CASE DOCTRINES LIST

1. Quatar v. Bahrain, ICJ 1994

2. Air Franc v. Sa!", 4#$ %S 9&2
&. %nit' (in)'*+ v. Ic,an' -Fi"hri" Juri"'icti*n.
4. Na+i/ia Ca", ICJ RE0 19#1 11
2. 3un)ar4 v. S,*va!ia -Danu/ Da+.
1. E'4 v. R*/rt"*n -3a' 5*n4.
#. 6hitn4 v. R*/rt"*n, 124 %S 19$
7. 8rat Britain v. C*"ta Rica -Th Tin*c* Ar/itrati*n.
9. %9ri)ht v. 5rcur4 Bu"in"" 5achin" C*.
1$. Th I",an' *: 0a,+a"
11. Franc v. Tur!4 -Th L*tu" Ca".
12. %S v. Cana'a -Trai, S+,tr Ar/itrati*n.
1&. B,ac!+r v. %S, 274 %S 421, 19&2
14. Lichtn"tin v. 8uat+a,a -Th N*tt/*h+ Ca".
12. 5;*:: v. Dirct*r *: 0ri"*n"
11. Fi,arti)a v. 0na<Ira,a, 17$ F.2D 7#1, 197$
1#. Att4<8nra, *: I"ra, v. Eich+ann, &1 Int,. L. R9. 2
17. Eich+ann v. Att4<8nra, *: I"ra,, 1&1 I.L.R. 2##, 1912
19. %S v. Fa=a> ?uni", 171 F. Su99. 7911, 1977
2$. %S v. A,var><5achain, 2$4 %S 122, 1992
21. Scrtar4 *: Ju"tic v. 3*n. Ra,9h Lanti*n, 8R N*. 1&9412, Oct*/r 1#,2$$$
22. R)ina v. Bart, an' th C*++i""i*nr *: 0*,ic, 5arch 24 1999
2&. Dra,, v. R9u/,ic *: C>ch*",*va!ia
24. %S v. 3*n. @5 Rui>
22. %S v. 3*n. Lui" R4"
21. 3*,4 S v. E'i/rt* R*"ari* Jr
2#. R9u/,ic *: In'*n"ia v. @in>*n, 8R N*. 124#$2, Jun 21,2$$&
27. %S v. Thran, ICJ R9 197$ & -Iran Ca".
29. Banc* Naci*na, ' Cu/a v. Sa//atin*
&$. A,:r' Dunhi,, *: L*n'*n, Inc v. Cu/a
&1. Franc v. 5Aic* -Cair C,ai+.
&2. %( v. A,/ania -C*r:u Chann, Ca".
&&. Nicara)ua v. %S, ICJ R9. 1971
&4. %S v. 8rat Britain, 192$ -3*+ 5i""i*nar4 S*cit4 C,ai+.
&2. Sh*rt v. Iran, 197# -Iran<%S C,ai+" Tri/una,.
&1. 8r+an4 v. 0*,an', 1927 -Ch*r>*= Fact*r4 Ca".
&#. %S v. Bu,)aria, ICJ 1929 -Aria, Inci'nt Ca".
&7. 0*rtu)a, v. Au"tra,ia, ICJ 1992 -Ca" c*ncrnin) Ea"t Ti+*r.
&9. E, Sa,va'*r v. 3*n'ura" -Nicara)ua Intrvnti*n.
4$. Tana'a v. An)ara, 8R N*. 117292, 5a4 2, 199#
DOCTRINES OF THE CASES IN THE BOOK
*Quatar v. Bahrain, ICJ 1994
DOCTRINE
Trati" ar )nra,,4 in =rittn :*r+,h*=vr, vn *ra, a)r+nt can / /in'in).
On,4 =rittn a)r+nt that ar n=, c*+ un'r th 9r*vi"i*n" *: th @inna C*nvnti*n.
N* 9articu,ar :*r+ i" 9r"ci/'. Th chan) *: n*t" /t=n th t=* ha' *: "tat" in
thi" ca" =a" c*n"i'r' an intrnati*na, a)r+nt.
EAchan) *: n*t" i" th Achan) *: t=* '*cu+nt", ach *: th 9arti" /in) in th
9*""""i*n *: th *n "i)n' /4 th rr"ntativ *: th *thr.
*Air Fran!" v. Sa#$, 4%& 'S 9()
DOCTRINE
In intr9rtati*n *: trati", in ca" thr i" c*n:,ict a+*n) B*::icia, tAt"C, th ,an)ua)
that i" a)r' /4 th 9arti" a" auth*ritativ i" :*,,*='.
*'nit"* Kin+*,- v. I!".an* /Fi$h"ri"$ Juri$*i!ti,n0
DOCTRINE
Intrnati*na, ,a= a'+it" that a :un'a+nta, chan) in th circu+"tanc" =hich
'tr+in' th 9arti" t* acc*t a trat4, i: it ha" r"u,t' in a ra'ica, tran":*r+ati*n *: th Atnt *:
th */,i)ati*n" /4 it, +a4, un'r crtain c*n'iti*n", a::*r' th 9art4 a::ct' a )r*un' :*r inv*!in) th
tr+inati*n *r "u"9n"i*n *: th trat4. Th c*urt a,"* a''' that th chan)" +u"t hav incra"'
th /ur'n *: th */,i)ati*n" t* / Acut' t* th Atnt *: rn'rin) 9r:*r+anc "*+thin)
""ntia,,4 'i::rnt :r*+ th *ri)ina, intnti*n.
*Na-i1ia Ca$", ICJ RE2 19%1 13
DOCTRINE
It i" a99r*9riat t* hav r)ar' t* th )nra, 9rinci9," *: intrnati*na, a,a= r)u,atin)
tr+inati*n *: trat4 r,ati*n"hi9 *n acc*unt *: /rach. On,4 a +atria, /rach *: trat4 ;u"ti:i"
tr+inati*n.
*Hun+ar4 v. S.,va#ia /Danu1" Da-0
DOCTRINE
Evn i" a "tat *: nc""it4 i" :*un' t* Ai"t, it i" n*t a )r*un' :*r th tr+inati*n *: a
trat4. It +a4 *n,4 / inv*!' t* A*nrat :r*+ it" r"9*n"i/i,it4 a Stat =hich ha" :ai,' t* i+9,+nt
a trat4. @inna C*nvnti*n A9r"",4 9r*vi'" that i+9*""i/i,it4 *: 9r:*r+anc +a4 n*t / inv*!'
:*r th tr+inati*n *: a trat4 /4 a 9art4 t* that trat4 =hn it r"u,t" :r*+ th 9art4D" *=n /rach *: an
*/,i)ati*n :r*+ that trat4.
