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3 I Wonderful World
Exciting news from around che
world.
10I Cadgets
Technology fan? if (he answer is yes,
you should check our momhly
seleetion of cool gizmos.
----
----.
26 I BIO:Eluls
Roek loS!i" royalty 30 yearsago,
bU[ he lives on.
Plus...
2 I CD-ROMeontents
20 I Bonsal: The art
of mlnlaturlzlng trees
34 I Surululng the workforce
36 I Tennls Teeh
38 I MusleReuiew
45 I EngllshTlps &Trleks
48 I Trlula: The Sopranos
Contents
12I Toxlchouse: Your body isindanger
POlenlially harrnful chemicals arefound in many of lhe items lhal make OUI
livesconvenienr. cornfortable and safc. And they're in people.
18I Fashion: Rackto the future
Fashion's latest experiment? A sleek, monoch,romatic silhouecte in high-tech
fab,ics.
I
22 I Eggdonation
28 I Cityguide: D~lhi
The sharp joy you feel when youeplane [Duchesclown isshort-lived in India as
you realizenow you museget in a taxi. Goodbye order. upkeep. hygiene, cau-
tion. Helio dent king. HelIo chaos.
32I Mobilecomn:-
erce
Calling all shoppers! Buzz getting [oudel around lhe business.
I
40I Storytelling:
The Model Millonalre
I
2 Actual En lish I SSUE 04

-ROM Contents
The enalso helps readers improve [hcir
pronuncia[ion. because ic comains [he anidt's
in audio formaL
itu"
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I nterface
Our inreracrive eD-ROM neludes additional reaching material for
c:ach article. which allows readers ro test [he comprehension level
rhey have achieved with rhe texts.

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Full uocabulary
&Translations
On the mai, sereen 01 the (O.ROM you'lI
lind a link lo a PDF file that (ontains
definitions and translations of aH the
artjcles,
We~llsoincluded a selenion of dictionaries and
cranslamrs for your \X'indows pe.You can
install , hel11 direcrly [rol11 [he CD- ROt, l.
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Actiuities
I r has differem typcs of activiries, from c1assic mulriple- choice and
lrue- or- false cxc:rcises to fun wonhearches.
I I 1UI O:'TOXI C HOI JSf' ItiU'.~:~O':i ATll. )AOOS. Mk(o: 1l.~1JOOf'S EdilOf.a!es1l\l~'n~nOfl<t!ess d~c.v. Tl!I .SClO- ':SI 5I CdiG je 1f'1(O) Fol' 563s- coe'. ~ telI W"4''''~.is, wm. ~:t
I !llm'''I Cl' $1'1costo' 01.800- 0055.800 Atg~nlll'la: liD/I c;'l!I os. W QfI iI la. p:oalos aI /Ol') 4110- 8100 el! 10 a 13. ce 14 a 11 OrKnb.J .ltaGtsCrt'dlMrs.(I )'l1 I lMto df Latinoamri(a: e>tri!la
fOQfeiih4.n!!'irom CO.flOt, ', 1O5C[).!lOl~ I I ld" tri :, apU:I I , ...ati6tlarra, ;esan "" I '!ttlk;tO<Of1uol.i>cal dd :'Jgl;na~ f(~as f!- I tlf'"~" p:oblemiJ$tri tu <1 ...oon ~l'lOpe'm!ffl 1" (onecte
leeMa:le loS Cts Si ~I e es SlJCM jlOf!MX' (crr.un~ ((WlrostlUOS a los !'I !!i)'lOS\' cl"'Cdor1es q J <' flgu'an o1l1iba.1 D1SiF:BU1DORESA! , , : Cap ~ Vaare SI nct1ez y CI 8. SA, MCrefl() 794 P, S(
9 (10911. Cludac 01'BuenO! ol.J'el' "':tenor. DI SA. r:, .lujs saom z Pe\a 18!6 Cr..ld dI ' Buen()sAj', s.1 , ;~.j'o:ClTfM SA de C, V., f.', ~ Cfb, W No.101 Col XoroiahUlilTla'neOill'tla, :stadc deMe~, (o.l
PeI : Ds~'i!)Uldma BCli'I ', llwlaA~R~p;bI ic;&.> f'anaml, 3631- 3637, Sin I lid'o. Urna Itlruguay Elpefl SR l., GJdadela 1416. ~l)flltyldlc'O. J CMe. DI S:1~dora V ~Dnm SA Riquel!ll'!tl' 840, Sa'lll<3go.
I I '!: 668.7383.) B~I I \'la:AI I ~r>oaMd, ;rna Uda. <;eneloll Achf e- oU2 , Ce. ~E2. CiXt, barrba te1: OO~914- 4n1414.1 V>rezuela lMu.budora COl:illi'ntal BloQul'de Armas, ediff(Jo B1(lq.le ce Arrl'J\ Piw
~f'.{w, Sa'l M~I 11,(I \Ke(011h'lal ;"V la f'dZ.Ca!aca~1 f'alagwr Sf.!...:done> SAC., Coro'lel G'Jeia 225, MtJr>dtl.1 Tod.ls:dl m~rus rnfl'lcillfladls'iOOpI ()tl, , , dM Oesus '.~vos d.. ws. I mp'elOl!rl
i<CI!of1"0.''6.1CO:l1TI I ;hl O I~- W.MI Oia;a SAo CI ~e~ddf B~"nos A"M, A"lo.'f'.!lI ld.1 E.mail: 3(lu 1pnqlish~tedllsers.com.1 Hedv) el Oep6sn~Ol* marca La1') Ella pub.'lcadr> no pUl!CeS'l'reO'(I '
dudda. r.i en lcd~ ni en parte nt rftltstrada eo o lI at1Srlilida por un sisll!fllade I Ku.>era.:iOl1ee I nforlTl<\(l(n. en r.ing;na :u!"'I<IlIi lIOl'I lngttn lJll''o, sta fT1~nlClI .futllq'.litroco. eem6nico. rra'}nfHo, pif.'(.
lloOjr.KO, por ~,xoPa ()euaquf! Ol1O,~n el ~f"liS( plt'Ylo1 por t\OlO d~ ~ta usa td.lDf al (el 2001 ' Mo:. Cl, ld:~_ Tr, tA.m' lfl'ormiltoOfl SerI 'QS
lelle Hcul- t laed, - B~"'flOiAvMDald!J<l, 1001 ~{ ~8 p, Xh28 ano(, ), (lllal En!!':J I) ~1l1l918.~31.1.l1(.(i8.li 11. Educ.xl6n COO31'0
lVews ' . , UPPER INTERMEDIATE / ADVANCED 3
l
KimBrown demonstrates pole
dancing in her basement studio
in J ackson Township, Ohio. Kim
tea ches pole dancing in her
horne. Installing poles in homes is
becoming a popular trend.
said Keith Scheinberg, ehief exeeu-
tive offieer of Platinum Stages, a
company that sellssupplies to exorie
dance clubs. His company sells
about 200,000 of the poles ayear,
and sales ro home users consricU[c
the majority of his business.
"Ir used ro be so taboo," but the fit-
ness aspeet has made dance poles
more aeeeptable, he said.
In reality, pole-dancing fimess romi-
nes are closer to gyrnnasrics (han
bump and grind
6
. Advaneed pole
daneers perform sueh aerobatic feats
as spinning upside down and hol-
ding themselves a1on
7
in gravity-
defying poses, relying solely on ,heir
strength. Sorne of che movcs are
suggesrive8, bur on the whole, [he
dances are more arhletic (han erotic.
I Mary Berh Breckmridge
IT HAS EMERGED FROM THE SULTRY2SCENE OF GENTLEMEN'S
CLUBS INTO FITNESS STUDIOS, WHERE IT'S BECOME AN
INCREASINGLY POPULAR TYPE OF WORKOUT FOR WOMEN.
AND NOW IT'S EVE:-J MAKING ITS WAY' INTO THE HO:-.1E.
You MIGHT SAY THIS EXERCISE
trend is hot. We re not talking
about its popularity, although it is
growing fast in areas where it' s
caught on
4
. Rather, were referring
[Q es origin: strip joims.
Practitioners are adding dance
poles ro rooms from the basement
ro the boudoir
s
. Sorne of the users
see pole dancing as away ro add a
litrle excitement ro a relationship,
bur [or mos( ir's a way ro get
Madonna arms and Brimey Spears
abdominals while enhancing their
sensuality. Besides, it's fun, ,aid
IGm Brown, who teaehes pole-dan-
cing classes. She spends about a
half-hour evety day or two working
out. She finds it so enjoyable ,hat
she hardly realizes shes exereising.
That desire for easy aeeess isdriYing
sales of dance poles 10 home lL'ers,
Home DANCE POlES'
gain popularity
VOCABULARV
1 dance pole(s): a mle/stick uscJ ir pole dancing (a form of dancing/gyrnnastics that ukcs muscub.' cndurance and coordinadon as well as
scnsuality) 1 2 sultry: (cspl"cially of a wllman) 5exually atrractive in a way ,hal 5Ugg~tS sexual dt:5ire I 3 make(ing) (it5) way: to 5ucceed in
reachinp; a place or goal 14 caught on: (past and pa.sr participlc of catch on) to become popular 1 5 boudoir: (French) a woman's dressing room,
lx.Jroom. or privare sining room 1 6 bump and grind: a type of close panner Jance wherc two or more d.mccrs rub their bodies aga:nsr cach other
in a manner pcrceived as sexually suggesrivc. 1 , is popular in the housc and hip~hop dance sr)'les. h is often per.orrnc:d ar nig.;tclubs and panies thar play
ILOlIM~<llld bip-llUJl I llll.'ic 1 1 aloft: lI Jl iD or inro rhe air I 8 suggestive: hinting ar or hringin~ro mind sexual manen; mildlr indecenr
4
Fashionable
DOGS
OK, SO MAYBE YOU WOULDN'T DREAM OF BUYlNG A
$3,000 DRESS FOR YOURSELF. BUT FOR YOUR DARLlNG
DOG? TOTALLY DIFFERENT STORY,
TEACUP5 PUPPIE5 & BOUTIQUE IN HOLLYWOOD 15 CARRYING A
limired-edition frack' by Susan Lanci [oc Swarovski, wirh rhousands
of hand.sewn
2
stone burrcrflies and flowers. Goly 10 wece made;
Teacups has {hree. "People ger absolutely crazy when ir comes ro eheie
dogs: [hey go all ourl," says Mimad Badgett, ownet ofMy Baby Has
Pawz in Pembroke Pines.
WHAT CHIHUAHUA WANTS, CHIHUAHUA GETS
SociaBteGail Posner's year-old Chihuahua has her own bedroorn
(with balh), lunches daily al The Shore Club in Miami wilh her full-
time nanny and gers week.1y grooming4 sessions with massages, pedi-
cures and manicures. Posner daims ro spend roughly $15.000 a
monrh on her bdoved, one-pound fur balL
The dearest itemin [hehauteS hound
6
's possessionisaCaniee oee-
Caramel. a Yorkie. models the 53.000 Garden
Party dress. This handmade. one-of-a-kind
creation by Susan lanci Oesign has Swarovski
crystal on raw silk, and is available at
Teacups Boutique in Hollywood.
klaceworrh 15K. But afteechoking on ir a few
monrhs back, she refuses ro pur it on. A dog's
/ife? Notm[.1 Ma&kinr Marr '
1 frock: a woman's or gir!'s dressi a loo$(' baggy ourer garmenr wirh slecves mar covers the top half ofrhe bodyro bdow the waist. rradilionally
worn by artists and farm workers; aloost frJ lI-lengrh gown wirh wide slecves wom by the monks, friars. or cienes of sorne rdigious orders I 2 hand-
sewn: sewn by hand rather rhan machine I 3 go all out: (idiomatic) ro reserve norhing: ro pur forth all possible dfon ar resources I 4
grooming: me things th.at rou do ro make rour .appe.arancetidy and pleaum, for eumple brushing Y(lurhair, or 1hethings rhar yotl do tu kecp
an anim.al's hair or fur citan and ridy IS haute: (French) fashionable, high-class 16hound: adog with floppy cars, short hair, and adcep bark.
bdonging ro a breed originally developed for huming I 7 droppings: cxc:remem produced by animals I 8 nibble(ing) away: WI:lkesmall
bires out of something producing gradual etosion I 9 bird feeder(s): :moUldoor container for bird fced, used [O auract wild birds
FUNIBER Argentina informa que se encuentra abierta la inscripcin a BECAS (ciclo 2007-2008)
Masters y especializaciones con Iftulos de universidades espaolas
Los cursos son desarrollados a distancia (sin clases presenciales)
Cada alumno dispone de acceso a un campus virtual y recibe el material de estudio, en su domicilio
Uahrnicbd
drJ.a~a
_ _MIo
y
Uaiunidad b'!lbllluriLo
dd Pan V.\ro l'nibtfhitaln
Master (24 meses)
Diploma (18 meses)
in Teaching English as a Foreign Language
en Formacin de Profesores de Espaol como Lengua Extranjera
Certificados I Certificates (4 a 8 meses)
A - Fundamentos De La Enseanza-aprendizaje De Lenguas
A - Second Language L:.earning And Teaching
B - Aplicaciones En La Enseanza-aprendizaje De Lenguas
B - Methodologies And Materials In Language Learning And Teaching
C - Cultura Y Lengua Espaola
C - Curriculum And Course Design
www.funiber.org
Avda. Rivadavia 2206, 2A
Ciudad Autnoma de Buenos Aires
(+5411) 4953.1083 - 4953.1078
arge nti na@fu ni ber. org
Smokers
t ake more
sick days
THEY ARE TAKING TIMEOUTSG FROM
WORK BESIDES CIGARETTE BREAKS:
THEY AVERAGE MORE THAN 25 PERCENT
MORE SICK OAY SA Y EAR THAN THEIR
NONSMOKING COllEAGUES, A NEW
STUOY HAS FOUNO.
