Group Standard

PV 3.3.3
Issue 2007-09
Class. No.: 57650
Descriptors: paint, varnish, scratch resistance, automatic car wash, Amtec-Kistler method, car wash lab apparatus

Check standard for current issue prior to usage. The English translation is believed to be accurate. In case of discrepancies the German version shall govern. Numerical
notation acc. to ISO practice. Page 1 of 3
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P1O Reinhard Alberts
P1O/D Eckhard Bricke
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EKTC/4 J rgen Wiesner
Phone: +49-5361-9-29064
EKTC
Manfred Terlinden
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Paints and Varnishes
Scratch Resistance Testing of Clear Coats

Previous issues
PV 3.3.3: 2001-09, 2006-07
Changes
The following changes have been made as compared to Test Specification PV 3.3.3: 2006-07:
Evaluation methods added
Referenced documents updated
1 Scope
This standard contains additional specifications to be applied when testing scratch resistance ac-
cording to DIN EN ISO 20566.
2 Description
Scratch resistance according to PV 3.3.3
3 Test method
The test is carried out acc. to DIN EN ISO 20566 using the car wash lab apparatus made by Am-
tec-Kistler GmbH. The operating manual of the device and the applicable work instructions must be
observed.
It is essential to recognize that this method cannot be used to determine reliable absolute values as
the age of the brush has a considerable influence on the scratching results.
The results can only be compared to reference material tested at the same time.
Q
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E
L
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:

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Issue PV 3.3.3: 2007-09

In addition, the following deviations from the standard must be considered:
Washing suspension (Section 4.1 of DIN EN ISO 20566: 2007-01)
The washing suspension consists of 1,5 g of quartz powder (Dorsilit 10000 made by Dorfner,
Hirschau, telephone: +49 (0) 9622-82-0) with an average grain size d
50
of 19 m per liter of
deionized water (DI water).
The water temperature must be between 18 C and 28 C. A constant temperature level of 25
C, for example, allows for an improved repeatability.
NOTE: Tap water can also be used instead of DI water as long as no inter-instrumental com-
parison is carried out.
Test plates (Section 6 of DIN EN ISO 20566: 2007-01)
Unless otherwise agreed upon, the test plates and reference plates are made from sheet steel
with original paint structure, size (290 x 120 x 0,8) mm (body panel sheet steel).
Solid black paint is to be preferably used as a base coat.
Testing in the car wash lab apparatus is to be carried out only after conditioning of the plates
once the coating samples are applied. To this end, the plates are conditioned for 1 day at 60
C and then for another day at standard climate acc. to DIN EN 23270.
Test procedure and evaluation (Sections 7 and 8 of DIN EN ISO 20566: 2007-01)
Prior to testing, the initial gloss values at 20 acc. to DIN EN ISO 2813 are to be documented.
The applicable value is the mean value calculated from nine values measured transverse to
the expected scratching direction.
(Note: haze is not applicable as a measuring quantity.)
A test run consisting of 10 double strokes is carried out without test plates.
Then the test plates are subjected to 10 double strokes each.
After loading, the test plates are rinsed with cold DI water in order to remove quartz powder re-
sidues.
Then the plates are carefully dried using a non-scratching paper towel and cleaned with a mic-
rofiber cloth soaked in petroleum spirit in order to remove the abraded bristle material without
residues.
Within 2 hours after drying, the residual gloss is then measured at 20 acc. to DIN EN ISO
2813, transverse to the scratching direction. In the homogeneous area of the test plate, the
mean value is determined from nine individual measurements. At least 2 test plates per sam-
ple are to be measured.
The specimens are aged for 2 hours at 60 C in order to evaluate the reflow behavior. After
cooling to room temperature, the residual gloss is determined again.
Test report (Section 10 of DIN EN ISO 20566: 2007-01)
In order to consider the degree of wear of the brushes, the test report must also contain actual
and initial measured values of the reference panels in addition to the values of gloss and resi-
dual gloss after loading and reflow.
Cross-check of car wash lab apparatus (Section A.1 of DIN EN ISO 20566: 2007-01)
With each test, a reference plate must also be loaded in parallel which always remains in the
same position on the washing table, in order to check the washing brushes.
The brush must be exchanged after about 50 h of load.
Note: It is recommended to prepare a sufficient number of reference plates for the test duration
from standard production material. If new reference plates are required, their characteristics
must come as close as possible to those of the existent panels. Deviations must be considered
and documented.
As far as this is required by the particular task, deviations from this standard are possible subject to
documentation of the changes made.
4 Evaluation
The evaluation as compared to the reference values is done by calculating differences or quotients,
depending on the agreement with the entity granting the release.
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Issue PV 3.3.3: 2007-09

4.1 Evaluation based on calculation of differences
The following values must be given:
Initial gloss of sample G
A

Residual gloss after load G
E

Residual gloss after reflow G
R

Gloss difference of sample G
D sample =
G
A sample
G
E sample

Gloss difference of reference G
D reference =
G
A reference
G
E reference

Gloss loss compared to reference G
V reference =
G
D reference
G
D sample

Interpretation:
Comparative values for loss of gloss compared to reference G
V reference
=0
Sample and reference plate are equal regarding their resistance to automatic car wash treat-
ment.
Comparative values for loss of gloss compared to reference G
V reference
>0
The sample has a higher resistance to automatic car wash treatment than the reference.
Comparative values for loss of gloss compared to reference G
V reference
<0
The sample has a lower resistance to automatic car wash treatment than the reference.
4.2 Evaluation based on calculation of quotients
The following values must be given:
Initial gloss of sample G
A

Residual gloss after load G
E

Residual gloss after reflow G
R

Percentage of residual gloss after load G
E
[%] =(G
E
*100)/ G
A

Percentage of reflow after load G
R
[%] =(G
R
*100)/ G
A

Corresponding values for the reference plate G
E reference
and G
R reference

Comparative values for scratch resistance
V
E
=G
E
[%]/G
E reference
[%]

and

V
R
=G
R
[%]/G
R reference
[%]
Interpretation:
Comparative values for scratch resistance V
E
=1
Sample and reference plate are equal regarding their resistance to automatic car wash treat-
ment.
Comparative values for scratch resistance V
E
<1
The sample has a lower resistance to automatic car wash treatment than the reference.
Comparative values for scratch resistance V
E
>1
The sample has a higher resistance to automatic car wash treatment than the reference.
5 Referenced standards
The following documents cited in this standard are necessary for its application. In this Section,
terminological inconsistencies may occur as the original titles are used.
DIN EN 23270 Paints, Varnishes and their Raw Materials; Temperatures and Humidities for
Conditioning and Testing
DIN EN ISO 2813 Coating Materials; Determining the Reflectometer Value of Coatings (Exclu-
ding Metallic Coatings) below 20, 60 and 85
DIN EN ISO 20566 Paints and varnishes Determination of the Scratch Resistance of a Coating
System Using a Laboratory Car-Wash