasing the mud %ressure in a shut2in +ell until mud is in/ected into the formation, =>enerall) L$Ts are %erformed after cementing casing. re2drilling cement and the shoe and a fe+ metres of formation, This 9one is considered to be the +eakest %art of the formation for the ne*t hole section, = 2 The basic %rocedure is to %um% slo+l) into the +ell at a rate of ? to @ barrel %er minute and record the drill %i%e %ressure (the +ell is closed ,( 2 The %oint +here drill %i%e %ressure starts to de3iate : /ust as the cur3e lea3es the straight line : is the %ressure +here the formation starts to take fluid , 2 It is im%ortant to kee% in mind that )ou are %um%ing into a closed +ell +hen conducting a leak2off test 4ormation Integrit) Test 4ormation Integrit) Test =This test does not fracture the formation but merel) tests the formations integrit) to a %re2determined test %ressure, =T)%icall) the antici%ated slo%e sho+s a linear relationshi% bet+een the 3olume %um%ed and the %ressure Leak-O66 Te$t Leak-O66 Te$t =Initiall) the L$T follo+s the same linear %attern on the antici%ated slo%e as the 4IT, =At the %oint of di3ergence leak2off is achie3ed and the trend becomes non2linear, 4ormation Breakdo+n Test =Again the antici%ated slo%e is linear %rior to achie3ing breakdo+n of the formation, 2- !1abbing 9 !%#ge !2 &+abbing Bottom Hole 'ressure tem%orar) reduction results from the u%+ard mo3ement of %i%e in the hole , If the drill %i%e is %ulled too fast during tri%%ing (&+abbing). formation fluid +ill be %ulled into the +ell bore , &+abbing is caused b) the %iston action of the bit +hen it is %ulled u%+ard : ; &+abbing %ressure make BH' decrease , 22 &urge Bottom Hole 'ressure tem%orar) increase results from the do+n+ard mo3ement of %i%e in the hole, The o%%osite of s+abbing. &urge %ressure makes BH' increase, If it is high enough. surge +ill result in formation s%litAfracture, Loss of circulation, 2'- D#illing "#o4e$$e$ 1otar) drilling &liding drilling !2 run +ith BHA rotar) assemblies 22 +ith surface and eBual bit 1'( ;2 +ith T17 reading C2 +ith normal &'' 3alues "2 in soft+are choose ( 1otar) drilling) !2 run +ith BHA motor assemblies 22 +ith onl) bit 1'(. no surface 1'( ;2 +ithout T17 reading C2 +ith higher 3alue of &'' "2 in soft+are choose ( 1otar) 6 turbine ) 2)- :WD 9 ;<*O 9 TOT(O 2,- T+"e o6 tank$ 1- !%4tion tank8 is the acti3e %it. +hich directl) attached to the %um%s, 2- *e$e#5e tank8 is the tank for sa3ing additional Buantities of mud if needed again, - !l%g tank8 is the tank for high 3iscosit) mud %re%arations and its small 3alue '- !ettling ($and t#a")8 it's la) belo+ the shale shaker directl) and can be dum%ed to %ore if it is undesired mud or contaminated, )- T#i" tank8 used +hen +e '$$H or 1ID to add mud inside hole or recei3es mud from hole res%ecti3el) 2.