*E*4" v. R,1"rt$,n /H"a* 5,n"40
DOCTRINE
Th +unici9a, ru, :*r "tt,in) a c*n:,ict /t=n intrnati*na, a)r+nt an' ,)i",ati*n
i" 'i::rnt. Th ru, :*,,*=' in th %S i" that trati" an' "tatut" ar Eua, in ran!, th ru, :*,,*='
i" that a" /t=n an ar,ir trat4 an' a ,atr ,a=, th ,atr *n 9rvai,".
A trat4, thn, i" a ,a= *: th ,an'F it /c*+" an act *: C*n)r"" =hnvr it"
9r*vi"i*n" 9r"cri/ a ru, /4 =hich th ri)ht" *: th 9rivat citi>n *r "u/;ct +a4 / 'tr+in'.
*6hitn"4 v. R,1"rt$,n, 1)4 'S 19&
DOCTRINE
A trat4 i" 9ri+ari,4 a c*ntract /t=n t=* *r +*r in'9n'nt nati*n". F*r th
in:racti*n *: it" 9r*vi"i*n" a r+'4 +u"t / "*u)ht /4 th in;ur' 9art4 thr*u)h rc,a+ati*n" u9*n
th *thr. 6hn th "ti9u,ati*n" ar n*t ",:<Acutin), th4 can *n,4 / n:*rc' 9ur"uant t*
,)i",ati*n t* carr4 th+ int* ::ct, an' "uch ,)i",ati*n i" a" +uch "u/;ct t* +*'i:icati*n an' r9a,
/4 c*n)r"" a" ,)i",ati*n u9*n an4 *thr "u/;ct.
*7r"at Britain v. C,$ta Ri!a /Th" Tin,!, Ar1itrati,n0
DOCTRINE
Rc*)niti*n /4 *thr 0*=r" i" an i+9*rtant vi'ntia, :act*r in "ta/,i"hin) 9r**: *: th
Ai"tnc *: a )*vrn+nt in th "*cit4 *: nati*n". Th n*n<rc*)niti*n /4 *thr nati*n" *: a
)*vrn+nt c,ai+in) t* / a nati*na, 9r"*na,it4, i" u"ua,,4 a99r*9riat vi'nc that it ha" n*t
attain" th in'9n'nc an' c*ntr*, ntit,in) it /4 intrnati*na, ,a= t* / c,a""' a" "uch.
*'8ri+ht v. 5"r!ur4 Bu$in"$$ 5a!hin"$ C,.
DOCTRINE
A :*ri)n )*vrn+nt a,th*u)h n*t rc*)ni>' /4 th 9*,itica, ar+ *: th %S
8*vrn+nt, +a4nvrth,"" hav ' :act* Ai"tnc =hich i" ;uri'ica,,4 c*)ni>a/,. Th act" *:
"uch a ' :act* )*vrn+nt +a4 a::ct 9rivat ri)ht" an' */,i)ati*n" ari"in) ithr a" a r"u,t *:
activit4 in, *r =ith 9r"*n" *r c*r9*rati*n" =ithin, th trrit*r4 c*ntr*,,' /4 "uch ' :act* )*vrn+nt.
Thi" i" tra'iti*na, ,a=.
*Th" I$.an* ,9 2a.-a$
DOCTRINE
Di"c*vr4 *: trra nu,,iu", +*r*vr, i" n*t n*u)h t* "ta/,i"h "*vri)nt4. It +u"t /
acc*+9ani' /4 ::ctiv c*ntr*,. That th c*ntinu*u" an' 9ac:u, 'i"9,a4 *: trrit*ria, "*vri)nt4 i"
a" )**' a" tit,.
*Fran!" v. Tur#"4 /Th" :,tu$ Ca$"0
DOCTRINE
Thr i" n* ru, *: intrnati*na, ,a= in r)ar' t* c*,,i"i*n ca"" t* th ::ct that cri+ina,
9r*c'n)" ar Ac,u"iv,4 =ithin th ;uri"'icti*n *: th Stat =h*" :,a) i" :,*=n. @""," *n th hi)h
"a" ar "u/;ct t* n* auth*rit4 Ac9t that *: th Stat *: =h*" :,a) th4 :,4. In virtu" *: th
9rinci9, *: th :r'*+ *: th "a", that i" t* "a4, th a/"nc *: an4 trrit*ria, "*vri)nt4 u9*n th
hi)h "a", n* Stat +a4 Arci" an4 !in' *: ;uri"'icti*n *vr :*ri)n v""," u9*n th+.
*'S v. Cana*a /Trai. S-".t"r Ar1itrati,n0
DOCTRINE
A Stat *=" at a,, ti+" a 'ut4 t* 9r*tct *thr Stat" a)ain"t in;uri*u" act" /4
in'ivi'ua," :r*+ =ithin it" ;uri"'icti*n.
*B.a!#-"r v. 'S, );4 'S 4)1, 19()
DOCTRINE
Th nati*na,it4 9rinci9, "a4" that vr4 "tat ha" ;uri"'icti*n *vr it" nati*na," vn
=hn th*" nati*na," ar *ut"i' th "tat.
*:i"!ht"n$t"in v. 7uat"-a.a /Th" N,tt"1,h- Ca$"0
DOCTRINE
Each "tat ha" th ri)ht t* 'ci' =h* ar it" nati*na," u"in) ithr th 9rinci9, *: ;u"
"an)uini" *r ;u" "*,u *r natura,i>ati*n ,a=". 3*=vr, :*r a "tat t* c,ai+ a 9r"*n a" a nati*na,, th
"tat +u"t hav ra"*na/, c*ncti*n *r an B::ctiv ,in!C =ith that 9r"*n. Th c*n"nt *: th
in'ivi'ua, a,*n i" n*t n*u)h :*r hi+ t* / rc*)ni>' /4 *thr "tat" a" a nati*na, *: th "tat t*
=hich h c,ai+" t* /,*n).
*5"<,99 v. Dir"!t,r ,9 2ri$,n$
DOCTRINE
Th 9r*tcti*n a)ain"t '9rivati*n *: ,i/rt4 =ith*ut 'u 9r*c"" *: ,a= an' Ac9t :*r
cri+" c*++itt' a)ain"t th ,a=" *: th ,an' i" n*t ,i+it' 4* 0hi,i99in citi>n" /ut Atn'" t* a,,
r"i'nt", Ac9t n+4 a,in", r)ar',"" *: nati*na,it4.
*Fi.arti+a v. 2"na=Ira.a, 3;& F.)D ;%3, 19;&
DOCTRINE
Th univr"a,it4 9rinci9, rc*)ni>" crtain activiti", univr"a,,4 'an)r*u" t* "tat"
an' thir "u/;ct", rEuir auth*rit4 in a,, c*++unit4 ++/r" t* 9uni"h "uch act" =hrvr th4 +a4
*ccur.
T*rtur i" 9r*hi/it', A9r"",4 *r i+9,icit,4. Thr n*= Ai"t" an intrnati*na, c*n"n"u"
that rc*)ni>" /a"ic hu+an ri)ht" an' */,i)ati*n" *=' /4 a,, )*vrn+nt t* thir citi>n".
