In okay I think it's time we welcome our speaker so I am Francis hellman chair the Physics Department

and I'd like to welcome all view to the region's lecture will
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lecture which is gonna be given today by
professor Sally Ride
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ot this lecture is made possible by the
Regents of the University of California
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and I want to extend my gratitude to the
region's lectureship committee headed by
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Professor John will teach
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as well as Chancellor boers know who's
sitting I here with us today
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and Dean Richards and there's various
other distinguished guests in the
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audience um so we're very
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excited to have such a the a great group
here on
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before I say anything else let me make
sure to remind everybody turn off your
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cell phones
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om and we also were gonna have a process
for asking questions so we'd like to
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limit with not have questions during
that during %uh professor rides talk
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but following other the her her lecture
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though there's a microphone right there
and we ask people to come up and get in
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line or whatever to
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to ask questions and I'll definitely
been nice long question and answer
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period at the end
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so um I into the lot a puck public
lectures but I it's very rare that I
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look out into the audience and see so
many young people and usually when I
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mean young people I mean undergraduates
but in this case I truly mean young

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people
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I am particularly young women so to see
so many young women at a a
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at a physics lecture is really very
exciting on it's not surprising we have
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ai
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a foot woman who I regard as a hero in
an icon a
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speaking to us today I'm so professor
ride was a native Los Angeles she went
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to school first and fourth quarter and
then went on to do decreed had to get
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her degrees
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accommodating in a PhD at Stanford
University
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on I doctor right is known to all of us
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as the first American woman asked not to
go into space but i wanna know that
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she's also known to me personally as a
friend and a colleague
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and somebody who's gone way beyond the
call of duty to foster the development
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of interest in the sciences
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on she is a truly remarkable individual
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after her PhD after receiving a PhD she
was selected for astronaut training and
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culminating and her two successful
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a space shuttle missions after the
challenger disaster
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on she was chosen to be a member of the
presidential commission investigating
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that disaster and
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obstacle offered the resulting report

she was then assigned to nasa

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headquarters a special assistant to the
administrator
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I was responsible for various reports
became the first director of nasa's
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officer space exploration
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she then and this is where I gots nomer
came for
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was spent 10 years at UC San Diego as
the professor during which time she
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created a program
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called kids at in which undergraduate
research students supervised by graduate
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students develop programs to enable
middle school students to take pictures
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from the space shuttle have locations
around the earth
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it's just a fantastic program that is

not that that this

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a my understanding is still going very
strong today an israeli
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on just a role model for this whole
sequence of love involvement all aged
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kids working with all other age kids and
Anna
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a great program up she's been a
memorable whole set above high level
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national committee's has served on the
boards as the congressional office of
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technology assessment
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I'm along with the I'm not gonna go into
but Asia
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truly distinguished om national and
international reputation
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she has she's on the border I've app
already in the MITRE Corporation a
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fellow of the American Physical Society

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currently serves on the board of the
Aerospace Corporation the cat and
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and of Caltech she is on up
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thing love this long list them thinking
what also want to mention is this really
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long left
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her many accomplishments over under
induction into the Women's Hall of Fame
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at the California Hall of Fame
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as well as the words such as the
jefferson Public Service Award and the
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National Space Flight metal
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on its it's really however her in trust
and focus on
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education that I want that I wanna mom's
friend is the minute introducing

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a her were where she had the things
she's created
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she's written numerous science books for
children and 2001 established a company
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known as a
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called imaginary lines but more commonly
known as Sally Ride science
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this is a company that creates science
programs including National Science
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Festival
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class from finance kids publications for
elementary middle school
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students with components for teachers
kids and parents
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so I think she is our you know she's a
woman who
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I is had just on the remarkable career
everything from

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arts really state-of-the-art a a science
research herself
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to this to the work she focuses on now
Dave in science and math education
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and so is on the topic a science and
math education along with her
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fascinating and inspiring career
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that's always going to speak to us this
evening and it's my great pleasure to
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welcome her
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a scientist a trailblazer and a friend
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thank you for answers
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I'm
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it's great to be here first ball and
it's good to see
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I so many so many faces and so many

97
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young faces as well when astronaut jim
lovell
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apollo thirteen fame was circling the
moon
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he looked back at earth and called our
planet a grand oasis in the great bass
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missus space
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thats extremely unusual eloquence for an
astronaut you can hear anymore that
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today what I would like to do though is
that
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at share a little bit my experiences
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in the space program tell you a little
bit more about how I got into the space
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program
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and and then a spend some time talking
about

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science education as as Francis noted
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that's my passion now that's when
spending essentially all of my time on
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now and it's a a a major problem for our
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for our country today as I'm sure most
you in the audience now
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a I was a graduate student at Stanford
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just a couple of months away from
finishing my PHD
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in physics housing a Stanford student
cafeteria
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one Tuesday morning about eight in the
morning
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reading the Stanford student newspaper
the Stanford daily
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and I still remember to this day opening
up the daily
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and seeing in the lower right hand
corner of page three
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the daily and add that nasa had put into
the Stanford student newspaper
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and student newspapers all around the
country saying that they were looking
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for applications for astronaut
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and the moment I saw that ad I knew
that's what I wanted to do I ripped it
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out in the newspaper and I literally
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applied that afternoon I'm turned out a
lot of other people did the same thing
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there are about eight thousand of us who
applied to that
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that opportunity and the reason that
there was such a large
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I'm applicant pool was that this was the
first time
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00:07:13,369 --> 00:07:17,439

actually over 10 years that now so was
accepting any astronauts at all
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and it was the first time that they were
admitting women
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into the astronaut corps and in fact
that's the reason that they
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they publicized in university newspapers
because
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they were smart enough to know that in
less they
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reached out and to where qualified women
would see
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the the announcement realize there was
an opportunity
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that they would never even find out
about the chance to apply
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to that apply to the program so eight
thousand Aversa
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applied to that program out ofthe that
group

137
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a nasa picked 35 us to be
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the first class a vaster not
specifically selected for
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that a the space shuttle program we were
to join their 20 or so astronauts that
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had been around
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in the astronaut corps for ten or
fifteen years since the
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that Mercury Gemini and Apollo programs
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that group of 35 is actually still
representative
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the astronaut class today and
representative what nasa's looking for
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in astronauts I'm our group of 35
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included not 15 astronauts with test
pilot backgrounds
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and 20 astronauts with science or
engineering backgrounds
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and that's common today today dr. shot
course limit less than 40 percent
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test pilot background astronauts into
and little over sixty percent
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scientists and engineers that group of
35 also included the first six women
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and today the astronaut corps is right
around 25 percent
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and women so at nasa
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and the astronaut corps have all come
come a long way and since that
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that first application since I'm
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speaking at a university I should I
should tell you that this
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at if nothing else illustrates that you
should read your student newspaper
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years never know what you're gonna see
in it
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I'm I should probably also tell this
group that
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without a doubt my father was the
happiest person on the planet when I was
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selected to be an astronaut
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my father didn't have a scientific bone
in his body
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he taught political science at a
community college in southern california
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he was about to have a daughter with a
PhD in astrophysics
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and my father didn't know what
astrophysics what's
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my father was not able to explain to his
friends when his daughter was about to
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do for a living
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and then became an astronaut and my
father's problems were over
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I'm he understood it he could explain it
all his friends he was a very happy man
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from from that point on well as soon as
I finish my PhD at pack my bags
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and move to Houston Texas along with all
the other members have our
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and new astronaut class houston is where
the johnson said
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Space Center is located that's where
astronauts go to live and work and
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and train and I got mine for my turn to
fly in space
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a my turn came first my first flight was
on the 7th fly to the space shuttle
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that was my first chance to strap into a
rocket
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on the launch pad and go from a standing
start

