The Project Gutenberg Ebook of Bacon, by R.W. Church

The Project Gutenberg EBook of Bacon, by Richard William Church
This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or
re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.net
Title: Bacon
English Men Of Letters, Edited By John Morley
Author: Richard William Church
Release Date: October 29, 2004 [EBook #13888]
Language: English
Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK BACON ***
Produced by Juliet Sutherland, Michael Punch and the PG Online

Distributed Proofreading Team.
BACON
BY
R.W. CHURCH
DEAN OF ST. PAUL'S
HONORARY FELLOW OF ORIEL COLLEGE
NEW YORK
HARPER & BROTHERS, PUBLISHERS
FRANKLIN SQUARE
-----------------------------------------------------------------------ENGLISH MEN OF LETTERS.
EDITED BY JOHN MORLEY.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------JOHNSON
Leslie Stephen.
LOCKE Thomas Fowler.
GIBBON J.C. Morison. WORDSWORTH
F. Myers.
SCOTT R.H. Hutton.
DRYDEN G. Saintsbury.
SHELLEY
J.A. Symonds. LANDOR Sidney Colvin.
HUME
T.H. Huxley.
DE QUINCEY
David Masson.
GOLDSMITH
William Black. LAMB
Alfred Ainger.
DEFOE William Minto. BENTLEY
R.C. Jebb.
BURNS J.C. Shairp.
DICKENS
A.W. Ward.
SPENSER
R.W. Church.
GRAY
E.W. Gosse.
THACKERAY
Anthony Trollope.
SWIFT Leslie Stephen.
BURKE John Morley.
STERNE H.D. Traill.
MILTON Mark Pattison. MACAULAY
J. Cotter Morison.
HAWTHORNE
Henry James, Jr.
FIELDING
Austin Dobson.
SOUTHEY
E. Dowden.
SHERIDAN
Mrs. Oliphant
CHAUCER
A.W. Ward.
ADDISON
W.J. Courthope.
BUNYAN J.A. Froude.
BACON R.W. Church.
COWPER Goldwin Smith. COLERIDGE
H.D. Traill.
POPE
Leslie Stephen.
SIR PHILIP SIDNEY
J.A. Symonds.
BYRON John Nichol.
KEATS Sidney Colvin.
12mo, Cloth, 75 cents per volume.
/Other volumes in preparation./
-----------------------------------------------------------------------PUBLISHED BY HARPER & BROTHERS, NEW YORK.
/Any of the above works will be sent by mail, postage prepaid, to any
part of the United States or Canada, on receipt of the price./
-----------------------------------------------------------------------PREFACE.
In preparing this sketch it is needless to say how deeply I am indebted
to Mr. Spedding and Mr. Ellis, the last editors of Bacon's writings, the
very able and painstaking commentators, the one on Bacon's life, the
other on his philosophy. It is impossible to overstate the affectionate
care and high intelligence and honesty with which Mr. Spedding has
brought together and arranged the materials for an estimate of Bacon's
character. In the result, in spite of the force and ingenuity of much of
his pleading, I find myself most reluctantly obliged to differ from him;
it seems to me to be a case where the French saying, cited by Bacon in
one of his commonplace books, holds good"/Par trop se dbattre, la
vrit se perd/."^1 <#footnote1> But this does not diminish the debt of
gratitude which all who are interested about Bacon must owe to Mr.
Spedding. I wish also to acknowledge the assistance which I have
received from Mr. Gardiner's /History of England/ and Mr. Fowler's
edition of the /Novum Organum/; and not least from M. de Rmusat's work
on Bacon, which seems to me the most complete and the most just estimate
both of Bacon's character and work which has yet appeared; though even
in this clear and dispassionate survey we are reminded by some
misconceptions, strange in M. de Rmusat, how what one nation takes for
granted is incomprehensible to its neighbour; and what a gap there is
still, even in matters of philosophy and literature, between the whole
Continent and ourselves
"Penitus toto divisos orbe Britannos."

-----------------------------------------------------------------------CONTENTS.
*CHAPTER I.*
PAGE
EARLY LIFE <#CHAPTER_I>
1 <#Page_1>
*CHAPTER II.*
BACON AND ELIZABETH <#CHAPTER_II>
26 <#Page_26>
*CHAPTER III.*
BACON AND JAMES I. <#CHAPTER_III>
55 <#Page_55>
*CHAPTER IV.*
BACON SOLICITOR-GENERAL <#CHAPTER_IV> 77 <#Page_77>
*CHAPTER V.*
BACON ATTORNEY-GENERAL AND CHANCELLOR <#CHAPTER_V>
95 <#Page_95>
*CHAPTER VI.*
BACON'S FALL <#CHAPTER_VI>
118 <#Page_118>
*CHAPTER VII.*
BACON'S LAST YEARS1621-1626 <#CHAPTER_VII>
149 <#Page_149>
*CHAPTER VIII.*
BACON'S PHILOSOPHY <#CHAPTER_VIII>
168 <#Page_168>
*CHAPTER IX.*
BACON AS A WRITER <#CHAPTER_IX>
198 <#Page_198>
-----------------------------------------------------------------------CHAPTER I.