- !"ot 9 !1ee" 9 !l%g !"ot8 it is a high mud left on bottom. in order to '$$H +ith dr) %i%es as %ossible, !1ee"8 it is high 3iscosit) mud to clean hole from cuttings in order to clean onl), !l%g8 it is high mud +eight used to clean the string from cutting during the tri%%ing,
(#- >E1$ T$T0$ !2 take angle and direction sur3e) 22 1un +ith rotar) assembl) through motor. it could send its %ulses through the mud during the drilling, !2 take angle onl) 22 run through the %i%es and it reBuires being $ff bottom and sto%%ing drill . using es%ecial %iece of %i%e !2 take angle onl) 22 1un through the o%en hole b) using a +ire, C 20- T+"e$ o6 lo$$e$ 1- !%#6a4e lo$$e$8 it's the losses of mud due to surface eBui%ments like (desander. desilter. mud cleaner and centrifuge,) 2- Hole 6ill8 its mud needed to fill the hole, - Do1n hole lo$$e$: its mud lost in the formation due to fracturing or higher mud +eight 22- &i4k %" "oint 9 !la4k o6 "oint 9 *ota#+ 1eight 'ick u% %oint F +eight of drill string &lack of %oint F +eight of drill string : resistance of mud (no 1'() 1otar) +eight F +eight of drill string (+ith 1'() 3- (ent#ali=e# 9 $tabili=e# (ent#ali=e# for centering the casing !tabili=e# (%ut behind bit) for 1- +ell smoothing 2- building angle in side track
&teaf assembl) F bit G bit sub G stabili9er G -0 G &tabili9er G H#-' G -' Bendlum assembl) F bit G bit sub G stabili9er G -0 G H#-' G -' - :%d 4i#4%lation Acti3e tankH 'um%sH, &tand %i%e line H mud hose H s+i3els H stringH annulusH flo+ out line H shale shaker H acti3e tank, - ;a$ 4+4le 4lo+ out line ,,, degasser H +ater tra% (condensate bottle) H ditch line H suction %um% H flo+ controller H chromatogra%h (!I F ! %mm) The main jobs of the mud logger are to take care of: !2 >eological /ob, 22 -rilling /ob, ;2 -rilling fluids 1- ;eologi4al >ob? I ha3e to be res%onsible for: A) &am%ling: I should %re%are t+o sam%les, $ne dried. the other is +etted, The +etted sam%les are enclosed into s%ecific bags, $n both of the t+o sam%les +e +rite abo3e them three information's, (0om%an) name . +ell name and de%th from and to ), The sam%les must ha3e been +ashed and sie3ed to take the finest grains to make a thin section from it and to do the second ste% of the res%onsibilit). +hich is, B) -escri%tions: " It is done under s%ecific microsco%e to see the oil sho+s and take the other descri%tions of lithological %ercentages and %ro%erties, 2- D#illing8 #e ha3e to take care of man) of the drilling %arameters such as: A) Hook load8 Thi$ i$ the load on the hook thi$ i$ the $%//ation o6 the $t#ing$@ i?e?A the bit and (BHA) botto/ hole a$$e/bl+? B) Weight on bit ItB$ al1a+$ 4al4%lated 6#o/ the hook load and it$ de4#ea$e on it? !in4e i6 the HL i$ )33 tone$ and $%ddenl+ be4a/e '33 tone$ $o -thi$ di66e#en4e i$ d%e to the 6o#/ation #e$i$tan4e and thi$ i$ 4alled the WOB? !and (lo1e$t #e$i$tan4e) C $hale C $ilt C li/e C dolo$tone C anh+d#ite (highe$t #e$i$tan4e) The highe# the F: #e$i$tan4e@ the highe# the WOB? () !tand "i"e "#e$$%#e8 Thi$ i$ the "#e$$%#e o6 the "%/"ed 6l%id$ in$ide the "i"e$ and ho$e$? Thi$ i$ #elated highl+ to the !&:? D) (a$ing "#e$$%#e8 Thi$ i$ the "#e$$%#e o6 the "%/"ed 4e/ent into 4a$ing$? E) *ota#+ $"eed8 The $"eed o6 #otation o6 the $t#ing$@ 1hi4h i$@ $%""o#ted eithe# 6#o/ abo5e on to" d#i5e o# on the #ota#+ table on #ig 6loo#? F) *ota#+ to#-%e8 The #e$i$tan4e o6 the 6o#/ation to the d#illing and #otation o6 $t#ing$ The /o#e the #e$i$tan4e o6 6o#/ation@ the highe# eDe#ted to#-%e? ;) &%/" $"eed8 The $"eed$ o6 "%/"ing o6 /%d in$ide the "i"e$@ 1hi4h de"end on the n%/be# o6 $t#oke "e# /in%te o# in gene#al the e66i4ien4+ o6 "%/"? DBJ the diameter of the bit is that of caliber is that of the hole And the casing %i%es are smaller than them, If the torBue is 3er) high and +e increased the 1'( so there ma) be t+isting off the drill string ) D#illing 6l%id$8 A) 8olume, K B) (ud #t (densit)) into and out from hole, 0) (ud tem% into and out %ut from the hole, -) (ud conducti3it) (resisti3it)) into and out %ut from hole, E8 What a#e the $en$o#$ that 6eel all tho$e "a#a/ete#$F There are L; t)%es of the sensors such as: !2 'ressure transducer8 ANALOG;E L &tand%i%e %ressure sensors, L 0asing %ressure sensors, L Hooks load sensors, L TorBue sensors, L (ud +eight sensors, 22 'ulse sensors8 DI;ITAL L (agnet sensors (&'(. 1'(), L Limits s+itch sensors,ieJ mechanical (1'(. &'() L -ra+ +ork sensors, ;2 Mltra sonic sensors, ('8T) C2 Tem% sensors, "2 (udflo+ out sensors K2 H)drocarbon sensors, N2 H)drogen sulfide sensors, O2 0onducti3it) sensors, P2 Tem% 6 mud +eight out sensor, NBA HH When de"th i$ in4o##e4t@ go to data g" in $o6t1a#e and ente# de"th 4o##e4tion@ then 1#ite ne1 5al%e o6 total de"th and 4li4k on bit de"th al$o to be ad>%$ted? And t#+ to do that 1hen Kell+ i$ $to" /o5ing? HH When the $tand i$ on botto/ 1ith $"e4i6i4 !&: the "#e$$%#e di66e#$ to $o/e eDtent than 1hen it i$ o66 botto/ 1ith $a/e !