Employees who smoked ,ook an averageof 34
sick days ayear, compared wim neady 20 by
,hose who had neve, smoked and 25 by ex-smo-
km, acco,ding ro a study of Swedish wo,kets in
me curtent issueof me joum.I Tobacco Conrtol.
Tha' aetualIywo,ked ou' 'o eigb' extra days
atter taking mo accounr charaeteristics of woc-
kets' jobs ma, migb' pu, mem a' added tisk of
iIIness, wrote me aumors, who analyzed insuran~
ceda,a ITom14,000 Swedish wotkets.
Ametican workets averagefar fewe, ,ick days
man ,he Swedes, bU[ 'tudie, havefound U.S.
smokers miss work more than nonsmokers, too.
A 2001 study of 300 U.S. workets found ma,
,mokets averagedfour ,ick day' ayear, compared
wim 1.3 daysfo, nonsmokets. Smoking .I,o was
associated with poorer w~rkperformance.
Smokets we'e lesslikely ro enlist fo, eigb' year,
man non,mokets, and mote likely ro be dischar-
ged
7
fo, medical 'ea.sons. lJo~n Li~
1 array: a large group of things oc peoplc. e!iped U y one which is amactivc oc caus~admiradoR and ohen one which has becn posidoncd in a
particular way 1
2
l owl y: low in rank, mtus, oc imponance I 3 f l aunt : ro show sorncthing off: ro di spl .2.y sorncthing ostcntatiowly 1 4 gU 5sylng
up: (informal) ro drt.ss somcbody in fanc.y dothes. oc decorare somcrhing e1 aborately 1 5 knlckknack(s): a small decorativc object, especially in a
housc 1
6
tlmeout(s): in some games. a bceak taken [Oallow pIaren to cest. receive medica] ueatment, confcr. oc be subsritutcd. Figurarivdr. a rime
in whic.h an employee is abscnt [O his/her Job O c a jwti6cd ceason 1 7 dlscharged: to be relicvcd oc dcpri',ed of officc. employment. etc.; dismissed
from scrvice
S M A L L B U S I N E S S ?
E X P A N D I T !
Allow us lo check if the conlenl of E XP ANDITfils vour company's ~
I ;
needs, and Ihen receive Ihis leader publicalion in lechnology for 5M B I

F R E E O F C H A R G E F O R 12 M O N T H S i
~
. ;' ~.. (011) 4110-8700 I . usershop@redusers.com

l n
8
Che ical s
FR~GRANCES
SHOPSMART, A NEW PUBLICATION FROM THE PUBLISHERS
OF CONSUMER REPORTS, WARNS OF HIDDEN CHEMICALS
IN COSMETICS.
,
"
. . . -
-
\
The winter issue cites phthalates', whieh it
says may be Iinked to developmental and
reproduetive health risks, P hthalates can be
found in lotions, hair sprays, perfumes and
deodorants, yet often are not Iisted on produet
labels,
ShopSmart eondueted independent tests for
phthalates on eight fragranees, ineluding
Celine Dion P arfums Eau de Toilette Spray,
Clinique Happy P erfume Spray, Elizabeth Taylor
White Diamonds Eau de P arfum, Estee Lauder
Beautiful Eau de P arfum Spray, Liz Claiborne
Curve Eau de Toilette Spray and Christian Dior
P oison Eau de Toilette Spray,
Also, Aubrey Or~anics J ade Spice Eau de
P arfum and Aveda Love P ure- Fume Essenee
were tested, because the eompanies say they
don't eontain any phthalates, but ShopSmart
found otherwise,
The Cosmetie, Toiletry', and Fragranee
Association says that government and scienti-
fie bodies in the U,S, and Canada have exami-
ned phthalates without restrieting their use in
cosmeties. But some eompanies have elimina-
ted them due to publie coneern. I W",dy D,m"h",
VOCABULARY I
- , __. _. - - - - _o __ " . _ _
1 phthal ates: (oc phthal ate (,sIen ) a graup of chemical compoun cl s [har are main l )" used as piasricizm (subsun ces added 10 pl aHic.s (Q in ctease
[heir tl exibil ity). ThC}' are ,hidl }' used ro rum pol yvin yl chl oridc from a hard pl astjc ioro J fl exibl e pl asric 12 toil etry: a proJucl uscd in washin g
oc cariog for [he appcaran cc. c.g. _~hamp(}OJ . deodoram. oc soap (uSUJl l y l l sed in [he pl ural
UPPER~I NTERMEDI ATE I ADVANCED
9
Mystery of the Messiah
HOW SCI ENTI STS EXMlI NED THE WOOD GRAI N' I N THE F~\I OUS VI OUN I N THE OXFORD UNI VERSI I T
MUSEUM, TO DETERMI NE I TS AGE AND WHETHER I T S AN AUTHENTI C $20 MI LUON STRADI VARI US.
SClentlst examines Messtah
Mystery
o f Ib e Messi ah
A team 01sclentlsts wt>ostudy tree rlngs examlned a famous
vloHn csllad the Messiah to help sett/e B fong-runnlng dispute
among muslo experts, Dfd master v1o/lnmaker Anton'o
Stradlvarl bulld the Messlah In 1716, orIs /t alatar forgery?
Th sMeasJah
lebove)1s
now In Oxford
Unlverslty' s
Ashmolean
Mueeum
Read l ng tr8e rtng s
The lines on a plece 01
wood are actually lhe
growth rlngs 01 Iha tree
lhe wood was Iaken
from
n
Wood
lar vlolln
soundboard
G ro w th ri ng a'
p at1 8rn
Alngs davelop as a
trae grows, usually
one rlng ayear, and
lhey Indlcate how
many yea lhe tree
has IIved
B eh l nd th e d i sp u te
- ~lhe Messlah
Is a S tradlvarlus,
II may bethe mosl
pertectly preserved one
known and worth ebout
$20 mllllon
- II It's a lorgery, lhe
credlb,lIty 01sorne DI the
world's loremosl vlolln
experts Is In questlon
Ev l d enc e su p p o rl s au l h entl c l ty
Th e sc l entl sts c o mp arad Messl ah ' s r" 9 p attems to w o o d
samp l es w h o se ag e l a kno w n, and h ere l a w h at th ey f o u nd :
G rap h i c : Dani el Ni b l o c k, Su n-SentJnel
Rl ng s
The f1ndings don't
concluslvely identily Ihe
Messlah's maker, but Ihey
strenglhen Ihe argument
Ihat 1I Is aulhentlc
SClentlsts' conclllllon
Wlth a 99.99% certainty, the
Messlah's wood dales back
to 1687, a believable date
lar a genuine S tradlvarius
(S lradivari dled in 1737)
,
,stO
,
1870
,
'800
Messl ah ' s
ri ng p attern
G enu i na V al l eys are narro w ri ng s
Strad i v ari u s A ... AJ A A . - A ' ,,1
v i o l a '5p attem -, 'f"'" .... -" yV V '1
Co mp o si te
o f ri ng a tro m
1 6 traesin-
Westem
Eu ro p a
, , ,
1 590 1 61 0 1 830
' c 2002 KRT So u rc e: Henn G nssl no -Mayer; V Io l i n So c l ety cA Amenea
VOCABULARV
1 w o o d g rai n: Wood grain dc=scribes rhe alignment. tc=x(Urcand appcarance of (hc=wooJ fibers I 2 tree ri ng : each of a numbcr of concc=~tr.jc
rings i n rhe cross scction of a (rc=ctrunk, :cpresenting a single }'ear's growth I 3 5trad i v ari : Italian violin maker who d e.e1opcd the modern vLOlm
and creatoo violins of uncqualeJ tonal qt:alit)'
10
I
Gadgets: Smart phones
When it comes to styl~ the lG Prada may be the c10sest to competing
againsl the iPhone. This toueh-sereen phone was the result of a
eollaboration belWeen K orean eleetronics giant lG and Prada, the I talian
fashion designer. Sineethen, the produet has earned raves] lar its
design, whieh is ohen ealled sleek and sexy.
like the iPhone, the Prad, has few external buttons. I nstead it relies on a
three-ineh toueh-sueen for its main interlaee. I t also boasts4 a 2.0
megapixel camera ard plays music and videos One potential benefil
o v e r ils A pple rival is lh't users can expand the deviee's memory with a
flash memory eard. I t carries a priee tag
5
ranging belWeen 1700 and
$900 on various Web sites www.lge.com
The HTCTouch, toueh.sereen deviee, uses the
professional ve~ion of Windows M obile :0 offer e-m,tI
and Web aeee" I I is a GSM -based phone, so domestc
users may be able to swap out6 SI M cards to make use
01 lhe deviee. Tl"eTouch features a 2.0 meg'pixel
c am er a an d c o m es w j t h a 1G B r em o v ab l e m em o r y c a r d o
Unlocked7 versions on eSay are lisling at priees ranging
I rom $500 to $600. www.h1c.com
INTERMEDIATE UPPER INTERMEDIATE 11
GRANTED', THE SEGMENT OF CELL PHONE USERS WILLlNG TO PONY UP2 MORE T1IAN $500 FOR A
NEW DEVICE 15L1MITED. BUT, FOR SURE, THEY ARE ENOUGH TO MAKE COMFANIES THINK OF NEW
SOPHISTICATED PRODUCTS! HERE ARE SOME ALTERNATIVES TO THE II'HONE.
e
The S amsung 81ackJ ackis light and fits 'Nell in your shirl
pocket. It has a 1.3 megapi,els camera, runs on Winjows
Mobile software, and has 128 MB 01 built in memory'O.
(About $325) www.samsung.com
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;;:cingular'
Among the N95's most notable features is a 5.0 megapi,el camera that
can also take video recordings. The camera len s is situated in the back of
the phone, allowing the user to hold the device like a regular digital
camera. Nokia has biIJ ed
8
its device a~a "multimedia computer" rather
than a cell phone. The handset slides open two ways, it has a GPS
locatar, which can plot
9
the user's position on a map, and users can also
edit their pietures and videos right on the phone, and upload them to a
blog or Web site.
Its unlocked models range from $700 to \850 on the Web
www.n o k i a.c o m
1 . . ' _ . ~ _ Y A
t~~
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,
VOCABULARY. ." I
1 Gran ted: You use gramcd to conceec ; poim, alten befare addiog comrasting informal ion I 2 po n y up: (informal) to pay (money),
asin seuling an accounr I 3 earn rayes: (informal) to rcceive an expression of very enthwiastic praise 14 bo ast(s): possess(a : eature
h
. r 'd) I 5 pro"ce tag" , "g 00 merchandise showing ,h, pricc: atwhich itisoffered fmsale or the costof somethlog 1 6
t atlS asour<: eo pn e ' . . . .
$wap out: cxchange or suhstitute one thing for anothcr (in thisca.~caSIM ard) by takmg one out and replacmg If wnh another card .1 7
unlocked: anunlockcd cell phone isa: dl phone thn can be mcd .. ehy;uiousGSM-compaliblc carriees... orldwide (aGSM phollc requ~res
a51: \1 caed) 18 bi l1(ed): ro describe something/somcone inaparticular way inorder to ad"cltisc rhem 19 plo t: lOmark or dra.w somethmg
on a piece of paper or a map 110 bui lt i n memo ry: a mcmory thar forms an integral partof aslructllre
12
Health ACTUAL ENGLISH '
T
I By Seott Streater
Chemical fram everyday
praducrs shows up in humans.
They' refc.. :~d in floor waxes
and shampoos, fasr-food
wrappers and micrawave
popcorn bags. They coar' pizza
boxes, carpers and frying pans.
And rhey're in people.
"They know only
that perfluorochemicals
remain inthe
environment andthe
body for a longtime"
HEY'RE I'ERFLUClROCHEMIC,\LS -SUCH AS I'ER-
Auoroocranoie acid (or PFOA)- and polyhro-
mina,ed diphenyl ethers. or PBDEs. While
rou may nar recognize rhese scientific expres-
sions. you probably know tbe beand nomes: TeAon
2
,
Stainmasree, Gore- T3 and Aame-reraedants4. You
aeeexposed ta ,hose oompounds every day, and rheee
is mouoring concern thar [hey mar cause a variety of '
bealrb prohlems. A p2nel of seientists seleeted hy rhe
Environmental Proeecrion Agency concluded ,his
year thar a peeAuoroemical used in nonsrick cook-
ware is a likely eaneee-eausing agent.
As is ,he case with many of rhe 82,000 ehemieals in
commeecial use taday, healrh officials aren', suee wha,
levels of rhis subsrance in rhe hody can cause health
problems. Researchers aren' t even sure of [he main
souree of human posure: household produc[S,
manufaerueing plants oc borh. They know only rhat
perfluorochemicals renain in (he environmenr and
the body for a long time.
In the case of Aame-r::,aedants, no one is suee what
J evels in the body mighr lead ta healrh probJ ems. But
1 Coat: 10 co\'er something with a la)'er of a panicular subs[ancc: 12
leflon: a matt'TiaJ used ro coar cooking utcllsilli and in industrial
applic:uiollS ""her: sticking is [.)be avoidcd 13 Gore-Tex: (tradcmark)
a br:athable warerproof fabric used in outdoor c10thing I4 flame
retardant(s): a .mbsrancc usctl lO make an ohjcn Ilameproof. Le.
rcsi.\I;lnl [(J carching /ire
14
animal studies have found that the compounds can cause reproductive
and neurological problems, disrupt
S
hormonal balance and increase the
risk of cenain types of cancers, Once in rhe body, rhey sray rhere for
years. "These compounds are used in an unbelievable number of pro-
ducts rhar we come in comaet wim every day," said Kurunthachalam
Kannan, a sdemisr ar rhe New York State Oepanmem of Health, in
A1bany,who hasextensivelyresearchedrhecompounds. Scienrisrsconfir-
med rhar PFOA can passfromawoman's blood roher ferosand PBOE.
can pass rhrough breasr milk.
PERFLUOROOCTANOIC ACID
Researchershavefound rhar U.S. residems havetheworld's highest levels
of perfluorochemicals in their bodies. Ir rakesthe body at least eighr years
to rid irself oP; the chemicals. Under mouming' public pressure, eight
companies worldwide agreed :0 phase oura perfluorooctanoic .add, or
PFOA, used inTeflon nonstick cookware and sornemicrowave popcorn
bags, by 2015.