EARLY LIFE.
The life of Francis Bacon is one which it is a pain to write or to read.
It is the life of a man endowed with as rare a combination of noble
gifts as ever was bestowed on a human intellect; the life of one with
whom the whole purpose of living and of every day's work was to do great
things to enlighten and elevate his race, to enrich it with new powers,
to lay up in store for all ages to come a source of blessings which
should never fail or dry up; it was the life of a man who had high
thoughts of the ends and methods of law and government, and with whom
the general and public good was regarded as the standard by which the
use of public power was to be measured; the life of a man who had
struggled hard and successfully for the material prosperity and opulence
which makes work easy and gives a man room and force for carrying out
his purposes. All his life long his first and never-sleeping passion was
the romantic and splendid ambition after knowledge, for the conquest of
nature and for the service of man; gathering up in himself the spirit
and longings and efforts of all discoverers and inventors of the arts,
as they are symbolised in the mythical Prometheus. He rose to the
highest place and honour; and yet that place and honour were but the
fringe and adornment of all that made him great. It is difficult to
imagine a grander and more magnificent career; and his name ranks among
the few chosen examples of human achievement. And yet it was not only an
unhappy life; it was a poor life. We expect that such an overwhelming
weight of glory should be borne up by a character corresponding to it in
strength and nobleness. But that is not what we find. No one ever had a
greater idea of what he was made for, or was fired with a greater desire
to devote himself to it. He was all this. And yet being all this, seeing
deep into man's worth, his capacities, his greatness, his weakness, his
sins, he was not true to what he knew. He cringed to such a man as
Buckingham. He sold himself to the corrupt and ignominious Government of
James I. He was willing to be employed to hunt to death a friend like
Essex, guilty, deeply guilty, to the State, but to Bacon the most loving
and generous of benefactors. With his eyes open he gave himself up
without resistance to a system unworthy of him; he would not see what
was evil in it, and chose to call its evil good; and he was its first
and most signal victim.
Bacon has been judged with merciless severity. But he has also been
defended by an advocate whose name alone is almost a guarantee for the
justness of the cause which he takes up, and the innocency of the client
for whom he argues. Mr. Spedding devoted nearly a lifetime, and all the
resources of a fine intellect and an earnest conviction, to make us
revere as well as admire Bacon. But it is vain. It is vain to fight
against the facts of his life: his words, his letters. "Men are made
up," says a keen observer, "of professions, gifts, and talents; and also
of /themselves/."^2 <#footnote2> With all his greatness, his splendid
genius, his magnificent ideas, his enthusiasm for truth, his passion to
be the benefactor of his kind; with all the charm that made him loved by
good and worthy friends, amiable, courteous, patient, delightful as a
companion, ready to take any troublethere was in Bacon's "self" a deep
and fatal flaw. He was a pleaser of men. There was in him that subtle
fault, noted and named both by philosophy and religion in the f
Ait tl, th f St. Paul, hich i m c mm tha it
i laat t thi, v i g d l, but hich if it bc m
d miat i a chaact i ui u t tuth ad . H a f th
mth a may f thmh a uabl t la thi imagiati
f m th imi f t ad immdiat , fac t fac ith
thmlv. It m a if h caid it c duct th ladig ul f
hi hil hy f atu, /ad vicitu/. I b th ld, m al ad
hyical, h flt himlf c mad by vat f c, iitibl by
dict iti . M h m h atd t big ud t hi u
a tag, a fact y, a btiat, a imtabl a th
h ma f th atual ld. It a u attacig i f t, ad by
a dict tial f tgth, l li Elizabth Ccil Jam; h
might a ll thi f f cig m atual i dfiac f atual
la. Th fit d f hi tachig ab ut atu i that h mut b
by bvati f h tdci ad dmad; th am adical
di iti f tm val itlf i hi dalig ith m: thy,
t , mut b by yildig t thm, by adatig himlf t thi m d
ad d; by yig it th dift f thi hum u, by ubtly ad
liatly fallig i ith it, by cicuit u ad idict c, th
fuit f vigilac ad atit th ught. H th ught t dict, hil
ubmittig aatly t b dictd. But h mit hi tgth.
