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Uthaisangsuk2013-AHS Steels For Automotive Parts
Uthaisangsuk2013-AHS Steels For Automotive Parts
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Source: Pitsch, W.; Sauthoff, G.; Hougardy, H.P. in:
Werkstoffkunde Stahl, Band 1: Grundlagen, Verein
Deutscher Eisenhttenleute, Springer-Verlag 1985
59
Transformation-Temperature-Time (TTT) diagram
60
Austenite
61
Bainite Ferrite - Martensite
62
Polymorphism of iron
63
Mechanical properties of different phases in steels
Phase Re , MPa Rm, MPa A, % Hardening, HV
Interstitial free condition
(Ferrite)
100-150 280 50 -
Ferrite (unalloyed)
Ferrite (0,7% Ni, 0,6% Cr)
Ferrite (13% Cr)
220
330
300
300
550
500
45
35
18
-
about 180
-
Pearlite 900 1000 10 -
Cementite 3000 - - -
Bainite ( 0,1% C) 400-800 550-1200 25 about 320
Martensite ( 0,1% C)
Martensite ( 0,4% C)
800
2400
1200
-
5
-
about 380
-
Austenite (18% Cr, 8% Ni) 300 600 40 -
Phase Re , MPa Rm, MPa A, % Hardening, HV
Interstitial free condition
(Ferrite)
100-150 280 50 -
Ferrite (unalloyed)
Ferrite (0,7% Ni, 0,6% Cr)
Ferrite (13% Cr)
220
330
300
300
550
500
45
35
18
-
about 180
-
Pearlite 900 1000 10 -
Cementite 3000 - - -
Bainite ( 0,1% C) 400-800 550-1200 25 about 320
Martensite ( 0,1% C)
Martensite ( 0,4% C)
800
2400
1200
-
5
-
about 380
-
Austenite (18% Cr, 8% Ni) 300 600 40 -
64
Homogeneity of grain structure - properties
65
Characteristics of AHSS
66
Microstructures of modern multiphase steels
Higher strength
67
Microstructures vs mechanical properties of modern multi-phase steels
Tensile strength in MPa
200 400 600 800 1200 1400 1600
0
10
20
30
40
50
s
t
r
a
i
n
i
n
%
perlite retained austenite
bainite martensite
TRIP TRIP
MS MS
1000
CP CP
DP DP
F+P
ferrite
68
Adjustment of multiphase structures of hot-rolled strip
69
Multiphase steels
70
Characteristics of Dual Phase (DP) steels
71
Dual Phase steels: materials concept
72
Multiphase steels
73
Characteristics of TRIP steels
74
TRIP steels: TRansformation Induced Plasticity
75
TRIP steels: The TRIP-effect
Strain
S
t
r
e
s
s
76
Multiphase steels
77
Characteristics of complex phase steels
78
Complex phase steels: materials concept
79
Stress-strain behavior of automotive steels
80
Outline
Automotive evolution
Car body structures
Automotive steels
Mild steels
High strength steels
Multiphase steels
Press hardened steels
81
Direct - indirect press hardening
82
Properties of press-hardened steel sheet
83
Temperature gradient during press hardening
84
Protection of blank surface
85
Demands on the surface coating
86
Changing of surface and microstructure
87
Trend of hot forming of steel
88
Hot stamping
89
Hot stamped of tailored blanks
90
Innovation Tailored Tempering
91
Press-hardened B-pillar
92
Body of Audi A4
93
Press-hardened parts in VW Passat
94
Example of a press-hardening plant
95
Heating of the blank
96
Blank B-Pillar after heating just before hot stamping
97
Hot stamping
98
Application of advanced high strength steels
99
Trend of advanced high strength steels
Japan
World
100
References
- Jody N. Hall, Evolution of advanced high strength steels in automotive
applications, General Motors Company, Chair, Joint Policy Council,
Auto/Steel Partnership, 2011.
- Wagner S., Schmid P., Forming of high strength steel sheet, IFU,
Stuttgart, 2012.
- Smith, W.F. and Hashemi, J., Foundation of metarials science and
engineering, 5th edition, McGraw-Hill, ISBN 978-007-131114-4.
- Bleck, W., Material Science of Steel, RWTH Aachen University, 2007,
ISBN: 3-86130-923-8.
101
Thank You
Thank You
102