177
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to 17,500 miles an hour
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in eight-and-a-half really fast minutes
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and then a was the space shuttle's
engines cut off
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and we were in orbit around Earth it's
my first chance did
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unbuckle float weightless in the the
space shuttle
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weightlessness by the way something that
I recommend to all of you
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its it's just fun there's no other word
for it
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and then of course it was also my first
chance to float over the window
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and take a look down at the really
spectacular view
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love the earth below I'm I got to look
out to

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and see coral reefs off the coast of
Australia
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I can see glaciers and in the Himalayas
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I could CDF deforestation in the Amazon
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I'm like the smog over Los Angeles
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I could see the red roofs and Stanford
I'm which I which I look for I didn't
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look for Berkeley I apologize
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did did see Stanford and I thought that
what I do
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and for a few minutes anyway is
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try to share that perspective with you
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I learned a long time ago that whenever
an astronaut goes someplace to
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to speak if they don't bring pictures

198
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the trap door opens really quick and the
lectures over
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so I did bring some some photos up the
200
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a above the earth from space to try to
give you a sense
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the the different kinds of things that
you can see
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from space and that the perspective that
we've got
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I so I put this in just provide been in
space
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if you look out towards the horizon this
is the kind of perspective the GC
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commute the lights
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came new Casey that okay
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about getting the
208

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has at set that work okay good
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up to if you look off towards the
horizon this is the kind of perspective
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but you've got
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you can see a few hundred kilometers of
in any one direction you can see
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maybe a thousand kilometers off towards
the horizon this of course is Florida
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this is what Florida looks like to nest
on the space shuttle or the astronauts
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on the space station right now
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the shuttle in the station a fly in just
about the same orbit
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near lot of things that you can see in
this picture I'm
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a bank of clouds of the east coast to
the state
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if you look closely about half way up

the East Coast you'll see Cape Canaveral
219
00:12:56,500 --> 00:12:59,240
jutting out into the Atlantic Ocean
220
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you can see the different colors up blue
221
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the light blue above the water
surrounding the state just along the
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coast
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and that that's indicative in the
shallow water right near the coast in
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that water
225
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at gets to be a deeper blue as the water
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is becomes deeper their lot of other
things that you can see but one of the
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reasons that I put this in as its
228
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it it to provides a really good example
love one of the most striking sights
229

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a to an astronaut the first time here
she looks off towards the horizon
230
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take a look at the horizon
231
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you can see that right where earth fans
and space begins
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there's a really really thin royal blue
line that goes
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all the way across the horizon it almost
looks like to me somebody took a
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a sharp blue pink crayon
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and traced the horizon the earth that
the
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thin blue line is Earth's atmosphere
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that's all there is a bit that's all
that separates
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everything we know on our planet from
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00:14:02,928 --> 00:14:06,058
the vacuum the blackness the emptiness

have
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00:14:06,058 --> 00:14:10,019
space you know when you stand on earth
you look up it looks like beer goes on
241
00:14:10,019 --> 00:14:10,980
forever
242
00:14:10,980 --> 00:14:14,558
when you see it from this perspective
it's obvious how
243
00:14:14,558 --> 00:14:20,818
health in and how fragile the atmosphere
really is
244
00:14:20,818 --> 00:14:24,750
let me show you just a a few examples
the natural features that you can see
245
00:14:24,750 --> 00:14:27,509
this is a picture looking through the
Straits of Gibraltar
246
00:14:27,509 --> 00:14:31,088
you're looking at Spain on the left in
North Africa on the right
247
00:14:31,089 --> 00:14:34,100
and take a look at Spain the southern
part ofthe
248
00:14:34,100 --> 00:14:37,389
the country a he's kind of a light brown
249
00:14:37,389 --> 00:14:40,879
in that light color brown changes really

abruptly to
250
00:14:40,879 --> 00:14:45,278
add to a darker brown that line for
bright color change
251
00:14:45,278 --> 00:14:48,708
is an earthquake fault it's a fault that
runs
252
00:14:48,708 --> 00:14:53,068
the width Spain turns out that it's
really really easy to see
253
00:14:53,068 --> 00:14:58,219
a linear features like a like faults in
seismic structures from
254
00:14:58,220 --> 00:15:01,860
from space
255
00:15:01,860 --> 00:15:05,329
okay this is a apart in the world that
in the news a lot
256
00:15:05,328 --> 00:15:09,668
and this is that pictured Middle East
this is the Mediterranean Sea on the
257
00:15:09,668 --> 00:15:12,350
left side of the screen so you're
looking at a picture up
258
00:15:12,350 --> 00:15:16,870
on Israel Jordan Syria a small corner
above
259
00:15:16,870 --> 00:15:21,308

each chipped a right in the middle of

the picture is that
260
00:15:21,308 --> 00:15:25,278
small Sea of Galilee and directly below
it
261
00:15:25,278 --> 00:15:29,308
is the kinda oblong shaped did see he
let your eyes go from the sea of galilee
262
00:15:29,308 --> 00:15:31,958
down to the Dead Sea you'll notice that
their
263
00:15:31,958 --> 00:15:35,139
following a linear feature a straight
line that
264
00:15:35,139 --> 00:15:38,230
line linear feature is the 11-team fault
265
00:15:38,230 --> 00:15:41,778
it's a huge fault structure in the
Middle East
266
00:15:41,778 --> 00:15:44,788
it's actually the reason the Sea of
Galilee is where it is the reason the
267
00:15:44,788 --> 00:15:46,360
Dead Sea is where it is
268
00:15:46,360 --> 00:15:50,068
and that same a that same fault extends
269
00:15:50,068 --> 00:15:54,408
over a thousand kilometers further south

and is the one that opens up to form the

270
00:15:54,408 --> 00:15:58,798
the Red Sea I'm their lot of other
things that you can see in this picture
271
00:15:58,798 --> 00:16:01,658
to just take a look at the different
colors
272
00:16:01,658 --> 00:16:05,528
not in the land those are indicated
above different types a rock or
273
00:16:05,528 --> 00:16:09,000
different ways the land is being used so
you can actually
274
00:16:09,000 --> 00:16:14,870
learn a lot about land use from from
photographs or perspectives like this
275
00:16:14,870 --> 00:16:18,399
if you look down at the kinda lower
right corner of the screen you can see
276
00:16:18,399 --> 00:16:20,558
water drainage patterns
277
00:16:20,558 --> 00:16:24,688
that gives you an idea of how easy it is
to monitor water resources
278
00:16:24,688 --> 00:16:29,788
from from space and just as an aside if
you look at the lower left you see
279
00:16:29,788 --> 00:16:30,658

there's a
280
00:16:30,658 --> 00:16:35,308
a really sharp line that separates kinda
dark color land from
281
00:16:35,308 --> 00:16:38,860
from the just this little triangle love
282
00:16:38,860 --> 00:16:42,230
a kind of sand-colored land that
283
00:16:42,230 --> 00:16:45,620
line that sharp sharp line is actually
the border between
284
00:16:45,620 --> 00:16:49,899
a Israel and and Egypt and you can see
it at the time is voting
285
00:16:49,899 --> 00:16:53,328
was taken just because the different
types of land-use
286
00:16:53,328 --> 00:16:59,129
different ways the land was being used
I'm in the two countries
287
00:16:59,129 --> 00:17:02,639
this what hurricane looks like from
orbit on this was a
288
00:17:02,639 --> 00:17:06,288
back category-four hurricane that was
active
289
00:17:06,288 --> 00:17:09,369
during my second spaceflight