Natu ad ma a difft , ad ud difft la. H ch
t la ma, ad t t f ll hat hi ul mut hav t ld him a
th btt ay. H atd, i hi dalig ith m, that icity
hich h iitd t gly i hi dalig ith atu ad ldg.
Ad th ui f a gat lif a th c uc.
Faci Bac a b i L d th 22d f Jauay, 1560/61, th
ya bf Galil . H a b at Y H u, i th Stad; th
h u hich, th ugh it bl gd t th Achbih f Y , had b
latly tatd by L d K ad L d Chacll , i hich Bac
himlf aftad livd a L d Chacll , ad hich ad aft hi
fall it th had f th Du f Bucigham, h ha lft hi ma i
th Wat Gat hich i , fa f m th iv, i th gad f
th Tham Embamt. Hi fath a Si Nich la Bac , Elizabth'
fit L d K, th fagmt f h ffigy i th Cyt f St.
Paul' i f th f lic f th ld Cathdal bf th fi.
Hi ucl by maiag a that William Ccil h a t b L d
Bughly. Hi m th, th it f Lady Ccil, a f th daught
f Si At y C , a d i th c fidc f th f mig
aty, h had b tut f Edad VI. Sh a a maabl ma,
highly acc mlihd aft th fahi f th ladi f h aty, ad a
uld bc m h fath' daught ad th aut ad lab i u family
t hich h bl gd. Sh a "xuiitly illd i th G ad
Lati t gu;" h a ai atly ligi u, acc dig t th
uc m miig ligi hich th xil had b ught bac ith thm f m
Gva, Stabug, ad Zuich, ad hich a i Calvi' th l gy a
luti f all th difficulti, ad i hi dicili a mdy f all
th vil, f maid. Thi ma that hi b yh d f m th fit a
ad am g th high lac f th ldat f th gatt ci
f Eglih hit yi th vy ct ad f cu f it agitati . H
a b ught u am g th chif ad lad f th iig ligi , i
th h u f th gatt ad m t ful f th Stat, ad
atually, a thi child, at tim i th C ut f th Qu, h j d
ith him, ad calld him "h y ug L d K." It ma al that th
ligi u atm h i hich h a b ught u a that f th act
ad aggiv Puitaim, hich a t atifid ith th c m mi
f th Elizabtha Rf mati , ad hich a i th m al vty ad
icaacity f may f it chif a f agait th gat taditi al
ytm f th Chuch hich Elizabth a l ath t at ith, ad hich,
i it f all it t ad ivitabl h tc mig, h litical
agacity taught h t vc ad tut.
At th ag f tlv h a t t Cambidg, ad ut ud Whitgift at
Tiity. It i a uti hich cu c tiually t ad ab ut
th tim ad thi c ci u b y, hat b y th? F hatv
a th laig f th uiviti, th b y t thi lac ith
m ad c td ith thm, haig uch ldg a m had, ad
f mig xci ad haig lctu acc dig t th tadad f
m. G tiu at lv a th uil ad c mai f Scalig ad th
lad bad f Lyd; at f ut h a at f th c may hich
t ith th ambaad f th Stat-Gal t Hy IV.; at ixt
h a calld t th ba, h ublihd a ut- f-th-ay Lati it,
Matiau Calla, ith a lad c mmtay, ad h a th
c dt f D Th u. Wh Bac a hadly ixt h a admittd
t th S city f "Acit" f Gay' I, ad h t i th h uh ld
f Si Amya Pault, th Qu' Ambaad , t Fac. H thu t
t ya i Fac, t i Pai al , but at Bl i, T u, ad
P iti. If thi a c ci u, th i idicati that it a
th ught c ci u. It ly mat that clv ad miig b y
ali a ciatd ith m i im tat bui tha i cut may .
Th ld ad th y ug had bga t t gth . Pha thy
flt that th a l tim t a. I it f itac f
l gvity, lif a h t f th avag f buy m, f th
c diti f lif .
T c llcti ly hav b vd f hi aly ya. O i
that, a h t ld hi chalai, D. Raly, lat i lif, h had
dic vd, a fa bac a hi Cambidg day, th "ufuitful" f
Ait tl' mth d. It i ay t ma t much f thi. It i t
uc mm f udgaduat t citici thi txt-b ; it a th
fahi ith clv m, a, f itac, M taig, t tal agait
Ait tl ith ut ig aythig ab ut him; it i t uc mm f m
h hav d ut a gat ida t fid tac f it, cai u

g ud, i thi b yih thiig. Still, it i th tig that Bac
himlf blivd that hi fudamtal ual ith Ait tl had bgu
ith th fit ff t f th ught, ad that thi i th c llcti
maiig f hi aly tdcy i culati . Th th i m
tut thy, ad xhibit that ivtiv hich a chaactitic f
hi mid. H tll u i th /D Augmti/ that h h a i Fac
h ccuid himlf ith dviig a im vd ytm f cyh-itiga
thig f daily ad idiabl u f ival tatm ad ival
itigu. But th ivtigati , ith it call th calculatig ad
c mbiig faculti, uld al itt him, a a xaml f th
dic vy f by th huma mid.
