Physics 7C

Sections A, B, C & D
Professor Lawrence B. Coleman
1
Lecture 8 - The Magnetic Field & Electromagnetic Waves
Physics 7C Spring 2014 - Lecture 8
Quote of the Week:
what light through yonder window breaks?
Wm. Shakespeare, Romeo and Juliet Act 2, scene 2
! Check Rubric Grades
! Last Call TODAY for Quiz 1
reconsiderations.
! Quiz #4 today 8:20AM & 9AM
! Memorial Day holiday effects on DL
meetings check calendar and with
your TA.

Physics 7C Spring 2014 - Lecture 8 2
Announcements
! Final Exam is Thursday June 12th 6PM - 8PM
! No early, late or otherwise different exams
! Practice Problems and Questions to Ponder to be
posted
! TAs Office Hours & Reviews Sessions TBA
Physics 7C Spring 2014 - Lecture 8 3
Announcements-Final Exam
! Lecture 9 (next week) is last official
lecture.
! Lecture 10, on Thursday June 5
th
will
be a special presentation from 8AM till
10:20AM of the applications of Physics
7 (A, B & C) in biology and the real
world. Not officially on the final, but
of course it is physics. Come if you
like.
Physics 7C Spring 2014 - Lecture 8 4
Announcements
Physics 7C Spring 2014 - Lecture 8 5
Putting Magnetic Fields to Use

! Magnetic Fields are created by iron
and other elemental metals and
compounds.
! In addition, magnetic fields are also
created by electric currents!
Physics 7C Spring 2014 - Lecture 8 6
The Magnetic Field

Physics 7C Spring 2014 - Lecture 8 7
The Magnetic Field

Physics 7C Spring 2014 - Lecture 8 8
The Magnetic Field

! Strength of field drops off as 1/r
Physics 7C Spring 2014 - Lecture 8 9
Magnetic Fields From
Current in Wire
B(r) =

o
I
2!r

o
= 4! "10
#7
T m/ A
Physics 7C Spring 2014 - Lecture 8 10
Magnetic Field - Loop
Physics 7C Spring 2014 - Lecture 8 11
Magnetic Field- Many Loops
a.k.a. Solenoid
Magnitude of field in
center ~ I, N & 1/R
! Lots of loops
! Lots of current
! MRI Magnet
! Superconducting wire
! 8000 loops
! 100 amps
! 1 Telsa = 2 x 10
4

earths field
Physics 7C Spring 2014 - Lecture 8 12
Electromagnet
! Electric currents create magnetic
fields.
! What does a magnetic field do to an
electric current??
! Lets start with what a magnetic field
does to a charge.
Physics 7C Spring 2014 - Lecture 8 13
Magnetism & Electricity
! If the charge is stationary

Physics 7C Spring 2014 - Lecture 8 14
Magnetism & Electricity
! If the charge is moving parallel to
the B field.

Physics 7C Spring 2014 - Lecture 8 15
Magnetism & Electricity
! If the charge is moving
perpendicular to the B field.
Physics 7C Spring 2014 - Lecture 8 16
Magnetism & Electricity
Lorentz Force
! If the charge is moving
perpendicular to the B field.
Physics 7C Spring 2014 - Lecture 8 17
Magnetism & Electricity
Lorentz Force

F
Lorentz
= q i v i Bi sin!
! Three ways, pick the one that works
the best for YOU.
Physics 7C Spring 2014 - Lecture 8 18
Which Way is Force
! Three ways, pick the one that works the
best for YOU.
! The DL TA method -- Very Bad Finger
Physics 7C Spring 2014 - Lecture 8 19
Right Hand Rule for Lorentz Force
! The Flat Palm method
Physics 7C Spring 2014 - Lecture 8 20
Right Hand Rule for Lorentz Force
! The curl method: F= qv x B
Physics 7C Spring 2014 - Lecture 8 21
Right Hand Rule for Lorentz Force
! What happens if the charge is
negative?
! Just flip the force, 180
Physics 7C Spring 2014 - Lecture 8 22
Right Hand Rule for Lorentz Force
Physics 7C Spring 2014 - Lecture 8 23
Magnetic Force on a Moving Charge
Special Case when v normal to B
! What about the charges moving in a
wire.
! They create a magnetic field, but
what if the wire is in a magnetic
field?
! Look at two parallel wires that carry
current. Look at one creating the B-
field and the force that field puts on
the moving charges of the other.
Physics 7C Spring 2014 - Lecture 8 24
Magnetic Force on a Moving Charge
Physics 7C Spring 2014 - Lecture 8 25
Magnetic Force on a Moving Charge