&:? WA!H and *EA:IN;8 ItI$ a "#o4e$$ o6 1idening and 4leaning the hole a6te# the d#illing o6 e5e#+ one !TD? B+ /o5ing %" and do1n 1ith *&:@ !&:? HHWhen 1e /ake &OOH and 4hange$ bit o# an+ like that@ then 1e *IH 1e $ho%ld 4hange #%n no and 6ile no@ and ente# the ne1 bit data o# i6 it$ #e#%n again? HH *O& 6o# #o4k$ i$8 (&and. shale. siltstone. salt. anh)d. limestone. dolomite. basement), HH *OTATION &E* :INGTE I! DI*E(TL< &*O&O*TIONAL TO THE TO*EGE? Theory of any pressure sensor is {sensitive diaphragm that affected with any pressure lay on it, and its contacted with oil to give sensor. N E8 Ho1 4an I di66e#entiate bet1een the di66e#ent lithologie$F !and $tone Li/e$tone !hale Anh+d#ite !alt 1-!D8 L$e@ 4l$$@ "nk@ +ell$h 1h@ o44J g+@ 4#$e- 5? 4#$e g#nd@ o44J "ebbl+@ ang - $%b ang@ "oo# $#td@ 1J %" to )3K 6ld$"? 2-!D8 L$e@ "nk@ o44J g+@ /d - 4#$e g#nd@ o44 J 5? 4#$e @ ang - $%b ang@ "oo# $#td@ 1J %" to 23K 6ld$"? -6a$te# *O& 1- L$t8 Tan$h 1h@ o66 1h@ b#n$h g+@ 4#+"toDin@ $6t- /od hd@ a#g? 2-Dol8 Tan$h g+@ b#n$h g+@ 4#+"toDln- /i4#oDln@ hd- 5?hd? -*ea4t$ 1ith H (l 1- !h8 ;+@ b#1n$h g+@ g#n$h g+@ $%b blk+ - $%b 6lk+ @ /od 6#/ - 6#/ @ non 4al4 - $li 4al4@ Dolo/it48 tan$h b#n$h@ tan$h g+@ 4#+"toDln- /i4#oDln@ /od hd- hd? 1- Anh8 (#/+ 1h@ /lk+ 1h@ 1h@ 4l$$@ /od hd -hd @ 4#+"toDln? 2-Anh8 <el$h 1h@ o66 1h@ "$td@ $6t@ 4#+"toDln? -*ea4t$ 1ith Ba !O' 1- !alt8 Anh iJ" 2-!alt -!ALINIT< TE!T 9 &oo# #et%#n 9 Fa$t *O& F#ee "oint indi4ato# The "oint at 1hi4h the+ 4an /ake 4%t 6o# the $ti4k+ $t#ing@ 6i#$tl+ the+ t#+ to /ake >a##ing to 6#ee thi$ "oint? Flo1 4he4k The te$t done to noti4e the le5el o6 /%d in$ide the 4ond%4to#? Leak o6 te$t Thi$ te$t done a6te# ea4h 4a$ing and the beginning o6 ne1 o"en hole @ thi$ o44%#$ b+ d#illing o6 ten 6eetI$ nea#l+ to kno1 1hat i$ the allo1able "#e$$%#e on the 6o#/ation? Mud or air Diaphragm Oil Sensor Wire O &%/"ing a high 5i$ /%d ItI$ a high 5i$4o$it+ /%d "%/"ed to 4lean the hole 6#o/ an+ 4%tting$ o# L(: o# (:T 4onta/ination? L%nk $a/"le (/agnet) ItI$ the /etal 4%tting$ 4o/e 6#o/ the 6#i4tion bet1een the (!; "i"e$ and the D&? (a#bide te$t ItI$ the te$t done to 4alib#ate the ga$ $+$te/ 4h#o/atog#a"hA itI$ al$o %$ed to eDa/ine the 1a$h in hole b+ 4al4%lating the lag $t#oke$? HH (al4%late the a/o%nt o6 lo$$e$ i6 no #et%#n8 Bbl$Jh#$ M &O& N T!&: N ,3 HH (al4%late the (TFA) ---------- total 6lo1 a#ea MMMM M (Let $i=eJ2J2) 2 N 22J. N no o6 >et$ i6 the+ e-%al? I6 the >et$ i$ o"ened $o MMMMMMMMMMMthe $i=e i$ 2 H E(DMMMMMMMi$ the e-%i5alent 4i#4%lated den$it+ Thi$ i$ the /%d 1t in the d+na/i4 $tate? HH ;&: M &O& N !