PUMP

Definition
Pump is a machine used to move and increase the pressure with a mechanical actions by
adding energy on the fluid

Functions
The pump is in charge of pumping water by increasing the pressure on to the water

Types of water pump
1. Vacuum Pumps
Vacuum pumps vent the gas from a sealed volume leaving behind a partial vacuum. There are
three general methods for accomplishing this, including positive displacement, momentum
transfer, and entrapment, as defined below.

Vacuum Pump Types Description
Positive Displacement The cavity is expanded through the use of a mechanism that
allows gasses to flow into the chamber; once there, the cavity is
sealed and the gas exhaust is vented to the atmosphere, with the
cycle starting over again
Momentum Transfer The gas molecules are knocked out of the chamber by high-speed
jets of a dense fluid or a high-speed rotating blade; also referred
to as molecular pumps
Entrapment These pump types capture the gasses in a solid or absorbed state;
can reach an ultra-high vacuum state, though this state is not
sustainable
Vacuum pumps are used by operators to create low to high vacuums. This is useful for the
creation of electronics, such as superconductors, or any application that requires a vacuum of
some sort.

2. Water Pumps
As the name implies, water pumps pump water. Whether that be in a vehicle, at a business, in
the home, or in a well, shoppers can probably find a water pump to fit their vehicle or to help
them draw water from the ground in a self-dug well to be used in pressure tanks within the
location. The following table describes these types of water pumps and their uses.

Water Pump Types Description
Vehicle Water Pump Vehicle water pumps help regulate the flow of water through a
vehicles cooling system; when the seal on these go bad, the
whole pump must be replaced
Well Water Pump These pumps draw water up from the ground to be used in a
home or business; shoppers need to get a well pump that draws
enough water for the number of sinks and bathrooms in the
location
Pressure Tank Water Pump Located within the home or business, pressure water pumps
regulate the water pressure year round, controlling water flow to
different areas of the location

3. Trash Pumps
Trash pumps are primarily used to pump wastewater. They are more commonly used to pump
basement bathroom waste up to a higher level for disposal. The wastewater can contain both
hard and soft solids. In all, there are roughly four types of trash pumps, detailed in the table
below.

Trash Pump Types Description
Syringe Pump These trash pumps are used to remove exact amounts of fluids at
exact timed intervals; withdrawal pumps automatically remove
fluids, while infusion pumps process fluids at high speeds
Sanitary Pump Used by distilleries, breweries, food processors, and others to
help in the processing of foods and other materials that require a
high level of sanitation
Progressive Cavity Pump Used for the moving of slurries and fluids with solids in
suspension; fluids are typically moved into storage tanks using
trash pumps or pumped through a pipeline; easy to clean
Trash Pump Types Description
Positive Displacement
Pump
Liquids are moved about through mechanical force with these
types of pumps; this is most often through the use of pistons,
gears, and diaphragms; power provided via hydraulics, water, or
solar panels
Make sure to clean trash pumps on a regular basis. These devices are used to move liquids
that sometimes have ample amounts of foods and other solids, which can become stuck.

4. Hydraulic Pumps
Hydraulic pumps are used in hydraulic drive systems. These pump types can be labeled
hydrostatic (positive displacement) or hydrodynamic (fixed or variable displacement).
Hydraulic pumps come in six basic types as detailed in the table below.

Hydraulic Pump Types Description
Gear Pump Most common type of hydraulic pump; widely used in chemical
installations; two main variations of gear pumps are external gear
pumps and internal gear pumps
Rotary Vane Pump Consists of vanes mounted on a rotor; the rotor turns within a
cavity; vanes are either of variable length or touch the walls as
the pump rotates; used in power steering and automatic
transmissions
Screw Pump Ancient pump used in irrigation and for the transporting of solids
such as grain; a positive displacement pump uses one or several
screws to move materials along the screws spidle
Bent Axis Pump Exists in two basic designs, the Thoma-principle with a 25-
degree angle, and the Wahlmark-principle with a 40-degree
maximum distance between the driveshaft and pistons; best
efficiency
Axial Piston Pump Using the swashplate principle, these pumps can be used as
stand-alone pumps, hydraulic motors, or as air conditioner
compressors in vehicles; very reliable
Radial Piston Pump The pistons on a radial pump extend symmetrically around the
drive shaft; this is useful in different applications, including the
Hydraulic Pump Types Description
making of machine tools, in test rigs, injection molding, and wind
energy

5. Sump Pumps
Sump pumps are used to remove water accumulated in a water collecting basin called a sump.
Commonly used in basements and other low-lying areas within the home or business where
flooding is common, especially if the basement sits below the water level. Coming in two
basic designs, both are covered in more detail below.

Sump Pump types Description
Pedestal Sump Pump The motor is mounted above the sump, allowing it to be serviced
more easily; more conspicuous
Submersible Sump Pump Mounted entirely in the sump; specially sealed to prevent users
from suffering electric shock