The EPA'ssdence advisory board rhar recommended mar PFOA becon-
sidered a likely cardnogen
9
has also proposed rhar rhe agency srudy
PFOA's poremial ro causeliver, resricular, pancrearic and breasr cancers
and whether ir affects [he hormones or nervous oc irnmune sysrems.
VOCABULARY
"We'know relatively Iittleabout
PFOA. But what we know raises
strong concerns about their
health effects, especially on
children., Dr.LeoTrasande, a
pediatrician and environmental
health specialist at Mount Sina;
Hospital in NewYork, said.
Sornecompanies rejecrs rhe pane-
lt S review because ir is based pri-
marily on animal resring.
According ro independem resear-
chers, smalllevels of this chemical
do come off me pans but not
enough ro explain the widespre-
ad
1
exposures that have been
measured. They can also be relea-
sedfrommanufacturing plams,
FLAME.RETARDANT5
Nowhere are PBOE. more widely
used man in me Unired States,
They're found in carpet pad-
ding
11
, TV and computer wire
insulation
12
, mattress stuffing
13
,
polyesrer domes and Styrofoam14,
They ate in rhese products for a
good reason: ro prevem fires,
But the compounds don't stay in
rhe seat cushions and computer
wires. Instead, they appear ro be
leaching
1S
imo rhe environmem
and rhey don'r degrade very fase.
MORE RE5EARCH
15 NEEDED
They' re commonly found in rhe
air and warer, and rhey've been
measured in lakesedimenrs and in
wildlifeworldwide. Animal studies
have shown rhar ar high enough
5 Disrupt: intcttupt ar disnub (:lnacriviry ar process) 16 Rid (itself) 01: eliminare. do awaywith 11 Mounting: gradually incr~sing 18
Phase out: ro bring someming ro ao cod, or remov(' ir. in stagcs over aperiod of rime 19 Carcinogen: any subsrance mar produces cancer 110
Widespread: existing ar hap~ning in many plaa:s and/or among man}' peoplc /11 Carpet paddlng: An undcrlay installed under carpcling
to :ncrease underfoot comfoH, to absorb pile-crushing forccs: also called Cushioning. Lining, or Underlay 112 Insulation: the cO\lering of
something with a material or subsrance in order ro Stop heat, sound or clectriciey from escaping or entering 113 Mattress stuffing: padding
put in mattressc:s114 5tyrofoam: aligln resilient foam of polyseyrcne 115 leach(ing): permeate or penetrare gradually. despus de Styrofoam
15
Popcorn
OOg
Coating on
bag (ontains
perfluoro"
chemicals
Desktop
Household dust
contalns tlame
retardants
Shampoo
Contains
perfluorochemk:als
to add shlne
~ lllefloor
Nonstick (oatlog
contalns
perfiuorochemicals
and pestlcides

I~
Fruit
Importe<! fruil
(ontaios pesticides
banned in lhe U.S.
Mattress
Flameretardants
Instuffing
Computer
Flame retardants
coat wiring and
ptastic casing
Can contalo
perfluorochemlcals
C10thes
Many tems found in the home c~n be sourres of
exposure to potentlally harmful chemlcalS.Not
every brand af every product included in t~:is
example necessarHy contalns these chemlc31s, bul
manydo.
A
~
~eddYbear~'
Some stuffed animal s
rn<!deoyerseas contaio
flame retardanU and/or
pesticides
TV
Sofa
Foam padding contains
f1ame retardants and
perfluorochemicals
Milk
Fatcontalos dioxins and flame
retardants
Howyou
are exposed
Wlrlng and plas:J c
casing cantaln
flame retardants
P izza box
Bol' coating contc1ins
perfluorochemJ cals
Steak
Fat contains dioxins
Fryingpan
Nonstick coating cantaios
perfluorochemicals
Carpet
P adding and carpet fibers
contain flc1merelardants and
perfluorochemicals and
pesticides
CXlO6MCT
Sou: ' [n,!""",,'ml,1 PrOllfl:ton Aqton<~" y""t !.l'I"
Of1lwirn_ al t !!!" .rf'd,,t,q."ncylTo." Sub1l.nc,
....t D~.~ RO'q"l'Y. Cl!'fll fOf D~_ConIrol.nd
II'roYO'nllon.llo' Amold SChco<ll'f.IJ n,.""oIT .,... 'io<hooI
of l'ut>k: ""'''Ih
G'''IIhic:J imAllwnon, f .l wnnh SI" T"~,,,
16
uL t . h LEVELS' UPPER INTERMEDIATEI ADVANCED
nea TOXIC HOUSE .
Exercise:
Reading-Com prehension
(a. b. or c) to complete
the following statemen:s about the article you
have read.
1 A panel of scientist, se!ected by the Environmental
Protection Agency conduded thi, year that...
a > perfluorochemicals rernan in the environment and the
body lor a period 01 approximately 30 years.
b >nonstick cookware shou'd not be used lor eooking
because it causes a variety 01 health problems
e > perlluoroehemieal isprobably a earcinogen
2 Animal ,tudies conducted with flame-retardants
have found that...
a >the,e compounds are used in a large number
01products that we useevery day
b >these eompounds can negatively affeet the neurological
and reproductive systems and inerease the risk
01tuberculosis.
e> they can cause reproductive and neurologieal problems
and certain types 01caneer
3 After researchers found that U.S. resident, have the
world's highest level, of perfluorochemical, in their
bodies and under mounting public pressure ...
a >sorne companies rejected the EPA'sreview because
it was based primarily on animal testing.
b >sorne companies agreed to gradually withdraN
perlluoroodanoic aeid Lsed in Tellonand sorne popeorn
bangs. by 2015
e> the USDepartment 01Health designed a program to
have national companies phase out perfluorooctanoic
by 2015
4 According to the artide, the problem is that ....
a > no regulatory action has been taken yet and this should
be done belore there are effects in humans
b >the National Government isonly relyingon voluntary
wit1drawal by manufaduring companies
e> mos! companies are not willing to stop using PFOA
l?(t>'Q(f ')(2: ':>( L (a)l JaMSU\f
, AUDIOARTICLE&MORE EXERClSES
Icvds, {he chcmicals harm the ncrvous
syslcm and cause n:prouuctive prohlcms,
incIuding sFonraneOllS ahorrions. Thc pro-
blem is rhat nm enough rescarch has been
done ro knO'N wherher the levels of persisrent
roxic chemieals found in people are safe. But
health ofHcials do know that once those che-
micals get imo the body, no pill or trearment
can remove ;:hcm.
The volumary withdrawaj16 will hclp slow
dle spread of PFOA. Bur the deadline is nor
lllHiI 2015. Thar coneerns sorne researchers
who wanr ro see regularory action raken
no\\', evcn if a 1mmore research is ncedcd to
deTermine precise human healrh cffcers. "1
think YOllwant ro rake regulatory aetion ar a
poinr before rhere are effecrs in humans,"
said Goldman, of Johns Hopkins. "The
point is ro uy and prevent rhar."
BODY IN DANGER
"Everyone in the U.S. has many chemicals in
them," said Dr. Arnold Schecter, a public-
health physician
17
and researcher at the
University of Texas School of Public Health
in Dalias. '1'0 many, exposure ro rbese subs-
rances is rhe rradeoff18 for living in such a
rechnologically advanced societ}. wirh a high
.\tandard of living.
While none of rhe chemicals detened in rhe
srudy wece ar levels considered ro be an
immediare r.ealth concern. rhey build up in
rhe body and rhe envimnment.
Healrh experrs arcn'r sure how each ehcmical
individually afects peoples bealrh, ro say
nothing of rhe mixture.
In general, experrs believe thar rhe mixture
can weaken rhe body's abiliry ro fighr ofl~9
illnesses. Ar high enough levels, sorne of rhe
chemicals h.ve been shown ro cause caneer
and birrh defecrs. Some a150 are known oc
slIspecred ro cause developmentaJ problems.
AE
VOCABULARY .
16 Withdrawal: permealc or renenare graduaJlr 117
Physician: a Jicenscd medical practitioner 1 18
Tradeoff: a sitllation in . hkh JOU .lCCCrr somcrhing bolJ
in ordl'r (Oh3\'e s:>mcthing f,()()J 119 Fight off: ro driw
away llr resiH an art.lcker
18
Accent with lucite
Helmut lang textured twil1
4
zippered
5
jacket, 5530, and
cotton stove-pipe
6
pants, $265. Marc J acobs oversized
aviatcrs
7
, $290. P atricia von Musulin lucite ring, $565,
retail" locations at www.pat"iciavonmusulin.com
Get sporty
Ralph lauren cotton-nylon turtleneck with gold metallic stripe
9
,
$298, and cotton sho1s, 5198, select department sto res.
Fendi gold patent bag, 51,940.
Fashion.
Back to the
FASHION'S LATEST EXPERIMENT? A SLEEK, MONOCHROMATIC
SILHOUETTE IN HIGH-TECH FABRICS'. AOO METALLIC, PATENT
ANO LUCITE2 ACCESSORIES ANO OVERSIZEOJ , ULTRA-MOO SHADES
FOR INSTANT SPACE-AGE CHIC.
lEVElS: I NTERMEDI ATE I UPPER I NTERMEDI ATE t9
White now
J iI Sander cropped conon polamide jacket, $1,270, and
city shorts, $550; Gucci aviatcrs with crystal rims, $700;
and Stephen Dweck crystal ring, $395.
Dressed to thrill
Left, Christian Dior stretch cojo n pleated'O dress, $2,000,
www.dior.comlor retaillocations. Center, Givenchy stretch
coHon poplin shirtdress with accordian-pleat sleeves,
$1,575, www.givenchy.comlor retaillocations. Dries van
Noten canvas tate with crear plasticflap, $1,050, and
Maison Martin Margiela Lucite-heel platlorms, $525.
P rada aviators with st2mped silver rim, $265. Right,
P hilosophy by Alberta F erreni conon dress with silk :hiffon
cap sleeves and knit waist, $440, www.albertalerretti.com
lor retail locations.
, fabric(s): (a t)'pe on cloth or waver. material I2 Lucite: (US rrademarkl a t)'pe of transparent plastk used to make paints and decorative
objects such as picture frames I 3 oversized: (mainly US) biggcr rh.an usual; [00big: I 4 twlll: a strong cotron c10rh which hu raised
diagonallincs on the surfacc I 5 zippered: equippcd wim a zippcr (3 fastener consisring of rwo rows cf metal or plastic [tt[h on strips of
cap! ' and a s1iding pece chJ.tc10ses ao opening by drawing che twh rogethcrl I 6 stave-pipe: a stO\'cpipc is a cylindrical sheet metal pipe
[har conducrs srnoke and turnes from a Hove inro a vertical f1u~. Store-pipe pants resemble [his shap~1 1 aviators: (al5O,aviador g1ass~s)
qeglasses having a lighrw:igh[ m~taJ :-ameand relativdy large usually tinred enses 1 8 retail: sdlint or rdated 10 sdling direct 10 the
eonsumer 19 stripe: a long narrow band or mip of a different eolour or textur~from rhe surfac~on eirher side of it.110 pleated: folded
into plean (flat, usuall)' narrow, folds rrade in a pice: of cloth by pr~ssing or scwing rwo parts of the c! o rogeth~r)
20
, ACTUAL ENGLlSH
VOCABULARY ___ "
Every second year in spring
Art of miniaturizing trees
grown in containers:
A bonsai is not a
genetically dwaried.
plant, but one which is
actively kept small with
a combination of pot
,confinement, crown
and root pruning',
Container Rat
bottomed,
with drainage hales
Soil Loase.
fast-draining' mix of
coarse sand or
gravel, fired clay'
pellets' or expanded
shale' combined
with organic
component such as
peal' or bark'
,
1 genetically dwarled: a xing whose growrh has heen
genericaJ lyremicted I 2 pruning: meact of rrimming a pl.tnt,
Le. cuning off brancies from a tne, bush oc plant. especialJ yso
[har irwill gro bener in ruture 13 fast..cfraining; fast lowof
Iiquid out of something (in th-isase, a plant) I 4 c1ay: sticky
im~rmeable eanh rhat can he moulded when WC[ .mdbaked ca
make hricks and pone!)'1 5 pellet(s): asmall hard hall oc n.;~.
shaped pieccof;my suhm.nce 16 shale: 2 tr~of 50ft grey rock.
usually tormro from hardened day. which breaks easil)' mo min
layers /1 peat: partly derompos:d vegerable mame forming a
deposit on acidie,boggy ground. dried focuse ingardening andas
fudl 8 bark: chehard ourer cm'ceiog oE arree I 9 slanting:
b.ning in;1, di;l,gonalditttlion 110pruning shears: ;1, gaNen
tool which has (\010 shon sharp blades (sci~rs) andisusedfor cut-
ting plar.t s[C:ms11 1 bud scissors: scissors uscd fnr cutting off
buds (outgrowths on a srem or bra..,chconsisting of a show:ncd
s[cm and immarurc leavesor f1owcr., often end05cd by prorenivc
scales) I 12 stub: a short picce r:maining on a trunk or st~m
whcre a branch is 10Si
LEVELS: INTERMED.ATE I UPPER INTERMEDIATE
21
Direc!ion
of new
branches
Branch
cutter
Semi-
cascade
Bud
scissors"
Prune back tree in spring bu! don't
prune every new leaf
Formal
upright
WateWj
Check tree every dY; water as required, .
bes! with rainwater
P~,da4ie~
, t ~
Slan!ing'
Ordinary
pruning
shears .
Prune long branches to force them to divide
(fine tracery of thin branches); leavea short stub",
its end will dry out
Informal
uprigh!
Rools
Prune excess roots;
lasten roots with copper wire
Needs light,
humidity,
air circulation

<O2007 MCT Source: NB onsailtb y eolio Lewis, B onsai4me, MCT Photo Service
Graphic: Elseb eth Nielsen, Maj b rit rloyrup
23
W
irh irs row of nubile2 women,
rhe eye-carching ad on
Chicago's buses and trains
could easily be misraken for
promoring an upscale
3
daring Web sile.