290
00:17:09,369 --> 00:17:12,678
look at that the detail that you can see
in the feeder bands have the
291
00:17:12,679 --> 00:17:17,720
at the hurricane to I'm really pretty
spectacular in the next the next photo
292
00:17:17,720 --> 00:17:22,259
is going to be looking right down the I
293
00:17:22,259 --> 00:17:26,099
and here you're seeing all the way to
the water the Indian Ocean through the
294
00:17:26,099 --> 00:17:30,678
3i I'm that detail that you can see in
the eye wall
295
00:17:30,679 --> 00:17:35,159
is a really spectacular exit is a great
picture I wish I'd taken this picture
296
00:17:35,159 --> 00:17:38,278
ok didn't
297
00:17:38,278 --> 00:17:41,690
me she just a couple examples a
298
00:17:41,690 --> 00:17:45,919
a the effective civilization that you
can see from space
299
00:17:45,919 --> 00:17:50,460
this is a a a picture looking down at a
small corner Portugal

300
00:17:50,460 --> 00:17:53,880
and what you're seeing on the contrary
als from airplanes going in and outta
301
00:17:53,880 --> 00:17:58,580
Lisbon's a airport that day and you can
actually tracy's contrails back interest
302
00:17:58,579 --> 00:18:04,970
out the arrival and departure it's at
the airport
303
00:18:04,970 --> 00:18:09,079
a the astronauts who took this picture
thought they were taking a
304
00:18:09,079 --> 00:18:14,439
taking a picture above kinda been an
overcast day in brazil
305
00:18:14,440 --> 00:18:18,000
said this photograph a is looking
306
00:18:18,000 --> 00:18:23,099
from East at the bottom to west at the
top all the way across the Amazon Basin
307
00:18:23,099 --> 00:18:27,819
in in Brazil they thought they were
photographing an overcast day
308
00:18:27,819 --> 00:18:32,210
a with the overcast can cut off by the
Andes Mountains there at the top that
309
00:18:32,210 --> 00:18:35,940
the top to the picture turns out what
they were photographing was not an

310
00:18:35,940 --> 00:18:37,740
overcast layer of clouds
311
00:18:37,740 --> 00:18:42,659
but accumulated smoke and haze that had
built up as result is the fires that
312
00:18:42,659 --> 00:18:45,730
have been set to burn parts to the
Amazon forest
313
00:18:45,730 --> 00:18:49,569
and what they thought were I'm
individual puffy clouds are thunder
314
00:18:49,569 --> 00:18:50,388
clouds
315
00:18:50,388 --> 00:18:53,408
thunderstorms we're actually plumes of
smoke
316
00:18:53,409 --> 00:18:57,450
over fires that were burning at the time
this photograph was taken
317
00:18:57,450 --> 00:19:01,750
the one right in the middle in the
picture is an enormous fire
318
00:19:01,750 --> 00:19:06,298
actually larger van summer the worst
fires that we get here in California
319
00:19:06,298 --> 00:19:07,440
Southern California

320
00:19:07,440 --> 00:19:11,090
on Northern California and this is what
321
00:19:11,089 --> 00:19:17,699
the Amazon Basin looks like every day
during the dry season
322
00:19:17,700 --> 00:19:21,980
this with yours looks like at night lot
of people have this image of
323
00:19:21,980 --> 00:19:26,110
a astronauts a kinda for
324
00:19:26,109 --> 00:19:30,109
a with their their eyes glued to the
windows in snapping photos during the
325
00:19:30,109 --> 00:19:31,879
daylight cited the orbit min
326
00:19:31,880 --> 00:19:34,990
quit getting back to work and doing with
the taxpayers are paying us to do on the
327
00:19:34,990 --> 00:19:36,599
nights I did the orbit
328
00:19:36,599 --> 00:19:40,148
nothing could be further from the truth
were actually the windows all the time
329
00:19:40,148 --> 00:19:43,648
ok and you can see why is absolutely
beautiful
330
00:19:43,648 --> 00:19:48,000

this is that a picture a Midwest United

States
331
00:19:48,000 --> 00:19:52,058
and the city's a that you're seeing here
in the lower left is
332
00:19:52,058 --> 00:19:55,940
Indianapolis and then going diagonally
across
333
00:19:55,940 --> 00:19:59,720
at the screen and you see Dayton and
334
00:19:59,720 --> 00:20:03,558
Columbus Cincinnati a little bit to the
south and if you go all the way to the
335
00:20:03,558 --> 00:20:04,250
upper
336
00:20:04,250 --> 00:20:08,648
I'm upper right hand corner you see
kinda on orange smudge
337
00:20:08,648 --> 00:20:11,778
I'm dead smudges that the city lights
338
00:20:11,778 --> 00:20:15,440
from Philadelphia all the way to to New
York City
339
00:20:15,440 --> 00:20:18,460
absolutely beautiful beautiful sight
340
00:20:18,460 --> 00:20:23,278
when my favorites a memories are looking
down at the earth when the most

341
00:20:23,278 --> 00:20:24,190
spectacular
342
00:20:24,190 --> 00:20:27,820
a sites that I had was to you know there
were several so it's a little hard to
343
00:20:27,819 --> 00:20:29,379
choose but one of them
344
00:20:29,380 --> 00:20:34,090
was during my second flight we were
primarily an earth-observing flight
345
00:20:34,089 --> 00:20:38,230
sue what that meant us was that and I'm
our instruments needed to be pointed to
346
00:20:38,230 --> 00:20:41,259
the grounds are windows were pointed to
the ground so we had a really good view
347
00:20:41,259 --> 00:20:42,740
of the earth
348
00:20:42,740 --> 00:20:46,308
and we are I had one orbit that took us
up
349
00:20:46,308 --> 00:20:49,829
the east coast to the United States at
night and we could look off in the
350
00:20:49,829 --> 00:20:50,648
distance
351

00:20:50,648 --> 00:20:54,589

NC Miami coming about 200 kilometers
away
352
00:20:54,589 --> 00:20:58,269
and then we were able to literally trace
out
353
00:20:58,269 --> 00:21:01,269
the entire east coast in the US in
354
00:21:01,269 --> 00:21:04,859
absolutely continuous lights all the way
from Miami
355
00:21:04,859 --> 00:21:09,069
up north of Boston I'm absolutely
spectacular
356
00:21:09,069 --> 00:21:16,058
at a trip that took us about five
minutes by the way
357
00:21:16,058 --> 00:21:19,240
okay let me a transition now and talk
358
00:21:19,240 --> 00:21:23,169
a a little bit about science science
education in the importance in science
359
00:21:23,169 --> 00:21:24,389
education
360
00:21:24,388 --> 00:21:28,339
I'm at I want you all to first ball
appreciate that vintage nineteen
361
00:21:28,339 --> 00:21:31,599

seventies photo of Carl Sagan

362
00:21:31,599 --> 00:21:35,859
I'm the Carl Sagan once said it's
suicidal to create a society that
363
00:21:35,859 --> 00:21:37,928
depends on science and technology
364
00:21:37,929 --> 00:21:41,100
in which no one knows anything about
science and tech
365
00:21:41,099 --> 00:21:45,288
technology and of course he's actually
write science and technology as you all
366
00:21:45,288 --> 00:21:46,579
know where the engines that
367
00:21:46,579 --> 00:21:51,558
the drive our economy and its really
ironic when you start to think about it
368
00:21:51,558 --> 00:21:54,599
yet our society that relies so much
369
00:21:54,599 --> 00:21:58,589
on science and technology and really got
to be a world leader
370
00:21:58,589 --> 00:22:02,528
through our ability to innovate an
engineer and explore
371
00:22:02,528 --> 00:22:06,269
has put so little emphasis on science
education

372
00:22:06,269 --> 00:22:11,250
and so little priority on it a over the
last %uh few decades
373
00:22:11,250 --> 00:22:14,288
I'm as a result
374
00:22:14,288 --> 00:22:17,440
a we've got a a real problem
375
00:22:17,440 --> 00:22:20,740
with science education today and it's
easy did
376
00:22:20,740 --> 00:22:25,470
to but drown you in statistics on that
but let me just share a few with you
377
00:22:25,470 --> 00:22:32,009
internationally US students are now 25th
in math and 21st in science
378
00:22:32,009 --> 00:22:36,940
not even a not only not not first but
not even really very competitive
379
00:22:36,940 --> 00:22:40,360
with their their colleagues in other
countries
380
00:22:40,359 --> 00:22:44,788
US now ranks 17 in high school
graduation rate
381
00:22:44,788 --> 00:22:48,038
and in case you think that we make that
up with college graduation rate you're

