TECH-ED

FOUR STROKE THREE CYLINDER PETROL ENGINE TEST RIG WITH

HYDRAULIC DYNAMOMETER
OBJECTIVE:
To conduct a performance test on four stroke three-cylinder petrol engine. and facility to
conduct morse test.
APPARATUS REQUIRED
Engine test Rig with Loading System, Stop Watch
ENGINE SPECIFICATION:
EN!NE " #$R%T! &''
()* " +, )*
R*# " ,''' R*#
-%EL " *ETR.L
No. .- /0L!N1ERS " T)REE
(.RE " 2&.3 mm
STR.4E LENT) " 5, mm
ST$RT!N " SEL- ST$RT
W.R4!N /0/LE " -.%R STR.4E
#ET).1 .- /..L!N " W$TER /..LE1
#ET).1 .- !N!T!.N " S*$R4 !N!T!.N
OBSERVATIONS:
!ndicated power " !*
(rake power " (*
Specific fuel consumption " S
fc
$ctual 6olume " 7
a

!ndicated thermal efficiency " 8
ith
(rake thermal efficiency " 9
:th
Swept 6olume " 7
s
#echanical efficiency " 8
mech
7olumetric efficiency " 9
6
GRAPHS TO BE DRAWN:
+. 9
:th 7;S
(*

,. Sfc
7;S
(*

<. 9
6 7;S
(*

Multi Cylinder Petrol Engine with Hydraulic Dyn.
+
TECH-ED
DESCRIPTION:
The #$R%T! &'' engine is a four stroke Three cylinder, water-cooled, spark ignition
type petrol engine. =#ake >#aruti-&''cc?.
The working cycle of the engine is completed in @ stroke or , re6.of crank A petrol is
used as fuel. The four stroke are
+. Suction stroke
,. /ompression stroke
<. *ower stroke
@. EBhaust stroke
)ere the engine is mounted on a # S channel frame A is coupled to a
)ydraulic dynamometer. The hydraulic dynamometer used is a 6ane type A ha6ing
,@ 6anes. This can :e loaded :y using two needle 6al6es pro6ided. The water
impinges on the :lades of the dynamometer A which creates pressure inside the
dynamometer so that it opposes the speed of the engine then the engine will :e
loaded.

THERMOCOUPLE DETAILS
T+ C !NLET W$TER TE#*ER$T%RE .- EN!NE D$/4ET.
T, C .%TLET W$TER TE#*ER$T%RE .- EN!NE D$/4ET.
T< C .%TLET W$TER TE#*ER$T%RE -R.# /$L.R!#ETER
T@ C EE)$%ST $S TE#*ER$T%RE -R.# EN!NE
T3 C EE)$%ST $S TE#*ER$T%RE -R.# /$L.R!#ETER
PROCEDURE:
+. /onnect the water source to the inlet of the engine Facket through a
rotameter at desired rate.
,. /onnect the instrumentation power input plug to a ,<'6, 3' )G $/ single
phase $/ supply. Now all the digital meters namely, R*# indicator,
temperature indicator display the respecti6e readings.
<. -ill up the petrol to the fuel tank mounted :ehind the panel.
Multi Cylinder Petrol Engine with Hydraulic Dyn.
,
TECH-ED
@. /heck the lu:ricating oil le6el in the oil sump with the dipstick pro6ided.
3. Start the engine with the help of starter switch pro6ided on the panel.
2. $llow the engine to sta:iliGe rated speed ie, ,'''R*#.
5. Now open the dynamometer inlet gate 6al6e and gradually load the engine
through the hydraulic dynamometer. The load is indicated on a dial type
spring :alance in terms of kg
&. Note down all the reHuired parameters mentioned :elow.
a. Speed of the engine from digital R*# indicator
:. Load from the spring :alance
c. -uel consumption from :urette.
d. #anometer reading.
e. 1ifferent temperatures from Temperature indicator.
I. Load the engine step :y step for different loads such as J, K L A full load.
MORSE TEST:
#orse test is conducted to find out !* of the engine. !t can :e conducted :y following
procedure.
+. Run the engine at ,''' R*# A load it to +, kg. #orse test can :e conducted :y
disconnecting the power of the indi6idual cylinder one :y one with the use of knife
switches pro6ided on the panel.
,. /ut off one cylinder, then the engine speed will drop. (ring :ack the speed of the
engine to ,''' R*# :y reducing the load and measure the power de6eloped.
<. Repeat the a:o6e procedure :y cutting off cylinders , A <.=$t a time only one cylinder
should :e cut off.?
@. /alculate the (* with < cylinders at ,'''R*#.
/alculate (* at ,''' R*# with one cylinder cut off =with remaining two cylinders
on.?The difference will gi6e !* of one cylinder ie, cut off cylinder.
Similarly, calculate the !* of the remaining two cylinders. Then the total !* of the engine
can :e calculated :y adding the !* of the indi6idual cylinder.
3. To find out -* of the engine, deduct total (* from total !*.
Multi Cylinder Petrol Engine with Hydraulic Dyn.
<
TECH-ED
PERFORMANCE TEST:
1. BRAKE POWER
BP= W N kW
2