While lhe Chicago-based agency -
ConceiveAbililie5- is cenainly in lhe march- .
making busine5s, il dOe5n't charge afee. [n
faer, this company wiU pay you -$7.000 to
be exaer- providing you're no older rhan 30,
in exceUem health and can spare a couple
dozen artifJ ciaJ ly ripened' eggs.
Hearher Scoma, a graduare studem in
Milwaukee who donated eggs lasr year lO
he!p a eouple coneeive, found lhe proeess
lime consuming, bur she also found mea-
ning in he!ping orhers (and the money he!-
ped pay off a debr).
[n lhe mid-1990s, rhe egg donation
indusrry \Vas in rs infancy: and if menrio-
ned ar aU, ir would be in whis?ers. Now,
rhe number of annuaJ atremprs ar fertiliza-
rion from donared eggs has lripled in a
deeade and sorne agencies fine they have
more donoes rhan recipiems. Demand f oc
eggs continues ro risc, driven Hrongly by
alder women, as inferrilc families rtlfll
more quickJ y lOegg donario", in rhe quesl
for conception, and fees lOdonors edge
upward. Ir has even spawned
s
a cotrage
industry6 for Iawyers and psychologists.
Today, across rhe U.S., egg donar rechno-
Iogy has gane as mainstream
7
as seUing
cereal. Recruirment advcrtisemenrs are 011
city buses, in campus newspapers, on rhe
radio and on Web sires. Try and rype "egg
donar" il1lo Google.
What happens to women who s hoot them-
s elves up with mas s ive amounts of hormones ?
What happens to the children? Are we pro-
tecting their rights ?"
Eggs have been a panicularly hOI commodity. [n 1996,
donared eggs were used in more rhan 5.000 atremprs. [n
2004, rhe number exceeded 15.000, aecording lOa
Oeeember repon by lhe 'Cemers for Oisease Comrol.
ETHICAL QUESTlONS
Bur sueh a wide open market is freighred wirh" elhicaI ques-
tions: [s ir permissible far a donar lO use her check ro pay
off sehoolloans but not OK to use it for a Cfuise? WiU
fJ naneiaUy strapped
9
women end up ovulating for more
affiuem ones? WiU yourhful eggs from smaner eandidares go
ro the highe5t bidder
10
? (One .d in rhe Stanford Universiry
newspaper promised $[ 00.000 for a donar wirh "proven
coUegiare alhleric abi!iry.")
The majoriry of donors receive eompensalion in the $5.000-
$10.000 range for [5 ro 20 eggs, adhering ro ASRM" gui-
de!ines.
Inside ConceiveAbilities' eomfonable office, rhe phoros of
SOIllC of rhese wamen adorn (he walls. Prospective parents
can view aU potential donors, searehing by ethniciry, eye
color and other [,hysical eharaclerisrics but, eomrary lO
popular be!ief, not by SAT
12
seores or advanced degrees.
Oebora Spar, a Harvard Business School professor, lhinks
rhar rhe debare has become sid,-tracked13 by the money.
"It's a red herring
14
(har disrracts fram more imponanr
issues: Are lhese rechnologies safe for borh mothers and chil-
dren? What happens ro women who shoor rhemse!ves up
wirh massive amounlS of hormones? Whar happens ro the
children' Are we prolecting lheir tights?"
~\l{lQ\BULt\RY..'c _,_o . : _ __ _ _
1 booming: increasingly successful economically 12 nubile: descrihes;1YOU:lg woman wha is physicalh' matute enough 10 have sexual inrcrcourse
and thncforc mirablc fo! marriage 13 upscale: (mliol)' US) describes goods and produm thar afl, of ver)' high quality and imcnded lO he bought
by people wha are quite rieh I 4 artificially ripened: devdoped ro a suirahlc condilion fo! rcproduetion. bU! oal by nalural mca~s '. 5
spawn{ed): ro bring sorncrhing me being. e~pecial1y in large numbcrs 1 6 cottage industry: a small, loosely mganin.J, yet flounsh:ng
cornplex of ;lctivity Of ndu .t!y 17 mainstream: Ihe prt:vailing cutrcnt of thoughr, .c. the way oflife.or ser of l~li.cf..Jccepted by most pcoplc 1 8
freighted with: Joaded with, fult ofl9 financially strapped: lacking suA-icicnt money 110 hlghest bldder: Ihe person who offers the
mos[ money f,n goods or propert}' al an auclion 111 ASRM: An:erican Sociel)' for Rcproducti ..c Medichc 112 SAl:;l .trademark ~edfor.a sel of
s(;lndardiud college cmran:c examin.uicns 113 side-track(ed): 10 divcrt from a main issuc or coursc 114 red hernng: somethmg that draws
anemian away from the central issuc
24
Science I
Eg g d o n at i o n
Wavesfrom
ultrasound
probe
Folliele
Each stimulated ovary
produces five to 10fallidas,
each containing a mature e99
Rebieving the eggs
Using an ultrasound probe insertad
ntethe vagina to viewthe ovary, a
physician inserts a suctioning I leedle
through the vaginal wall to each ovary;
the needle pierces the e99 follicle and
sucks out the mature e99
i
I " i' i
'95 '00 '03
O,
' 90
Ultrasound probe
1
Attaehed
suetioning needle
u.s. fertlllty treatments
Attempts using donated egg
1 0,000
8,000
6,000
4,000-
2,000
Rare two decades ego, the use of donated eggs infertility treatments has become
commonplace in the United States. To donate, a wcman undergoes honnone injections that
stimulate her ovades to produce multiple mature eggs at one tme. The eggs are removed from
the ovaries in a surgical procedure.
Sources: uc Da MedI caJ Cantor, Wellt Coas1lnt8rtJ l'ty M9dical ClI r1I c.An'>ericanSociety for AeproduetlvG Meclcll'1e.
U.S. Cemera fa D!Bease Control and PreventJ (),
Orapt"Oc:NatrlDr"08lLeYlne. Sacramento Bee
02007 MCT
WHAT MOTIVATES DONORS
"
To help understand lllihat motivaies egg
,
donors, researchers in I lI inois sur'veyed
\
women who donated eggs at a clinic from
\
J anuary 2003 to J anuary 2006. \
Ten of 40 responded to the survey. The aver-
age age of the donors was 24.5, and they\
had each received $5,000 per donation.
Seventy percent had donated eggs once,
while 20 percent had donated twice and 10
percent had donated four times.
Some used a portion of their reimburse-
ment ' money for savings (30 percent), oth-
ers for a down payment on property (20per-
cent), or school expenses (20 percent), - or,
paying down a car loan, (20 percent), Half of
the donors useq a ~<frtlon of their reim-
bursement to Pi lY back.~olnSincluding cred-
it cards. None/of',the donors spent their
reimbursement on I crxui y items or vacations.,
I ,.
,
/
,J
2 5
HOW EGG DONATION WORKS
The fina stt'p is going rhrough rhe scrcening pro-
cess. The screening neludes blood tests for sexuall)'
transmincd diseases, hormane leveLsand genetic
J iscascs. Cervical cultures will be rakcn by an
OB/GYN. i\ transvaginalulttasound will be con-
ducred to ensute rhar rhe wauld-be donar's ovaries,
cervix and lIterus are healthy. Psychological and
drug tests also are includl'd.
Once a wnuld-he donor has passed all the tests and
signed the legal contract, the donation process
bcgins. Ir Hans \virh a sclf-adminisrcred, injecrable
mcdication uf follide stimuladon hormone. which
boosts c:ggproduction. This medicaran is llsually
taken foc scvcn to 12 days.
\X/hen a physician determines ir is time [oc
retrievai'5, [he donar will be given instrucrions 011
gerting ;In injection of rhe hormonc HCG16. This
injection prepares the donar's O\'afies ro rdease rhe
fallieles.
The retrieval is schedllled for abollt 36 hOllrs after
rhe HCC injccrion is given.
During rhe retrieval. rhe donor will usually be
under liglH anesrhesia adminisrered rhrough ao
lV
17
. Thc cggs are rcrricved fmm rhe donor's ova-
ries 'lb a small ncedlc inscncd rhrough rhe vaginal
\vall inro rhe ovaries. and rhe eggs are rhcn vaCUll-
med from each folliele. The entire procedure takes
ahollt 15-20 minlltes.
Afrcr rhe cggs are rerricved. rhey are combined wirh
the intended father's 'perm and later implanted
into rhe intended morher's merus.
The dOl1or willllsu"lI)' stay in the docror's omee
for one to rwo hours ro recover and rhcn is senr
h.jme. RCSl is recommcndcd for rhe rcmainder of
the day. Shc mar expericnce ;ame mild cramping'8
or Iight bleeding.
The donor will reccivc hcr compcnsation aS soon as
rhe agenc}' is advised rhot the dOl1or h"s completed
rhe retricval. Usually donnrs can resume regular
activity the next da)'. AE
y.oCABULARy'___ _ _ __ . _
15 retrieval: (he acr of ~clting s)nll:~{hillg~u=k.nr a particular
occasion 1111 whkh this is done I 16 hormone HCG: h(l~nlllne
produCl'd l',lr!y in prcgnalh.:Y by tlll' ph:cnra; tic{cni()1l in rhe mine J nd
senll,1 is ,he IJ .lsisfor OlH,' kind uf pregmncy test [17 IV: inrraVCIIOll~lH
imravl"nlmsl~ 1 18 cramping: sp,lsr.lOdic ctlllfralliollS of thi' ulerus,
such ,lS Ihme o("curring curing lllellSuuation ur labor. usually c;tusing
rain in (he ,lodoll1el\ chJ ( Ill.lr radiare 10rhe lower b..lck and thighs 1
19
reimbursement: Iheaet (lf cnmpe:lsating someonc foran expense
Without going back to the article, choose
the corred options inthe following para-
graphs
a While the Chicago-based agene)' -Conceive
Abilities- is 1) adminedl)'/reaU)'/certainly in the
marchll1J king business, it doesn't charge a fee. In
fact, this compan)' wiU pa)' )'ou -$7.000 to be
exacr- 2) given that/?roviding/provided you're no
older than 30, in exeellenr health and can 3) pro-
duce/make/spare a collple dozen artificiaU)'
ripened eggs.
b In the mid-1990s, the egg donation iodustr)'
was in its J ) infaney1childhood/start: and if men-
tioned at aU, it would be in whispers. Now, the
number of annual attcmprs ar fertilization from
donared eggs has tripled in a deeade and some
agencies find rhey have more donors rhan recipi-
ents. Demand foee~gscontinlles ro rise, 2) driv-
en/powered/supported strongl)' b)' older women,
as infertile fumilies rurn more quiekl)' to egg
donatiolls in (he quest foc conception. and fees ro
donors 3) move/edgelrise upward. Ir has even
spawllt'd a 4) cabin/cottage/ne\v inJ uslry foc
law)'ers "nd ps)'ehologists.
e But such a wide open market is freighted I)
\Vith/of/on ethical qucstions: Is ir 2)
permissible/forbiddenlimmoral for a donor to use
her check ro pa)' ofTschoolloans but not OK ro
use it for acruise? Will financially srrapped
women end IIpovularing for more 3) alrh)'/rieh-
erlaffiuent ones? W,U )'ourhful eggs from smarter
candidates go ro the 4) bestl berrer/ highesr bid-
dce? (Onc ad in rhe Sranford University newspa-
per promised $100.000 for a donar with "proven
collegiatc athletie abiliry.")
1~'l~1I1(1)'1,,~nUlr ( '~I'l!I1!W!~(L:'lP~"(1 ::)
~:l.,,,., (It .~~ f '''~AUI' 1'( *'''0.1U! (1 :\1
u.d, (llU!P!Awd IL:'~lu!n.J ;;l' (1:y
:..\,1)1~3MSN\l'
ON THE (D AUDIO ARTICLE &MORE EXERCISES
26
I By Andrew Maykuth
evenmore pOJ ular.Hisdance
moves upsel parents and
thrilled5 teenagers.
He was also known lor quietly
giving away cars, buying
homes lor I riends and visiting
people who I Vere siek. He
gave benelit Derlormances
lor eaneer lunds and to raise
money lor the USS Arizona
Memorial at PearlHarbor.
Elvismarried FriscillaBeaulieuon May 1,
1967, in Las ',legas. The tvvo met when
shewas 14 ar,dhe was 24, while Elvisand
her lather were both stationedGwlth the mili-
tary in Germany.Nine months to the dayalter
her marriage to Elvis,Priscillagave birth to th
couple's only child: their daughter LisaMarie.
He died August 16, 1977. The coroner1's
report slated that he died 01 heart disease.
Since then, however, a pathologist who per-
lormed the au:opsyhasconlirmed rumors that
Elvisdied 01 a orescription drug overdose. Elvis
was 42.
1 cash in: [O oh[ain ad~..1ntage or financia! proflt often
usoo with on 12 stillborn: (of newoorn oram) showing
no signs of life Jt binh; born de.ad13 buy (him) out:
ro buy a pan of a business from sorneon!' clse so ,har YOLl
own aJl of ir J 4 household name: a brand thar is well
known to rhe grear majority ofhouseholds. lis brand mar
represcn! any tYIJeof product oc person . a cclebriry may ~
teferred ro a.~ being a household llame I 5 thrill(ed):
(u.mally uf somcthing plcasant) to cause a feeHng of extreme
excitemcl1l /6 stationed: (e~pedallysoldiers) ;lSSigncd to
be in a panicular phce lO do a job17 coroner: an o/T kiaJ
.... ho examines the rcasons for a person's dcarh. cspl'Cial!y if
il was violent or unexpccted.
I viswas born ina two-room house in Tupeloon
J anuary8, 1935. His twin brother, J esseGaron,
was stillborn', leaving Elvisas the only ehild 01
Vernon and Gladys Presley.I n 1948, the lamily
moved to Memphis in seareh 01 a beller lile
linaneially, where he absorbed the blaekrhythm
and blues o: historie EealeStreet and the gospel musie
01 the local ehurehes.
