1

Amie Jane Dabu

High Income Project




























2
What is electronic dance music (EDM)?
EDM is a genre of music that is specifically composed and designed for non-stop dancing.
Although this relentless composition has been tested as an empirical and verifiable fact, actor
immersion in the experience of non-stop dancing defines its purpose failure to understand this
principle has led many to take EDM for what it is not (Ferreira, 2008). Moreover, it is a type of
popular music that is heavily reliant on technology for its production as well as its delivery
(Montano, 2010).

History of emergence and globalization
EDM is considered to be socio-culturally liberating in diverse ways and the culture has
manifested itself in clubs, communities, and regions of all shapes and sizes worldwide.
Historically in the United States, EDM first began to accumulate social interest and materialize
in cities such as New York and Chicago in the 1980s, which were locations that had strong
disco music and club followings. As a result, the music and scenes expanded beyond the
Midwest to locales such as Dallas, Los Angeles, and San Francisco (Farrugia, 2009). EDM and
its established culture continued to grow and subdivide throughout the 1990s in Europe and
North America, but since then, it has diffused to numerous non-Western localities. For instance,
an ethnographic study performed in Hong Kong on EDM and relevant club culture revealed that
the genre has been the dominating club music in Greater China since the early 2000s (Chew,
2011).

In the EDM scene, the DJs play a significant role by introducing and promoting music to EDM
listeners. Additionally, participants idealize DJs as artists who are completely free in decision-
making, presumably understand the concept of good music, and orient his or her performance
to the wishes of the client (Pfadenhauer, 2009). Depending on the exposure, DJs are
sometimes perceived as localized celebrities who are responsible for assembling entertaining
performances. It is also significant to note that DJs can perform because it is a hobby or part
time job, but a small percentage of them are successful at implementing this nightlife choice as
a profitable career.

The scene within the economy
Although the global EDM scene has been overlooked by academia, it has recently caught media
attention and already begun establishing economic value within the marketplace. For example,
the 2011 Electric Daisy Carnival, one of the largest annual EDM festivals in North America, was
held over a 3-day weekend at
the Las Vegas Motor Speedway
venue. Shortly after the
publicized 3-day event, studies
revealed that the thousands of
festival attendees generated
approximately $136 million for
the Clark County District.
Moreover, according to an
economic report released by
Beacon Economics, the festival
brought an estimated $8.9
million in tax revenue for the
state, which is the equivalent of
1,400 full-time jobs and $55
million in income for Clark
Photo of the main stage at the Electric Daisy Carnival, held at the Las Vegas
Motor Speedway
3
County employees (Ahmed, 2011). EDM listeners gather to listen to DJs play in spaces as small
as suburban houses to massive events that rival the numbers and hype behind Burning Man,
another large music festival that caters to a wider population of music fans.

Earlier this year, Beatport, the leading global online
brand for DJs and EDM fans, was recently acquired by
another large organization for an estimated $50 million.
The purchasers, SFX Entertainment, bought the music
site as part of the companys plan to build a $1 billion
dollar empire geared towards the EDM global scene
(Sisario, 2013). Based on historical facts and current
events, the global EDM scene will continue its presence
in the mainstream as well as underground.

The project target: the DJ
EDM events, regardless of attendee numbers, are made possible by the DJs who are
performing. However, the equipment and infrastructures that are necessary for DJs to perform
have a significant impact on the environment. As mentioned earlier, EDM heavily depends on
technology for the creation of songs as well as its delivery. Addressing the issue of sustainability
and climate change, there is a universal need for all high-income populations to significantly
reduce their consumption.

According to the theory of social construction of technology (SCOT), technological development
is the outcome of social interactions between relevant social groups and not necessarily as a
response to other conventional measurements, such as market demands and external shocks
(Olsen & Engen, 2007). This in turn can be applied to the technological artifacts designed
specifically for DJs, as the market for these users offers vast options of products, yet they
occupy an extremely small percentage of the general population. In addition, these complex
products pose environmental burdens primarily in the production phase due to the heavy
incorporation of integrated circuitry (Pioneer, 2012). Compared to everyday electronic products
such as a mobile phone or laptop, the use phase of these products are low because the
equipment was designed for one purpose to mix music. The equipment pieces lack multi-
functionality and the product semantics solely cater to the physical and emotional needs of the
performing DJ.

