Statically Indeterminate Beams

We can use the same method that we

used for deflection to analyze statically
indeterminate beams
Deflection – Part 2

Blessed are they who can laugh at

themselves for they shall never cease
to be amused.

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2002 Meeting Thirty Five 2

Statically Indeterminate Beams Statically Indeterminate Beams

If we start with a beam loaded as shown If we remove the supports and look at the
n The left end is supported as a fixed end reactions we have
support
n The right end is supported on a roller
MA w0

w0
Ax A B

A B Ay L By
L

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 Statically Indeterminate Beams Statically Indeterminate Beams
We have four unknowns and three We use up one of those conditions solving
equilibrium conditions for Ax = 0

MA w0 MA w0

Ax A B A B

Ay L By Ay L By

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Statically Indeterminate Beams Statically Indeterminate Beams

We still have three unknown reactions and We can reduce the distributed load to a
only two equilibrium conditions to solve for point load but that probably won’t help
them much
MA w0 MA w0

A B A B

Ay L By Ay L By

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 Statically Indeterminate Beams Statically Indeterminate Beams
We do know the loading rate on the beam From that we can look at the change in the
so we can start from that shear across the beam
w ( x ) = w0
w ( x ) = w0 dV
= −w ( x ) = − w0
MA MA
dx
w0 w0

A B A B

Ay L By Ay L By

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Statically Indeterminate Beams Statically Indeterminate Beams

Integrating to find the shear at any We have two possible boundary conditions
distance into the beam we have that we can use to solve for C1

V ( x ) = −w0 x + C1
V ( x ) = −w0 x + C1
at x = 0,V = A y and x = L, V = −B y
MA w0 MA w0

A B A B

Ay L By Ay L By

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 Statically Indeterminate Beams Statically Indeterminate Beams
Using the left hand boundary condition we So our expression for the shear is
have
V ( x ) = − w0 x + C1
V ( x ) = −w0 x + Ay
V (0) = Ay = −w0 ( 0) + C1

MA 1
C = Ay MA
w0 w0

A B A B

Ay L By Ay L By

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Statically Indeterminate Beams Statically Indeterminate Beams

If we now utilize the expression for the We can use our boundary condition again
shear to develop the expression for the to solve for C2 M A w0

moment at any x we have A B

w0 x 2
M ( x) = −
L

V ( x ) = − w0 x + Ay + Ay x + C2
Ay By

MA w0
2 Notice that the sign
at x = 0,M = −M A of MA is negative.
= V ( x ) = − w0 x + Ay
dM
A B This is due to the
w0 ( 0 )
dx 2
fact that we are
w x2 L M ( 0) = − M A = − ( )
+ Ay 0 + C2directing our y -axis
M ( x ) = − 0 + Ay x + C2
Ay By
2
2 downward so a
− M A = C2 positive moment will
be into the page or
CW. (i cross j) =
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 Statically Indeterminate Beams Statically Indeterminate Beams
So our expression for the moment at any We can continue with the process utilizing
point in the beam is M A w0 our slope equation
A B

Ay L By

w x2
M ( x ) = − 0 + Ay x − M A
MA w0

2 w x2
M ( x ) = − 0 + Ay x − M A
A B

2 Ay L By

dθ
=−
M ( x )
dx EI

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Statically Indeterminate Beams Statically Indeterminate Beams

An easier to use form can be generated by Integrating for the slope we have
multiplying both sides by EI and taking the
negative sign inside of the expression for
the moment
MA w0 MA w0

A B A B

dθ w x2 Ay L By Ay L By
EI = + 0 − Ay x + M A
dx 2 3
A x2
EIθ ( x ) = +
w0 x
− y + M A x + C3
6 2

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 Statically Indeterminate Beams Statically Indeterminate Beams
We have a boundary condition that we can So the slope equation has the form
utilize here to solve for C3
At the support at A, the slope is equal to 0
MA w0
3
A x2 MA