*Att4=7"n"ra. ,9 I$ra". v. Ei!h-ann, (3 Int.. :. R"8. >
DOCTRINE
%n'r intrnati*na, ,a= 8r+an4 /ar" n*t *n,4 +*ra,, /ut a,"* ,)a, r"9*n"i/i,it4 :*r
a,, th cri+" that =r c*++itt' a" it" *=n Bact" *: StatC, inc,u'in) th cri+" attri/ut' t* th
accu"'./ut that r"9*n"i/i,it4 '*" n*t 'tract *n i*ta :r*+ th 9r"*na, r"9*n"i/i,it4 *: th
accu"' :*r it" act".
8n*ci' i" n*thin) /ut th )rav"t t49 *: cri+" a)ain"t hu+anit4.
*Ei!h-ann v. Att4=7"n"ra. ,9 I$ra"., 1(3 I.:.R. )%%, 193)
DOCTRINE
Th 9*=r t* tr4 an' 9uni"h a 9r"*n :*r an *::n" h ha" c*++itt' i" th 9rinci9, *:
univr"a,it4. It" +anin) i", in ""nc, that th 9*=r i" v"t' in vr4 Stat r)ar',"" *: th :act
that th *::n" =a" c*++itt' *ut"i' it" trrit*r4 /4 a 9r"*n =h* 'i' n*t /,*n) t* it, 9r*vi'' h i"
in cu"t*'4 at th ti+ h i" /r*u)ht t* tria,. Thi" 9rinci9, ha" =i' "u99*rt an' i" univr"a,,4
ac!n*=,')' =ith r"9ct t* th *::n" *: 9irac4 ;ur )niu+.
*'S v. Fa?a@ Auni$, 3;1 F. Su88. ;931, 19;;
DOCTRINE
Th univr"a, 9rinci9, rc*)ni>" that crtain *::n"" ar "* hin*u" an' "* =i',4
c*n'+n' that Ban4 "tat i: it ca9tur" th *::n'r +a4 9r*"cut an' 9uni"h that 9r"*n *n /ha,:
*: th =*r,' c*++unit4 r)ar',"" *: th nati*na,it4 *: th *::n'r *r victi+ *r =hr th cri+ =a"
c*++itt'.
Th 9a""iv 9r"*na,it4 9rinci9, auth*ri>" "tat" t* a""rt ;uri"'icti*n *vr *::n""
c*++itt' a)ain"t thir citi>n"a a/r*a'. It rc*)ni>" that ach "tat ha" a ,)iti+at intr"t in
9r*tctin) th "a:t4 *: it" citi>n" =hn th4 ;*urn4 *ut"i' nati*na, /*un'ari".
*'S v. A.var"@=5a!hain, >&4 'S 3>>, 199)
DOCTRINE
Th 9r*c'ur :*r Atra'iti*n i" n*r+a,,4 thr*u)h 'i9,*+atic chann,". Th Atra'iti*n
tra4 ha" th :*rc *: ,a= an' i" ",: Acutin).
Th i+9,icati*n *: a '*ctrin *: "9cia,t4, /4 it" tr+", rEuir' th 9r"ntati*n *:
vi'nc "ta/,i"hin) 9r*/a/, cau" *: th cri+ *: Atra'iti*n /:*r Atra'iti*n =a" rEuir'.
*S"!r"tar4 ,9 Ju$ti!" v. H,n. Ra.8h :anti,n, 7R N,. 1(943>, O!t,1"r 1%,)&&&
DOCTRINE
An Atra'iti*n 9r*c'in) i" "ui )nri". It i" n*t a cri+inca, 9r*c'in) =hich =i,, ca,,
int* *9rati*n *: a,, th ri)ht" *: a n accu"' a" )uarant' /4 th Bi,, *: Ri)ht". 3nc, a" a ru,,
c*n"tituti*na, ri)ht" that ar *n,4 r,vant t* 'tr+in th )ui,t *r inn*cnc *: an accu"' cann*t /
inv*!' /4 an Atra'it "9cia,,4 /4 *n =h*" Atra'iti*n 9a9r" ar "ti,, un'r)*in) va,uati*n.
*R"+ina v. Bart." an* th" C,--i$$i,n"r ,9 2,.i!", 5ar!h )4 1999
DOCTRINE
It can n* ,*n)r / '*u/t' that a" a +attr *: )nra, cu"t*+ar4 intrnati*na, ,a= a
ha' *: "tat =i,, 9r"*na,,4 / ,ia/, t* / ca,,' t* acc*unt i: thr i" "u::icint vi'nc that h
auth*ri>' *r 9r9trat' "uch "ri*u" intrnati*na, cri+".
*Dra.." v. R"8u1.i! ,9 C@"!h,$.,va#ia
DOCTRINE
it can n* ,*n)r / "ai' that /4 intrnati*na, ,a= "*<ca,,' acta )"ti*ni" ar A+9t
:r*+ +unici9a, ;uri"'icti*n. Th c,a""ic '*ctrin *: i++unit4 ar*" at a ti+ =hn a,, thir 9*,itica,
activiti", ithr /4 th 9urcha" *: c*++*'iti" :*r thir 'i9,*+atic r9r"ntativ" a/r*a', *r /4 th
9urcha" *: +atria, :*r =a" 9ur9*"", tc. acc*r'in),4, th c,a""ic '*ctrin *: i++unit4 ha" ,*"t it"
+anin) an' rati*n c""ant can n* ,*n)r / rc*)ni>' a" ru, *: intrnati*na, ,a=.
*'S v. H,n. B5 Rui@
DOCTRINE
Th tra'iti*na, ru, *: Stat i++unit4 A+9t" a Stat :r*+ /in) "u' in th c*urt" *:
an*thr Stat =ith*ut it" c*n"nt *r =aivr.
Th Stat i++unit4 n*= Atn'" *n,4 t* act" ;ur i+9rii.
A Stat +a4 / "ai' t* hav '"cn'' t* th ,v, *: an in'ivu'ua, an' can thu" /
'+' t* hav tacit4,4 )ivn it" c*n"nt t* / "u' =hn in ntr" /u"in"" c*ntract". It '*" n*t
a99,4 =hr th c*ntract r,at" t* th Arci" *: it" "*vri)n :uncti*n".
*'S v. H,n. :ui$ R"4"$
DOCTRINE
Th c,ai+ *: i++unit4 =a" r;ct' =hn it =a" "h*=n that th act" *: th A+rican
*::icia, =r c*++itt' n*t *n,4 *ut"i' th "c*9 *: thir auth*rit4 /ut a,"* c*ntrar4 t* ,a=.
*H,.4 S"" v. E*i1"rt, R,$ari, Jr
DOCTRINE
I: th :*ri)n "tat i" n*t n)a)' r)u,ar,4 in a /u"in"" *r tra', th 9articu,ar act *r
tran"acti*n +u"t thn / t"t" /4 it" natur. I: th act i" in 9ur"uit *: a "*vri)n activit4, *r an
inci'nt thr*:, thn it i" an act ;ur i+9rii, "9cia,,4 =hn it i" n*t un'rta!n :*r )ain *r 9r*:it.