&: N '2 HH &O& M (LD) 2 N length $t#oke N e66i4ien4+ N 3?3332' E8 HOW TO (ALIB*ATE THE &OT !EN!O*F 1- One do%ble "#e$$ ---------' :A --------------5al%e---------------#ea4h it to 2?03 2- To1 do%ble "#e$$----------23 :A-------------5al%e---------------#ea4h it to 3?)3 - Fo%# do%ble "#e$$---------$"eed---------------5al%e---------------#ea4h it to 1 HH In 4a$e o6 "a#tial lo$$e$@ 1e add L(: in the /%d@ /ake $hale $hake# (b+- "a$$)@ i6 itB$ 4ontin%ed $o add $ea 1ate# in$tead o6 /%d to #ed%4e the 4o$t? Type of losses: 1-!%#6a4e lo$$e$ --------itI$ the lo$$e$ o6 /%d d%e to $%#6a4e e-%i"/ent$ like (de$ande#@ de$ilte#@ /%d 4leane# and 4ent#i6%ge)? 2-Hole 6ill---------------itI$ the /%d needed to 6ill the hole M (ID) 2 N1 6eetJ1322 -Do1n hole lo$$e$---- itI$ the /%d lo$t in the 6o#/ation d%e to 6#a4t%#ing o# highe# /%d 1t? P Dogleg 1ell Thi$ i$ 1ell de5iated@ tend$ to be ho#i=ontal? !li" and 4%t ItI$ the "#o4e$$ o6 eli/ination o6 the old 1o#n 1i#e on the d#a1 1o#k and in$talling o6 ane1 one 6#o/ the dead line #eel onto the d#a1 1o#k? D%#ing thi$ "#o4e$$@ the+ hang the to" d#i5e $o the hook load $en$o# #ead$ a /ini/%/ 5al%e like 2) k lb$? HHH The >%n4tion bet1een 2 D& i$ 4alled -------TOOL LOINT? While that bet1een 2 4a$ing$ "i"e$ i$ 4alled ---(A!IN; (OLLA* ? HH The ga$ $+$te/ in the %nit 4o/"o$ed o68 12D!"##$ : this is a :OTO* +ith agitator to liberate the gases from the mud, 22#%&T'() *%+* : this used to suck the gases from the WATE* T*A& through the DIT(H LINE ? ,- *)%+"T'& *"). : this is used to filter the gasses that coming from the %um% into the gas s)stem '2."$! &(+*$##($ : this is used to make alarm for H2& and e*iting of an) +ater or mud in the ditch line, )2#+".. &(+*$##($ : this is used to su%%l) an air needed for ignition, ,2/0D$(!) !)$"T($ : this main source of h)drogen 6+ork b) the distilled +ater ioni9ation into (H and $), .2Total gas detector: is for the o3erall gas Buantit) detection, 02&atalytic chromatograph: for sam%ling and timing of anal)sis, 221'D chromatograph: for the gas sam%le anal)sis into their com%onents, ------------------------------------------------------------ 7: Ho1 to kno1 the 1a$h o%t in "i"e$F B+ $%dden "#e$$%#e d#o" 1hile d#illing? HHThi$ /a+ be d%e to the "%/" de e66i4ien4+ o# leak in the $tand "i"e line $o the+ /%$t /ake 4he4k on both in o#de# to 4on6i#/ that i$ 1a$h o%t in "i"e@ Al$o it /a+ be d%e to lo$$ o6 the >et$? HHThe#e a#e 2 t+"e$ o6 4#a4k$ eithe# 8- 1-5e#ti4al8 That i$ 1hen in4#ea$ing the WOB@ the 4#a4k in4#ea$e$ and the "#e$$%#e 1ill 4ontin%e d#o"$? 