Pioneers line of DJ products will be used in this study, not only to
reflect real-world application, but also because their products set the
industry standard. In fact, the brand states on their line of DJ
products: For over 15 years, Pioneer DJ products have been
setting the industry standard, making them the premier choice for
professional DJs worldwide (Pioneer, 2013).

DJs of the EDM scene have to act in a specific manner that differs from the performance of a
hip-hop DJ because of the different cultures that come alongside the genres (Pfadenhauer,
2009). For instance, the tempo of hip-hop subgenres range around 60-100 beats per minute
(BPM) in contrast to EDM, which can range from 120-170 BPM. Additionally, EDM song lengths
are typically longer sometimes up to 7 or 8 minutes. Consequently, user needs vastly differ
based on individual habits acquired from specializing in distinctive genres.


4
THE SYSTEM IN ACTION:
Music
Acquisition
Music
Medium
i.e.: Beatport USB drive or CD
Interface
Set-up
(headphones)
HDJ-1000s
+
(turntabIes)
CDJ-2000s x2
Mixer + Speakers
R
E
S
E
A
R
C
H

B
O
U
N
D
A
R
Y





























As illustrated in the graphic above, DJs typically acquire their music through online hubs, such
as Beatport. The music is then transferred to a medium, such as a USB drive or CD, using a
laptop or computer. Then, these mediums are inserted or connected to turntables, which are
used alongside a mixer to assist in the manipulation of sound.

Project boundaries
This ecological design study will primarily focus on the following:
HDJ-1000s
Two DJ-2000s
CDs
USB drives
User medium-preference scenarios will be analyzed
Electricity consumption will also be analyzed

Product features, assumptions, and Okala impact factors

The information used for the CDJ-2000 and HDJ-1000 was acquired from the official Pioneer
website (Pioneer, 2013). The calculations and impact factors used for this study were taken
from the Okala Guide (White, St. PIerre, & Belletire, 2009).


5
System Assumptions
The DJ user:
The DJ user performs 3 times a week each performance is 1 hour
The DJ does not utilize a laptop for a performance and must mix by ear, or manually.
The DJ user is located in Phoenix, Arizona
The headphones:
It is estimated that the headphones will last 3 years
Headphones are used for 4 hours a week to account for the 3 1-hour performances and
an additional hour to search for new songs or material
Method of Okala bill of materials: disassembled the product and weighed each
component
Music mediums:
USBs and CDs are used by the DJ to play 3 sets in 1 week
CDs last 2 years (assuming after 2 years, the songs on the CD become obsolete to the
DJ and is disposed of)
USBs last 3 years to account for technological obsolescence
Method of Okala bill of materials:
- CD information was retrieved from a previously performed life cycle assessment
- USB was disassembled and each component was weighed
The turntables:
The turntable is estimated to last 10 years and will go through more than 1 owner, as
turntables are often sold to interested buyers via social networks or Craigslist before it is
considered for disposal
The turntables are owned by a club or venue, which is open 3 nights a week (Thursday,
Friday, Saturday), 4 hours a night (10 pm to 2 am).
Method of Okala bill of materials: referred to the service manual (Pioneer, 2011)
This system excludes the mixer and speakers (for sound)


Below is an example of how hours per lifetime calculations were performed for this study:

10 years x 52 weeks/year x 12 hours/week = 6,240 hours/lifetime

Below is an example of how ton-mile calculations were performed for this study:

15 lbs x 5,500 miles (from Tokyo to Los Angeles) x (1/2000) lbs/ton = 45 ton-miles

Below is the formula used to calculate impacts per hour for each product:

Total impacts
Total hours per lifetime









6
EIement MateriaI or Process Amount Unit
OkaIa
Factor Unit
OkaIa impact
miIipoint
Packaging Newsprint, primary (recyclable pulp) 1.7 flb 18 flb 30.6
Cardboard, primary 1.66 flb 9.9 flb 16.+3
Cables Copper, primary 0.525 flb 320 flb 8
Steel, primary 0.075 flb 25 flb 1.875
LDPE, primary 0.3 flb 1+ flb +.2
SBR elastomer 0.6 flb 18 flb 10.8
!nternal !ntegrated circuitry 3.0+2 flb 9600 flb 29203.2
Steel, primary 3 flb 25 flb 75
Steel rolling 2.+51 flb 2.5 flb 6.1275
Steel machining 0.5+9 flb 0.5+ flb 0.296+6
HDPE, primary 2.0+9 flb 12 flb 2+.588
!njection molding 2.0+9 flb 10 flb 20.+9
External HDPE, primary 1.5 flb 12 flb 18
!njection molding 1.5 flb 10 flb 15
Steel, primary 0.5+9 flb 25 flb 13.725
Steel rolling 0.5+9 flb 2.5 flb 1.3725
Transportation !ntercontinental air (Tokyo to LA) +1.25 fton-mi. 23 fton-mi. 9+8.75
Truck, 28-ton (LA to PHX) 3 fton-mi. 1.9 fton-mi. 5.7
Energy usage Electricity, average 17+.72 fkW-hr. 12 fkW-hr. 2096.6+
Landfill Newsprint, primary (recyclable pulp) 1.7 flb 36 flb 61.2
Cardboard, primary 1.66 flb 8.5 flb 1+.11
Copper, primary 0.525 flb 5000 (est) flb 2625
Steel, primary 3.62+ flb 8.5 flb 30.80+
LDPE, primary 0.3 flb 8.+ flb 2.52
SBR elastomer 0.6 flb 10 (est) flb 6
!ntegrated circuitry 3.0+2 flb 9000 (est) flb 27378
HDPE, primary 3.5+9 flb 8.+ flb 29.8116
!"!#$%"#&'
62648.24
TotaI Impacts/
Lifetime: Impacts per hour: 10.04
Product ProfiIe:
Pioneer CDJ-2000
Lifetime: 10 years
Power consumption: 28 w
Unit weight: 10.4 Ibs
Manufactured: Japan
Cost: $1,900








































7
Product ProfiIe:
Pioneer HDJ-1000
Lifetime: 3 years
Power consumption: 3.5 w
Unit weight: 9.5 oz (0.5375 Ibs)
Manufactured: China
Cost: $169
EIement MateriaI or Process Amount Unit
OkaIa
Factor Unit
OkaIa impact
miIipoint
Packaging LDPE, primary 0.312 flb 1+ flb +.368
Paper, brown primary 0.1 flb 9.1 flb 0.91
Cardboard, primary 0.556 flb 9.9 flb 5.50++
Carrying case PvC, flex, primary 0.082 flb 17 flb 1.39+
Cable Copper, primary 0.0732 flb 320 flb 23.+2+
LDPE, primary 0.026 flb 1+ flb 0.36+
SBR elastomer 0.0+39 flb 18 flb 0.7902
Gold, primary 0.0029 flb 180000 flb 522
!nternal !ntegrated circuitry 0.1865 flb 9600 flb 1790.+
Aluminum, primary 0.00+6 flb 130 flb 0.598
Steel, primary 0.065 flb 25 flb 1.625
Steel rolling 0.065 flb 2.5 flb 0.1625
External HDPE, primary 0.2+2 flb 12 flb 2.90+
!njection molding 0.2+2 flb 10 flb 2.+2
Steel, primary 0.0066 flb 25 flb 0.165
SBR elastomer 0.0335 flb 18 flb 0.603
Cotton fabric 0.0112 flb 17 flb 0.190+
PvC, flex, primary 0.0+5 flb 17 flb 0.765
Transportation !ntercontinental air (China to LA) 5.639 fton-mi. 23 fton-mi. 129.697
Truck, 28-ton (LA to PHX) 0.358 fton-mi. 1.9 fton-mi. 0.6802
Energy usage Electricity, average 2.18+ fkW-hr. 12 fkW-hr. 26.208
Landfill LDPE, primary 0.338 flb 8.+ flb 2.8392
Paper, brown primary 0.1 flb 36 flb 3.6
Cardboard, primary 0.556 flb 8.5 flb +.726
PvC, flex, primary 0.127 flb 5.3 flb 0.6731
Copper, primary 0.0732 flb 5000 (est) flb 366
SBR elastomer 0.077+ flb 10 (est) flb 0.77+
Gold, primary 0.0029 flb 100000 (est) flb 290
!ntegrated circuitry 0.1865 flb 9000 (est) flb 1678.5
Aluminum, primary 0.00+6 flb 1000 flb +.6
Steel, primary 0.0716 flb 8.5 flb 0.6086
HDPE, primary 0.2+2 flb 8.+ flb 2.0328
Cotton fabric 0.0112 flb 9 flb 0.1008
!"#$%#&'&
4869.63 Impacts per hour: 7.80
TotaI Impacts/
Lifetime:































8
Product ProfiIe:
Compact Disk
Lifetime: 2 years
Unit weight: 0.363 Ibs
Manufactured: Indiana
Cost: $0.26
Product ProfiIe:
16G USB
Lifetime: 3 years
Unit weight: 0.0172 Ibs
Manufactured: China
Cost: $12
EIement MateriaI or Process Amount Unit
OkaIa
Factor Unit
OkaIa impact
miIipoint
!"#$%&' !() +",-."/ 01232 456 23 456 721038
9:;<&',#: -#5$,:= 01232 456 70 456 2132
!5.>',& &.>< !!) +",-."/ 017?3 456 72 456 @10@8
!.&A.=,:= !.+<") +",-."/ 01027 456 77 456 012B7
C".:>+#"'.',#: C"%&A) @8D'#: E9F '# !GHI 01732 4'#:D-,1 71J 456 0120JK
L.:$M,55 !() +",-."/ 01232 456 7B E<>'I 456 ?108@
!!) +",-."/ 017?3 456 K1@ 456 717@2@
!.+<") +",-."/ 01027 456 23 456 71773
26.6979
26.7 Impacts per hour: 0.22
TotaI Impacts/
Lifetime:
EIement MateriaI or Process Amount Unit
OkaIa
Factor Unit
OkaIa impact
miIipoint
!.&A.=,:= LN!O) +",-."/ 01077 456 7B 456 017?B
!.+<") PQ,'< +",-."/ 01002 456 77 456 01022
9:'<":.5 9:'<=".'<$ &,"&%,'"/ 0100J@ 456 J300 456 8812@
OR'<":.5 GN!O) +",-."/ 0100KK 456 7@ 456 010J@B
9:;<&',#: -#5$,:= 0100KK 456 70 456 010KK
S'<<5) +",-."/ 01000@ 456 @? 456 0100?
S'<<5 "#55,:= 01000@ 456 @1? 456 01000?
C".:>+#"'.',#: 9:'<"&#:',:<:'.5 .," E(Q,:. '# LTI 010J83 4'#:D-,1 @2 4'#:D-,1 @1@3K8
C"%&A) @8D'#: ELT '# !GHI 01003@3 4'#:D-,1 71J 4'#:D-,1 010778JB
!"#$%&'' LN!O) +",-."/ 01077 456 81B 456 010J@B
!.+<") +",-."/ 01002 456 23 456 01708
9:'<=".'<$ &,"&%,'"/ 0100J@ 456 J000 E<>'I 456 8@18
GN!O) +",-."/ 0100KK 456 81B 456 0103B38
S'<<5) +",-."/ 01000@ 456 81? 456 01007K
174.028374
174.03 Impacts per hour: 0.37
TotaI Impacts/
Lifetime:
9
Total system
Okala impacts
per lifetime
Total system
Okala impacts
per hour
Headphones
4869.63 x 1 4869.63 7.8
USBs
174.03 x 2 348.06 0.74
Turntables
62648.24 x 2 125296.48 20.08
Total: 130514.2 28.62
Impacts per hour: 7.80
Total Impacts/
Lifetime:
Impacts per hour: 10.04
Total Impacts/
Lifetime:
Impacts per hour: 0.37
Total Impacts/
Lifetime:
Total system
Okala impacts
per lifetime
Total system
Okala impacts
per hour
Headphones
4869.63 x 1 4869.63 7.8
CDs
26.7 x 10 267 2.2
Turntables
62648.24 x 2 125296.48 20.08
Total: 130433.1 30.08
Impacts per hour: 7.80
Total Impacts/
Lifetime:
Impacts per hour: 0.22
Total Impacts/
Lifetime:
Impacts per hour: 10.04
Total Impacts/
Lifetime:
Comprehensive system analysis for the DJ user
The following two scenarios are analyzed and placed side by side according to similar music
memory volume for better comparison:
DJ user who prefers USBs as music medium
DJ user who prefers CDs as music medium

