Whites, EE 481 Lecture 8 Page 3 of 8

With this location of the stub, the transformed load admittance

has a real part = Y
0
, which is almost a matched state. In general,
however, this transformed Y
L
will also have an imaginary part B.
The length of the stub, l
s
, is chosen so that its input susceptance
s
B B. Consequently, the parallel combination of the stub
input susceptance and the transformed load admittance yield an
input admittance
in 0
Y Y , as seen from the source end of the TL.
As shown in the text, this second condition provides the
solutions
1 0
1
tan
2
s
l Y
B
short-circuit stub (5.11b),(4)
or
1
0
1
tan
2
o
l B
Y
open-circuit stub (5.11a),(5)
where B is the transformed load susceptance at z = -d. Lengths
of TL that are integer multiples of /2 can be added or
subtracted from (2), (4), and (5) without altering the tuning.
Example N8.1: Match the load 35 47.5
L
Z j to a TL with
0
50 Z using a shunt, short-circuited, single-stub tuner.
Whites, EE 481 Lecture 8 Page 4 of 8
Single-Stub Tuning Using the Smith Chart
We will now solve the single-stub tuner problem using the
Smith chart. In terms of quantities normalized to the
characteristic impedance or admittance, the geometry is
Whites, EE 481 Lecture 8 Page 5 of 8
Recall that the operation of the single-stub tuner requires that
1. A distance d is chosen such that
1
y has a real part = 1.
2. The imaginary part of
1
y is negated by the stub
susceptance after choosing the proper length
s
l .
This produces y
in
= 1, which is the matched state.
We can perform these steps using only the Smith chart as our
calculator. This process will be illustrated by an example.
Example N8.2: Using the Smith chart, design a shorted shunt,
single-stub tuner to match the load 35 47.5
L
Z j to a TL
with characteristic impedance
0
50 Z .
The normalized load impedance and admittance are:
0.70 0.95
L
z j p.u. and 0.50 0.68
L
y j p.u.S.
Whites, EE 481 Lecture 8 Page 6 of 8
Steps:
1. Locate 0.50 0.68
L
y j p.u.S. on the Smith admittance
chart. (See the chart on the next page.)
2. Draw the constant VSWR circle using a compass.
3. Draw the line segment from the origin to
L
y . Rotate this
vector towards the source until it intersects the unit
conductance circle. Along this circle 1 e y z .
This is really the intersection of the constant VSWR circle
for this load with the unit conductance circle.
There will be two solutions. Both of these give
1 1
1 y jb .
For this example, we find from the Smith chart that
(I)
1
1 1.2 y j
(II)
1
1 1.2 y j
4. From these rotations we can compute d as
(I) 0.168 0.109 0.059 d
(II) 0.332 0.109 0.223 d
5. Next, find the stub lengths
s
l :
(I) want 1.2
s
b
(II) want 1.2
s
b
When either of these two susceptances is added to
1
y , then
in
1 y .
Whites, EE 481 Lecture 8 Page 7 of 8
The stub lengths can be determined directly from the Smith
chart. Consider the shorted stub
l
s
Y
0
, y
L
=
Whites, EE 481 Lecture 8 Page 8 of 8
On the Smith admittance chart,
L
y is located at
1 e , 0 m . From there, rotate wavelengths
towards generator to:
(I) 1.2 0.361 0.25 0.111
s s
b l
(II) 1.2 0.25 0.139 0.389
s s
b l
Thats it. The final two solutions are:
(I) 0.059 d and 0.111
s
l
(II) 0.223 d and 0.389
s
l
Compare these Smith chart solutions with the analytical ones we
obtained earlier in Example N8.1.