DOS-III Fall 2013 L01 1

CE-403, Slot 10
Design of Structures-III
Prof. Alok Goyal
Civil Engineering Department
IIT Bombay
2
CE-403: Design of Structures-III
Prerequisites: DOS-I & DOS-II
Grading
Quiz-I 10, Mid-term 30, Quiz-II 20, Final 40
Hand-written notes allowed in all exams
DD >40 AA >80
No Partial Marking if TWO or more missed
classes
Indian Reference Books
Advanced Reinforced Concrete Design by P.C.
Varghese
Design of Steel Structures by N. Subramanian
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Design of Structures
Structural design is a process
To define Configuration and Composition
To determine form and geometric dimensions
To specify materials and their properties
Structural design should satisfy the
following constraints
Functional
Structural Integrity
Constructability
Economic
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Steps in Structural Design
Select Structural System
Preliminary Analysis
Proportioning members
Detailed Analysis
Evaluation
Functi onal Constrai nts Govern i n
defi ni ng confi gurati on
Loads need be speci fi ed
Sel ect Di mensi ons, detai l i ng and
material s
DL, LL, Wi nd and Earthquake Loads
Exact desi gn forces
Constructabi l ity
Compl i ance wi th provi si ons of
codes
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Structural System
Load Path for
Gravity Loads Dead & Imposed Loads
Lateral Loads Equivalent Earthquake & Wind
Loads
Each link in the load path need be
checked for structural integrity
Load Path should be direct and should not
interfere with functional requirements
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Structural Design Requirements
Safety (Structural Integrity)
Sufficient margins of safety to have an acceptable
low risk of collapse under possible overloads
during its design lifetime
Overloading to be considered in extreme
conditions of low probability
Serviceability
Deflections and story drifts should be within
acceptable limits
Durability
The widths of possible cracking and penetration
rate of unwarranted ions need be controlled
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It is important to understand
EXTREME loading conditions
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Structural Design Failure
Bhuj 2001 Earthquake
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Structural Design Failure
Bhuj 2001 Earthquake
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Structural Design Failure
Port Blair 2005 Earthquake
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Structural Design Failure
Port Blair 2005 Earthquake
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Structural Design Failure
Cyclone Olivia 1996
Photo Courtesy: Government of Australia
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Structural Design Failure
Cyclone Yasi 2011
Photo Courtesy: BrisbaneTimes
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Structural Design Failure
Cyclone Yasi 2011
Photo Courtesy: BrisbaneTimes
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Structural Design Failure
Mantralaya Fire 2012
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Structural Design Failure
Mantralaya Fire 2012
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Structural Design Failure
Mantralaya Fire 2012
17
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For engineers involved in
design of structures, the
construction process must be
understood and carefully
considered
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Structural Design Failure
Chourus Bridge 2013
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L
1
= 110 m L
2
= 40 m L
2
= 40 m
A
1 P
1
P
2
A
2
L
1
/ 4
U
13
-U
14
LOCATION
(a) ALL SPANS LOADED SUPPORTS AT A
1
, A
2
ENGAGED
L
1
= 110 m L
2
= 40 m L
2
= 40 m
A
1
P
1
P
2
A
2
L
1
/ 4
U
13
-U
14
LOCATION
(b) ALL SPANS LOADED SUPPORTS AT A
1
, A
2
DISENGAGED
Design Failure Analysi s
Chourus Bridge 2013
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Structural Design Failure
Chourus Bridge 2013
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L
1
= 110 m L
2
= 40 m L
2
= 40 m
A
1
P
1
P
2
A
2
L
1
/ 4
U
13
-U
14
LOCATION
(c) PART MID-SPAN LOADED WITH LIFTING AT ABUTMENTS
L
1
/ 4
L
1
= 110 m L
2
= 40 m L
2
= 40 m
A
1
P
1
P
2
A
2
L
1
/ 4
U
13
-U
14
LOCATION
(b) ALL SPANS LOADED SUPPORTS AT A
1
, A
2
DISENGAGED
Design Failure Analysi s
Chourus Bridge 2013
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Structural Design Failure
Chourus Bridge 2013
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The extreme loading
conditions can be understood
and carefully considered in the
design of structures
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Oil Pipeline
800 Mile long Trans-Alaska Oil Pipeline
passes over Denali-Fault
Pipeline designed for Magnitude 8.0
Earthquake with likely Fault movements
of 20 feet Horizontal and 5 feet Vertical
November 2002 Magnitude 7.9 Central
Alaska Earthquake displaced the
pipeline by 14 feet Horizontal and 2.5
feet Vertical
Pipeline remained function
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Trans-Alaska Oil Pipeline
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During 2002 Alaska
earthquake the pipeline was
displaced: 14 feet horizontal
and 2.5 feet vertical
Trans-Alaska Oil Pipeline
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Trans-Alaska Oil Pipeline
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Design Codes
Design codes help simplify the design
process by providing minimum requirements
Design codes make no attempt to specify the
best practice, although they usually attempt
to eliminate the most common mistakes
especiall y those involving safety
Codes used in RC Design of Buildings
IS: 456 (2000)
IS: 875 (1985) Parts I, II & III
IS: 1893 (2001)
IS: 13920 (1993)
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Limit State Design
A structure as a whole or in part is
considered to have reached its limit state,
when it becomes unfit for use, for one
reason or another, during its expected life
Various Limit States
Collapse Failure modes
Serviceability Deflections and Drifts
Durability Crack width and permeability
control