2-ho#i=ontal8 That on de4#ea$ing the WOB@ the "#e$$%#e$ 1ill in4#ea$e? ! E8 Ho1 to 4al4%late the 1a$h o%t de"thF O M P(id) 2 N LN4on$tQ R P(d-od) 2 NLN4on$tQ Whe#e--------- id@ od ---------6o# the d#ill "i"e? d--------------- 6o# the o"en hole o# 4a$ing dia/ete#? OOE*&GLL8 ItI$ the $%dden in4#ea$e in the HKLD #eading 1hile &OOH@ d%e to the tight $"ot in the hole? TWI!T OFF8 Thi$ i$ the 4%t o6 the d#ill $t#ing 6#o/ an+ 1eak "oint like the tool >oint$ that i$ "#edi4ted b+ $ha#" d#o" in !&& and $ha#" d#o" in HKLD? HH The addition o6 ne1 /%d o6 di66e#ent : WT 4an di66e# the total : WT in the hole@ $o the#e 1ill be di66e#en4e in the H<D*O!TATI( &*E!!G*E? :WD ;<*O TOT (O 1-it take angel and di#e4tion $%#5e+? 2-it #an 1ith #ota#+ a$$e/bl+ th#o%gh /oto# it 4o%ld $end it$ "%l$e$ th#o%gh the /%d d%#ing the d#illing? 1-it take$ angel onl+? 2-it #an th#o%gh the "i"e$ and it #e-%i#e$ being o66 botto/ and $to""ing d#ill@ %$ing a $"e4ial "ie4e o6 "i"e? 1-it take$ angel onl+? 2-it #an th#o%gh the o"en hole b+ %$ing a 1i#e? Ni""ling %" Bo"8 ItI$ the $etting %"9 in$talling o6 the BO& 6o# the ne1 o"en hole@ 1hi4h 6ollo1ed b+ the BO& te$t to $ee 1hat i$ the /aDi/%/ allo1able "#e$$%#e on the ann%l%$? FA!T B*EAK8 It /ean$ the *O& i$ high d%e to $o6t 6o#/ation? D*ILL OFF8 ItI$ 4o/ing o66 botto/ "o$ition a6te# the d#illing "#o4e$$? BA(K FLG!H (&G*;E)8 ItI$ the "#o4e$$ o6 eDiting the 1ate# o# an+ /%d 6#o/ the dit4h line in o#de# not to "l%g thatA b+ $1it4hing on the 4o/"#e$$o# and o"ening the 1ate# t#a"? HH We $ho%ld in4#ea$e the /%d 1eight in4a$e o6 d#illing high "#e$$%#i=ed $hale in o#de# not to 4a%$e /e4hani4al $t%4k and al$o 1e $ho%ldnIt in4#ea$e abo5e li/ited 5al%e in o#de# not to /ake di66e#ential $t%4k? !! HH Li/e $and+ teDt%#e2222222itI$ the litholog+ o6 li/e$tone in $ha"e o6 $and $i=eA hen4e it 4an #ea4t 1ith h+d#o4hlo#i4 a4id 1itho%t an+ ""t? HH !and+ li/e$tone22222222222it$ li/e$tone and $and $tone /iDed #o4k@ 1hen #ea4t$ 1ith H(l it gi5e$ ""t? 2222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222 (AL(GLATION OF THE BOTTO: G&8 Bbl$M P(id) 2 -(od) 2 QNLJ1322 D& !t#oke$Mbbl$J&O& Ti/eM$t#oke$JT? $"/ HOLE (AL(GLATION OF THE (A&A(IT<8 Bbl$M(id) 2 NLJ1322 !t#oke$Mbbl$J&O& Ti/eM $t#oke$JT? $"/ (HOLE o# D&) (AL(GLATION OF THE DI!&LA(E:ENT IN THE T*I&&IN;8 Bbl$M(od) 2 -(id) 2 NLJ1322
The "a$$ o6 the $ignal$ 6#o/ and into the %nit i$8 P!en$o#--!a6et+ ba##ie#-- /od%laDA!--&hilli"$--on lineQ The DAE i$ the 4onne4ting node o6 thi$ $+$te/@ $o itI$ 4onne4ted to $e#5e# 5ia *!