Evaluation of Herbal Medicinal Products

Part 1 Overview of various types of traditional medicine 1

1 The worldwide phenomenon of increased use of herbal products:
opportunities and threats 3
2 Developing herbal medicinal products with quality, safety and efficacy:
from field to bedside, with particular reference to the situation in India 13
3 Natural remedies from Turkey: perspectives of safety and efficacy 28
4 Traditional Chinese medicines: the challenge of acceptance by
Western medicine 42
5 Traditional Chinese medicines: evaluation of botanical extracts and
dietary supplements 62
6 Synergy and polyvalence: paradigms to explain the activity of herbal products 85
7 From clinical evidence to mechanism of action: the development of
standardised phytomedicines 95
Part 2 Pharmacological evaluation for some therapeutic areas 105
8 Herbal medicines for functional gastrointestinal disorders: study
methods for quality, safety and efficacy 107
9 Therapy and prevention of hepatocellular carcinoma using herbal drugs 122
Contents
10 Testing of herbal products used to treat infections 133
11 Natural products research in Helicobacter pylori infections 149
12 Evaluation of the efficacy of herbal medicinal products used to treat
cardiovascular diseases 160
13 Herbal medicinal products as antiangiogenic agents: perspectives
and evaluation 174
14 Herbs affecting the central nervous system 187
15 Herbs used to treat respiratory conditions other than infections 203
16 Immunomodulatory herbal medicinal products: establishing standards
and activity, with particular reference to herbs used in Ayurveda 215
17 Tests on Indian and Peruvian medicinal plants used for wound healing 228
18 Evidence of the efficacy of herbal medicinal products used for conditions
associated with inflammation 243
19 Tests for antioxidant activity and their relevance to herbal medicinal products 261
20 Herbal medicinal products affecting memory and cognitive disorders 282
21 Evaluation of herbal medicinal products against herpes virus diseases 295
22 Herbal medicinal products for tinnitus: perspectives and evaluation 314
23 Traditional herbs for healthcare turmeric: a case history 322
24 Safety and efficacy of Hachimi-jio-gan: a Chinese preparation to
counteract oxidative damage 340
Part 3 Product development 357
25 Essential oils in the treatment of skin diseases: aspects of efficacy
and toxicology 359
26 Shelf-life of herbal remedies: challenges and approaches 369
vi | Contents
Part 4 Evaluation of quality and safety 381
27 Authentication and quality assessment of botanicals and botanical
products used in clinical research 383
28 Quality control of Chinese herbal drugs 393
29 Clinical trials as signposts to efficacy 426
30 Toxicological evaluation of herbal medicines: approaches and perspectives 444
31 Safety evaluation of herbal medicines 457
Index 479