GHEP KENH ONG BO SDH

CON TR PIONTER
CHC NNG CA CON TR
ong bo hoa cac luong va cac khung cap cao hn: tn
hieu luong truyen cung pha vi khung ma no c ghep
trong o.
Cha thng tin v tr byte au tien cua VC (byte au tien
cua POH)
S thay oi pha hay toc o bit co the c bu thong qua
hieu chnh gia tr cua con tro cung vi hieu chnh +/-/0
luan phien tng byte
Co the truy suat vao VC cap cao hn ngay sau khi xac
nh AU-PTR
Cho phep ghep xen/re 1 luong tn hieu bat ky ma khong
phai phan kenh hoan toan nh PDH
CC LOI CON TR
Co ba loai con tro:
Con tro cua AU-x (x=3,4)
+ ong bo pha va tan so cua VC-x vi khung AU-x
+ Neu ghep 1140Mbit/s: 1 con tro AU-4
+ Neu ghep 334Mbit/s: 3 con tro AU-3
Con tro cua TU-3
Con tro cua TU-1x/TU-2
+ ong bo pha va tan so cua VC-1x/VC-2 vi
khung cap cao hn (VC-3 hay VC-4)
CHUN GHP KNH SDH (tt)
CU TRC KHUNG STM-1
SOH
SOH
PTR
PAYLOAD
9 byte 261 byte
3
5
1
270 byte
0
125 s
SOH: Section Overhead PTR: Pointer
QU TRNH GHP CC LUNG
NHNH PDH VO KHUNG STM-1
GHP LUNG E4 VO STM-1: AU-4
AU-4 = VC-4 +PTR_AU-4 di thi gian: 125s.
261 byte
J1
B3
C2
G1
F2
H4
F3
K3
N1
H1 Y Y H2 11 H3 H3 H3
9 byte
270 byte
PTR_AU-4
CON TRO (POINTER)
S o a ch con tro:
Payload: 261 cot 9 hang 2349 byte
3 byte tao thanh 1 nhom
783 nhom: 0-782
a ch xac nh iem bat au cua VC-4
CON TRO (POINTER)
522 523 608
609 610 695
696 697 782
0 1 86
87 88
521
SOH
AU-4 PTR
SOH
522 523 608
609 610 695
696 697 782
0 1 86
87 88
521
SOH
AU-4 PTR
SOH
125 s
270
9 261
9
Offset numbering of AU-4
VD: Xc nh gi tr con tr AU4?
J1
B3
C2
G1
F2
H4
SOH
AU-4 PTR
SOH
Z3
Z4
Z5
J1
B3
521
SOH
AU-4 PTR
SOH
125 s
270
9 261
9
CON TRO (POINTER)
Cau truc con tro AU-4

SOH




SOH


P
O
H



STM-1
VC-4
1 AU-4 pointer
Pointer value range: 0-782 decimal.
Pointer value in bits 7-16 of H1 and H2
H1 Y Y H2 1 1 H3 H3 H3
Y : 1 0 0 1 S S 1 1
1 : 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

N N N N S S I D I D I D I D I D

H1 H2 H3
10 bit pointer value
Negative justification
opputinity
NNNN (new data flag): C d lieu mi
Thong bao cho may thu biet gia tr cua pointer a
thay oi (co hieu chnh)
Gia tr pointer mi se c chap nhan neu c phat
hien trong 3 khung ke lien tiep
NNNN = 1001: active status
NNNN = 0110: passive status
SS: xac nh loai AU-4
SS = 01: AU-4

N N N N S S I D I D I D I D I D

H1 H2 H3
10 bit pointer value
Negative justification
opputinity
Gia tr con tro (a ch POH cua container):
10 bit: bit 7,8 (H1) + 8 bit (H2)
0-782 (decimal)
D/ I : decrement / Increment bit
Bit phuc vu hieu chnh (justification service
digits): 5 bit I hoac 5 bit D se ao dau khi xay ra
chen
Hieu chnh dng: ao dau 5 bit I
Hieu chnh am: ao dau 5 bit D
Gia tr pointer c truyen toi thieu trong 3 khung ke
tiep
HOT NG CON TR:
VC chay cung toc o vi STM-1
Gia tr pointer khong thay oi khi ong bo
Xay ra khi tan so xung clock cua cac thiet b giong
nhau
V du: VC4-POH bat au v tr th trong Payload,
gia tr cua pointer se c xac nh nh sau:
0110 01 0000000010
CON TRO (POINTER)
VC chay cham hn toc o cua STM-1
Hieu chnh dng (positive justification)
Gia tr cua pointer tang len
Kch thc d lieu trong payload giam, phu thuoc vao
o chenh lech gia hai ong ho
Nguyen tac thc hien
+ Qua trnh chen xay ra cach 4 khung 1 lan
+ Chen bit (bit stuffing) xay ra tai v tr pointer ZERO
va cac byte lien quan
+ Chen bit xay ra trc khi pointer thay oi gia tr
+ 5 bit I trong pointer bi ao dau trc khi chen bit e
xac nh bit chen (stuffed bit) tai v tr ZERO
CON TRO (POINTER)
Qua trnh chen dng co the c minh hoa
nh trong bang sau. Gi s iem bat au cua
VC4-POH ti pionter 0.
Pointer H1 H2
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Frame 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Frame 2 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Frame 3 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0
Frame 4 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
CON TRO (POINTER)
VC chay nhanh hn toc o cua STM-1:
Hieu chnh am (negative justification)
Gia tr cua pointer tang len
Ngyen tac chen am:
+ Qua trnh chen xay ra cach 4 khung 1 lan
+ S dung 3 byte H3 e cha thong tin
+ Chen bit xay ra trc khi pointer thay oi gia tr
+ 5 bit D trong pointer bi ao dau trc khi chen bit
e xac nh bit thong tin cha trong byte H3
X l con tr bn thu