-22 4onne4tion th#o%gh 4a#d in the $e#5e# 4alled :OSA@ 1hi4h i$ al$o 4onne4ted to the #ig /onito# th#o%gh the DAE? DAE i$ 6eeding the $en$o#$ 1ith the #e-%i#ed "o1e# th#o%gh the !AFET< BA**IE* 9 4on$e-%entl+ the DAE 4olle4t$ the $en$o#$ data th#o%gh the $a6et+ ba##ie#? The DAE /od%le$ al$o a#e 6eeding the &HILLI&! #e4o#de# 1ith the data? The i/"o#tan4e o6 the $a6et+ ba##ie#8 1-6eeding the $en$o#$ 1ith #e-%i#ed "o1e#? !2 The difference of the outer diameter than the inner diameter is the thickness of the %i%e, 2-i$olate $en$o#$ 6#o/ the DAE? -"#ote4t the $+$te/ 6#o/ bad 4onne4tion$ ($ho#t 4i#4%it@ o"en (i#4%it 4ondition$? Bit $%b8 ItI$ the 4onne4tion bet1een the D( and the bit@ and itI$ abo5e the bit di#e4tl+? Kell+ do1n8 ItI$ the end "oint o6 Kell+ nea# the #ota#+ tableA a""#oDi/atel+ itI$ the height o6 the old $tand /in%$ 2- 6eetI$ Kell+ %"8 ItI$ the beginning "oint o6 the Kell+ in the to" o6 the /a$t@ the height o6 ne1 $tand "l%$ 2- 6eetI$ 2-WI&E* T*I& &OOH 22222itB$ $ho#t t#i" to the la$t 4a$ing $hoe in the 1ell? *I!E* The long t%be (4ond%4to#) that %$ed onl+ in o66$ho#e #ig$ to 4onne4t bet1een the 6loo# and the o"ening o6 the hole@ and on the botto/ the BO& i$ #e$et on the $ea 6loo#? FO*:ATION INTE;*ATED TE!T8 ItI$ the te$t on ) 6eetI$ o6 the 6o#/ation a6te# 4a$ing and a6te# the+ d#ill the $hoe$@ b+ "%/"ing /%d in 4lo$ing o6 the hole to kno1 the a/o%nt o6 "#e$$%#e allo1able on the 6o#/ation@ thi$ "oint i$ kno1n 6#o/ the de4#ea$e in the "#e$$%#e a6te# it$ in4#ea$e? I6 itI$ "%/"ed 6#o/ the 4e/ent "%/" itB$ 4alled 2."3 (11 T#T4. (e/ent >ob8 5"'T () &+)T abo%t ,-12 ho%#$ a44o#ding to the de"th o6 the 4a$ing? The 6(TT(+ *.%! i$ added be6o#e "%/"ing the $"a4e#@ While the %**$ *.%! i$ added a6te# "%/"ing the $l%##+? !; LO!!E! KI(K 1-DE(*EA!E IN THE &IT OOLG:E WITH *E!&E(T TO HOLE FILL!? 22IN(*EA!E IN THE !&& @ WITH !A:E !T*OKE!? -IN (A!E OF (O:&LETE LO!!@ NO :GD FLOW OGT *ETG*N? '- )- ,- 1-IN(*EA!E IN THE &IT! OOLG:E ? 2-DE(*EA!E IN THE !&& 9IT :A< IN(*EA!E !&: OF &G:&!? -IN(*EA!E IN THE :GD TE:&E*ATG*E ? '-DE(*EA!E IN :GD WT )-:AS *EADIN; OF ;A! THAN BA(K ;*OGND ;A!E!? ,-FA!T B*EAK IN *O&? )6 When the "%/"$ $1it4hed on@ it 1ill 4on$%/e /an+ ba##el$ to 6ill the line$ (no lo$$e$)@ While the "%/"$ $1it4hed o66@ it 1ill ba4k the /%d in line$ (no gain)? 22222222222222222222222222222222222222 T+"e$ o6 ga$e$8 7- 6ack ground gas. 8- &onnection gas. ,- Trip gas. 9 &irculation gas. !-%ee=e8 It5s the %rocess of in/ection the cement. it5s done b) running (cement returner tool) and its +ork through %um%ing cement at bottom then it +ill %lug the cement, :o#gatol ba4te#ial a4id)8 Its ata*ic additi3e is %laced in the geochemical sam%les to %reser3e it, !&& in4#ea$e 1ith $a/e !&: !&& de4#ea$e 1ith $a/e !