*R"8u1.i! ,9 In*,n"$ia v. Bin@,n, 7R N,. 1>4%&>, Jun" )3,)&&(
DOCTRINE
Th Ai"tnc a,*n, *: a 9ara)ra9h in a c*ntract "tatin) that an4 ,)a, acti*n ari"in)
*ut *: th a)r+nt cha,, / "tt,' accr*'in),4 t* th ,a=" *: th 0hi,i99in" an' /4 a "9ci:i' c*urt
*: th 0hi,i99in" i" n*t nc""ari,4 a =aivr *: "*vri)n i++unit4 :r*+ "uit. Su/+i""i*n /4 a :*ri)n
"tat t* ,*ca, ;ur*"'icti*n +u"t / c,a" an' unEuiv*ca,.
*'S v. T"hran, ICJ R"8 19;& ( /Iran Ca$"0
DOCTRINE
Th Iranian 8*vrn+nt 'i' n*t, thr:*r, +9,*4 th r+'i" 9,ac' at it" 'i"9*"a, /4
'i9,*+atic ,a= "9ci:ica,,4 :*r 'a,in) a=ith activiti" *: th !in' *: =hich it n*= c*+9,ain". Th c*urt,
thr:*r, can *n,4 c*nc,u' that Iran 'i' n*t hav rc*ur" t* n*r+a, an' ::icaci*u" +an" at it"
'i"9*"a,, /ut r"*rt' t* c*rciv +a"ur a)ain"t th %S E+/a""4 an' it" "ta::.
*Ban!, Na!i,na. *" Cu1a v. Sa11atin,
DOCTRINE
It i" a ru, +*t *: intrnati*na, ,a= /ut *: ;u'icia, r"traint in '*+"tic ,a= =hr/4
c*urt" r:rain :r*+ +a!in) 'ci"i*n" in ':rnc t* th Acutiv =h* i" th 9rinici9a, architct *:
:*ri)n r,ati*n".
*A.9r"* Dunhi.. ,9 :,n*,n, In! v. Cu1a
DOCTRINES
C*++rcia, */,i)ati*n" *: a :*ri)n )*vrn+nt +a4 / a';u'icat' in th*" c*urt"
*thr=i" havin) ;uri"'icti*n t* ntr "uch ;u')+nt".
*Fran!" v. 5"Ci!, /Cair" C.ai-0
DOCTRINE
In *r'r t* / a/, t* a'+it thi" "*<ca,,' */;ctiv r"9*n"i/i,it4 *: th Stat :*r act"
c*++itt' /4 it" *::icia," *r *r)an" *ut"i' thir c*+9tnc, th4 +u"t hav act' at ,a"t t* a,,
a99aranc" a" c*+9tnt *::icia," *r *r)an", *r th4 +u" hav u"' 9*=r" *r +th*'" a99*r9riat
t* thir *::icia, ca9acit4.
*'K v. A.1ania /C,r9u Chann". Ca$"0
DOCTRINE
Th Stat =hich i" th victi+, +u"t, in that a", / a,,*=' a +*r ,i/ra, rc*ur" t*
in:rnc" *: :act an' circu+"tantia, vi'nc.
It =a" th 'ut4 *: A,/ania t* n*ti:4 "hi99in) an' "9cia,,4 t* =arn "hi9" 9r*c'in)
thr*u)h th Strait *: th 'an)r t* =hich th4 =r A9*"'. In :act, n*thin) =a" att+9t' /4 A,/ania
t* 9rvnt th 'i"a"tr, an' th" )rav *+i""i*n" inv*,v hr intrnati*na, r"9*n"i/i,it4.
*Ni!ara+ua v. 'S, ICJ R"8. 19;3
DOCTRINE
Th c*ntra" r+ain r"9*n"i/, :*r thir act", in 9articu,ar th a,,)" vi*,ati*n" /4 th+
*: hu+anitarian ,a=. F*r th %S t* / ,)a,,4 r"9*n"i/,, it =*u,' hav t* / 9r*v' that th Stat
ha' ::ctiv c*ntr*, *: th *9rai*n" in th c*ur" *: =hich th a,,)' vi*,ati*n" =r c*++itt'.
*'S v. 7r"at Britain, 19)& /H,-" 5i$$i,nar4 S,!i"t4 C.ai-0
DOCTRINE
It i" =,,<"ta/,i"h' 9rinci9, *: intrnati*na, ,a= that n* )*vrn+nt can / h,'
r"9*n"i/, :*r th act *: r/,,i*u" /*'i" *: +n c*++itt' in vi*,ati*n *: it" auth*rit4, =hr it i"
it",: )ui,t4 *: n* /rach *: )**' :aith, *r *: n* n),i)nc in "u99r""in) in"urrcti*n.
*Sh,rt v. Iran, 19;% /Iran='S C.ai-$ Tri1una.0
DOCTRINE
6hr a rv*,uti*n ,a'" t* th "ta/,i"h+nt *: a n= )*vrn+nt th Sat i" h,'
r"9*n"i/, :*r th act" *: th *vrthr*=n )*vrn+nt in"*:ar a" th ,attr +aintain' c*ntr*, *: th
"ituati*n. Th "ucc""*r )*vrn+nt i" a,"* h,' r"9*n"i/, :*r th act" i+9uta/, t* th
rv*,uti*nar4 +*v+nt =hich "ta/,i"h' it, vn i: th*" act" *ccurr' 9ri*r t* it" "ta/,i"h+nt, a"
a c*n"Eunc *: th c*ntinuit4 Ai"tin) /t=n th n= *r)ani>ati*n *: th Sat an' th
*r)ani>ati*n *: th rv*,uti*nar4 +*v+nt.
*7"r-an4 v. 2,.an*, 19); /Ch,r@,? Fa!t,r4 Ca$"0
DOCTRINE
Th 'i"9*""""i*n *: an in'u"tria, un'rta!in) thn inv*,v" th */,i)ati*n t* r"t*r
th un'rta!in) an' i: thi" / n*t 9*""i/,, t* 9a4 it" va,u i" '"i)n' t* ta! th 9,ac *: r"tituti*n
=hich ha" /c*+ i+9*""i/,. T* thi" */,i)ati*n, in virtu *: th )nra, 9rinci9," *: intrnati*na, ,a=,
+u"t / a''' that *: c*+9n"atin) ,*"" "u"tain' a" th r"u,t *: th "i>ur.
*'S v. Bu.+aria, ICJ 19>9 /A"ria. In!i*"nt Ca$"0
DOCTRINE
A ca" *n *9ti*na, "4"t+.
Th %S =ith'r= it" a99,icati*n :r*+ th C*urtD" c*n"i'rati*n. Th C*urt :*r+a,,4
acc9t that =ith'ra=a,, n'in) th 'i"9ut.
