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The Man He Killed

Summary and Analysis


ThomasHardy
ThomasHardy'spoem'TheManHeKilled'focusesonthesenselessnessandfutilityofwar,
whereamanhaskilledanotherquitesimplybecausetheywerefightingonopposingsidesina
war.Writteninthefirstpersonfromthestandpointofoneofthesoldiers,thefirststanza
expressestheideathatthetwomenwhofoughtwould,hadtheyinothercircumstancesmet
eachotheroutsideapub,haveenjoyedafewdrinks('rightmanyanipperkin')together.Yetit
becomesclearinthesecondstanzathattheyinfactmetasfootsoldiersonopposingsidesina
battle,andbeingconfrontedwitheachother,onehadtodie.Thetwomenshotateachother,
andthenarrator'sshotfatallyinjuredtheotherman.Thewriterfaltersattheendoftheopening
lineofthethirdstanzaashetriestojustifieshisaction.Repeatingtheword'because',hestates
thathehadtokilltheothersoldiersincehewashisenemy.Thethirdlineofthisstanzafeatures
morerepetition,thistimeoftheword'foe'(enemy)theuseofphrasessuchas'Justso'and'of
course'suggestthatthenarratoristryingtoconvincehimselfthathisactionwasinevitable.The
stanza,however,endswiththeword'although',tellingusthatthewriterisnotinfactateasewith
theideathathehaskilledhisenemy.Usingenjambmenttolinktothefourthstanza,thenarrator
reflectsonthefactthatthesoldierhekilledprobablydecidedtojointhearmy('listisshortfor
enlist)becausehehadnoworkandhadsoldhisbelongings.Thenarratorunderstandsthis,
havingbeeninasimilarsituationhimselfandhavingfoundhimselfwithnoalternativebuttojoin
thearmy.Itwasnotapositivedecision,butalastresortwhentherewerenootheroptions.The
finalstanzareiteratesthemainthemeofthepoem,thatwarisastrangephenomenonbecause
asoldierfindshimselfforcedtokillamanthathewouldotherwisehaveboughtadrinkfororlent
moneyto,hadtheymetintimesofpeace.'Halfacrown'istheoldBritishmoney,worthabout
twelveandahalfpenceintoday'scurrency.In1902thatwouldofcoursehavehadconsiderably
morevaluethanitdoesjustoveronehundredyearslater.Thepoemiswrittenina
conversationaltone,withspeechmarksincluded,makingusfeelthatthesoldierisaddressing
uspersonallyinaninformalway,andpleadingwithustounderstandhisactioninkillinghis
enemy.Thelanguageisverystraightforwardandeasytocomprehendwiththeexceptionoftwo
orthreewords.Therearefivestanzas,eachoffourlines,allofwhichareinsettoacertain
degreeotherthanthethirdineachstanza,creatingaregularpatternonthepage.Therhyme
schemeandrhythmarealsoregularandgivethepoemquiteafastpace.Itiseasytoappreciate
thispoemandtoidentifywiththesoldierandhisfeelings,sympathizingwithhispredicamentand
sensingthatheregretshavinghadtokillhisenemy.Weunderstandthatindividualsoldiersdo
notnecessarilynurturehatredforthosetheyarefightingagainst,butseethemashumanbeings
incircumstancessimilartotheirown,enlistinginordertoearnmoneyandsupportafamily.But
whenfacingeachotheratcloserange,therealityofwarkicksinandoneofthemmustkillthe
other.Thenarratorhereknowsthathecouldeasilyhavebeentheonetodie.Theideathatwar
isnonsensicalwhenseenatthelevelofordinaryhumanbeingswhoareobligedtocarryout
ordersisevidentthroughoutthepoem.

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