&: 1-:%d 1eight i$ in4#ea$ed? 2->et$ /a+ be "l%gged? -:WD "#oble/$ i6 "#e$ent? 1-:%d 1eight i$ de4#ea$ed? 2-lo$$ing o6 >et$? -the de6i4ien4+ o6 the "%/"$ (&O&) !C LLL Do carbide test occurs in oil base mud unless +e add +ater in the test bet+een the to+ %i%e connections, E8 What i$ e66e4t o6 in4#ea$ing the /%d 1eightF 1- It /a+ 4a%$e 6#a4t%#ing to the 6o#/ation $o lo$$e$? 22 I6 it didnIt /ake lo$$e$ d%e to i/"e#/eable 6o#/ation@ it 1o%ld /ake i/"a4t 6o#4e on the *O&? - Al$o it 4an a66e4t on the bit hen4e it 1ill a66e4t all the d#illing? !"ot8 ItI$ a high /%d 1eight /%d le6t on botto/@ in o#de# to "ooh 1ith d#+ "i"e$ a$ "o$$ible? !l%g8 ItI$ a high /%d 1eight %$ed to 4lean the $t#ing 6#o/ 4%tting$ d%#ing the t#i""ing? HTH&8 High tem% high %ressure in case of oil base mud and its eBui3alent to +ater loss in case of +ater base mud,
!4ab line#8 Its re3erse liner ran abo3e the liner to su%%ort, And it must be of high grade, !tinge#8 Its ;,"Q -' used +hen +e %um%ing cement %lug to close a hole also +hen +e drill KQ, D%#ing "%lling $t#ing8 4luid le3el dro% (ft) F %i%e dis%lacement (bbl) R (annular ca%acit) G %i%e ca%acit)) &o H)d %ress loss due to %ulling F (,"2= ( +t = le3el dro%) After %ooh " &T-. the le3el +ill decrease in the hole soJ +e need to fill the hole after e3er) " &T- &o the strokes to fill the hole F (%i%e dis%lacement (bbl)R'$') &#e$$%#e lo$$8 'ressure e*%anded +here fluid flo+ through %i%e and annulus since there is resistance to flo+. such as dro% S (string 6bit6annular6surface) It de%ends on: 2fluid %ro%erties, 2 &i"e di/en$ion$? 2 Flo1 #ate o6 6l%id? 'ressure on the formation F (h)d %ress Gim%osed %ress G%ress loss) !li" 5elo4it+8 !" The 5elo4it+ o6 the 4%tting$ to get to botto/ 1ith e66e4t o6 g#a5it+ onl+ 1hen the "%/" i$ $1it4hed o66? *e+nold$ no8 The 6a4to#@ 1hi4h dete#/ine the t+"e o6 6lo1 6o# an+ 6l%id@ When itI$ in4#ea$ed than 2333$o it$ t%#b%lent 6lo1 that hel" in 4leaning the hole e$"e4iall+ at the d#ill 4olla# a#ea@ 1hi4h i$ $"i#al? When itI$ de4#ea$ed than 2333$o itI$ a la/ina# 6lo1 $%4h that at the d#ill "i"e Fill %" tool8 It$ tool added to the to" d#i5e in 4a$e o6 4a$ing #%nning in o#de# to 6ill the t%be a6te# /an+ >oint$? What do +o% do to /ake WOB in the d#illing o6 (:T 1ith kno1ing that bit de"th i$nBt e-%al to total de"thF (AL(GLATION BOG<ANT WEI;HTOF D*ILL !T*IN; OFF BOTTO: MMMMMMMMENTE* THE OFF BOTTO: NEEDED TO (AL(GLATE F*O: WHI(H THE WEI;HT D*ILL !T*IN; WEI;HTMMMMMMMMM TO ENTE* THE NEW OALGE OF THE OFF BOTTO:8 (TD-FLOAT (OLLA* DE&TH)M OALGE (WHI(H I! NEEDED) TO BE OFFBOTTO: TO (AL(GLAT WOB LT$ (AKT THT &$4T#A1T 0AL0MLATT &TAD-& #HI0H 0AT0H THT LIDT1 0A&ID>: TDTT1 THT &TAD-& DM(BT1 ID (-1ILL &T1ID> >T$(TT1E) !K