Where, N C R*# of the engine
WC Load from the digital indicator in kg.
/C constantC,'''
2! MASS OF FUEL CONSUMED.
# f cC E B '.5, B <2'' M..4g; hr
+''' B T
Where, E C :urette reading in cc
'.5, C density of petrol in gram ; cc
T C time taken in seconds.
<. SPECIFIC FUEL CONSUMPTION!
Sfc C mfcMMM..kg;kW hr
(*
@. ACTUAL VOLUME OF AIR SUCKED IN TO THE CYLINDER!

7a C /d E $ " ,g) E <2'' MM..m
<
;hr

Where,) C h E Nw MMMmeter of air.
Multi Cylinder Petrol Engine with Hydraulic Dyn.
@
TECH-ED
+''' Na
$ C area of orifice C O d
,
;@
.rifice diameter is ,' mm
h C manometer reading in mm
Nw C density of water C+''' kg;m
<
Na C density of air C+.+I< kg; m
<
/d C co-efficient of discharge C '.2,

#! SWEPT VOLUME
7s C = O d
,
E L E N E 2'? B <
@ ,
Where, d C dia of :ore C 2&.3 mm
L C length of stroke C 5, mm
N C Speed of the engine in R*#.

$! VOLUMETRIC EFFICIENCY
9
6
C 7
$
E +'' MMM. P
7
S


%! BRAKE THERMAL OR OVER ALL EFFICIENCY

9
:th
C (* E <2'' E +'' MMM.P
mfc E c6

Where , c6 C calorific 6alue of petrol C @<3'' kD ; kg.
(* C (rake *ower in kW
&! MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY:

8
mech
=(* B +'' MMMMP
!*

where, (* C (rake *ower in kW
!* C !ndicated power in kW
Multi Cylinder Petrol Engine with Hydraulic Dyn.
3
TECH-ED
TABULAR COLUMN:
sl.no W N h+ h, t T+ T, T< T@ T3 Rt+ Rt,

MORSE TEST:
Running
/ylinder nos.
/ut-off
cylinder no.
Load in
kg
R*# (* of running
cylinder
!* of cut-off
cylinder
, A < +
+ A < ,
+A , <

Therefore, !*
+
C (*
=total?
> (*
, A <
!*
,
C (*
=total?
> (*
+A <
!*
<
C (*
=total?
> (*
+A ,
Multi Cylinder Petrol Engine with Hydraulic Dyn.
2
TECH-ED
Therefore, !*
=total?
C

!*
+
Q

!*
,
Q !*
<
Therefore -rictional power, -* C !* =total? - (* =total?
HEAT BALANCE SHEET '() *+),-. /01+12
$. )eat input C mfc E /7 MM..4D ; min.
2'
(. )eat eHui6alent to (* C (* E 2'MMM 4D ; min
/. )eat carried away :y cooling water =engine Facket?
C m
W
E cp
W
=T, > T+? MM. 4D ; min
where, mw C mass of water C 6w+ E Nw E 2' E +'
-2
6w+ C 6olume of water flow in to engine Facket through
rotameter Rt+
cp
W
C @.+& kF ; kg 4
1. )eat carried away :y eBhaust gas
C=T@ > Ta? B mw B cp
W
B =T< > T+? MM. 4D ; min
=T@ - T3?
where, mw C mass of water C 6w, E Nw E 2' E +'
-2
6w, C 6olume of water flow in to engine Facket through
rotameter Rt,
cp
W
C @.+& kF ; kg 4
E. %naccounted )eat C $ > =( Q / Q 1?MMMM.4D ; min
Multi Cylinder Petrol Engine with Hydraulic Dyn.
5
TECH-ED

Therefore,
)eat :alance is +'' P C +'' P
Multi Cylinder Petrol Engine with Hydraulic Dyn.
&