CD Preference: headphones + 2 USBs + 2 turntables













Cost: $3,993


USB Preference: headphones + 10 CDs + 2 turntables














Cost: $3,972


For better reference of larger system implications:
System energy consumption per hour: 59.5 W
Speaker energy consumption to provide sound to 1,500 sq. ft. venue per hour:
2 subwoofer + 4 speakers
1000 w (x2) + 800 w (x4) = 5200 W

Design solutions to lower environmental impacts of DJ user

10
Product ProfiIe:
Pioneer HDJ-1000 (Redesign)
Lifetime: 4 years
Power consumption: 3.5 w
Unit weight: 1.7548 Ibs
Manufactured: China
Cost: $200
Significant changes:
- WireIess with rechargabIe battery
- RetractabIe internaI music storage
device
- RoHS compIiant integrated circuitry
- ExcIusion of precious metaIs
- Longer Iifetime
EIement MateriaI or Process Amount Unit
OkaIa
Factor Unit
OkaIa impact
miIipoint
Packaging LDPE, primary 0.312 flb 1+ flb +.368
Paper, brown primary 0.1 flb 9.1 flb 0.91
Cardboard, primary 0.556 flb 9.9 flb 5.50++
Carrying case PvC, flex, primary 0.082 flb 17 flb 1.39+
!nternal !ntegrated circuitry, RoHS 0.2177 flb 9200 flb 2002.8+
Aluminum, primary 0.00+6 flb 130 flb 0.598
Steel, primary 0.0652 flb 25 flb 1.63
Steel rolling 0.0652 flb 2.5 flb 0.163
Battery, lithium-ion (rechargable) 1 fbattery 2.7 fbattery 2.7
Headphone jack HDPE, primary 0.0066 flb 12 flb 0.0792
!njection molding 0.0066 flb 10 flb 0.066
!ntegrated circuitry, RoHS 0.022 flb 9200 flb 202.+
Steel, primary 0.013 flb 25 flb 0.325
External HDPE, primary 0.2+2 flb 12 flb 2.90+
!njection molding 0.2+2 flb 10 flb 2.+2
Steel, primary 0.0066 flb 25 flb 0.165
SBR elastomer 0.0335 flb 18 flb 0.603
Cotton fabric 0.0112 flb 17 flb 0.190+
PvC, flex, primary 0.0+5 flb 17 flb 0.765
Transportation !ntercontinental air (China to LA) 5.527 fton-mi. 23 fton-mi. 127.121
Truck, 28-ton (LA to PHX) 0.351 fton-mi. 1.9 fton-mi. 0.6669
Energy usage Electricity, average 2.18+ fkW-hr. 12 fkW-hr. 26.208
Landfill LDPE, primary 0.312 flb 8.+ flb 2.6208
Paper, brown primary 0.1 flb 36 flb 3.6
Cardboard, primary 0.556 flb 8.5 flb +.726
PvC, flex, primary 0.127 flb 5.3 flb 0.6731
Copper, primary 0.0732 flb 5000 (est) flb 366
SBR elastomer 0.0335 flb 10 (est) flb 0.335
!ntegrated circuitry, RoHS 0.2397 flb 8000 (est) flb 1917.6
Aluminum, primary 0.00+6 flb 1000 flb +.6
Steel, primary 0.08+8 flb 8.5 flb 0.7208
HDPE, primary 0.2+86 flb 8.+ flb 2.0882+
Cotton fabric 0.0112 flb 9 flb 0.1008
!"#$%&#'"!
4687.1 Impacts per hour: 5.633 (2.2% reduction)
TotaI Impacts/
Lifetime:
Design solution # 1