*2,rtu+a. v. Au$tra.ia, ICJ 199> /Ca$" !,n!"rnin+ Ea$t Ti-,r0
DOCTRINE
Th C*urt ta!" n*t *: th :act that, :*r th t=* 9arti", th Trrit*r4 *: Ea"t Ti+*r
r+ain" a n*n<",: )*vrnin) trrit*r4 an' it" 9*9, ha" th ri)ht t* ",:<'tr+inati*n.
*E. Sa.va*,r v. H,n*ura$ /Ni!ara+ua Int"rv"nti,n0
DOCTRINE
Th cha+/r ha" n*= :urthr t* c*n"i'r th ar)u+nt *: E, Sa,va'*r that :*r
Nicara)ua t* intrvn it +u"t in a''iti*n "h*= a Bva,i' ,in! *: ;uri"'icti*nC /t=n Nicara)ua an' th
0arti".
Th 9attrn *: intrnati*n ;u'icia, "tt,+nt un'r th Statut i" that t=* *r +*r Stat"
a)r that th C*urt "ha,, har an' 'tr+in a 9articu,ar 'i"9ut. Th*" Stat" ar th B9arti"C t*
th 9r*c'in)", an' ar /*un' /4 th C*urt"D" vntua, 'ci"i*n /cau" th4 hav a)r' t* c*n:r
;uri"'icti*n *n th C*urt t* 'ci' th ca".
*Tana*a v. An+ara, 7R N,. 11;)9>, 5a4 ), 199%
DOCTRINE
8ATT it",: ha" 9r*vi'' /ui,t<in 9r*tcti*n :r*+ un:air :*ri)n c*+9titi*n an' tra'
9ractic" inc,u'in) anti<'u+9in) +a"ur", c*untrvai,in) +a"ur" an' "a:)uar'" a)ain"t i+9*rt
"ur)".
CASE DI7ESTS :IST
1. @inu4a v". EAcutiv Scrtar4
2. Tana'a v". An)ara
&. DFA v". NLRC
4. 63O v". AEuin*
2. Lian) v". 0*9, *: th 0hi,i99in"
1. 5ani,a 0rinc 3*t, v". 8SIS
Binu4a v$. EC"!utiv" S"!r"tar4 R,-u.,
FACTS
0titi*nr" ar a,, ++/r" *: th 5ALA?A LOLAS, a n*n<"t*c!, n*n<9r*:it *r)ani>ati*n
r)i"tr' =ith th SEC :*r th 9ur9*" *: 9r*vi'in) ai' t* th victi+" *: ra9 /4 Ja9an" +i,itar4
:*rc" in th 0hi,i99in" 'urin) th 66II. Th4 c,ai+ that th4 =r Bc*+:*rt =*+nC at that ti+ an'
hav )rat,4 "u::r' /cau" *: that. In 1997, th4 hav a99r*ach' th EAcutiv D9art+nt
thr*u)h th DOJ, DFA an' OS8 an' rEu"t' a""i"tanc in :i,in) a c,ai+ a)ain"t th Ja9an"
*::icia," an' +i,itar4 *::icr" =h* *r'r' th "ta/,i"h+nt *: th Bc*+:*rt =*+nC "tati*n" in th
0hi,i99in". 3*=vr, th *::icia," 'c,in' *n that )r*un' that th in'ivi'ua, c,ai+" ha' a,ra'4 /n
"ati":i' /4 Ja9anG" c*+9,ianc =ith th San Franci"c* 0ac Trat4 *: 1921 an' th /i,atra,
R9arati*n" A)r+nt *: 1921 /t=n Ja9an an' th 0hi,i99in". Th 9titi*nr" ar)u that th
)nra, =aivr *: c,ai+" +a' /4 th 0hi,i99in )*vrn+nt in th Trat4 *: 0ac =ith Ja9an i" v*i'
/cau" th c*+:*rt =*+n "4"t+ c*n"titut' a cri+ a)ain"t hu+anit4, "Aua, ",avr4, an' t*rtur.
Th "a+ =a" 9r*hi/it' un'r th ;u" c*)n" n*r+" :r*+ =hich n* 'r*)ati*n i" 9*""i/,. Thu",
"uch =aivr =a" a /rach a)ain"t th )*vrn+ntG" */,i)ati*n n*t t* a::*r' i+9unit4 :*r cri+" a)ain"t
hu+anit4. In a''iti*n, th4 c,ai+ that th 0hi,i99in )*vrn+ntG" acc9tanc *: th a9*,*)i" +a'
/4 Ja9an a" =,, a" :un'" :*r th A6F =r c*ntrar4 t* intrnati*na,,a=.
ISS'ES
6hthr th r:u"a, *: th EAcutiv D9art+nt t* "9*u" 9titi*nr"G c,ai+" a)ain"t
Ja9an va,i'H
HE:D
?", it =a" va,i'. It ha"th Ac,u"iv 9rr*)ativ :*r "uch 'tr+inati*n. S* +uch "*,
th 0hi,i99in" i" n*t un'r an4 intrnati*na, */,i)ati*n t* "9*u" 9titi*nrG" c,ai+. 8ivn th
Atra*r'inar4 ,n)th *: ti+ thatha" ,a9"' /t=n th trat4G" c*nc,u"i*n, th EAcutiv D9art+nt
ha' th a+9, ti+ t* a"""" th:*ri)n 9*,ic4 c*n"i'rati*n" *: "9*u"in) a c,ai+ a)ain"t Ja9an,
:r*+ th "tan'9*int *: /*th th intr"t"*: th 9titi*nr" an' th*" *: th R9u/,ic, an' 'ci' *n
that /a"i" i: a9*,*)i" ar "u::icint, an' =hthr :urthr "t9" ar a99r*9riat *r nc""ar4. %n'r
intrnati*na, ,a=, th *n,4 +an" avai,a/, :*r in'ivi'ua," t* /rin) a c,ai+ =ithin th intrnati*na, ,)a,
"4"t+ ha" /n =hn th in'ivi'ua, i" a/, t* 9r"ua' a )*vrn+nt t* /rin) a c,ai+ *n
thin'ivi'ua,G" /ha,:. 6hn thi" ha99n", in th 4 *: th intrnati*na, tri/una,, th Stat i" th "*,
c,ai+ant. Thr:*r, th Stat i" th "*, ;u') t* 'ci' =hthr it" 9r*tcti*n in :av*r *: th*"
9titi*nr" =i,, / )rant', t* =hat Atnt it i" )rant', an' =hn =i,, it ca". It i" a 'i"crti*nar4
9*=r an' th Arci" *: =hich +a4 / 'tr+in' /4 c*n"i'rati*n *: a 9*,itica, *r *thr natur.
