Preparation of Papers for the International Conference on Pipeline and

Trenchless Technology
1 line
Baosong Ma
1
, Kart Ramalingam
2
and Yaozu Kong
3

1 line
1 Professor, Engineering Faculty, Cina !ni"ersity of #eosciences$ %o&3'', (umo
Road, )uan *3++,*$ -el

+2,.////

Fa0

+2,.///

Email

2 Pro1ect Manager, 2e3artment of Ci"il Engineering, City College of %e4 Yor5, %Y

1++31$ -el6//////$ Fa06///// $ Email6
3 Master$ Engineering Faculty, Cina !ni"ersity of #eosciences$ %o&3'', (umo
Road, )uan *3++,*$ Email6 5ongyaozu7torcless&cn$ 13',18+9**8

Fa0

+2,.
:,'*9,+1
1 line
ABSTRACT
1 line
-o 3re"ent te 3ro;lems from occurring in te 3reeating installation of directly
;uried eating 3i3es 4it large diameter, ig tem3erature and 3ressure, te 3resent
3a3er analyses constraints of te least.cost for 3reeating installation of large.
diameter directly ;uried 3i3es ;y a33lying te nonlinear 3rogramming teory and
esta;lising te o;1ecti"e function 4it te aim of 3ursuing te 3reeating
installation<s least.cost

1 line
KEYWORDS
1 line
2irectly Buried Pi3es$ Preeating =nstallation$ Preeating -em3erature$ Pi3e )all
-ic5ness
1 line
ITROD!CTIO
1 line
More and more directly ;uried eating 3i3es ado3t electrical 3reeating installation
>?non, 199+$ =&C&M@(( er&, 199+$ Aensen, 199+$ (i et al&, 2++:$ Yang et al&, 2++:$
Bou C )ang, 2++: and Yang et al&, 2++,D, es3ecially 3i3es 4it large diameter,
ig tem3erature and 3ressure in ot 4ater eating system&

Eecond, 3reeating
tem3erature is unrelated to te 3ressure of system and 3i3e 4all tic5ness >Fe
C)ang, 199' and CAA.-'1.9', 1999D& -ird, te 3reeating tem3erature is "ery ig,
4ic causes Guite ig cooling tensile stress,

com3ensator damaged and

destroyed as a33ened sometimes 4itin te 3rocess of cold demonstration
o3eration >Beng et al&, 2++: and Eang C Ei, 2++,D& Finally, cooling tensile stress
is calculated 4itout considering te effect of additional stress suc as te "ertical
and orizontal ;ending stress generated in construction soil >#B8+281.2++3, 2++3
and #B8+283.2++3, 2++,D&

COSTRAITS O" T#E OPTI$I%ATIO "!CTIO

1 line
Preheating te&perat're( -e u33er limit of 3reeating tem3erature

2 2 2 y
H E>- .- D
t

1(ine
Medium pipe wall thickness. -e tic5ness of te 3i3e sould meet te ;asic
reGuirement of enduring 3ressure and radial sta;ility of large.diameter 3i3e

oter
calculation results can ;e seen in -a;le 1, calculation results of sa"ing steel can ;e
seen in -a;le 2&
1(ine
Ta)le *( The Theoretical Wall Thic+ness and Preheating Te&perat're Range
'nder Different Press'res
%ominal
2iameter
2esign Pressure
2&8MPa
2esign Pressure
1&:MPa
2esign Pressure 1&+Pa
1I mm 2I

1I mm 2I

1I mm 2I

2%:++ , '1&'

*1&9 8&8 '*&2

:3&: 8 ',&:

:'&2
2%,++
2%'++
2%9++
2%1+++
2%12++
2%1*++
1(ine
-e ma0imum sear stress at slo3e toe and te ma0imum tensile stress around te
o3erating 3it after construction under different scemes are so4n in -a;le 3, and
teir canging cur"es are so4n in Fig& 2

1(ine
"ig're ,( $a-i&'& shear and tensile stresses .+Pa/ 'nder different sche&es
1(ine
COC0!SIO
From o3timized results 4e can see tat,

RE"ERECES
?non& >199+D& Electric Preeating, a %e4 Metod for (aying Pre.=nsulated 2istrict
Feating Pi3es& ABB Review, n1, 33.3'&
Cao, )&F&, C #uo, B& >2++8D& Optimization technical method and the realization of
MATLAB >*t ed&D. Bei1ing6 Cemical =ndustry Press&
Cen, J&Y&, )ang, J&-& and Eao, K& >2++3D& ?nalysis of (ocal Eta;ility of 2irectly
Buried Feating Pi3eline& District Heating, May, 1,.21&
B!"#!$%#""$& Design code of Oil 'ipeline (ngineering. >2++,D& Cina Plans to
Press, Aul&
Yang, C&#&, C ?llouce, E& >2++9D& E"aluation of non.destructi"e metods for
condition assessment of cul"erts and teir em;edment& 'roceedings of the
)nternational *onference on 'ipelines and Trenchless Technolog+ #"", >P& 2'D&
Reston, L?6 ?ECE&