11
Total system
Okala impacts
per lifetime
Total system
Okala impacts
per hour
CDJ 2000 Total impacts/hour: 10.04 Total impacts/lifetime: 62648.24 x2 125296.48 20.08
HDJ 1000 Total impacts/hour: 7.80 Total impacts/lifetime: 4869.63 x1 4869.63 7.8
CD Total impacts/hour: 0.22 Total impacts/lifetime: 26.7 x10 267 2.2
System
total 130433.11 30.08
CDJ 2000 Total impacts/hour: 10.04 Total impacts/lifetime: 62648.24 x2 125296.48 20.08
HDJ 1000 Total impacts/hour: 7.80 Total impacts/lifetime: 4869.63 x1 4869.63 7.8
USB Total impacts/hour: 0.37 Total impacts/lifetime: 174.03 x2 348.06 0.74
System
total 130514.17 28.62
CDJ 2000 Total impacts/hour: 10.04 Total impacts/lifetime: 62648.24 x2 125296.48 20.08
HDJ 1000 (Redesign) Total impacts/hour: 5.633 Total impacts/lifetime: 4687.1 x1 4687.1 5.633
System
total 129983.58 25.713
CD Preference
USB Preference
Redesign Preference
Multi-functionality and wireless features
Compared to the original (or reference) system, the proposed redesign of the HDJ-1000s offers
the DJ user a multi-functional product, eliminating the need to buy separate music mediums as
well as keep track of these items during the performance. The headphones feature a retractable
USB component for easy plug-in to a laptop or desktop computer for music management and
recharge. The product has been redesigned for full built-in data storage and for wireless syncing
to the CDJ turntables CDJ-2000s on todays market are already capable to sync wirelessly to
each other (Pioneer, 2011). In addition to these conveniences, the removal of chords allows for
increased freedom of movement and less wear and tear.

Comparison of systems
These redesigns also intentionally reshape user behavior and will improve product lifetime. By
providing this multifunctional product, it is also fulfilling additional user needs which in turn,
replace the consumers need to purchase more products.




































12
EIement MateriaI or Process Amount Unit
OkaIa
Factor Unit
OkaIa impact
miIipoint
Packaging Newsprint, primary (recyclable pulp) 1.7 flb 18 flb 30.6
Cardboard, primary 1.66 flb 9.9 flb 16.+3
Cables Copper, primary 0.525 flb 320 flb 8
Steel, primary 0.075 flb 25 flb 1.875
LDPE, primary 0.3 flb 1+ flb +.2
SBR elastomer 0.6 flb 18 flb 10.8
!nternal !ntegrated circuitry 2.7378 flb 9600 flb 26282.88
Steel, primary 2.85 flb 25 flb 71.25
Steel rolling 2.+51 flb 2.5 flb 6.1275
Steel machining 0.5+9 flb 0.5+ flb 0.296+6
HDPE, primary 2.0+9 flb 12 flb 2+.588
!njection molding 2.0+9 flb 10 flb 20.+9
External HDPE, primary 1.+25 flb 12 flb 17.1
!njection molding 1.+25 flb 10 flb 1+.25
Steel, primary 0.5+9 flb 25 flb 13.725
Steel rolling 0.5+9 flb 2.5 flb 1.3725
Transportation !ntercontinental air (Tokyo to LA) 39.7925 fton-mi. 23 fton-mi. 915.228075
Truck, 28-ton (LA to PHX) 2.89+ fton-mi. 1.9 fton-mi. 5.+986
Energy usage Electricity, average 17+.72 fkW-hr. 12 fkW-hr. 2096.6+
Landfill Newsprint, primary (recyclable pulp) 1.7 flb 36 flb 61.2
Cardboard, primary 1.66 flb 8.5 flb 1+.11
Takeback prog. Newsprint, primary (recyclable pulp) 1.7 flb 18 flb 30.6
Cardboard, primary 1.66 flb 9.9 flb 16.+3
Truck, 28-ton (PHX to LA) 2.89+ fton-mi. 1.9 fton-mi. 5.+986
!ntercontinental air (LA to Tokyo) 39.7925 fton-mi. 23 fton-mi. 915.228075
!"#$%&%'($
30584.4
Impacts per hour: 4.90 (approx. 50%
reduction)
TotaI Impacts/
Lifetime:
Product ProfiIe:
Pioneer CDJ-2000 ecoEdition
Lifetime: 10 years
Power consumption: 28 w
Unit weight: 14.47 Ibs
Manufactured: Japan
Cost: $2,300
Significant changes:
- EIimination of unnecessary
functions
- ImpIementation of take-back
program
- Rearrangement of interface
- SmaIIer, 10% more efficient
integrated circuitry