5*r*vr, in th inv*cati*n *: ;u" c*)n" n*r+" an' r)a *+n" */,i)ati*n *: th 0hi,i99in", th
9titi*nr" :ai,' t* "h*= that th cri+" c*++itt' /4 th Ja9an" ar+4 vi*,at' ;u" c*)n"
9r*hi/iti*n"at th ti+ th Trat4 *: 0ac =a" "i)n', *r that th 'ut4 t* 9r*"cut 9r9trat*r" *:
intrnati*na, cri+"in an r)a *+n" */,i)ati*n *r ha" attain' th "tatu" *: ;u" c*)n".
Tana*a v$. An+ara
FACTS
On A9ri, 12, 1994, th 0hi,i99in 8*vrn+nt r9r"nt' /4 it" Scrtar4 *: th
D9art+nt *: Tra' an' In'u"tr4 "i)n' th Fina, Act /in'in) th 0hi,i99in 8*vrn+nt t* "u/+it t*
it" r"9ctiv c*+9tnt auth*riti" th 6TO -6*r,' Tra' Or)ani>ati*n. A)r+nt" t* "!
a99r*va, :*r "uch. On Dc+/r 14, 1994, R"*,uti*n N*. 9# =a" a'*9t' /4 th 0hi,i99in Snat t*
rati:4 th 6TO A)r+nt.
Thi" i" a 9titi*n a""ai,in) th c*n"tituti*na,it4 *: th 6TO a)r+nt a" it vi*,at" Sc 19, Artic, II,
9r*vi'in) :*r th 'v,*9+nt *: a ",: r,iant an' in'9n'nt nati*na, c*n*+4, an' Scti*n" 1$
an' 12, Artic, III, 9r*vi'in) :*r th BFi,i9in* :ir"tC 9*,ic4.
ISS'E
6hthr th R"*,uti*n N*. 9# rati:4in) th 6TO A)r+nt i" unc*n"tituti*na,H
HE:D
Th Su9r+ C*urt ru,' th R"*,uti*n N*. 9# i" n*t unc*n"tituti*na,. 6hi, th
c*n"tituti*n +an'at" a /ia" in :av*r *: Fi,i9in* )**'", "rvic", ,a/*r an' ntr9ri"", at th "a+
ti+, it rc*)ni>" th n' :*r /u"in"" Achan) =ith th r"t *: th =*r,' *n th /a"" *: Eua,it4
an' rci9r*cit4 an' ,i+it" 9r*tcti*n *: Fi,i9in* intr"t" *n,4 a)ain"t :*ri)n c*+9titi*n an' tra'
9ractic" that ar un:air. In *thr =*r'", th C*n"tituti*n 'i' n*t intn' t* 9ur"u an i"*,ati*na,i"t
9*,ic4. Furthr+*r, th c*n"tituti*na, 9*,ic4 *: a B",:<r,iant an' in'9n'nt nati*na, c*n*+4C '*"
n*t nc""ari,4 ru, *ut th ntr4 *: :*ri)n inv"t+nt", )**'" an' "rvic". It c*nt+9,at" nithr
Bc*n*+ic "c,u"i*nC n*r B+n'icanc4 in th intrnati*na, c*++unit4.C
Th Snat, a:tr ',i/rati*n an' v*tin), )av it" c*n"nt t* th 6TO A)r+nt
thr/4 +a!in) it Ba 9art *: th ,a= *: th ,an'C. Th Su9r+ C*urt )av 'u r"9ct t* an Eua,
'9art+nt in )*vrn+nt. It 9r"u+" it" acti*n" a" r)u,ar an' '*n in )**' :aith un,"" thr i"
c*nvincin) 9r**: an' 9r"ua"iv a)r+nt" t* th c*ntrar4. A" a r"u,t, th rati:icati*n *: th 6TO
A)r+nt ,i+it" *r r"trict" th a/"*,utn"" *: "*vri)nt4. A trat4 n)a)+nt i" n*t a +r
*/,i)ati*n /ut crat" a ,)a,,4 /in'in) */,i)ati*n *n th 9arti". A "tat =hich ha" c*ntract' va,i'
intrnati*na, */,i)ati*n" i" /*un' t* +a! it" ,)i",ati*n" "uch +*'i:icati*n" a" +a4 / nc""ar4 t*
n"ur th :u,:i,,+nt *: th */,i)ati*n" un'rta!n.
DFA v$. N:RC
FACTS
0rivat r"9*n'nt NLRC initiat' a ca" a)ain"t :*r an a,,)' i,,)a, 'i"+i""a, /4 ADB an'
th ,attrD" vi*,ati*n *: th J,a/*r<*n,4Jcontracting ,a=. T=* "u++*n"" =r "rv', *n "nt 'irct,4
t* th ADB an' th *thr thr*u)h the Department *: Foreign Affairs-DFA., /*th =ith a c*94 *: the
complaint. F*rth=ith, th ADB an' th DFA n*ti:i' r"9*n'nt La/*r Ar/itr that th ADB, a" =,, a"
it" 0r"i'nt an' Officers, =r c*vr' /4 an i++unit4 :r*+ ,)a, 9r*c"" Ac9t :*r borrowings,
)uaranti" *r th "a, *: "curiti" 9ur"uant t* Artic, 2$-1. an' Artic, 22 *: the AgreementE"ta/,i"hin)
th A"ian Development Bank -th JChartrJ. in r,ati*n t* Scti*n 2 an' Scti*n 44 *: th A)r+nt
Bt=n Th Ban! An' Th Government Of Th 0hi,i99in" R)ar'in) Th Ban!D" 3a'Euartr" -th
J3a'Euartr" A)r+ntJ..
Th La/*r Ar/itr t**! c*)ni>anc *: th c*+9,aint *n th i+9r""i*n that th ADB ha' =aiv'
it" 'i9,*+atic i++unit4 :r*+ "uit an' rn'r' hi" 'ci"i*n 'c,arin) th c*+9,ainant a" a r)u,ar
+9,*4 *: r"9*n'nt ADB an' hi" tr+inati*n =a" i,,)a,.
Th ADB 'i' n*t a99a, th 'ci"i*n /ut in"ta', th DFA r:rr' th +attr t* th Nati*na,
La/*r R,ati*n" C*++i""i*n "!in) a :*r+a, vacati*n *: th v*i' ;u')+nt.
Di""ati":i' /4 th NLRCG" r"9*n", th DFA ,*')' th in"tant 9titi*n :*r crti*rari.