382
00:22:48,038 --> 00:22:48,569
wrong
383
00:22:48,569 --> 00:22:51,678
were 12 internationally in college
graduation rate
384
00:22:51,679 --> 00:22:55,220
but you don't need to compare us to
other countries to see that there's a
385
00:22:55,220 --> 00:22:56,130
problem
386
00:22:56,130 --> 00:23:00,130
just within the US only a third Ave a
third of eighth graders
387
00:23:00,130 --> 00:23:05,340
up actually don't graduate from high
school and oh those that do
388
00:23:05,339 --> 00:23:09,000
less than 43 percent meet college
readiness standards in math
389
00:23:09,000 --> 00:23:12,109
and it's even worse for science it's
less than 30 percent me college
390
00:23:12,109 --> 00:23:12,769
readiness
391
00:23:12,769 --> 00:23:16,470
I'm standards in science and in fact
392

00:23:16,470 --> 00:23:20,298

a.m. ninety percent a fifth through
eighth graders in physical sciences are
393
00:23:20,298 --> 00:23:22,230
taught by a teacher without a credential
394
00:23:22,230 --> 00:23:26,120
in the in the subject so a
395
00:23:26,119 --> 00:23:29,199
maybe it's not surprising that we've got
a problem
396
00:23:29,200 --> 00:23:33,200
with a with science education
397
00:23:33,200 --> 00:23:37,410
science education however has become a a
national imperative
398
00:23:37,410 --> 00:23:41,000
we all know that science education is
important and it's important for a lot
399
00:23:41,000 --> 00:23:43,609
of different reasons some of which you
may not have thought about
400
00:23:43,609 --> 00:23:47,750
sum up what you undoubtedly have I'm our
global competitiveness
401
00:23:47,750 --> 00:23:51,419
depends on the next generation
scientists and engineers
402
00:23:51,419 --> 00:23:55,660

so it's really important that we inspire

the next generation rocket scientists in
403
00:23:55,660 --> 00:23:58,769
and environmental engineers a
404
00:23:58,769 --> 00:24:03,038
it's also critical to prepare the core
405
00:24:03,038 --> 00:24:07,069
the future skilled workforce that's
because
406
00:24:07,069 --> 00:24:10,599
in the next decade or so fully eighty
percent of the jobs
407
00:24:10,599 --> 00:24:13,779
in this country and that includes just
basic
408
00:24:13,779 --> 00:24:19,160
living wage jobs are gonna require some
background in science math
409
00:24:19,160 --> 00:24:23,009
or technology so is really becoming an
equity issue
410
00:24:23,009 --> 00:24:28,288
if the kids in school today don't get a
good education in math and science
411
00:24:28,288 --> 00:24:32,308
they're not going to be competitive even
for basic living wage jobs
412
00:24:32,308 --> 00:24:36,970

when they when they graduate a may be

more broadly
413
00:24:36,970 --> 00:24:40,509
science literacy is increasingly
414
00:24:40,509 --> 00:24:44,980
important we need to create signed
scientifically literate
415
00:24:44,980 --> 00:24:48,950
citizens am were surrounded today
416
00:24:48,950 --> 00:24:52,669
by issues that have their roots in
science and technology
417
00:24:52,669 --> 00:24:55,780
just open the paper log on your computer
418
00:24:55,779 --> 00:24:59,579
you can many many many other issues
419
00:24:59,579 --> 00:25:04,178
that faces today have their their roots
in science and technology
420
00:25:04,179 --> 00:25:09,250
so the students you're in school today
in elementary school middle school today
421
00:25:09,250 --> 00:25:14,329
I'm have to have a background in science
and math just be able to understand the
422
00:25:14,329 --> 00:25:15,079
issues

423
00:25:15,079 --> 00:25:17,839
that they're going to be faced with when
they're growing up be able to vote
424
00:25:17,839 --> 00:25:19,199
responsibly
425
00:25:19,200 --> 00:25:24,220
on those issues and in fact to be able
to make intelligent choices
426
00:25:24,220 --> 00:25:28,279
and decisions that affect their own
lives whether it's about to
427
00:25:28,279 --> 00:25:31,779
medicine whether it's about their
communities
428
00:25:31,779 --> 00:25:36,308
you know so it's is really very very
important on a lot of levels
429
00:25:36,308 --> 00:25:40,288
to improve science and math education in
this country
430
00:25:40,288 --> 00:25:43,569
and make sure that our students get a
good a
431
00:25:43,569 --> 00:25:47,168
a good education now I'm I said that
we'd been
432
00:25:47,169 --> 00:25:51,929
neglecting science and science education
on a national level as a national

433
00:25:51,929 --> 00:25:52,900
priority for
434
00:25:52,900 --> 00:25:55,960
for decades that is
435
00:25:55,960 --> 00:25:59,000
changing and it said changing quickly
436
00:25:59,000 --> 00:26:03,369
signs education is now in focus and
there are a lot of
437
00:26:03,369 --> 00:26:06,379
examples and that that I can give you is
we a
438
00:26:06,380 --> 00:26:09,820
as we go on what I'd like to do is
439
00:26:09,819 --> 00:26:14,720
focus just a a little bit now on one
aspect of the problem
440
00:26:14,720 --> 00:26:18,069
that I'm particularly familiar with
441
00:26:18,069 --> 00:26:21,069
let me tell you what time is the some
other research says
442
00:26:21,069 --> 00:26:26,418
a you know there's there's some some
good news here and some bad news
443
00:26:26,419 --> 00:26:29,809

a in fourth grade according to the

444
00:26:29,808 --> 00:26:33,769
National Center for Education Statistics
students like science
445
00:26:33,769 --> 00:26:36,929
now they've been doing a surveys
446
00:26:36,929 --> 00:26:40,909
fourth graders in this country for
several decades in this hasn't changed
447
00:26:40,909 --> 00:26:44,350
so don't think that this result is new
this result isn't new
448
00:26:44,349 --> 00:26:47,699
you can check 20-25 years ago and you
get the same
449
00:26:47,700 --> 00:26:51,090
essentially the same result than in
fourth grade
450
00:26:51,089 --> 00:26:54,689
sixty-eight percent of boys like science
451
00:26:54,690 --> 00:26:58,529
and sixty-six percent of girls will
self-report
452
00:26:58,529 --> 00:27:02,250
that they like science so they're too
good messages there
453
00:27:02,250 --> 00:27:06,640
in fourth grade fully two-thirds the

kids still like science

454
00:27:06,640 --> 00:27:09,759
you know it's a big percentage and the
second message is
455
00:27:09,759 --> 00:27:13,019
in fourth grade it's as many girls as
boys
456
00:27:13,019 --> 00:27:17,158
I but then we start to lose those
students from
457
00:27:17,159 --> 00:27:21,549
science and math they started disengage
they start to drift away
458
00:27:21,548 --> 00:27:24,769
and it starts happening right about in
fifth grade 6 grade
459
00:27:24,769 --> 00:27:29,329
seventh-grade a and it happens for both
boys
460
00:27:29,329 --> 00:27:34,279
and girls but it turns out that a
disproportionate number of girls and
461
00:27:34,279 --> 00:27:35,470
minority students
462
00:27:35,470 --> 00:27:38,919
disengage right at that at that time
463
00:27:38,919 --> 00:27:43,390
and the reasons are not reasons irv