After
Before

Design solution #2






13
Total system
Okala impacts
per lifetime
Total system
Okala impacts
per hour
CDJ 2000 Total impacts/hour: 10.04 Total impacts/lifetime: 62648.24 x2 125296.48 20.08
HDJ 1000 Total impacts/hour: 7.80 Total impacts/lifetime: 4869.63 x1 4869.63 7.8
CD Total impacts/hour: 0.22 Total impacts/lifetime: 26.7 x10 267 2.2
System
total 130433.11 30.08
CDJ 2000 Total impacts/hour: 10.04 Total impacts/lifetime: 62648.24 x2 125296.48 20.08
HDJ 1000 Total impacts/hour: 7.80 Total impacts/lifetime: 4869.63 x1 4869.63 7.8
USB Total impacts/hour: 0.37 Total impacts/lifetime: 174.03 x2 348.06 0.74
System
total 130514.17 28.62
CDJ 2000 (redesign) Total impacts/hour: 4.90 Total impacts/lifetime: 30584.4 x2 61168.8 9.8
HDJ 1000 Total impacts/hour: 7.80 Total impacts/lifetime: 4869.63 x1 4869.63 7.8
CD Total impacts/hour: 0.22 Total impacts/lifetime: 26.7 x10 267 2.2
System
total 66305.43 19.8
CDJ 2000 (redesign) Total impacts/hour: 4.90 Total impacts/lifetime: 30584.4 x2 61168.8 9.8
HDJ 1000 Total impacts/hour: 7.80 Total impacts/lifetime: 4869.63 x1 4869.63 7.8
USB Total impacts/hour: 0.37 Total impacts/lifetime: 174.03 x2 348.06 0.74
System
total 66386.49 18.34
CD Preference
USB Preference
USB Preference
CD Preference
Pioneers commitment to sustainability
This second proposed solution would significantly contribute to Pioneers preexisting
environmental initiatives (Pioneer, 2012). The major trade-off would be the significant increase
in price for the product, but the additional money spent can go towards the implementation of
the take-back program. The take-back program will refurbish or reuse cables, steel parts,
external hard plastics, and dispose of rest in a more environmentally benign manner compared
to land filling. If the proposed take-back program were to be initiated across all Pioneer
products, the total reduction in the corporations overall environmental impacts would be
tremendous.

Material efficiency
With a proactive project schedule and increase in project funding, designers can work with
electrical engineers to redesign and compress the integrated circuitry resulting in a 10%
reduction. In addition, attention was paid to the user interface, reducing clutter and eliminating
redundant or unnecessary functions (which are usually addressed during the music
management phases prior to performance anyway). Material efficiency for this redesign
ultimately led to the reduction of overall weight.

































14
CDJ Headphones Mediums Equations Total
CD user preference $1,900 $169 $0.26 (1900)*2+169+(.26)*10 $3,971.60
USB user preference $1,900 $169 $12.00 (1900)*2+169+(12)*2 $3,993
Headphone redesign $1,900 $200 $0 (1900)*2+200 $4,000
CDJ redesign (CD) $2,300 $169 $0.26 (2300)*2+169+(.26)*10 $4,771.60
CDJ redesign (USB) $2,300 $169 $12.00 (2300)*2+169+(12)*2 $4,793.00
System redesign $2,300 $200 $0 (2300)*2+200 $4,800
Price Price/hour Price/ year
Headphones $169
169/((4hours/week)*52(weeks/year)*3
(years/life))=$0.27 169/3(years/life)=$56.33
Headphones (redesign) $200
200/((4hours/week)*52(weeks/year)*4
(years/life))=$0.24 200/4(years/life)=$50.00
CDJ $1,900
1900/((12hours/week)*52(weeks/year)
*10(years/life))=$0.30 1900/10(years/life)=$190.00
CDJ (redesign) $2,300
2300/((12hours/week)*52(weeks/year)
*10(years/life))=$0.36 2300/4(years/life)=$230.00

Conclusion: economic comparisons
Although the end of the products destiny is up to the user, a cost-comparison of the system is
given below:













15
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