Heworked al various jobs, ineluding driving a delivery
truek and as a maehinist. He began allending night
sehool, studying to be an eleetrieian. During this time,
Elviscut two demos at Sun Reeords. And they eaught
Sunexeeutives' attent on.
I n 1954, he started recording lor Sun Recordsbut \Nas
soon signed by manager TomParker, who arranged to
buy him out3 01 his contract with Sun. Parkerand Elvis
signed with RCAVictor in 1955.
And by 1956, he had become a household name4
around the world with songs like "Heartbreak Hotel,"
"Don't BeCruel," "Hcund Dog," "J ailhouse Rock" and
more. I n all, Elvishad 149songs on Billboard's Hot 100
PopChart in America. Eighteen 01 those went to No. 1.
He also had hit eountry, rhythm-and-blues and gospel
songs.
He was nominated lor 14 Grammy awards and won
three, all lor gospel recordings.
Television appearances on the "Tommy and J immy
Dorsey" show, "The Milton Berle Show," "The Steve
Allen Show" and "The Ed Sullivan Show" made h,m
There are still 625 active Elvis fan clubs world-
wide. and more than 600,000 people tour
Graceland every year.
Elvis Presley
Long Uuethe kin
ROCK LOST ITS ROYALTY 30 YEARS AGO, BUT ELVIS UVES ON. ALTHOUGH HE DIDN'T UVE LONG
ENOUGH TO CASH IN' ON SOCIAL SECURITY, IN HIS 42 YEARS HE DIO MANAGE TO LEAVE THE
WORLD ALL SHOOK UP BY TAKING CARE OF BUSINESS ENTERTAINING THE WORLD.
There are still 625 active Elvis lan
clubs worldwide, and more than
600,000 people tour Graceland
Every year. In 2006, Graceland
was designated a National
Historie landmark8.
Since his death, Elvis
has been inducted9
into the Rock 'n'
RolI, Country Musc
and Gospel Music
Association halls 01
lame.
,In 1997, Elvisappeared
(via a videotape) in a live
concert with more than 30
01 his lormer band members in a
concert in Memphis. The concert
wert on tour, shaking up box ollice
sales across the country and in
London. Elvis became the lirst
deceased'O perlormer to head-
line" a concert tour. AE
8 landmark: a strucrurc:(as a building) of
unu~u:J historical inten:st; espedally one [hu is
officially de~ign:ued and ser aside fOI
preservatioo I 9 inducted: inttoduccd
formally 01 with a spedal ceremony ro an
organiudon 01 group I 10 deceased:
(formal) dead 111 headllne: ro ap~ar as
the ital performc:r:le (a ooncett).
27
28
F 1 " , ' .
A ~ l
.,' DE I / l
Ol1e call1earl1
a lot b } 1 eati115
wit11111~ia115
OV
,()I
IBy Thomas Swick
NeXl day. I wokeup and decided 10walk up
lhe Slreel. There \Vereside\Valks. bU[ lhey
had missing sections. uproorcd sections,
lrees growing in lhe middle. Everyone used
lheSlreel. which meammosdy menoin lheir
I ighl-colored shins and dark faded pams.
When females appeared -usually in salwar
kameez
5
, somerimes in saris- ir was as if char-
aClersfrom acolor film had been dropped
imo one in black-and-\Vhile.
Then. I sleoled" mysolffor anolher laxi ride
and was dropped al the emrance 10 the
I ndira Gandhi House. 11 \Vasa rambling
7
while bungalow sel behind hedges. The
![\X'III N 'nIIIR
lO leHL \)0 X,N 1"1 "1Hol' I
IHA \ YOL' REAll/l
YOI lL"Il (LlllA-~.'-I.('OODB11
ORlll R. lI PkUP. HY GI .E L ( L 1[(..1 1
}Illl()llj "1~L G HLLLOCH\lJ '.
lIJ E 1I
J 'I \1\.1
I 1VI [) 1 1
n a Sunday evening al I ndira Gandhi
I mernational Airpon in Dolhi. I plucked' my
bagand walked. jusI asMrs. Grover had inslrucl-
ed. 10lhePre-paidTaxi window. Then 1headedWilhmy
receipl out imo the molee'. "GreenPark." I saidlo my driver.
The sun slipped lowbehind acunain of fag. smoke and dus!.
There wasaspaciousncss lhal you didn't find in Mumbai. bUl
the buildings. even though newer. bOlesimilar signsof delerio-
ration. The streets were wider. but [he drivers just as manic3.
Welurned down aI ivolyshapFing Slreel. om headlighlSclllling
through lhedusk. scattering saris". Aflel anorhel lurn wedrove
lhrough an open gale and down a Slleel of moderno lighdy
bunched houses. wheleMrs. G,over. the\Vomanwha remed me
a room, stand waiting.
VOCABULARY
1 pluck(ed): to pulJ.romC=lhing. C$pcciJ.Uy with J. sudden movemcllt, in (Jrder to tc-lllO\'(, ir I 2 melee: (Jj[uary) a largc noi$)' unconrrolled crowd. in
whkh pcople are moving in diffcteOl directions and somctimes figluing with cach otlta I 3 manic: vefY exdtcd Of amcious in a way that causes Y0l! 1 0
be \'er}' physic-J.llyani\'l'14 sari(s): a drrn. wom cSpc'cially by InJiall ami PakistJ.ni women. consiscing of a ver)' long piece of thin doro wrapped around
rhe b oJ} ' I 5 salwar kameez: an oUlfir wom in SlIurh Aoiiancountrics b y men anJ womcn cornprising loose trolJS(:f'!i and a long shirt 1 6 steel(ed)
(myself): mcnrally prepare (oncsclf) ro <io or (Jee sorncthing difllculr 1 7 rambling: (of a road Of Itouse) l.2rgcand sprc:ading out in many difTCR'nt
directiotls
30
Vioitorsopend afew quiet momento alongoide thio peaceful pool at the Sikhtemple.
front roomo had been emptied of furniture and the
\Vallohung with photographs. [n the back of [he
house. the dining room. the study and the teception
room \Verekept as they were when she \Vasalive.
Outside. aglasspanel marked the Spot where she fell
after being shot by her Sikh bodyguards.
BackinGreen Park I walked.long the main shopping
street. past the newsstand
8
the Madras Cafe. [hesari
sto re and inco Evergreen, the famous sweetmt:ats shop.
[ choseacolorful assortment" andcarried the box roa
young woman \Vhogavemeareceiptthat I rook to the
counter.
On \Vednesday morning I caught a taxi to Rajiv
Chowk (Connaught Place). (UnlikeMumbai. Delhi is
roo spread oue ro explore on [oor, and if.il weren't.
you'd almost al\Vaysarrive covered in dust.) Geuing
out. I felt Iittleof my usual relief.Thete wasno sealing
going on.
Thc tOl-lr
Our flrst stop was [heIndira Gandhi house. The two
Sikhs who killed her put down their guns and said:
'We've done Que dll[Y, now do youes.'
\Ve drove along wide. tree-Iined boulevards and
came eventually to agreat open space divided by a
long ceremonial avenue. This was the Rajpath.
stretching between India Gate and Rashtrapati
Bhavan (the ptesidem's. fotmerly viceroy's'D.
house). Fogdeprived themall of its grand sweep'1,
bllt es individual pieces conveyed a sense of power.
The Sikh temple had a parking garage. We took off
our shoes and socks in aside omce. stepped into a
Iiule foot pool. mtered the temple. descended some
steps and flled inro a hall where women sat hand.
pressing roti'2.
Que next stop was (he municipal crema[Qcium. \ Ye
walked with men carrying bundles of sticks. The
mourners
13
ga[her the wood [hemselves and bum
the body. A group brough[ a draped corpse on a
stretcher" and ser i[ down on ablock before amural
ofShiva. Litde arcs ofwa[er shot up fromboth sides.
ritually c1eansing rhe body. while a recorded jingle
played.
After lunch, we plunged into Old Delhi. The tour
guide wem flrst. loping'5 [hrough streets packed
wi[h people. skirting rickshaws" and cans, boune-
ing off porters
17
bent double under saeks. He
c1imbed an enerusted srairease that. halfway up,
8new.sstand~a.rabIe oro[cmporary strJ~ure u~dasa snull shap fOf scUing ncwspapers U1d mag;mnes outside in public places I 9 assortment:
a colleclion conwnmg a v3racty of wru of 1ungs 110 vlceroy: a ft'pr~nt.ati\'('of a king or queen who ruJes IOrmem in anQrher counuJ 1
11
sweep:
a broad unbrok:n .area or C 'xlem 1 , 2 rotl: unleavened bread made from ... hc:at Aour and cooked on a griddl~.originally from nouhem 50mh Asia b"u
;lIso calen in me C aribbean 113 mourner(s): a person .... ho ancnds a funeraJ as rdarive or friend of me drad persan 114 stretcher: a ligln (r;me
molde from (WO long peles with a C QVerof 50ft m3lerial Strclchcd berween mem, used ror carrying pcople who a~ iII. injurcd or dC 'ad1
1
5 lope(ing):
(of a person or animal) ro run taking longrclaxed StC 'ps116 rickshaw(s): a sma.ll covcred passcnger vchk.e ... ith rwo ... hecls which is u.~uJ.J1y pullc:d
by one persoo 117 porter(s): a person .vhose job is te carry things, espedally Ird.veler's bags al railway stations. airpom, erc
31
One 01the graceful tombs inthe Lodi Gardens.
welHpitch black and then, around atum, filledwith
light and the suffocating dust of unnamable spices.
We coughed and sneezed and covered Out mouths
while his white sneakets led fearlesslyon.
The nex( morning. Mes. Grover gave me a key chain
as a fatewell gift. At first 1 thought the three-poim-
ed stat on it was an anciem Hindu symbol but then
I decided it was the Mercedes-Benz logo. 1 success-
fully waved 0f1
8
the maid, lugged my suitcase
downsraits, and emered the taxi for the dreaded"
ride to the aitport. AE
______ IIC',,.,,. ,.".
1f,,~5"...
G E T T ING T HE R E : [flew India's excellent}? t Airways from Mumbai to
De\hi, bul numerau5 other international airines fly ioto Delhi from abroad.
G E T IING AR O UND: T aK is. E njoy.
E AT ING : T here are numerous restaurants fuaturing international (as
befits
20
a world capital) as well as Indiancuisines.
G UIDE BO O K : M F oolprint India HandbooK ,. a thicK , thin.papered,
incredibly thorough comperdium 01 indisptnsable practica! lnformation
and insightful historical and cultural backg'ound.
IN F OR MATlON : WoN Wjncrediblejndja aro
VO CABULAR V__ . _
18 waved off: (Qwa\'c 10 someone as(hey eaveaplace in ordC'rtO say
goodbyc 119 dreaded: (humorous) ftared 120 befit(s): to besui(a-
Meor right fo~
Without going back to the text,
in braekets in the
correet form
On aSunday eveningat Indira Gandhi
lnternationa! Airpon in Delhi, la), , .
(pluck) my bagand walked, jusr asMrs. Graver
b) (insttuct), to the Pte-paid Taxi
window. Then 1 headed wirh my receipt out
imo the melee. "Green Park," I said romy driv-
er. The sun e) (slip) lowbehind a
curtain of fog, smokeand dusr. There wasa
spaciousness thar YOild) .., (not
f1nd)inMumbai, bU[the buildings, evenmough
newet, e) (bear)similar signsof
deterioration. The streetsf) (be)
wider, but thedriversjusr asmanic. Werurned
down alivelyshopping srreer, our headlights
g) , (cur) through [hedusk, scatter-
ingsaris. Afret another mm wedrovethtough
anopen gateand down asrreet of modern,
tighdy h) , (bunch) house" where
Mes. Gruver, (hewoman who remed mea
room, stood i) (wait). N ext day, I
woke up and decided toj) (walk
up) the srreet. There wetesidewalks, but mey
had missingsections, k) (upraot)
section" [[ees1) , (graw) in me mid-
die. Everyoneused ,hestteet, which meam
mostly men, in theit light-colored shirrs and
dark m) (fade)pants.
~y W :\IU]MOJ 9 ([ :~"KJ J dn ('l idn '1I"'N o (! :1luf" (1IP>'flUn<1 ('1 !1IUlll1CI
(1I:~""" U i;lloq (~:puu l,lIJ 'IP (p i(d!l' <Id!" {' :p=>lJ nl1'''l m (q ~d (1
=u,. V :l M l J i N ' f'
32
, ,,~ '4' ~.' " J - ,,~,~ ').~, .. " lo' " :'" - - - - - - - - - - -
A
I E
./,'h' .; . ' t . : : . ' ' ' < C,l\l " '1 -((f"fr, " '.' ',' . '
ct ua n as HLfH" .,.. ., . ,~~.,.:.',. . . .
Mobile
c a r c e
I By Tricia Duryee
-'.
CAL L lNG AL L SHOPPERS! BUZZ, GETTING L OUDER
AROUND THE BUSINESS.
1
,'s no[ surprising that in
lechnologicallyadvanced
japan, you can buy aCoke
rhrough a cell phone. bur whar
amazed Dan \Vrighr lhe Illosr
wa, rhe perfume.
" Sdling perfume over rhe mobi-
lephone doesn'r seem rhar
inruitive," he said. Wrighr lear-
nec abour rhe phenomenon in
2003 rhrough conversarions
wirh Index. alargeJ apanese
cor.glomerare rhar was \)'ing
2
ro
buy Mobliss. rhe mobile
game and rexr- messa-
ging eompan)' where
he worked.
\Virh rhe informarion
in hand. Wrighr
began ro researeh
[he idea of selling
physieal goods over
mobile phones in
rhe U.S., and perfu-
me sraned ro sound
more reasonablc.
Wrighr said eviden-
ce makes rhe business
compelling
l
based on billions
rhe J apanese were spending in
2003 on goods over rhe phone.