aptitude they're not reasons

464
00:27:43,390 --> 00:27:46,650
a interest I mean after all in fourth
grade
465
00:27:46,650 --> 00:27:49,740
they were interested in science and
signs hasn't gotten less interesting
466
00:27:49,740 --> 00:27:54,480
on when they got to 5th yr fifth or
sixth grade other reasons tend to be
467
00:27:54,480 --> 00:27:58,240
societal I'm and there are a lot of a
468
00:27:58,240 --> 00:28:02,099
a lot of ways to think about that a no
469
00:28:02,099 --> 00:28:05,908
it may not be picture yourself as an
11-year-old
470
00:28:05,909 --> 00:28:09,730
11-year-old student maybe an 11-year-old
girl
471
00:28:09,730 --> 00:28:14,569
who says she wants to be an electrical
engineer well you may still get
472
00:28:14,569 --> 00:28:18,168
a slightly different reaction from your
friends from your peer group
473
00:28:18,169 --> 00:28:22,009
maybe even from your teachers are your

parents an 11-year-old boy who says

474
00:28:22,009 --> 00:28:24,140
exactly the same thing
475
00:28:24,140 --> 00:28:27,960
I'm it may not be cool to be the
smartest person your math class
476
00:28:27,960 --> 00:28:31,519
in your particular school it may not be
cool to be good
477
00:28:31,519 --> 00:28:35,619
in math a society also has
478
00:28:35,619 --> 00:28:39,269
a lotta love ingrained stereotypes about
479
00:28:39,269 --> 00:28:42,408
what a scientist looks like who does
science
480
00:28:42,409 --> 00:28:45,820
and what it's like to do science and
what science
481
00:28:45,819 --> 00:28:49,889
is and a lot of those stereotypes just
artwork just aren't right
482
00:28:49,890 --> 00:28:53,950
so up that typical stereotypical view
other
483
00:28:53,950 --> 00:28:58,200
the scientist is some you looking guy
that looks like Einstein wears a lab

484
00:28:58,200 --> 00:28:59,730
coat pocket projector in
485
00:28:59,730 --> 00:29:04,230
hasn't seen the light of day in a week
and doesn't communicate with people
486
00:29:04,230 --> 00:29:08,230
and that's what society thinks when you
say the word
487
00:29:08,230 --> 00:29:11,269
scientist and if you don't believe me
488
00:29:11,269 --> 00:29:15,379
I'm try this try this at home I'm try
this
489
00:29:15,380 --> 00:29:19,830
we do this with their teachers that we
train and we've done this with a lot of
490
00:29:19,829 --> 00:29:21,000
kids
491
00:29:21,000 --> 00:29:24,359
and ask your a
492
00:29:24,359 --> 00:29:28,759
to ask your teachers ask a group of
adults ask a group of teachers ask a
493
00:29:28,759 --> 00:29:29,269
group
494
00:29:29,269 --> 00:29:33,548

love twelve-year-old students to draw

scientist
495
00:29:33,548 --> 00:29:36,839
and what you get are the images
496
00:29:36,839 --> 00:29:41,668
that look like Einstein it look like you
know some some sort of geeky person
497
00:29:41,669 --> 00:29:46,470
I'm this is not surprising cuz I invite
you all do this
498
00:29:46,470 --> 00:29:50,700
goaded go to Google go to Google Images
and type in the word scientist
499
00:29:50,700 --> 00:29:55,750
and see what you get I'm it's really
kinda surprising you get up you get page
500
00:29:55,750 --> 00:30:00,179
have pictures that look like that
501
00:30:00,179 --> 00:30:04,269
which were drawn by one fifth-grade girl
and one
502
00:30:04,269 --> 00:30:07,400
actually both fifth-grade girls who drew
a
503
00:30:07,400 --> 00:30:10,809
those those pictures and the problem is
504
00:30:10,808 --> 00:30:14,190
that a if you're a 10-year-old girl

505
00:30:14,190 --> 00:30:18,669
or a 10-year-old boy this is not really
what you aspire to be
506
00:30:18,669 --> 00:30:22,509
when you grow up so it's right about
this time when
507
00:30:22,509 --> 00:30:26,079
when kids start to internalize the
messages that the culture is sending
508
00:30:26,079 --> 00:30:28,939
them right around fifth grade 6 grade
seventh grade
509
00:30:28,940 --> 00:30:32,940
that they start to think about what what
society thinks
510
00:30:32,940 --> 00:30:36,409
a scientist isn't what society thinks
scientists does
511
00:30:36,409 --> 00:30:40,000
and this is the start the store to the
image that they start to
512
00:30:40,000 --> 00:30:43,380
internalize and we don't you know not
513
00:30:43,380 --> 00:30:47,309
not all girls run away from science we
all know that there
514
00:30:47,308 --> 00:30:51,450
increasing numbers they're staying in

the pipeline for science and engineering

515
00:30:51,450 --> 00:30:54,490
but we still lose a large number of
students
516
00:30:54,490 --> 00:30:58,480
and a disproportionate number of girls
right in that age group
517
00:30:58,480 --> 00:31:02,150
largely because the societal issues
518
00:31:02,150 --> 00:31:05,409
and it's not just the stereotypical view
of the scientist is the steric
519
00:31:05,409 --> 00:31:08,679
stereotypical view of science they don't
view it as
520
00:31:08,679 --> 00:31:12,700
collaborative they don't view it as
creative they think scientists work
521
00:31:12,700 --> 00:31:13,538
alone
522
00:31:13,538 --> 00:31:17,429
rather than in groups they think they
pictured being almost
523
00:31:17,429 --> 00:31:22,120
wrote going from the the first equation
on the page to the last they don't think
524
00:31:22,119 --> 00:31:22,778
I've it is

525
00:31:22,778 --> 00:31:26,880
as creative and most important they
don't think a bit as relevant
526
00:31:26,880 --> 00:31:31,130
to their world so in the abstract
there've been surveys that
527
00:31:31,130 --> 00:31:34,799
that revealed that but students will
tell you that
528
00:31:34,798 --> 00:31:37,908
science and engineering are important
science technology engineering are
529
00:31:37,909 --> 00:31:39,000
important
530
00:31:39,000 --> 00:31:43,548
but they'll say it's important but it's
not important for me
531
00:31:43,548 --> 00:31:47,418
and that's a that's a very common
reaction for students in this
532
00:31:47,419 --> 00:31:50,640
fifth sixth seventh grade I am
533
00:31:50,640 --> 00:31:54,340
great range so a but you know that
534
00:31:54,339 --> 00:31:58,470
that's a a good part of the problem a
the combination

535
00:31:58,470 --> 00:32:02,069
a the fact that students have the wrong
536
00:32:02,069 --> 00:32:05,450
impression science and scientists
537
00:32:05,450 --> 00:32:09,890
and they've got misperceptions about
their own suitability for the subject it
538
00:32:09,890 --> 00:32:11,340
may be more important
539
00:32:11,339 --> 00:32:14,839
a the potential importance and the
subjects for them
540
00:32:14,839 --> 00:32:18,569
in their futures no matter what careers
they choose to
541
00:32:18,569 --> 00:32:22,349
to pursue a now the research on
542
00:32:22,349 --> 00:32:26,689
does show that you know they're fairly
easy ways to counter this time you can
543
00:32:26,690 --> 00:32:27,690
imagine what
544
00:32:27,690 --> 00:32:30,970
what a lot of them are it's really
important to start countering the
545
00:32:30,970 --> 00:32:32,269
stereotypes early