EIθ ( x ) = +
w0
w0 x
A B − y + M Ax
2 6 2 A B
w0 x 3 Ay x
EIθ ( x ) = +
Ay L By
− + M A x + C3 Ay L By

6 2
w0 ( 0 ) Ay (0 )
3 2

EIθ (0 ) = 0 = + − + M A ( 0) + C3
6 2
0=C 3 November 20,
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Statically Indeterminate Beams Statically Indeterminate Beams

Finally utilizing the deflection relationship Utilizing our boundary condition at the
we have support at A to solve for C4
At the support we have a deflection of 0

MA w0 MA w0

A B A B
dv
θ ( x) =
3
w0 x4 Ay x M x2
EIv ( x ) = +
Ay L By Ay L By
− + A + C4
dx 24 6 2
w0 (0 ) Ay ( 0) M A ( 0)
3 4 3 2
w0 x 4 Ay x M x2
EIv ( x ) = + − + A + C4 EIv ( 0 ) = 0 = +
24
−
6
+
2
+C 4
24 6 2
0 = C4
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 Statically Indeterminate Beams Statically Indeterminate Beams
So our final form for the deflection is There are actually still two boundary
conditions that we know but we haven’t
used M A w0

At x = L, M=0 A B
MA
At x = L, v =0
w0
A L By
y

A B
3
w0 x 4 Ay x M x2
EIv ( x ) = +
Ay L By

3
− + A
w0 x 4 Ay x M x2 24 6 2
EIv ( x ) = + − + A 2
wx
24 6 2 M ( x ) = − 0 + Ay x − M A
2
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Statically Indeterminate Beams Statically Indeterminate Beams

If we use these two conditions in the Working on the math MA w0

expression below, we will have two Ay

A

L
B

By

equations with two unknowns

At x = L, M=0 M A w0
w0 L2 Ay L
At x = L, v =0 A B
0=+ − + MA
Ay L By
12 3
w0 ( L )
2
w0 ( L ) Ay ( L ) M A ( L) + Ay ( L ) − M A
4 3 2

EIv ( L ) = 0 = + − + 0=−
24 6 2 2
w0 ( L )
2

M ( L) = 0 = − + Ay ( L) − M A
2
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 Statically Indeterminate Beams Statically Indeterminate Beams
Adding the equations together MA w0 Substituting the Ay into the second
Ay
A

L
B

By
equation we have
MA w0

w0 ( L )
2 A B

+ Ay ( L ) − M A
L

0=−
Ay By

5 w L2 2 Ay L
0=− 0 + 2
12 3
w0 ( L )
2
5 w0 L
( L) − MA
2
Ay =
5w0 L 3
= 0
5w L 0=− +
12 2 L 8 2 8
w L2 5 w L2 w L2
MA = − 0 + 0 = 0
2 8 8
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Statically Indeterminate Beams Boundary Conditions

You can substitute the values for MA and If you can write the expressions for the
Ay in to the expressions for slope and loading, shear, moment, slope, and
deflection deflection you have very powerful tools for
You can also solve for By using the solving indeterminate structures
equilibrium expression To be able to use these tools you must be
MA w0 able to identify the boundary conditions
Ay
A

L
B

By
that can be used
MA w0

2 2 2
w L 5w L wL A B

MA = − 0 + 0 = 0 Ay L By

2 8 8
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8
 Boundary Conditions
If you are at a fixed end support
n The slope (θ ) is equal to 0
n The deflection (v) is equal to 0
If you are at a pin or roller
n The deflection (v) is equal to 0
n The moment (M) is equal to 0
MA
A B
Boundary Conditions
If you are at a point in a beam where two
solutions meet
n The slope (θ ) from one direction is equal to
the slope from the other direction
n The deflection (v) from one direction is equal
to the deflection from the other direction
n The moment (M) from one direction is equal
w0 to the moment from the other direction
The shear (V) from one direction is equal to

Ay L By
n
the shear from the other direction

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Homework

9-2.1
9-2.4
9-2.7
In Class test next Wed

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