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A Summary of Islamic Jurisprudence
Notes by IOU Student

 Fasting

is obligatory in Ramadan with no

legal excuses.
When there are legal excuses to fast in
Ramadan, the unperformed fasts can be
made up on other days.
When one can neither fast nor make up for
it, Allah relieves them from fast as they then
need to feed a poor person for each
unperformed fasting day instead.

 Allah

does not charge a soul except [with

that within] its capacity. (Quran Verse 2:286)
Allah also says:
And upon those who are able [to fast, but
with hardship] a ransom [as substitute] of
feeding a poor person [each day] (Quran Verse 2:184

Ibn Abbas said: The verse refers to the old

men and women who are too old to
fast (Al Bukharee)
Same ruling applies to the sick people.

Travelers
Sick people whose recovery is expected
Pregnant women

Breast-feeding

women

Whose fasting might harm them or their babies

Postal natal bleeding women

Menstruating women

IT IS OBLIGATORY IN ALL THESE CASES TO

MAKE UP FOR THE UNPERFORMED FASTING
DAYS.
..And whoever is ill or on a journey then
an equal number of other days.. (2: 185)

 For

menstruating women or women in the

state of postnatal bleeding

its PROHIBITED Fasting is not valid if

they do.

For

the women who break their fast due to

fear for their children they must feed for
each unperformed day of fasting; as an
expiation + she is obligated to make up for
unperformed fasts afterwards.

 Ibnul

Qayyim said: there are four reasons

1.Travel
2. Illness
3. Menstrating Women
4.Fearing to harm that fasting may cases in
some cases eg; pregnancy and breast feeding
women,
Same applies to the fast to save a drowning
person.

For obligatory fast, of Ramadan, expiatory

fasting, fasting for breaking a vow, one should
make the intention from the previous night to
observe fast.
Same day intention is accepted for nafil fasts as the Prophet
pbuh would fast if there was no food at home. But one should
not have done anything that breaks the fast before intending
the nafil fast.

What is intention?
It is the determination to perform the fast during
the Ramadan or to make up the unperformed
fasts.
Prophet pbuh hadith states: Indeed (the
correctness and rewards of) deeds depends upon
intentions, and every person does get (the
reward of) what he has intended.

 Jazakallahu

Khairun for completing all the

short notes on Fiqh of Ramadan
from the Islamic Online University refering
from the book A summary of Islamic
Jurisprudence by Dr. Salih Al Fawzan

The Prophet pbuh Says:

If Allah wants to do good for a person, He

makes him understand the religion.