546
00:32:32,269 --> 00:32:36,308
and to do it as early as air elementary
school upper elementary school
547
00:32:36,308 --> 00:32:40,298
and middle school by introducing
students to
548
00:32:40,298 --> 00:32:44,168
a wide number a wide variety of
scientists
549
00:32:44,169 --> 00:32:48,590
and a wide variety have a things that
scientists do
550
00:32:48,589 --> 00:32:51,639
so we need to see a diverse group of
scientists that
551
00:32:51,640 --> 00:32:55,409
by the way look to them like normal
people
552
00:32:55,409 --> 00:32:59,679
that maybe have dogs and cats that used
to be kids
553
00:32:59,679 --> 00:33:02,809
on so that they can start humanizing
554
00:33:02,808 --> 00:33:06,359
these careers they need to see people
that use to look like them
555
00:33:06,359 --> 00:33:09,719
so that they can envision a path for

themselves
556
00:33:09,720 --> 00:33:12,730
into science in science or
557
00:33:12,730 --> 00:33:16,399
for engineering so you need you need be
able to expose
558
00:33:16,398 --> 00:33:19,509
a classroom love students to
559
00:33:19,509 --> 00:33:23,349
scientists have different backgrounds
different ethnicities
560
00:33:23,349 --> 00:33:27,148
and who are involved in different
different sorts in science
561
00:33:27,148 --> 00:33:31,048
science is different ages who took
different pathways into science and we
562
00:33:31,048 --> 00:33:31,369
have
563
00:33:31,369 --> 00:33:35,389
a who have a variety of other interests
as well as
564
00:33:35,390 --> 00:33:39,309
a as science I'm it's also important it
565
00:33:39,308 --> 00:33:45,240
to touch on that the divers and relevant
things that scientists to do

566
00:33:45,240 --> 00:33:48,740
teachers often don't know this and so
therefore this
567
00:33:48,740 --> 00:33:52,230
their students often don't know this
568
00:33:52,230 --> 00:33:57,009
on to give you an idea by the way up how
subtle summer these messages can be
569
00:33:57,009 --> 00:34:02,000
let me a that that start to dissuade
kids let me tell you about something
570
00:34:02,000 --> 00:34:02,690
that damn
571
00:34:02,690 --> 00:34:06,720
that actually happened to me a about
three years ago
572
00:34:06,720 --> 00:34:10,849
so not decades ago three years ago
573
00:34:10,849 --> 00:34:13,929
I'm I was on a Cal Tech campus
574
00:34:13,929 --> 00:34:17,159
at 104 we were seller at times runs
575
00:34:17,159 --> 00:34:21,710
on signs festivals for girls we do these
on college campuses
576
00:34:21,710 --> 00:34:27,088
a on a weekend and this particular one

we held at Caltech we had about 1200

577
00:34:27,088 --> 00:34:30,349
Nov 5th through 8th grade girls and
their parents
578
00:34:30,349 --> 00:34:33,879
on the campus for the day week we claim
is that
579
00:34:33,878 --> 00:34:37,648
the highest density of females on the
Cal Tech campus
580
00:34:37,648 --> 00:34:41,038
by the way but a at
581
00:34:41,039 --> 00:34:44,129
to a.m. towards the end of the
582
00:34:44,128 --> 00:34:47,199
a up the event out one
583
00:34:47,199 --> 00:34:50,278
very very very proud mother
584
00:34:50,278 --> 00:34:53,648
brought her 12-year-old daughter up to
me
585
00:34:53,648 --> 00:34:57,028
and this mother was not going to let me
get away
586
00:34:57,028 --> 00:35:01,599
and tell I knew that her daughter was a
brilliant mathematician

587
00:35:01,599 --> 00:35:06,289
she had not only one the school math
competition she had won the regional
588
00:35:06,289 --> 00:35:07,789
math competition
589
00:35:07,789 --> 00:35:12,520
and she was gonna go on to the state
math competition in this mother could
590
00:35:12,519 --> 00:35:14,619
not have been more proud
591
00:35:14,619 --> 00:35:18,789
a and I I congratulated the mother I
congratulated the daughter I wish her
592
00:35:18,789 --> 00:35:20,900
good luck in the state competition
593
00:35:20,900 --> 00:35:24,750
and then another one on Tuesday it and I
don't know where she gets it
594
00:35:24,750 --> 00:35:30,079
I was never any good in math and I don't
know any women who are
595
00:35:30,079 --> 00:35:34,798
and it's like what this mother didn't
realize was that the message that she
596
00:35:34,798 --> 00:35:35,179
was
597
00:35:35,179 --> 00:35:38,480

completely unconsciously sending to our

daughter
598
00:35:38,480 --> 00:35:42,798
was you're not normal you're not like
every woman I know
599
00:35:42,798 --> 00:35:46,469
and you know what's the most important
thing when you're twelve on
600
00:35:46,469 --> 00:35:49,750
is to be normal so it may very well be
that that
601
00:35:49,750 --> 00:35:54,010
that young girl you know will will blast
ahead and become
602
00:35:54,010 --> 00:35:58,660
and a mathematician or it may be that in
a couple years
603
00:35:58,659 --> 00:36:02,288
she'll start internalizing this these
messages
604
00:36:02,289 --> 00:36:06,690
and think that well she's also and she's
also good in French literature
605
00:36:06,690 --> 00:36:11,190
and that that is something that maybe
her mother thinks is more normal
606
00:36:11,190 --> 00:36:15,150
for I'm girl or or a woman to study
607

00:36:15,150 --> 00:36:19,380

so this gives you a sense up how subtle
some of these messages
608
00:36:19,380 --> 00:36:23,349
a.m. can can be and how difficult it is
to
609
00:36:23,349 --> 00:36:26,500
to get at this this problem
610
00:36:26,500 --> 00:36:31,659
well too add to address this and and
related issues this is kind of the
611
00:36:31,659 --> 00:36:33,078
motivation behind
612
00:36:33,079 --> 00:36:36,809
and my starting at Sally Ride science
net
613
00:36:36,809 --> 00:36:41,349
that company we actually focus on this
age group a fourth through eighth grade
614
00:36:41,349 --> 00:36:45,278
and we think that a key part of our
mission is to make a difference in
615
00:36:45,278 --> 00:36:49,750
in girls' lives in that age group and in
society's perceptions
616
00:36:49,750 --> 00:36:53,449
have their roles in science in en masse
in
617

00:36:53,449 --> 00:36:57,868

and engineering one of the things I just
tell you about one of our programs we do
618
00:36:57,869 --> 00:36:58,798
a lot of our
619
00:36:58,798 --> 00:37:01,989
teacher training I'm so we train
620
00:37:01,989 --> 00:37:05,058
elementary school teachers and middle
school teachers
621
00:37:05,059 --> 00:37:08,450
partly because these teachers are the
ones on the front lines as the
622
00:37:08,449 --> 00:37:11,969
the students start to internalize the
messages that we're getting
623
00:37:11,969 --> 00:37:15,139
a and we try to train these two
624
00:37:15,139 --> 00:37:18,298
not try to we do trainees teachers on
625
00:37:18,298 --> 00:37:21,659
what make them aware of what the
research says I'm
626
00:37:21,659 --> 00:37:26,690
the reasons that that science is
important for all students
627
00:37:26,690 --> 00:37:30,960
I what the research says about when

students disengage
628
00:37:30,960 --> 00:37:35,179
from science and why they disengage from
science
629
00:37:35,179 --> 00:37:38,598
and make them aware of the effect that
subtle messages
630
00:37:38,599 --> 00:37:43,010
can have and then also most important
tell about what the research says about
631
00:37:43,010 --> 00:37:44,619
the importance of countering
632
00:37:44,619 --> 00:37:48,539
these messages early and often in the
classroom
633
00:37:48,539 --> 00:37:52,440
and then giving them strategies that
they can use with the lessons that they
634
00:37:52,440 --> 00:37:52,829
teach
635
00:37:52,829 --> 00:37:57,019
anyway to begin to to do this we give
them the strategies and the resources
636
00:37:57,018 --> 00:37:57,608
and
637
00:37:57,608 --> 00:38:01,288
in classroom materials to do that and I
included