ISS'E
6hthr ADB n;*4" a 'i9,*+atic i++unit4 :r*+ "uitH
HE:D
Th 9titi*n :*r crti*rari i" )rant', an' th 'ci"i*n *: th La/*r Ar/itr i" vacat' :*r /in)
nu,, an' v*i'. Th 9r*vi"i*n" "ti9u,at' /4 /*th th Chartr an' 3a'Euartr" A)r+nt "h*u,' /
a/,, +a4 =,, n*u)h, t* "ta/,i"h that, Ac9t in th "9ci:i' ca"" *: borrowing an' )uarant
*9rati*n", a" =,, a" th 9urcha", "a, an' un'r=ritin) *: "curiti", th ADB n;*4" i++unit4 :r*+
,)a, 9r*c"" *: vr4 :*r+. Th Ban!G" *::icr", *n thir 9art, n;*4 i++unit4 in r"9ct *: a,, act"
9r:*r+' /4 th+ in thir *::icia, ca9acit4. Th Chartr an' th 3a'Euartr" A)r+nt )rantin)
th" i++uniti" an' 9rivi,)" ar trat4 c*vnant" an' c*++it+nt" v*,untari,4 a""u+' /4 th
0hi,i99in )*vrn+nt =hich +u"t / r"9ct'. Bin) an international organization that ha" /n
Atn'' a 'i9,*+atic "tatu", th ADB i" in'9n'nt *: th municipal law.
6,r.* H"a.th Or+ani@ati,n v$. ADuin,
FACTS
2titi*nr, in /ha,: *: Dr. @r"tu4:t, =a" a,,)',4 "u"9ct' /4 th C*n"ta/u,ar4 O::"h*r
Acti*n Cntr -COSAC. *::icr" *: carr4in) 'utia/, )**'" un'r th Cu"t*+" an' Tari:: C*' *: th
0hi,i99in". R"9*n'nt Ju') thn i""u' a "arch =arrant at th in"tanc *: th COSAC *::icr" :*r
th "arch an' "i>ur *: th 9r"*n,a ::ct" *: Dr. @r"tu4:t n*t=ith"tan'in) hi" /in) ntit,' t*
'i9,*+atic i++unit4, a" 'u,4 rc*)ni>' /4 th EAcutiv /ranch *: th )*vrn+nt.
Th Scrtar4 *: F*ri)n A::air" Car,*" 0. R*+u,* a'vi"' th r"9*n'nt ;u') that Dr.
@r"tu4:t i" ntit,' t* i++unit4 :r*+ "arch in r"9ct :*r hi" 9r"*na, /a))a) a" acc*r'' t*
++/r" *: 'i9,*+atic +i""i*n" 9ur"uant t* th 3*"t A)r+nt an' :urthr rEu"t' :*r th
"u"9n"i*n *: th "arch =arrant. Th S*,icit*r 8nra, acc*r'in),4 ;*in' th 9titi*nr :*r th
Eua"ha, *: th "arch =arrant /ut r"9*n'nt ;u') nvrth,"" "u++ari,4 'ni' th Eua"ha,.
ISS'E
6hthr 9r"*na, ::ct *: 63O O::icr Dr. @r"tu4:t can / A+9t' :r*+ "arch an'
"i>ur un'r th 'i9,*+atic i++unit4H
HE:D
Th Acutiv /ranch *: th 0hi," ha" A9r"",4 rc*)ni>' that @r"tu4:t i" ntit,' t*
'i9,*+atic i++unit4, 9ur"uant t* th 9r*vi"i*n" *: th 3*"t A)r+nt. Th DFA :*r+a,,4 a'vi"'
r"9*n'nt ;u') *: th 0hi,i99in 8*vrn+ntD" *::icia, 9*"iti*n. Th S*,icit*r 8nra,, a" 9rinci9a,
,a= *::icr *: th )*rvrn+nt, ,i!=i" A9r"",4 a::ir+' "ai' 9titi*nrD" ri)ht t* 'i9,*+atic i++unit4
an' a"!' :*r th Eua"ha, *: th "arch =arrant.
It i" rc*)ni>' 9rinci9, *: intrnati*na, ,a= an' un'r *ur "4"t+ *: "9arati*n *: 9*=r" that
'i9,*+atic i++unit4 i" ""ntia,,4 a 9*,itica, Eu"ti*n an' c*urt" "h*u,' r:u" t* ,**! /4*n' a
'tr+inati*n /4 th Acutiv /ranch *: )*vrn+nt, an' =hr th 9,a *: 'i9,*+atic i++unit4 i"
rc*)ni>' /4 th Acutiv /ranch *: th )*vrn+nt a" in th ca" at /ar, it i" thn th 'ut4 *: th
c*urt" t* acc9t th c,ai+ *: i++unit4 u9*n a99r*9riat "u))"ti*n /4 th 9rinci9a, ,a= *::icr *: th
)*vrn+nt, th S*,icit*r 8nra, in thi" ca", *r *thr *::icr actin) un'r hi" 'i"crti*n. C*urt" +a4
n*t "* Arci" thir ;uri"'icti*n /4 "i>ur an' 'tnti*n *: 9r*9rt4, a" t* +/ara"" th Acutiv
ar+ *: th )*vrn+nt in c*n'uctin) :*ri)n r,ati*n".
5ani.a 2rin!" H,t". v$. 7SIS
FACTS
Th c*ntr*vr"4 ar*" =hn r"9*n'nt Government Service Insurance S4"t+ -8SIS., 9ur"uant
t* th 9rivati>ati*n 9r*)ra+ *: th 0hi,i99in 8*vrn+nt un'r Proclamation N*. 2$ 'at' 7
Dc+/r 1971, 'ci'' to sell thr*u)h 9u/,ic /i''in) &$K t* 21K *: th i""u' an' *ut"tan'in)
"har" *: r"9*n'nt 5ani,a 3*t, C*r9*rati*n. In a c,*" /i''in) h,' *n 17S9t+/r 1992 *n,4
t=* -2. /i''r" 9artici9at'L 9titi*nr 5ani,a 0rinc 3*t, C*r9*rati*n, a Fi,i9in* c*r9*rati*n, =hich
*::r' t* /u4 21K *: th 53C *r 12,&$$,$$$ "har" at 041.27 per share, an' Rn*n) Brha', a
5a,a4"ian :ir+, =ith ITT<Shrat*n a" it" h*t, *9rat*r, =hich /i' :*r th "a+ number of shares at
044.$$ 9r "har, *r 02.42 +*r than th /i' *: 9titi*nr.
0n'in) th 'c,arati*n *: Rn*n) Brha' a" th =innin) /i''rM"trat)ic 9artnr an' th
Acuti*n *: th nc""ar4 c*ntract", +atch' th /i' 9ric *: 044.$$ 9r "har tn'r' /4 Rn*n)
Brha'.
On 1# Oct*/r 1992, 9rha9" a99rhn"iv that r"9*n'nt 8SIS ha" 'i"r)ar'' th tn'r
*: th +atchin) /i' an' that th "a, *: 21K *: th 53C +a4 / ha"tn' /4 r"9*n'nt 8SIS an'
c*n"u++at' =ith Rn*n) Brha', 9titi*nr ca+ t* thi" C*urt *n 9r*hi/iti*n an' +an'a+u".
