h

t
t
p
:
/
/
q
p
a
p
e
r
.
w
b
u
t
.
a
c
.
i
n

4505 (O) [ Turn over
Name :
Roll No. : ....
Invigilators Signature : ..
CS/B.Tech (ME/PE/PWE-OLD)/SEM-4/ME-405/2013
2013
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Time Allotted : 3 Hours Full Marks : 70

The figures in the margin indicate full marks.
Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words
as far as practicable.
GROUP A
( Multiple Choice Type Questions )
1. Choose the correct alternatives for any ten of the
following : 10 ! 1 = 10
i) The cementite is
a) a solid solution of 667% carbon in iron matrix
b) a solid solution of 667% iron in graphite matrix
c) an intermetallic compound, having composition of
667% C and 9333% Fe
d) A mixture of 13% pearlite and 87% ferrite.
ii) Slow elastic deformation of metals under a constant
stress is known as
a) Fatigue b) Stress relaxation
c) Creep d) Endurance failure.
h
t
t
p
:
/
/
q
p
a
p
e
r
.
w
b
u
t
.
a
c
.
i
n
CS/B.Tech (ME/PE/PWE-OLD)/SEM-4/ME-405/2013
4505 (O) 2
iii) Which of the following properties is imparted to a
medium carbon steel after tempering ?
a) Softness b) Hardness
c) Internal stress d) Toughness.
iv) Vanadium is added to steel mainly to increase its
a) Fatigue resistance b) Corrosion resistance
c) Hardenability d) Toughness.
v) Only fine pearlite is obtained when steel is
a) quenched in oil
b) cooled in still air
c) slowly cooled in furnace
d) quenched in water.
vi) Fine grains of austenite
a) increases hardenability of steel
b) decreases hardenability of steel
c) initially increases but later decreases hardenability
of steel
d) has no effect on hardenability.
vii) Coordination no. of an HCP crystal is
a) 4 b) 6
c) 8 d) 12.
viii) In Fe/C alloy, carbon content in ledeburite is
a) 085% b) 17%
c) 43% d) 667%.
h
t
t
p
:
/
/
q
p
a
p
e
r
.
w
b
u
t
.
a
c
.
i
n
CS/B.Tech (ME/PE/PWE-OLD)/SEM-4/ME-405/2013
4505 (O) 3 [ Turn over
ix) If a is the lattice parameter of a BCC crystal, the
distance between two nearest neighbours is
a)

!
3
2
a b) 2a
c)

!
2
3
a d)

!
3 a.
x) In a crystal the phenomenon cross slip occurs in
a) edge dislocation
b) screw dislocation
c) both edge and screw dislocations
d) mechanical deformation.
xi) Temper brittleness arises due to
a) transformation of austenite to martensite
b) transformation of austenite to pearlite
c) formation of alloy carbides
d) dissociation of martensite to cementite.
xii) During austenite to martensite transformation
a) Redistribution of carbon in iron matrix takes place
b) Cementite breaks and new compound is formed
c) Carbon content of steel decreases
d) Realignment of lattice atoms takes place to form
new crystal.
h
t
t
p
:
/
/
q
p
a
p
e
r
.
w
b
u
t
.
a
c
.
i
n
CS/B.Tech (ME/PE/PWE-OLD)/SEM-4/ME-405/2013
4505 (O) 4
GROUP B
( Short Answer Type Questions )
Answer any three of the following. 3 ! 5 = 15
2. Define cast iron and graphitisation. Grey cast iron is soft
but white cast iron is hard. Explain.

!
1
1
2
+

!
1
1
2
+ 2
3. Explain the following terms :
a) Hypoeutectoid alloy
b) Hypereutectoid alloy
in Fe/C system. Draw the microstructure of each alloy.


!
2
1
2
+

!
2
1
2

4. Explain why Pb/Sn alloy is used as soldering alloy.
5. State one composition of HSS, its characteristic features and
uses.
6. What is carburisation ? Give one example of solid carburiser.
Explain why carburisation of a steel specimen is performed
at austenitic temperature range. 2 + 1 + 2
7. State the differences between annealing and normalizing
processes.
h
t
t
p
:
/
/
q
p
a
p
e
r
.
w
b
u
t
.
a
c
.
i
n
CS/B.Tech (ME/PE/PWE-OLD)/SEM-4/ME-405/2013
4505 (O) 5 [ Turn over
GROUP C
( Long Answer Type Questions )
Answer any three of the following. 3 ! 15 = 45
8. a) Define ductile-brittle transition temperature. Explain
the factors influencing ductile-brittle transition
temperature. 2 + 4
b) State how yield strength of a metal is related with grain
diameter of that crystal explaining the terms. The yield
strength of a metal increases from 120 MPa to 220 MPa
on decreasing grain diameter from 004 mm to
001 mm. Find the yield stress for a grain size of
00179 mm. 3 + 6
9. a) In case of solidification of pure metal explain the
following terms :
i) Critical radius
ii) Homogeneous nucleation. 2 + 2
b) Given :

!
" g = "h
" T
T
m
, where, " g = free energy per unit
volume released during solid-liquid transformation,
" h = enthalpy of fusion per unit volume, " T = degree of
supercooling and

!
T
m
= melting point of metal.
Prove that :


!
r
!
= "
2#
$ g
and hence establish the following
relationship :

!
" G
!
=
16 #$
3
3 "g
2

where,
!
" G
!
= total free energy change required to
form critical nucleus
# = surface energy required to form new
solid surface

!
r
!
= critical radius. 3 + 3
h
t
t
p
:
/
/
q
p
a
p
e
r
.
w
b
u
t
.
a
c
.
i
n
CS/B.Tech (ME/PE/PWE-OLD)/SEM-4/ME-405/2013
4505 (O) 6
c) Calculate the critical radius of a homogeneous nucleus
that forms when pure liquid copper solidifies with a
degree of supercooling 2 C. Melting point of copper is
1083 C. Surface energy is 177 ! 10
!
" 3
J/m
!
2
and latent
heat of fusion is 1826 ! 10
!
6
J/m
!
3
. 5
10. a) Mention only different methods of producing metal
powders. Explain why sintering is a necessary step in
powder metallurgy processing method. 3 + 3
b) Briefly discuss about the advantages and limitations of
powder metallurgy processing method. 3 + 3
c) State some applications of powder metallurgy method. 3
11. a) State the differences between ferrite and austenite. 5
b) Explain ferrite stabilizer and austenite stabilizer with
examples. 3 + 3
c) A plain carbon steel, having composition 035% C, is
allowed to cool from 1000 C to 100 C. Calculate the
amount of ferrite and cementite in the microstructure. 4
h
t
t
p
:
/
/
q
p
a
p
e
r
.
w
b
u
t
.
a
c
.
i
n
CS/B.Tech (ME/PE/PWE-OLD)/SEM-4/ME-405/2013
4505 (O) 7 [ Turn over
12. a) With the help of TTT-diagram explain how austenite can
be transformed to martensite. 4
b) Explain why hardness of Fe/C alloy increases with
increase in martensite content. 3
c) Explain the effect of alloying elements ( Cr, Mn, Ti, Co )
and carbon content on

!
M
S
temperature of a plain
carbon steel. 5
d) Discuss the microstructural change occurring during
tempering operation. 3
13. Write short notes on any three of the following : 3 ! 5
a) Precipitation hardening
b) Griffith equation of brittle fracture
c) Ferromagnetism
d) CCT-diagram
e) Weld decay
f) Recrystallization temperature.