638
00:38:01,289 --> 00:38:05,670
up couple examples a the classroom
resources that we give with we give them
639
00:38:05,670 --> 00:38:06,048
a
640
00:38:06,048 --> 00:38:10,000
some books that we created that are cool
careers and so there's a cool careers in
641
00:38:10,000 --> 00:38:11,599
engineering cool careers in
642
00:38:11,599 --> 00:38:15,539
physics cool careers in environmental
sciences Corp prism Medical Sciences
643
00:38:15,539 --> 00:38:19,900
and I thought I'd to show you one page
at random here
644
00:38:19,900 --> 00:38:25,880
I'm are completely random example have
an experimental physicist and
645
00:38:25,880 --> 00:38:30,028
there's a picture France's soccer team
down below so the idea is
646
00:38:30,028 --> 00:38:33,778
that tit to get across to kids at
francis's a
647
00:38:33,778 --> 00:38:38,650
a a real person and that she has
interests that are other than

648
00:38:38,650 --> 00:38:42,338
I'm experimental physics and that the
649
00:38:42,338 --> 00:38:45,518
that make it maker someone
650
00:38:45,518 --> 00:38:48,518
that the scientists can can relate to
651
00:38:48,518 --> 00:38:53,268
and in as you don't get away either this
is one from our environmental sciences
652
00:38:53,268 --> 00:38:54,118
book I think
653
00:38:54,119 --> 00:38:59,230
a so we've we featured a in as in
actually a few other people from
654
00:38:59,230 --> 00:39:02,880
from Berkeley week we give a really wide
range
655
00:39:02,880 --> 00:39:07,568
have scientists and engineers very
diverse backgrounds mail and
656
00:39:07,568 --> 00:39:11,230
and female so that all the kids in the
class can pick out
657
00:39:11,230 --> 00:39:14,380
one or two or three faces that they can
658
00:39:14,380 --> 00:39:17,910

that they can relate to and it's at a

really
659
00:39:17,909 --> 00:39:21,460
important thing to do so the goal of our
program is to
660
00:39:21,460 --> 00:39:27,500
to get teachers and therefore it and I
let help them guide students to get from
661
00:39:27,500 --> 00:39:31,449
view of scientists on the left to the
view with scientists on the right
662
00:39:31,449 --> 00:39:35,529
something that they can see as a
interest for
663
00:39:35,530 --> 00:39:39,490
for themselves
664
00:39:39,489 --> 00:39:43,299
I know I wanted to spend a just a little
bit I'm a.m.
665
00:39:43,300 --> 00:39:47,190
describing a couple have other a other
programs
666
00:39:47,190 --> 00:39:50,920
that are going on a couple it at the
national level
667
00:39:50,920 --> 00:39:53,940
and one back program here at berkeley
668
00:39:53,940 --> 00:39:57,250

that all get at the the issue

669
00:39:57,250 --> 00:40:00,949
for science education improving science
670
00:40:00,949 --> 00:40:05,789
science education I'm give you just a
couple examples
671
00:40:05,789 --> 00:40:09,070
I'm at that the national level a
672
00:40:09,070 --> 00:40:13,260
the president has has announced a
actually a couple years ago
673
00:40:13,260 --> 00:40:16,640
and educate the program called educate
to innovate
674
00:40:16,639 --> 00:40:20,659
that is actually a White House
initiative that you can think Obama's is
675
00:40:20,659 --> 00:40:22,719
an umbrella organization
676
00:40:22,719 --> 00:40:26,819
on for Anna umbrella initiative that's
putting a very
677
00:40:26,820 --> 00:40:29,849
strong focus on K-twelve
678
00:40:29,849 --> 00:40:33,950
science and math education the intent is
to

679
00:40:33,949 --> 00:40:38,559
raise the visibility love the importance
of science and math education
680
00:40:38,559 --> 00:40:43,179
and to try to change the perspective
change the culture
681
00:40:43,179 --> 00:40:47,259
around science and math education in
this this country
682
00:40:47,260 --> 00:40:50,280
there they've done a lot of different
things under
683
00:40:50,280 --> 00:40:53,570
under this program I won't go into that
684
00:40:53,570 --> 00:40:56,789
to some other things that they've
assembled under it but I I will just
685
00:40:56,789 --> 00:40:58,029
give you an example love
686
00:40:58,030 --> 00:41:01,410
one that I had a chance to participate
in and that's
687
00:41:01,409 --> 00:41:04,629
budget that is in the category of
688
00:41:04,630 --> 00:41:07,630
a cool thing that tries to change
689
00:41:07,630 --> 00:41:12,410

the perception science this was

astronomy night at the white house
690
00:41:12,409 --> 00:41:15,819
so picture in October evening bet 8
691
00:41:15,820 --> 00:41:22,140
eight at night after dark I'm telescopes
about 20-25 telescopes set up on the
692
00:41:22,139 --> 00:41:22,389
what
693
00:41:22,380 --> 00:41:26,519
the South Lawn of the White House and
the only people there
694
00:41:26,519 --> 00:41:30,059
were a hundred and fifty middle school
students from
695
00:41:30,059 --> 00:41:33,529
I'm schools around Washington DC
696
00:41:33,530 --> 00:41:37,400
the president first lady and I their two
daughters
697
00:41:37,400 --> 00:41:40,460
and about 10 adults who weren't allowed
to say a thing
698
00:41:40,460 --> 00:41:43,659
except look through this and if the
telescope on
699
00:41:43,659 --> 00:41:48,409
and the whole point of this was to get

kids excited and to show kids

700
00:41:48,409 --> 00:41:52,259
that you know the present in the United
States cares
701
00:41:52,260 --> 00:41:55,780
about science education he wants them to
care
702
00:41:55,780 --> 00:41:59,780
about science education and the only
adult who talked that evening was the
703
00:41:59,780 --> 00:42:00,519
president
704
00:42:00,519 --> 00:42:04,579
talking to the kids for about 10 minutes
telling them how important science and
705
00:42:04,579 --> 00:42:04,990
math
706
00:42:04,989 --> 00:42:08,319
education are on now
707
00:42:08,320 --> 00:42:12,240
that's just one event but it's the sort
above and
708
00:42:12,239 --> 00:42:15,949
that can start changing a changing that
709
00:42:15,949 --> 00:42:19,139
the culture more tangibly and
710

00:42:19,139 --> 00:42:22,409

the there's been a lot of money that was
put in
711
00:42:22,409 --> 00:42:27,118
a a lot a bit from stimulus money that
was put into science and math
712
00:42:27,119 --> 00:42:31,750
education K-twelve science and math
education probably the most visible was
713
00:42:31,750 --> 00:42:35,389
the race to the top competition among
states
714
00:42:35,389 --> 00:42:38,618
which I won't go into that many of you
know about this on
715
00:42:38,619 --> 00:42:43,230
it was 4.3 billion dollars that stated
to compete for
716
00:42:43,230 --> 00:42:47,300
and many many many
717
00:42:47,300 --> 00:42:50,470
points a huge advantage went to those
states
718
00:42:50,469 --> 00:42:54,429
that put a strong focus on K-twelve
science and math
719
00:42:54,429 --> 00:42:57,529
education in fact the states that have
been that

