Generic Name Co-Amoxiclav

Brand Name Augmentin, Clavamox, TyclavAmoclav

Dosage & Route Oral (Children) < 1 yr 2.5 mL (1/2 tsp) of 228.5 mg/5 mL, 1 to 6 yrs
2.5 mL (1/2 tsp) of 457 mg/5 mL, 6 to 12 yrs10 to 20 mL (2 to 4 tsp) of 228.5 mg/5 mL
Action Antibiotic
Mechanism of Action Clavulanic acid has negligible intrinsic antimicrobial activity,
despite sharing the -lactam ring that is characteristic of -lactam antibiotics. However,
the similarity in chemical structure allows the molecule to interact with the enzyme -
lactamase secreted by certain bacteria to confer resistance to -lactam antibiotics.
Clavulanic acid is a suicide inhibitor, covalently bonding to a serine residue in the active
site of the -lactamase. This restructures the clavulanic acid molecule, creating a much
more reactive species that is attacked by another amino acid in the active site,
permanently inactivating it, and thus inactivating the enzyme.
This inhibition restores the antimicrobial activity of -lactam antibiotics against
lactamase-secreting resistant bacteria. Despite this, some bacterial strains that are
resistant even to such combinations have emerged.
Adverse Effects Hepatitis, Cholestatic jaundice, Erythema multiforme (including
Stevens-Johnson syndrome), Toxic epidermal necrolysis, Exfoliative dermatitis,
Vasculitis, Dizziness, Headache, Convulsions (especially in high doses or in renal
impairment), Superficial teeth staining when using the suspension.
Nursing Responsibility
Assess bowel pattern before and during treatment as pseudomembranous colitis
may occur.
Report haematuria or oliguria as high doses can be nephrotoxic.
Assess respiratory status.
Observe for anaphylaxis.
Ensure that the patient has adequate fluid intake during any diarrhoea attack.






Generic Name Ambrolex

Brand Name Ambosil, Amboten, Ambrosol, Acebrofillin,

Dosage & Route PO Children >12 yr 1 tab tid. Retard Capsule Adult and Children >12
yr 1 cap dail y SyrupAdult and children > 12 yr 1-2 tsp tid. 6 12 yr 1 tsp bid-
tid, 2-6 yr tsp bid infant drops. Children 13-24 months 1 mL bid. 7 -
12months 0.75 mL bid, < 6 months 0.5 mL bid

Action Antiasthmatic, Mucolytic
Mechanism of Action Mucolytic which changes the structure of Bronchial secretions by
reduction and fragmentation of the Mucopolysaccharide fibers, leading to reduce
viscosity of Mucous, thus expectoration is facilitated.
Adverse Effects Mild GI side effects, Rash
Nursing Responsibility
Instruct the patient or caretakers to report any difficulties with breathing or
clearing the airways.
Advice patient to drink plenty of fluids, particularly hot fluids to facilitate moist
air passages
Advice patient to refrain from things that can irritate the throat such as smoke