" 1s" w rhar rhere was abig
opponuniry here." he said.


33
In fact, roJ a}' subscribets alte-
ad}' spend billions of dollars on
ringrones, graphics, mobile
games and other digital contento
On a mote limited basis, they
can also bll}' blls tickets or pa}'
for parking or othet Iow-cost
Hcms.
vlobile commetce also has some
limitations. Thollgh mobile
oevices have grown
4
more
sophisticated, their screens and
keypads are still smal!. It's also
true that pteViolls mobile-shop-
ping attelllpts have failed.
"Ir was awhole combinatior. of
things. There weren't enoug"
merchants, there was poor user-
friendliness
5
, and there were
latency6 issues thar came with
poor devices," Shivers said.
Bllt Todd Striclder, a manager
of straregic development ar
Verizon Wireless, said rhar rhe
pl'Omiseis coming back again
beca use "110W you have users
and you have technology rhat
works".
Bigonline properties such as
Amazon.com, eBay and
Ovetsrock have started ro dab-
ble
7
in the business.
To be sureS, the number of
people shopping on theit
phone is still microscopic. Alan
Goode, asenior analyst at
juniper Research in the United
Kingdom, estimates that in
Nonh America, mobile purcha-
sen will spend $505 million in
2008, and $1.9 billion by 20lO.
Worldwide, there's amore lucra-
tivemarket. He forecasred reve-
nues of $7 billion in 2008 and
$20 billion by 2010.
Wright said "it's still teally early,
bUI the market opporruniry is
massive. With abour 237 million
witeless subsctibers in the U.S.
and the mobile Web continuing
ro grow in terms of adoption,
rhere are alot of things thar are
happening that will lcad ro con-
sumer adoption." AE
Sour(e: J uni per Res earc h, J anuary 2006.
The numbers
Market revenues
Worldwi de: :stimated $7 billion by 2008 and $20 bdion by 2010.
North Ameri c a: Estimated $505 million in 2008 and $1.9 billion by 2010.
Market s i ze
Worldwi de: .A.bout18 million people will buy goods on their mobile phones
by 2008 and 132 million by 2010.
North Ameri c a: About 9 million people will buy goods in 2008 and
16 million by 2010.
Trans ac ti on values
Worldwi de: The average will be $14 in 2008, rising lO $17 by 2010.
North Ameri c a: The average will be about $10 in 2008, rising to $14
by 2010.
, buzz: sound of a huua or tc!CpllOllC I 2 vying: (presl:m p;lrticiplt' of vie;': compete cagerl)' with mht'rs in arder ro do or achkve somclhing I 3
compelling: 1a rca.~on,argumellt, (te. is compcJ:ing, il makcsY0l! hdievt'il or acccpl i( bccallse il is ~o strong 14 grow(n): become 1 5 u~er-
friendliness: lhe quali[y of being u;l.'r-fricnJly. i.c. designcd [O bc casy fot an untraincd user 10 use; especially (fot a ~ompU[et system) ha~mg a
uniform look ;lIlJ fcd anJ sUlIdard wid&ets 16 latency: the qu.alilY O[ STJ[eofbdng tucnt (prl.'sl.'nt and C3pable ofbccornmg though not now vIsIble,
obvious ur aClive) I 7 dabble: 10 t.a~ca slight and nO[ very setiom intcres( in a subjc((, or try a partkular activity (or a short pcriod I 8 lo be
s ure: (iJiom;ltic) admiucdly, undoublCdl)', ccrrainl}'
34 Actual En lish 11 r MTI I
RVIVI
1 By Becky Sher
FIRST-J OB J ITTERS,?
SL AY, YOUR FEARS
ANO CONQUER THE
WORKPL ACE WITH
THESE TIPS. ,.
35
N
oehing can eveereaUy
maechchehorror of
chefirseday aeanew
- r job, especiaUyif ie'sche
us( time you've strapped 011 a :ie
_ and saein chesameplacefor eighe
(or more) hours sttaighe.
r /You'eesuddenly facedwiehche
1
/ very real fear eha you'Uhaveno
ideahow rodo whaethey want
! you rodo, and that they're going
roc.1tchon
3
beforeyou evengee
your first paycheck. Never fear:
everyone faces a firs( job ar sorr:e
poinr. and almasr everyone surri-
r ves. But to make the whole thing
aliedeeasier, weve put rogether a
guide to help you navigate che
poeential potholes4 along cheway:
dimcult bossesand ethic.11issues.
Eehical behavior is imponant
Settling inro a ncw workplace can
. bealot likefitting into ahigh
school cliqueS. )uselikeyou acd
your high school pals wore che
same clothes and listened ro tI,e
~amemusic, rou and youe collea-
gues need caabide
G
by the same
rules for omce etiquette and
ethics. Buethis time, it's abour
'ore than just fitting in.
Ajan Axelrod, author of "My
First Book of Business Etiquetre'
and "My First Book of Eusine;,
Eehics," says if you don'e foliow
the unwritten rules of your office,
you could find yourself the butt
of jokes
7
, oc even warse, 011 youe
way oue the door.
Here are sorne tips on how ro
avoid ehem:
ETHICS
>Avoid rationalizing unethical
behavior. Oon'e ehink that the
means justiIY the ends. Don't
baseyour decisions on anger or
other emoCons.
>Think of me consequences of
youe decisions.
ETIQUETTE
> Give youe customers oc COWOf-
kers value by demonstraeing your
manners and compcrcncc.
>Constantly build arapporr"
with youe coworkers.
>5quash stereorypes when you
hear ehem. And avoid gender-
specific words like "manmade' or
"businessman. "
>omce politics: Avoid backsrab-
bing
9
and gossip, bur sray invol-
ved in what's going on.
>Therc is no faster war to make
abad impression (han showing
up'o late.
Oealing with an 'idiot boss's
It's an honored tradition: working
for an idiot boss. They don't take
suggestions, dOl think efficiendy
and don't makeyour job easier.
50, wili you get along with your
new boss?
WeI:, that depends on you.
5e1f-proclaimed former "idiot
boss," )ohn Hoover, author of
"How ro Work for an diot,"
explains thaeyou have rwo choi-
ces: ger in your boss'sway, or be
the best employee you can be.
Wi cornmunicarioll, posicio-
ning and orher srcarcgies, Hoover
saysnew employees can get on
thei, boss'sgood side" and create
apositive relationship.
>5tudy your boss and notice the
signals heor shesends. Pick up
on body language and spoken
language. Figureout your boss's
agenda'2. Then you'li beable to
readyour boss beteer, understand
what heor she is telling you and
derermine your besr eourse of
aerion.
>Only afool would try ro chan-
gethe boss. Ir's beteer lO become
pan of (he eeamby enhancing
you, boss'scareer with snccessful
projects and hard work.
> Always posirion yourself as an
advoeare, not an adversary.
>1'0 boss will get upset with
you for making his employees
1110(emotivaeed or happy. Get
involved with s(aff evenrs. AE
\(<!-CABUlARY __ .._ _ ~_. __ __ -----.
1 jitters: a f(eling of nervousness which rou cxpcrience hefore somerhing important happc:ns 12 slay; ro kili in a vio~ent way. figl~rativel~spcaking
lO (lestro)' or eliminare 13 catch on: (jJioUlalic) lO hegin tu understand; ro rcalize or dc:rect \4 pothole(s): a hole l/l a road surtace WhlCh resu]~s
from gradual damage caused by uaffic and/or weather; figur:lIively. 3 . problem 15 dique: (disapproving; a small group of people wh.o.spend rhe1
time wgelher and do llot wdc(lltle other peor1e inrolh.al group 16 abide (by something): ro accept or abeyan agreeme.n.t. dec:lSlon or r.uk
7 the butt 01 jokes: a person who isjokcdahOUI or la\!~hedae 18 rapport: a goodur.derstanding of someone and an ahlllt~10 commUnlcate
wdl wilh Ihem 19 backstabbing: he:rayal (as hy a verbal atlack againsl Olle flot prcsent) especially bya false friend 110 s~ow(mg}up: appea:
1
- -bl k ' . 111 get on somebody's (their boss's) good side: 10 make ;omcolle pleased wlth yO\! 112 agenda.
ur lccnmc "']SI e~ ma C'a ShOWlIlg
a lisl of aims or possiblC' future achievements
36
ACTUAL ENGLiSH
LEVEL$:
Oiameter
2.575-2.7 in.
(65.4-68.6 mm)
Asphalt/concrete
Mid-speed acrylic
Acrylic
Acrylic/sand
Fine rubber
Inflated to
12/b./sC;.
in. (83kPa)
Elastic sealant'
D
I .
rain pipe
Drainage layer
Wimbledon
Ryegrass'
0.3 In. (8mm) grass
Topsoil'
Sinder
Rebound'
Sall dropped
100in. (254
cm) should
bounce'
53-58 in.
(135-147 cm)
FrenchOpen
~
~

.'
f
+
Deformalion
Sall should keep
shape after being
squeezed with 18lb.
(8.2 kg) of pressure
r
I Rubber
Adhesive
Asphalt/concrete
Players in the annua/ Grand S/am
toumaments face off' four different tennis
court technologies.
Rules for official balls
+
. - .
-
Sulfaces and how they react lo weather
~
Slow acrylic
Acrylic
Filler
Fiberglass
Sealer
Tenni s Tech
Sun and heat make
rubberized surface
sticky and slower
Humidity and rain slow
court; brushing makes
it harder and faster
Cold air speeds up
courts; damp10 grass
makes balls heavy
Cold and rain make
court slower; warmth
makes it taster
Source: Aus~rallanOpen, OecoTurf, Dunl~ French Open, InternationalTennis
Federdtion, Rebound A.c.e.Slazenger. U.5. Open, Wilson, \Vimbledon
Graphic HiramHenriqlJ el.
Sun.Sertinel
Cl2006Ma
1 face off: ro begin pl.ty (in hO(key. lJ .o:rns~e-.ami other SpUr!S. I n Mart or r<:!il;J .T( play hy dropping lht" pUl:k or ball ber\\"cen r\\lo oppo-
sing pI are!");); ro confronr somroody/some-thin
b
12 rebound: ;I nlln'cmeJ 1l b;lck frum :1:\ impacto afte! hining a hardmrtact' 13 boun-
ce: lO ':cau..\eto) mm-c up or d~'3y airer hitting a ~urfaCt' 14 sealant: a sl.lman(;e lI scd lO seal ~omt"lhiJ lg.C'.g. by filJ ing g.lpS oc making
a sllrtacc nonporolU 1S felt: cJ otb made b)' rolling dnd pressing wool Ofanolhcr suit:lhlc lcxti!t. accol11p,Ulicd by the applic:.uiltll uf rnois-
ture Uf heat, whkh (au~ rhe flbcl>ro mar rogC'tht"r16 red c1ay: thick. h~;]v}'e.mll lh;u issorr wlll'n Wl.t, anJ hard when dr)' or hakt'd.
whnsC' redness resulrs from iron olLde I 7 rye grass: a ~ras~ dw is wiJ ely cUllivatcd as (orage, a.~; l"1Ver crop. and for lawns 1
8
top-
soil: rhe upper fertik layer of mil. roro which plant mms I J ke nUlriencs 19 damp: sligluly or mnct;w:l)' wet I 10drain pipe: a
pipe wnich rcmo\"es wasre \V1ll'r, r.J n .. ;rcc. or St:W;1gc
Anthony Hopkins stars as "Ted
Crawfort:t
M
in movie. "Fracture."
Af()vie N ~l'elU 111ol/ieReview MOllie
Hopkins ta kes
another villainous"
Amhon)' Hopkins' wife would like him ro
lie more. Speciflcally, she would like him 10
Stop insisting (har acting is llar rhar diffi-
cult, and (Q sran making up srories abour
hO\l.' he creares memorable charactcrs, such
as serial killer Hannibal Leeter in The
Silence of rhe Lambs, fOf which he won an
Osear, and the brilliant ami diabolic.11wife-
murderer Ted Crawford in Fracture.
"When I [e11people tha[ I use Icarn my
tines and that's all fheee is to tU, roy wife
thinks rhar l'm pucting clown 13 [he craft
of aering. bur l'm 00[, 1could come up
with faney rheories but I rhink rhar rhe rext is aH [he informarian you need." In
Fracture, which he says is [he best-written scrip: he's ecadsince The Silence of rhe
Lambs, he plays a srrucrural engineer who strongl)' suspects rhar his )'ounger wife
is having an affair, Rather than encouraging his wife [Owork out their marital dif-
flculties through counseling'4, he decides to sh,ot her in the head. Hopkins, who
has rnade seven movies in me last t\'VO years Oncluding Slipsrream, which he wrore
and direcred), acknowledged
15
that atmospherc on the set and time spenr in rehe-
arsa16playan imponant role in gerringhim imo characrer, "1show up at the loca-
tion in the morning and grab a cup of coffee. 1go [O hair and makeup, and put
on the characrer' s clothes. 1talk to the director and the other actors. The came-
ra crewcomes in and marks the set. We go through 17sorne rehearsals and by rhe
time 1get rhrough 18with aHrhat reading and preparation, I'ro mo rhe charac-
ter. Ir works for me, and it's as exciring now Qir was 30years ago."