720
00:42:57,530 --> 00:43:00,930
that won that competition have very
strong components
721
00:43:00,929 --> 00:43:04,879
for science and math on
722
00:43:04,880 --> 00:43:09,010
one of the programs under a
723
00:43:09,010 --> 00:43:13,190
educate to innovate that I know quite a
bit about
724
00:43:13,190 --> 00:43:18,570
was a one that was spawned undereducated
innovate but then spun out
725
00:43:18,570 --> 00:43:21,780
it's a program called change the
equation or an initiative called change
726
00:43:21,780 --> 00:43:22,720
the equation
727
00:43:22,719 --> 00:43:26,139
and it's a corporate initiative that's
led by CEOs
728
00:43:26,139 --> 00:43:31,150
around the country and who are aligning
and leveraging
729
00:43:31,150 --> 00:43:34,269
their efforts near company's efforts
730
00:43:34,269 --> 00:43:38,889

to transform science and math education

in the United States
731
00:43:38,889 --> 00:43:41,900
the board is composed of Craig Barrett
he's the
732
00:43:41,900 --> 00:43:46,099
the former CEO Intel I'm the vice chair
of the board Craig is that
733
00:43:46,099 --> 00:43:49,260
is the chair herschel a burns is the CEO
of
734
00:43:49,260 --> 00:43:52,680
Xerox Antonio per as the CEO of kodak
735
00:43:52,679 --> 00:43:57,368
I'm Glenn Britt CEO love a nap time
warner cable
736
00:43:57,369 --> 00:44:02,329
I'm these there now 110 member companies
all signed up by their
737
00:44:02,329 --> 00:44:06,339
their CEOs and they consider this to be
a business imperative
738
00:44:06,338 --> 00:44:10,759
this is in lighten self-interest for
them they know that they need
739
00:44:10,760 --> 00:44:13,839
a scientists and engineers and
740
00:44:13,838 --> 00:44:18,599

in greater numbers and in enough

higher-quality
741
00:44:18,599 --> 00:44:22,800
van the system is sending their sending
their way
742
00:44:22,800 --> 00:44:25,890
am there the whole initiative
743
00:44:25,889 --> 00:44:30,670
is dedicated towards preparing students
for STEM related careers for science
744
00:44:30,670 --> 00:44:31,700
engineering
745
00:44:31,699 --> 00:44:36,549
technology math related careers and
creating a scientifically literate
746
00:44:36,550 --> 00:44:40,630
an literate workforce on it finally let
me tell you
747
00:44:40,630 --> 00:44:44,380
up a all a little bit about a program
that you probably know much more about
748
00:44:44,380 --> 00:44:45,599
than I do
749
00:44:45,599 --> 00:44:49,250
but I know quite a bit about it sister
program
750
00:44:49,250 --> 00:44:52,579
Cal teach which is a

751
00:44:52,579 --> 00:44:55,920
a a great program that
752
00:44:55,920 --> 00:44:59,559
gives undergraduate physics chemistry
753
00:44:59,559 --> 00:45:04,509
biology math engineering and geology
majors
754
00:45:04,510 --> 00:45:08,390
the opportunity to simultaneously take
education
755
00:45:08,389 --> 00:45:11,819
courses so that I'm
756
00:45:11,820 --> 00:45:16,109
within four years they can graduate with
both a degree in physics
757
00:45:16,108 --> 00:45:20,500
and teaching credential essentially so
it really raises the
758
00:45:20,500 --> 00:45:23,889
and increases the number above
759
00:45:23,889 --> 00:45:28,139
highly qualified science and math
teachers
760
00:45:28,139 --> 00:45:31,239
that that the University produces
761
00:45:31,239 --> 00:45:36,588

this program unfamiliar with the out

with the program at UT Austin
762
00:45:36,588 --> 00:45:40,659
up where it before it began several
years ago and at UT Austin
763
00:45:40,659 --> 00:45:46,250
its M a increased by a factor of 20
764
00:45:46,250 --> 00:45:51,440
the number love undergraduate physical
sciences biological sciences engineering
765
00:45:51,440 --> 00:45:52,750
math majors
766
00:45:52,750 --> 00:45:56,068
who go on to get to go into teaching
767
00:45:56,068 --> 00:46:00,539
I'm it's now being replicated at 22
colleges and universities around the
768
00:46:00,539 --> 00:46:01,349
country
769
00:46:01,349 --> 00:46:04,440
Berkeley was one of the first to
replicate this
770
00:46:04,440 --> 00:46:08,220
this program and it's it's really a good
program because
771
00:46:08,219 --> 00:46:12,559
at key to solving the problem are making
progress

772
00:46:12,559 --> 00:46:15,818
in the problem science education is
increasing
773
00:46:15,818 --> 00:46:20,099
the effectiveness k 12 teachers
particularly the effectiveness
774
00:46:20,099 --> 00:46:23,480
for K-twelve science
775
00:46:23,480 --> 00:46:27,210
and and and math teachers I'm
remembrances
776
00:46:27,210 --> 00:46:31,369
this statistic from earlier on that
ninety percent of middle school physical
777
00:46:31,369 --> 00:46:35,318
sciences students so all middle school
students take physical sciences
778
00:46:35,318 --> 00:46:38,989
ninety percent of them are being taught
physical sciences
779
00:46:38,989 --> 00:46:42,729
by someone who doesn't have a credential
not subject wouldn't it be better to
780
00:46:42,730 --> 00:46:43,400
have them
781
00:46:43,400 --> 00:46:46,700
be taught by somebody with said a
bachelor's in physics

782
00:46:46,699 --> 00:46:52,389
I'm its it certainly it certainly would
783
00:46:52,389 --> 00:46:56,309
well I'm just a just two wrap this up
784
00:46:56,309 --> 00:47:00,750
I'm in 1957
785
00:47:00,750 --> 00:47:04,679
when the Soviet Union watch launch
sputnik which was that
786
00:47:04,679 --> 00:47:08,318
the world's first satellite ever
787
00:47:08,318 --> 00:47:13,210
I'm that act so shocked the United
States
788
00:47:13,210 --> 00:47:16,829
that science and math education on
789
00:47:16,829 --> 00:47:20,589
creating the next generation of
scientists and engineers in this country
790
00:47:20,588 --> 00:47:23,759
became a huge national priority
791
00:47:23,760 --> 00:47:27,369
I'm in the early sixties science and
math curriculum
792
00:47:27,369 --> 00:47:30,588
were completely revamped and

793
00:47:30,588 --> 00:47:34,019
the goal I'm sending and sending a
794
00:47:34,019 --> 00:47:37,929
a human to the moon and bringing him
safely
795
00:47:37,929 --> 00:47:43,899
back to earth was created partly to put
this focus a tangible focus
796
00:47:43,900 --> 00:47:47,550
on the important stuff science and
technology into
797
00:47:47,550 --> 00:47:51,490
to demonstrate the technical prowess
that we had in
798
00:47:51,489 --> 00:47:54,949
in this country I'm when I was growing
up
799
00:47:54,949 --> 00:47:58,779
which was right around then shortly
after that
800
00:47:58,780 --> 00:48:01,869
right in the middle of all this focus on
science and
801
00:48:01,869 --> 00:48:06,980
and math education I'm it was really
cool to be a scientist or engineer
802
00:48:06,980 --> 00:48:11,338
on your kids grew up dreaming of

building rockets to the stars

803
00:48:11,338 --> 00:48:14,338
they grew up dreaming up finding life on
804
00:48:14,338 --> 00:48:18,088
on mars on science and engineering were
very
805
00:48:18,088 --> 00:48:22,159
were very cool in the nineteen sixties
and early seventies
806
00:48:22,159 --> 00:48:25,279
we need to make science school again I'm
807
00:48:25,280 --> 00:48:28,849
when I was a little girl I was dreamed
of flying in space
808
00:48:28,849 --> 00:48:32,440
and amazingly enough I still can't
believe it to this day
809
00:48:32,440 --> 00:48:35,559
that dream came true for me now it's up
to
810
00:48:35,559 --> 00:48:40,739
all of us to ensure that this generation
of students
811
00:48:40,739 --> 00:48:46,459
in school today has access to a high
quality education
812
00:48:46,460 --> 00:48:50,539
so that the boys and the girls can build

the foundation
813
00:48:50,539 --> 00:48:54,809
that will enable them to reach for the
stars and achieve their dreams to you
814
00:48:54,809 --> 00:49:01,809
thank you very much
815
00:49:11,050 --> 00:49:12,700
think that with
816
00:49:12,699 --> 00:49:15,879
on von people