I th bgiig f 1579 Bac , at ight, a calld h m by hi
fath' dath. Thi a a gat bl t hi ct. Hi fath had
t acc mlihd hat h had itdd f him, ad Faci Bac a
lft ith ly a y ug ' "a ti ." What a , h l t
h cdit uld hav vd him i high lac. H td
lif, t a h might hav xctd, iddt ad ith c ut fav u
hi id, but ith hi vy livlih d t gaia c mtit at th
b tt m f th ladd f at ag ad c utac. Thi gat chag i
hi f tu t ld vy ufav uably hi hai, hi uful,
ad, it mut b addd, hi chaact. H acctd it, idd,
mafully, ad at c th himlf it th tudy f th la a th
fi by hich h a t liv. But th la, th ugh it a th ly
ath t him, a t th hich uitd hi giu, hi bjct
i lif. T th lat h d had ad faithfully, but ith d ubtful
utati a t hi ucc, ad ctaily agait th gai. Ad thi
a t th t. T ma u f th l f that tat i lif f
hich hi fath' utimly dath had divd him, h bcam, f
alm t th t f hi lif, th m t im tuat ad m t utiig f
uit .
I 1579 1580 Bac t u hi ab d at Gay' I, hich f a l g
tim a hi h m. H t th ugh th vai u t f hi fi .
H bga, hat h v dic tiud, hi at ad humbl aal t
hi lativ th gat L d Bughly, t ml y him i th Qu'
vic, t ut him i m lac f iddc: th ugh L d
Bughly' fav u h m t hav b uhd at hi I, h, i
1586, h a a Bch; ad i 1584 h cam it Paliamt f Mlc mb
Rgi. H t m mall at i Paliamt; but th ly c d f hi
ch i c taid i a uly t f Rc d Flt d, h it
a a ld mmb might d f a y ug talig . H at agai
f Liv l i th ya f th Amada (1588), ad hi am bgi t
aa i th cdig. Th aly ya, , buy .
I thm Bac laid th f udati f hi bvati ad judgmt
m ad affai; ad i thm th gat u ad f hi lif a
c civd ad had. But thy a m bcu ya tha might hav
b xctd i th ca f a ma f Bac ' giu ad family, ad f
uch ag ad uc cald di t i ad b at . N d ubt h
a ft ichd i hi ma; hi halth a a, ad h a dlicat
ad fatidi u i hi ca f it. Plugd i , h livd vy much a
a clu i hi chamb, ad a th ught t b vd, ad hat
th h dilid him calld a gat. But Bac a
ambiti uambiti u, i th fit lac, f th Qu' tic ad
fav u. H a vatil, billiat, c utly, bid big hi fath'
; ad c idig h aidly b ld ad billiat m abl t
uh thi ay ad ta th Qu' fav u by t m, it m tag
that Bac h uld hav maid fixdly i th had. S mthig mut
hav t him bac. Bughly a t th ma t glct a uful
itumt ith uch g d ill t v him. But all that M. Sddig'
iduty ad f ud itt i th ubjct ha b ught t gth
th but a uctai light Bac ' l g dia itmt. Wa it th
td migivig f a ma f affai li Bughly at that ai at
c tmt f all xitig ldg, ad that ud ubtig c fidc i
hi t ma m , a thy v had , hich Bac a
v fig? O a it mthig ft ad v- bui u i
chaact hich mad th ucl, h ll hat m h atd,
diiclid t c uag ad ml y th h? Wa Faci t had
ugh, t a ugh, t full f ida, t much aliv t th
hai f cut d cti ad agumt ligi ad licy? Wa
t imi , mad by bjcti ival vi? O
h t
did h h ig f atig bacb t tad amid difficulti ad
thatig ct? Did Bughly mthig i him f th
liability hich h c uld mmb a th vicabl uality f hi
y ug dayhich uitd th day f aid chag, but t day h
chag a u d t b v, ad h th ualiti hich atd
th hich it ad dfy it? Th ly thig that i cla i
that Bughly, i it f Bac ' c tiual alicati , abtaid t
th lat f m advacig hi f tu.