In th +ain, 9titi*nr inv*!" Sc. 1$, "c*n' 9ar., Art. III, *: th 197# C*n"tituti*n an'
"u/+it" that the anila !otel ha" /n i'nti:i' =ith th Fi,i9in* nati*n an' ha" 9ractica,,4 /c*+ a
hi"t*rica, +*nu+nt =hich r:,ct" th vi/ranc4 *: 0hi,i99in hrita) an' cu,tur. It i" a 9r*u' ,)ac4
*: an ar,ir )nrati*n *: Fi,i9in*" =h* /,iv' in th n*/i,it4 an' "acr'n"" *: in'9n'nc an'
it" 9*=r an' ca9acit4 t* r,a" th :u,, 9*tntia, *: th Fi,i9in* 9*9,. T* a,, intnt" an' 9ur9*"", it
ha" /c*+ a 9art *: th nati*na, 9atri+*n4. 0titi*nr a,"* ar)u" that "inc 21K *: th "har" *:
th 53C carri" =ith it th *=nr"hi9 *: the business ofthe hotel =hich i" *=n' /4 r"9*n'nt 8SIS, a
)*vrn+nt<*=n' an' c*ntr*,,' c*r9*rati*n, th h*t, /u"in"" *: r"9*n'nt 8SIS /in) a 9art *:
th tourism in"ustr# i" unEu"ti*na/,4 a 9art *: th nati*na, c*n*+4.
ISS'E
6hthr th "a, *: 5ani,a 3*t, t* Rn*n) Brha' i" a vi*,ati*n *: th C*n"tituti*na, 9r*vi"i*n
*: Fi,i9in* Fir"t 9*,ic4 an' i" thr:*r nu,, an' v*i'H
HE:D
Th 5ani,a 3*t, *r, :*r that +attr, 21K *: th 53C, i" n*t ;u"t an4 c*++*'it4 t* / "*,' t*
th hi)h"t /i''r "*,,4 :*r th "a! *: 9rivati>ati*n. Th 5ani,a 3*t, ha" 9,a4' an' c*ntinu" t*
9,a4 a "i)ni:icant r*, a" an authntic r9*"it*r4 *: t=ntith cntur4 0hi,i99in hi"t*r4 an' cu,tur.
Thi" i" th 9,ain an' "i+9, +anin) *: th Fi,i9in* Fir"t 0*,ic4 9r*vi"i*n *: th 0hi,i99in C*n"tituti*n.
An' thi" C*urt, h'in) th c,ari*n ca,, *: the $onstitution an' acc9tin) th 'ut4 *: /in) th ,'r,4
=atch+an *: th nati*n, =i,, continuet* r"9ct an' 9r*tct th "anctit4 *: th C*n"tituti*n. It =a" thu"
*r'r' that 8SIS acc9t" th +atchin) /i' *: 9titi*nr 5ANILA0RINCE 3OTEL COR0ORATION t*
9urcha" th "u/;ct 21K *: th "har" *: th 5ani,a 3*t, C*r9*rati*n at 044.$$ 9r "har an'
thra:tr t* Acut th nc""ar4 c,aranc" an' t* '* "uch *thr act" an' ''" a" +a4 /
nc""ar4 :*r 9ur9*".
:ian+ v$. 2",8." ,9 th" 2hi.i88in"$
FACTS
0titi*nr i" an c*n*+i"t =*r!in) =ith th A"ian Dv,*9+nt Ban!. S*+ti+ in 1994, :*r
a,,)',4 uttrin) ':a+at*r4 =*r'" a)ain"t :,,*= ADB =*r!r J*4c Ca/a,, h =a" char)' /:*r
th 5tr*9*,itan Tria, C*urt *: 5an'a,u4*n) Cit4 =ith t=* c*unt" *: )rav *ra, ':a+ati*n. 0titi*nr
=a" arr"t' /4 virtu *: a =arrant i""u' /4 th 5TC. 5TC Ju') rciv' an B*::ic *: 9r*t*c*,C
:r*+ th D9art+nt *: F*ri)n A::air" "tatin) that 9titi*nr i" c*vr' /4 i++unit4 :r*+ ,)a,
9r*c"" un'r Scti*n 42 *: th A)r+nt /t=n th ADB an' th 0hi,i99in 8*vrn+nt
r)ar'in) th 3a'Euartr" *: th ADB in th c*untr4. Th 5TC ;u') =ith*ut n*tic t* th
9r*"cuti*n 'i"+i""' th ca" /a"' :r*+ th "ai' 9r*t*c*,. Th ,attr :i,' a +*ti*n :*r
rc*n"i'rati*n =hich =a" *99*"' /4 th DFA. 6hn it" +*ti*n =a" 'ni', th 9r*"cuti*n :i,' a
9titi*n :*r crti*rari an' +an'a+u" =ith th RTC *: 0a"i) Cit4 =hich "t a"i' th 5TC ru,in)" an'
*r'r' th ,attr c*urt t* n:*rc th =arrant *: arr"t it ar,ir i""u'.
A:tr th +*ti*n :*r rc*n"i'rati*n =a" 'ni', 9titi*nr ,vat' th ca" t* thi" c*urt via a
9titi*n :*r rvi= ar)uin) that h i" c*vr' /4 i++unit4 un'r th A)r+nt an' that n* 9r,i+inar4
inv"ti)ati*n =a" h,' /:*r th cri+ina, ca"" =r :i,' in c*urt.
ISS'E
6hthr i++unit4 inv*!' /4 DFA :*r ADB +9,*4" /a"' *n th A)r+nt i" c*)ni>a/,
in *ur c*urt"H
HE:D
Th i++unit4 +nti*n' thrin i" n*t a/"*,ut, /ut "u/;ct t* th Ac9ti*n that th act =a"
'*n in B*::icia, ca9acit4.C Th 9r*"cuti*n "h*u,' hav /n )ivn th chanc t* r/ut th DFA
9r*t*c*, an' it +u"t / acc*r'' th *99*rtunit4 t* 9r"nt it" c*ntr*vrtin) vi'nc.
S,an'rin) a 9r"*n c*u,' n*t 9*""i/,4 / c*vr' /4 th i++unit4 a)r+nt /cau" *ur ,a=" '*
n*t a,,*= th c*++i""i*n *: a cri+, "uch a" ':a+ati*n, in th na+ *: *::icia, 'ut4. It i" a =,,<
"tt,' 9rinci9, *: ,a= that a 9u/,ic *::icia, +a4 / ,ia/, in hi" 9r"*na, 9rivat ca9acit4 :*r =hatvr
'a+a) h +a4 hav cau"' /4 hi" act '*n =ith +a,ic *r in /a' :aith *r /4*n' th "c*9 *: hi"
auth*rit4 *r ;uri"'icti*n. %n'r th @inna C*nvnti*n *n Di9,*+atic R,ati*n", th c*++i""i*n *: a
cri+ i" n*t 9art *: *::icia, 'ut4. Th 9titi*n i" thr:*r 'ni'.
CASE DI8ESTS
AND
DOCTRINES
IN
0%BLIC INTERNATIONAL LA6
S%B5ITTED B?L
(A?REL 0ADILLA
2$114$$$44
S%B5ITTED TOL
ATT?. ?A5A5OTO