VOCABULARY
1funny bone: a point on the dbow where the ulnar neTVepasses near the surfacei a shatp tin-
gl,in
g
sensatian results when the neTVeis k:lOcked agaimt rhe bane. Figurativdy s~aking. a per..o-
n s~ense ofhumor 12 dellver(s): to produce the promised, desirro, or expec:ted resuhs 13 iII-
sU.lted: ~nsuirablc, unfir or inappropria(e for sorne p"'rpose /4 unimpressive: nor capable
of.l~~ressmg 15 ~owe,...mad: craving for power 16barrage: a grear number of complaims,
Ci.f1CL~ms or qu:stlons suddenly directed at someone. In rhis case. a great number of visual and ver-
bal jokes directed to the audiena I 7dished: given or served 1 8 unmanned: having lost
manly vigor, fortitude, or spirit 1 9impending: des:ribes an event, usually something unplea-
saJll or unwamed, th~t is going to ~.lp~en soon 110 chartreuse: h.aving me rellowish green
color ~f Chartreuse hqueur 111vllla,nous: being or having rhe chancter of a vill.ain (a cha-
racter 10 a story or play wha opposes the heTo) 112 that's all there is to it: that is all ir
consists in. Th~re is no secret ro be revealed /13 putt(ing) down: (inform.al) to make sorne.
t~jng appear ridkulous or wlimponant by being critiCll or scornfull'4 counseling: advice
gJ\'en by a trained person to people who art: trying to fir.dsolutions lOproblems with their marri.l.-
ge 115ack.nowledge(d): to accept, admit or recognize somerhing, or t~e truth or existen-
~ o~somelhlng 116rehearsal: a time when aJl the people involved in aplay. dance. etc. prac-
nce In order to.prepart: for.a performance r 17go ttlrough: pursue to a conclwion or bring
to a successfullssue 118get through: finish a tas<cornpletdy
VOCABULARY __ o _
Matt Damon's
back as Bourne
1of a lifetime: describes an experienceor opportuniry that is .ery special because ir is rheonlr
lime you will beable(O hendir fromir 12 rogue: (old fashioned humorous) a person whobeha-
'fes badly bur whoyou srilllike 13 hint(ed): rosa)' or dosomething that shows in an indirect way
what you think or want 14 reportedy: according rorepum or orher informadon 1 5versa~
tile: abletchange easily fmmone activir)' 10anorher or ablelObeused for many different pur-
?ose: 16 lead role(s): rhemos[ imporralll eharacter in a movie 17 cultural milestone:. an
lmportant event in the devdopmenr or hiswry of cdture I8 counterpart.: a person or thmg
which has thesamepurpme asanother (loein a differel1t place19 screenwrlter: a person "",ho
writes ascrcenplay (rhesto:y for a film) 110serviceman: someonc whu serves in rhearmed for-
ces; a membcr of a military force
39
J f R '11' U
Actor Matt Damon arriyes atthe premiere
of -The Bourne Ultmatum." al the
Cinerama Dome in Los Angeles. California.
Ir l / K , lJlt' (
"The first rhing 1do""hen 1gcr up in rhe l110rning is rhank Doug Liman for
giving me the role of a lifetime'. Thar complerdy alrered rhe rrajcetory of my
career." Liman was rhe director of rhe firsr Bourne l11ovic. The Bourne IJ enriey,
ami he has aJ mined rhar ir was J struggle ropersuade smdio cX t."Curivcs rocast
Damon in [he role. "No one elsewould have put me in rhar role. 1didn't evcn
see m}'sdf in rhar role." In Thc 30urne Idemir)'. rhe CIA-traincd killer suffers
fmm amnesia and tries lO asseml:le rhe pieces o C his Iife. In rhe firsr seque! The
Bourne Supremac)', Bournc sl'cks revcngc againsr lhe people who killed his girl-
friendo Now, in Tlle Bourne UlrimamIl1. he is again rhe rargcr of rogue2 CIA
agenrs, bUl chis rime he rcturns roNt:w York Ci{)' roconfronr {hose responsihle
for {ransforming him imo a mom{cr. AH rhree films are baseJ on {helate Roben
Ludlun bes{-selling Cold War novels. Damon, who won an Osear wirh bcs{
friend Ben Affieck for writing
[he 1997 film Good Will
Hunring, saicl he never rcad
Ludlum's novels bU{ loved {he
approach taken by Liman and
Greengrass in {hefilms.
Daman said the J asan Bourne
character has changed his \ife
beca use i{ allawed him {hefre.
edom tochoase differem kinds
of roles. However, Daman has
hinted
3
{ha{ he does no{ wam
ro return ro the franchise,
although s{udio executives
reporredly4 asked him toleave
me door open when he met
with {he media. Here is his
explanation: "1 am Ilot trying
to be perceived as an action
star. 1amooly trying tobe per-
ceived as versatileS."
. LEVELS ADVANCEb IP~OfICIENCY
41
T h e M o d e l

1 1 0 0 8 1 1 1 1
IBy Osear Wilde
NLESS ONE IS WEALTHY
(hece is no use in being
a eharming fellow.
Romance is (he privi-
legeof the rieh, nO! the
profession of the
unemployed. The poor
should be praetical and
prosaico Ir is berree ro have a permanent
ncome (han ro be fascinating. These are
the great truths of modern Iife whieh
Hughie Erskine never realised. Poor
Hughie! IntelleetualIy, we muS! admit,
he was nO{ of rnuch importance. He
never said a brilliant or even an ill-
natured thing in his Iife. But then hewas
wonderfully good-Iooking, with his
erisp brown hair, his e1ear-eut profile,
and his grey eyes. He was as popular
with men as he was with wamen, and he
h.d every aeeomplishment exeept that
of making money. His father had
bequeathed' him his cavalry sword, and
a HiS!ory of the Peninsular War in fif-
teen volumes. Hughie hung e RrS!
over his looking-glass, put the second on
a shelf berween Ruff's Guide and
Bailey's Magazine, and Iived on rwo
hundred ayear that an old aunt allowed
him. He had tried everything. He had
gone on the Stock Exehange for six
months; but what was a butterfly to do
among bulls and bears? He had been a tea-
merehant for a Iittle longer, but had soon
tired of pekoe2 and souehongl. Then he
had tried selling dry sherry. That did not
answer; ,he sherry was a !itrle too dry.
Ultimately he beeame nothing, a delight-
fuI, inelfectua! young man with a perfeet
profile and no profession.
To make mattees woese, he was in lo"e.
The girl he loved was Laura Merlon, me
daughter of a retired Colonel who had loS!
his temper and his digestion in India, and
had never found either of them again. Lauta
adored him, and he was ready to kiss her
shoe-strings. They were the handsomeS!
couple in London, and had not a penny-
pieee berween them. The Colon el was very
fond of Hughie, but would not hear of any
engagerncnt.
'Come to me, my boy, when you havegot
ten thousand pounds of your own, and we
wil! see abour it,' he used to say; and
Hughie looked very glum" on those days,
and had to go to Laura for consolation.
Qne morning. as he was 0 0 his way to
Holland Park, where the Merlons Iived, he
dropped in ro seeagreat friend of his, A:an
Trevor. Trevor was a painter. Indced, few
A B OU T TIlE A U THOR
Osear Fingal O'Flahertie Wi IIs
Wilde (Oetober l G, 1854-
No\'cmbe=r 30, 1900) was an lrish
playwright. nm.-e1ist,poet, and
author o C shon stori~s.His rieh
and dramatic ponnyals o C the
human condltion carne during
the height o C the Victorian E ra
that swept through Landon in
me late 19th centul}'. A t a time
when all citiuns of B ritain ~re
6nally able to embrace literature
me wealthy and oouc.atoo could
only once afford, Wilde "'Tate
many shon stories, plays and
pocms mat continue to inspire
milLions around the world.
He wa.~aspok~man fOl me late
19m-century A esthetic
movemcnt in E ngland, which
arlvoc,lItedart fOl an's sake; and
h~was me ohjeo of eclebratcd
civil and criminal suits invohin&
homoscxuality, ending in his
imprironmcnt (l89S-97).
VOCABULARY . _. ~ __ .. .. ___ _ _ ,..
1 be que ath (e d ): [O ar~nge te gh'e money 01 propcny te othcrs after YOU l de~uhI2 pe ko e : a high-c.uatiryblack tca made from roung leave5 I
3 souchong: (Chinese) a tea made from the larger olcler [caves of the shoot I 4 glum: quiedy rnclancnolic or miscub[c
42
- - - - - -
Sto telln THE MODEl MllllONAIRE
peop!e escape [hat nowadays. Bu[ he
was al50 an artist, and anists are
rachee rareo Personally he was a
mange rough fellow, with a freckled
faee and a red ragged beard.
However, when he [Qok up [he
brush he was a real master, and his
pictures were eagerly sought ,frer.
He had been very mueh anraeced by
Hughie a[ fiest, i[ must be aeknowl-
edged, emitely on aeeoum of his
personal eharm. 'The only peop!e a
painter should know,' he used rosay,
'are people who are bete' and beau-
ti fu!' people who are an anistie
pIeasure ro look a[ and an imellecru-
al repose ro talk ro. Men who are
dandies and women who are dar!ings
rule the world, at least they should
do so.' However, aftee he gm ro
know Hughie beteer, he liked him
quite asmuch for his bright buoyam
spirirs
6
and his generous reckless
nature, and had given him [he per-
manent eorree
1
to his studio.
When Hughie carne in he found
l,evor puning the finishing rouehes
ro a wonderful life-size pieture of a
beggar-man. The beggat himself was
standing 00 a raised platform in a
cornee of [he srudio. He was a wiz-
ened
a
old man, with afaeelikewrin-
kled parehmem', an~amost pit<ous
expression. Over his shoulders was
flung10 a eoarse brown c1oak, all
[caes and tauees"; his thick boots
"'ere patehed and eobbled
12
, and
",i[h one hand he leam on a rough
stiek, while with [he other he ,eld
out his barteted hat for alms
13
.
'What an amazing model!' whis-
pered Hughie, as he shook hands
with his friend,
'An amazing model?' shoured
Trevor at (he top ?f his voice '1
should think so! 5ueh beggars as he
are no[ ro be met with every day. A
rrouvaille 14, morr chef; a living
Velasquez! My stars! What an eteh-
ing
15
Rembrand[ would have made
ofhim!'
'Poor old ehap! said Hughie, 'how
miserable he looks! Bur I suppose, ro
you painters. his face is his fanune?'
'Cenainly,' replied Trevor, 'you
don't wam a beggar [o look happy,
do you?'
'How mueh does a model get for
si[ting?' asked Hughie, as he found
himself a comfonable seat 00 a
divan.
'A shilliog ao hour.'
'And how mueh do you get for
your picture. Ajan?'
'Oh, for chis1get cwo thousand!'
'Pounds?'
'Guineas. Painters. poets, and
physici~ns always get guineas.'
'':V'ell, 1 think the model should
have a pereemage,' eried Hughie,
laughing; 'they work quite as hard as
you do.'
'Nonsense, nonsense! WhY. look at
the [fouble of laying on the paim
alone, and standing all day long at
ones easel! Ir's all very well, Hughie,
for you ro talk, bU[ 1assure you [hat
there are rnoments when Art almost
anains ro the digniry of manual
labour. But you musm't eharter; l'm
very busy. Smoke a cigarette. and
kee? quiet.'
After sorne time the servant carne
io, and rold Trevor that [he frame-
maker wamed ro speak ro him.
'Don't run away, Hughie,' he said,
as he wem out, '1will be baek in a
moment.'
The old beggar-man rook advan-
tage ofTrevor's absence ro rest foc a
rno:nent on a wooden bench that
was behind him. He looked so for-
10m16and wretehed
17
,hat Hughie
could not help pirying him, aod felt
in his pockets to see what money he
hado A1l he eould find was a sover-
eign
18
and sorne coppers
19
. 'Pooe
old fellow,' he thought ro himself,
'he waolS i[ more than 1do, bu[ it
rneans no hansorns
20
for a fort-
night;' and he walked aeross the stu-
dio and slipped the sovereign imo
the beggars hand,
The old mao started, and a fajm
VOCABULARY .
___ __~ __ '4'~~_' _ _
5 bete: (French) beast I 6 buoyant spirits: a SUte of happiness characteriled by Ii\'diness and light.heanednes.s I 7 entre: (permission to
ente::r):access, admission. adminance. entry 1 8 wizened: having dry skin with lines in it, espedally because of old age:: 1 9 parchment: me thin
dried skin of sorne animals which was U5td in the past fo! writing on, or a high qualit), pa~r made::lO loo( Iike this 1 10 1Iu"g: (past simple and
pan participle::of fling) put on or t:Uteoff (clothes) cardessly and rapidly 111 tatters: irregularl)' lOrn pieces of clOlh, paper, ere. 112 cobbled:
(chiefly British) mended or parched coarsely 113 alms: charitable donations of moncy or foodto the poer 114 trouvallle: (French) someming
or someone thar is found; an import:l.ntdisco...ery 115 etehing: picrure produced by printing (rom a metal plate which has been erched with acid
116 10rlor": (Literary) lone and unhapp)'i len alone and nor cared for 117 wretehed: deeply afflieted, dejecred, or dimessed in body or mind
118 sovereign: aformer British gold coin \\Iorm ene pound sterling 119 coppers: (UKinformal) abro\\lncoin oflow value 12 0 hansom(s);
a two-wheded horse-drawn covered carriagewith the driver's seat above and behind thc passer.gers
---- ... ~.-.-
!
LEVELS: ADVANCED I PROFICIENCY
43
smile fliued across rus wirhered
21
lips. 'Thank you, sir.' hesaid, 'ehmk
you.'
Then Trevor arrived, and Hughie
eook his leave, blushing a Iiule at
whae he had done. He spenc eheday
wirh Laura, gor a charming
seolding
22
for his exuavaganee, and
had to walk home.
Thar nighe he srroUed inco rhe
Paleue Club about eleven o'doek,
and found Trevor siuing by himself
in the smoking-room drinking
hoek
2l
and seltzer2
4
.
'WeU, Alan, did you get the pie-
ture finished a1l righr?' he said, ashe
lir his cigarette.
'Finished and fram,d, my boy!'
answered Trevor; 'and, by-the-bye,
you have made a eonquest. Thar old
model you saw is quite devorec ro
you. I had ro teU him aUabout YOll-
who you are, where you live, whar
your ncome is. whar prospecrs you
have--'
'My dear A1an.' eried Hughie, '1
shaU probabIy find him waiting for
me when 1 go home. BU[ of course
YOll are only joking. Poor old
wreteh
2S
! 1wish 1 eould do some-
thing for him. 1think it is dreadful
ehar any one should be so miserable.
I have got heaps of old dorhe, at
home -do )'ou think he would care
for any of ehem? Why, his rags were
falling to bits.'
