Portable Emission Measurement

System (PEMS)
Dr. Jesse Tu
In-Use Retrofit Section
California Environmental Protection Agency
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Purpose of PEMS Testing

To Evaluate Performance of After-treatment Devices On Off-
Road / On-Road Equipments
To Compare On/Off Road Measurement with Engine
Dynamometer Measurements
To Evaluate Possibility of Measuring PM Using Durable and
Low Cost Instruments
To Evaluate Different Techniques of Real Time Particulate
Measurements
To Establish a Standard Test Cycle in Order to Evaluate the
Performance of Retrofit Device
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Real-Time Measurement

Continuous and accurate measurement of gaseous emissions
(NO, NO
2
, CO, CO
2
, THC)
PM mass measurement using a number of methods
(gravimetric, charging and electrical detection, and laser
photometer)
Accurate measurement of vehicle exhaust flow rate from either
the Engine Electronic Control Module (ECM) and/or the vehicle
exhaust tail pipe using Exhaust Flow Meter (EFM)
Real-time monitoring of atmospheric conditions and location of
equipment using Global Positioning System (GPS)
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California Environmental Protection Agency
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PEMS Systematic Flow Diagram
DustTrak
Diluter
Filter
Other PM Devices
Diluter
DustTrak
Filter
Other PM Devices
Exhaust
DPF
Exhaust Flow Meter
Exhaust
Exhaust
Signal
Gas Analyzer
PM #1 PM #2
ECM
GPS
On-Board
Control System
Remote Controller
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Prototype CARBs PEMS
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Emission Test Equipment
Emissions:
THC, NO, NO
2
, CO, CO
2
, PM

Test Equipments:
PEMS, PPMD, DustTrak, ETaPS,
CPC, DMM, DiSC


PEMS
PPMD
DMM
DiSC
CPC
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PEMS Test in Lab
Compare PEMS Tests with
Engine Dynamometer
Measurements
Vehicle: 2009 GMC Acadia
(3.6L V6 SIDI gasoline engine)
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PEMS On-Road Testing
Location: El Monte, California
Vehicle: Ford F150 XL (1997 5.4 L Ford Engine)
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PEMS On-Road Testing
Route: Between El Monte, CA and Baker, CA
Vehicle: 2010 Dodge D5500 (6.7 L Cummins ISB engine)
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PEMS On-Road Testing
Location: Santa Monica, CA
Vehicle: Big Blue Bus (8.5 L Detroit Diesel
Series 50 engine with Cleaire DPF)
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PEMS On-Road Testing
Location: UC Riverside, CA
Vehicle: Trash Truck (2004 11.9 L MACK
ASET A1-350 engine)
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PEMS On-Road Testing
Location: San Francisco, CA
Vehicle: Freightliner FL70 (2000 Cummins ISC 315 8.3 L
315 HP engine with Huss Diesel Particulate Filter System)
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PEMS On-Road Testing
Location: San Francisco, CA
Vehicle: Freightliner FL80 (2000 Cummins ISC 315 8.3 L 315
HP engine with Huss Dual DPF System)
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PEMS Off-Road Testing
Location: Dockweiler Beach, CA
Vehicle: John Deere 7520 Tractor (2006 John Deere 6.8 L
125 HP engine with ESW Therma Cat DPF System)
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PEMS Off-Road Testing
Location: Long Beach, CA
Vehicle: John Deere 7630 Tractor (2007 John Deere 6.8 L
140 HP engine with DPF System)
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PEMS Off-Road Testing
Location: Whittier, CA
Vehicle: Caterpillar 657E Scraper (2000 CAT 3408E 18.0 L
457 HP engine with DPF/FBC System)
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PEMS Off-Road Testing
Location: Whittier, CA
Vehicle: Komatsu Excavator (1999 Komatsu 10.5 L 232 HP
engine with Rypos Hybrid Diesel Particulate Filter System)
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PEMS Off-Road Testing
Location: Baldwin Park, CA
Vehicle: Caterpillar 966G Loader (2000 CAT 3306 10.5 L
270 HP engine with Cleaire All Metal DPF System)
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PEMS Off-Road Testing
Location: Lucerne Valley, CA
Vehicle: Caterpillar 980G Loader (2006 CAT 3406C 14.6 L
325 HP engine with Huss Dual DPF System)
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Recommended Future Improvement

Improve Communication Capability Between Vehicle Interface
and PEMS System (More engine operation parameters can be
added into PEMS)
Add RPM Sensor as an Alternative to Evaluate Emissions in
g/bhp-hr (If vehicle interface can not communicate with PEMS)
Improve Wireless Remote Control on PEMS (Wireless remote
control disconnected from PEMS sometimes)
Correct Some Issues of PEMS During Operations (New PEMS
design will eliminate some running issues and better control
options)

Contact Information

Jesse Tu
(626) 350-6495
stu@arb.ca.gov

Website: http://www.arb.ca.gov/diesel/showcase/showcase.htm
Johnny Karim, Manager (626) 459-4303, jkarim@arb.ca.gov


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