'Bur he looks splendid in them,'
said Trevor. '1wouldn'r paint him in
a froek-eoat for anyrhing. Whar you
call rags 1 call romance. What seems
poverry te )'ou is picruresquene~to
me. However, 1'11tell him of )'our
offer.'
'A1an.' said Hughie seriously, 'you
painters are a heartless lar.'
'An artist's heart is his head,'
replied l'evor; 'and besides, our
business is ro realise rhe world as we
see it, not ro reform it as we know ir.
A chacun son merier. And now teU
me how Laura is.The old model was
quite inrerested in her.'
'You don'r mean to say you ralked
to him about her?' said Hughie.
'Cerrainly 1 did. He knows aU
abour the relendess Colonel, the
lovely Laura, and the 10,000.'
'You told mat old beggar aU my
private afF.rs?' eried Hughie, look-
ing very red and angry.
'My dear boy.' saidTrevor, smiling,
'that old beggar, as you eaH him, is
one of the richest men in Europe.
He eould buy aULondon to-morrow
wilhout overdrawing his account.
He has a house in every capital, dines
off gold plate, and can prevent
Russia going to war when he ehoos-
es.'
'What on earrh do you mean?'
exdaimed Hughie.
'Whae [ say.' said Trevor. 'The old
man you 5awtoday in the 5tudio was
Baron Hausberg. He isagrear friend
of mine, buys all my pietures and
thar sorr of ming, and gave me a
com:nission a month ago ro paint
him asa beggar. Que voulezvous? La
fancaisie d'un miUionnaire! And [
must say he made a magnifieenc fig-
ure in his rags, or perhaps 1should
say in my rags; they are an old suit
gor in Spain.'
'Baron Hausberg!' eried Hughie.
'Good heavens! [ gave him a sover-
eign!' and he sank into an armchair
ehepieture of dismay.
'Gave him a sovereign!' shouted
Trevor. and he burst into a roar of
Iaughrer. 'My deat boy, you'll never
see ir again. Son affaire c'est l'argent
des autres.'
. think you mighe have told me,
A1an.' said Hughie slllkily26, 'and
not ;,ave let me make sueh a fool of
myself.'
'Well, ro begin with, Hughie.' said
Trevor, 'it never entered rny mind
thar you went about disrributing
alms in thar reckless way. 1 can
understand your kissing a prerty
model, but your giving a sovereign
to an ugly one - by J ove
27
, no!
Besides, the fueeis thae 1really was
nO[ at home roday ro any one; and
wh., you carne in 1 didn't know
whe:her Hausberg would Iike his
name mentioned. You know he was-
n't in full dress.'
'Wha, a duffe~. he must think
me!' said Hughie.
'Not at al!. He was in me highest
spirits afrer you left; kept chuek-
ling'0 to himself and rubbing his old
wrinkled hands together. eouldn',
VO.c~Bl! L~IJ Y. ___ _ . _.. . - -._- .. - --
21 wlthered: dry and dec3-)'ing 122 scolding: (old-fashioned) aharsh eproof 123 hock: (maiol)' .U~atype of white wine f~~Germ~nr
I 24 seltzer: arritlcially carbonated water I 2S wretch: a troubled or distresS(:d person who evokes ptty In others 126 5ulklly. In a sulkmg
manncr (silent and childishly rcfliSiog (Qsrnilc al be pleasant to people Ix:cause you are angry aboue somcthing char they havc=~one)127 by J ov~:
an exclamador. used ro emphasize an acrompanying remark al tO express sutpri~, approval, crc. 128 duffer (informal): an lncompeu:nr oc stUpld
pmon I 29 chuckle(ing): to laughquictly
44
~. ~ - - --~ ---..---~---------~-- __ o ~.~. ~_
. ,- .
St tellin THE MODEL MI LUJ NAI RE '.' LEVELS: ADVANCED I PROFI CI ENCY
FOCUS ON GRAMMAR ANO COMPREHENSION:
Without going backto the texto
to complete the
sentences below respecting the meaning of
the story you have read.
1) Unlessllf/Even Mn case one is wealthy there is no use
in being a charming lel/ow. ~omance is the privilege 01 the
rich, nol the prolession 01 the unemployed. The poor should
be practieal and
2) ambtious/prosaidstoical/hard-workng. It is better to
have a permanent income than to be
3) a millionaire/affluent/ fascinatng/wealthy. These are
the grear truths 01 modem li~e 4) 01 which/on
which/which/whom HughiE Erskine never realised. Poor
Hughie! Intel/ectual/y, we must admit, he was not 01 much
importanee. He never said a oril/iant or even an S) II-
meantlill.natured/absurd/ambivalent thing in his life. But
then he was wonderful/y good-Iooking, with his uisp brown
hai" his 6) c1ear-cutllow/highlGreek pro lile, and his grey
ey es . He WdSas popul ar wi t h men as he was wi t h women,
and he had every
7) ntension/quality/aeeomplishment/goal except that 01
making money His lather had
8) gven/bequeathedlnherted/passed on him his cavalry
sword, and a Histcry 01 the Peninsular War in lilteen
vo/umes. Hughie hung the li"t over his looking-g/ass, put
the second on a shelf betweEn Rull's Guide and Bailey's
Magazine, and lived on two hundred ayear that ao old
aunt 9) inherited/offered/lent/allowed him. He had tried
everything. He had gone on the Stock Exchange lor six
months; but what 10) has/was/had/eould a butterfly to do
among bul /s and bear s ?
il'M (o L:pa.... olle (6 :pa41eanbaq (8 ~lU;)W4i!ldwom!
( :ln:rJUp {9 :p,u"lvu-Ul (5 :I,P!I.M (v ~6u!1l'UPSi'1( :J!l'sOJd (z :ssalUn el
:),3>1 1:I1MSN'V
ON '1HE ([): AUDIO ARTl CLE & MORE EXERCISES
make out \',:h:rhe was so intcrestcd ro knm ....aH
abollt you; bur I st:e ir al1 now. He'll inveM your
sovereign for YOll, Hughie, par you [he imeresr
every six mor.rhs, and have a capita1
30
swry [O
rell mer dinner.'
'1 am an unlueky devil,' growled Hughie.
'The beSt rhing 1can do is [Qgo [O bed; and,
my dear Alan, you musrn'r rdl any one. 1
shouldn'r dar:: sho\\' rn)' faee in lhe RO\\'.'
'Nonsense! Ir refleets rhe highest credir on
yaur philamhropie spirit, Hughie. And dan'r
run away, Ha~'eanmher cigarene, and you can
talk abour Lallf3 as much as you Iike.'
Hawever, Hughie \Vouldn'r Stop, bur walked
hame, fecling very unhappy, and leaving Alan
Trevor in firsaf laughter.
The nexr morning, as he was at breakf.1St, rhe
servant broughr him up a card on which was
writren, 'l\10nsieur Gusravc Naudin. de la paft
de M. le Barcn Hausberg.'
'1 suppose he has come fOf an apology,' said
Hughie [Qhh1Self: and he raid rhe servant 10
show rhe visicor up.
An ald gemleman wirh gald speetades and
grey hair came imo rhe room, and said, in a
slight Freneh aeeem, 'Have I rhe honollr of
<ddressing M:msieur Erskine?'
Hughie bowed.
'1 have come [ram Baran Hausbcrg,' he.:: COI1.
rinued. 'The Baron--'
'1beg, sir, tha, you \ViI IafTer him mI ' sineer-
esr apologies,' stammered Hughie,
'The Baron.' said the old gentleman. \',:ilh a
smile, 'has commissioned me [O bring YOll Ihis
ctter;' ano he extended a sealed envelope.
On rhe ourside was v.;cincn, 'A wedding
presem [O Hugh Erskine and Laura l\1erron,
from an old beggar,' and inside was a cheque
far 10,000.
\X'hen rhey were marricd AJan Tfe\'Or was
[he besrman
31
, and rhe Baron made a spcech at
rhe wedding- breakfasl.
'MiIlionaire mode!s,' remarked AJan. 'are
rare enough; bUl. by love, mode! millionairt:s
are rarer srill!' AE
30 capital: (L1Kold fashion=dJ \'ery good or excclJcnrI
31 bestman: (ll~obest man} (he primar)' aucno,mI 10
t he groom In J . we..J ding r.:crcmony.
Do you have any doubts about English? Don' t worry,
this section iswhat you've been waiting for! J ust drop
us your questions to actualenglish@redusers.com
Readers' QUESTIONS
When I use more than one adjective before a noun, can I put
them in any order? For example, can I say 'the glass oval table'
and 'the oval glass table'? Are these two phrases correct?
This is a very interesting tapie ro discuss
since E S L students of allle'lOls generall'{
ig10re that there are rules to be follow:!d
when using adjectives to describe things.
When several adjectives come befare a
noun (or when nouns are used to modi:y
another noun). they usuall\, have to be out
in a particular arder. For example, we can
saya thin old man, oot an old thin man; a
sma!l shiny brow n leacher suitcase, not a
leather brow n shiny sma/l suitcase.
Unfortunately, the rules for adjective arder
are very complicated, and different
grammars disagree about the details.
However, below you will fmd the most
important rules:
a I Color, origin, material and purpose
Adjective, (or nodifying nouns) of color,
origin, material and purpose usually 90 in
that arder.
bI Other adjeetives
Other adjectives usually go :>efore words of
color, origin, material and purpose. It is
impossible to give exad rules, but adjectives
of shape, size, length and height ohen
come first.
E xamples:
Ihe oval glass lable (nollhe gla55 ovallab'e)
a large, old brick house (nol an olrl, large
br;ek house)
e IJ udgments and attitudes
Adjectives which express judgments or
anitudes usually come befare all others.
E xa'Tlples are lovely, definite, pure, absolute,
extreme, perfecto wondertul and s;lIy.
E xamples:
A lovely, small b';ck house
W hose;s thal wondeful oval gla55 lable?
d I Numbers
Number usually 90 befare adiectives,
Examples:
twa big chickens, the first African PresideN
First, next and last most often ga befare ane,
two three etc.
E xamples:
the fmtwo days ,1our holidays, h;slast
three girlfriends
el (ommas
Befare nouns, we generally use cammas
between adjedives (especially in longer
sentelces) which give similar kinds of
information, fer e~ample in physical
descriptions,
E xamples:
a lov~ly, long, coal, refreshing drink, an
expensive, unfeasible and wasteful project,
color origin material purpose noun
E xamples:
pinK
a brow n
an
French
Germar.
Italian
lealher
glass
dancing
beer
flower
shoes
mug
vase
But commas can be dropped befare short
common adjectives.
E xamples: a lalll,) darkl,) handsome man
61 Where. if anywhere, did Tony attend
college?
A. S eton Hall
B. S yracuse University
21 Name Tony's father.
A. Anthony
S .Mario
C . Giovanni
O.Alfonso
101As the series began. what animal
fascinated Tony?
A C ucks
B. Dogs
C . Bears
D.5oakes
, whacking: [he ac[ of inflieting corporal
punlShmem wi[h ~ated blows 12 siblings:
(fornal) brothen or sisten I 3 thug:
somebody. csprei.llly a crimin41. who is brutal
and violen! 1 4 hunky: (informal) masculine.
wdl-built. and very attractive physica.ll)'
VOC ABULARY _ _ _
111Which of the following was involved
with J anice and managed to stay alive:
A. Richie
B. Ralphie
C . Bobby
D. P aulie Walnuts
'.la6aM <og 'J 'z ~'J .qqog "J 'tI ~ 'V 'O I 'J ifpi,
-fe)5i4.1 'J .6 "W!sncD iJ ,.(aL J l,'MiK,(lao S!4J ~doI SUtD
sWn ~U014~lI 'rJ 'O 'S luell'SlJ O) luawa6elJ eW
ilS~ 'S 'l'1lt'HUO)iSlJ '9 '1!~un e!QwroJ
')'S "J r MJ otpUV "V 'v -"J ~"8 pul' <l,!Ue( 'sJ alS!SQM.!
')' 'u4Of .10'!U\leAO!~') 'z "e!A(1 "0"1 :SH3MSN'rJ
c. (ity C ollege 01 New York
D. He didn't go to college.
121 Although Carmela was mostly a
loyal wife to Tony, she was attracted to
other men - and had one actual affair,
With whom did she have the affair?
A. 1arismatic thlJ g
3
F urio Giunta
B, HJ nky4 decorator Vic Musto
C . (::>01 teacher 80b Wegler
O, S piritual helper F ather P hil
71 What does Tony "offidally" do for a
living?
A. F estaurant owner
B. Vlaste management consultant
C . International sales
D. 5elf-employed businessman
91 'Nhat newspaper is delivered to Tony's
home?
A. Tle New York Times
B.lS A Today
C . The S tar-Ledger
D. Tle New J e r 5 e )' News
81 'Nhat is Christopher's relation to Tony?
A S :epson
B. ~ephew
C . Brother
D. (ousin
A.Artie
B. Big Pussy
C. Bobby
D. Christopher
E. J ackie Sr.
F .. ohnny S ack
G. Ralphie
H. Richie
l. S ilvia
J .Tony S .
31 How many siblings
2
does Tony have7
A. None
B.One .
C . Two
D. Three
41 Tooy has a son ealled A.J . What does
A.l stand for?
A. Anthony J r.
B. Angelo J ohn
C. Austin J ames
D. Andrew J oseph
F AMILY AND HOME L1F E
1 I Namelony Soprano's mother.
A,Maria
B. Isabella
C. (armela
O. Livia
51 Where did Tony's daughter Meadow
attend college?
A. HaIV3rd University
B. S tanford University
C . C olumbia University
D. P rinceton University
1. Adriana
2. Angie
3. (armela
4. C harmaine
5. Gabriel1e
6. Ginny
7. trina
8. J anice
9. Karen
10. Rosalie
HUS BANDS , WIVES
ANDOTHERS
Match the following charaaers with the ones
they married or had intimate relations with.
Note: S orne charaeters in eadl colurnn ma~'
have had more than one.
NEXT ISSUE
{ { { { { { {
I

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