Whth ml yd by g vmt t, Bac bga at thi tim t
a th cafully-itt a th ublic affai f th day,
f hich h ha lft a g d may. I u day thy uld hav b
amhlt magazi aticl. I hi thy ciculatd i
maucit, ad ly ccai ally itd. Th fit f ay im tac
i a ltt f advic t th Qu, ab ut th ya 1585, th licy
t b f ll d ith a vi t ig i chc th R ma Cath lic
itt at h m ad ab ad. It i calm, agaci u, ad, acc dig t
th fahi f th ag, lightly Machiavllia. But th fit ubjct
hich Bac xhibitd hi chaactitic ualiti, hi aciati f
fact, hi balac f th ught, ad hi , h t ally
c mmittd, f tadig al f f m th diay judic ad
aumti f m ud him, a th ligi u c diti ad ct
f th Eglih Chuch. Bac had b b ught u i a Puita h uh ld
f th taitt ct. Hi m th a a at, v, ad it lat
Calviit, d i th itt ad cau f h aty, bittly
tig all attmt t i d it ti . Sh a a
matful ma, claimig t mddl ith h b th-i-la' licy,
ad th ugh a m t affcti at m th h a a ma f vi lt ad
ug vabl tm. H ltt t h At y, h m h l vd
ai atly, but h m h uctd f ig dag u ad aitical
c may, h u th imi u iit i hich h claimd t itf
ith h ; ad thy h al that i Faci h did t fid all
th dfc hich h l d f . Rc mmdig At y t fut "th
ligi u xci f th ic t," h a him t t f ll
hi b th' advic xaml. At y a advid t u ay tic
a day ith hi vat. "Y u b th," h add, "i t gligt
thi." Sh i axi u ab ut At y' halth, ad a him t t
fall it hi b th' ill- dd habit: "I vily thi y u
b th' a t mach t digt hath b much caud ad c fimd by
utimly g ig t bd, ad th muig /ci uid/ h h h uld
l, ad th i c ut by lat iig ad l g lyig i bd,
hby hi m a mad l thful ad himlf c tiuth icly. But my
hat t t ha t thi m th' g d c ul i tim t
vt." It m cla that Faci Bac had h hi m th that
t ly i th ca f hi halth, but i hi judgmt ligi u
matt, h mat t g hi ay. M. Sddig thi that h mut
hav had much ifluc him; it m m lily that h td
h itfc, ad that th had ad a a gac hich h ad
it th G l ducd i him a t g acti . Bac a bui u
t th tyay f , but h a v iclid t b t th tyay
f ii ; ad th tyay f Puita ifallibility a th lat thig
t hich h a lily t ubmit. Hi m th uld hav ihd him t
it ud Catight ad Tav. Th fid f hi ch ic a th
Aglica ach, D. Ad, t h m h ubmittd all hi , ad
h m h calld hi "iuiit gal;" ad h a ud t ig
himlf th uil f Whitgift, ad t it f himth achbih f
h m Lady Bac t t h At y, vilig th dag u timt
i G, "that h a th ui f th Chuch, f h l vd hi
gl y m tha Chit'."
Ctaily, i th maabl a /C t vi i th Chuch/
(1589), Bac had cad t fl t a a a Puita. Th a i
a attmt t c m th c t vy by itig ut th mita i
judgmt, i tm, ad i mth d b th id. It i tily uli
hat a Puita uld hav itt: it i t m dat, t t lat, t
utal, th ugh li m t ay f c ciliati it i t th
j id f m b th idctaily f m th Puitathat it bg th
uti by aumig th uim tac f th matt ab ut hich ach
c tdd ith much zal. It i th c fimati , but al th
c mlmt, ad i m ay th c cti f H ' c tm ay
vi f th ual hich a thatig th lif f th Eglih
Chuch, ad t v H c uld b c mhiv ad fai. F
H had t dfd much that a idfibl: h had t dfd a
gat taditi al ytm, jut c vuld by a m t tmd u h ca
h c ad altati , a Bac ay, "th gatt ad m t dag u
that ca b i a Stat," i hich ld cl ad habit ad ul
c fud ad all but l t; i hich a fightful am ut f al
icaacity ad thl had, f m h at f m, i t th
high lac f th Chuch; ad i hich f c ad vi lc, mtim f
th m t hatful id, had c m t b acctd a diay itumt
i th g vmt f ul. H flt t t gly th ufai, th
f lly, th it lat aggiv, th maligity f hi th
a t much aliv t th g iflictd by thm hi id, ad
t th icdibl abudity f thi agumtt d jutic t hat a
ly t al i th chag ad c mlait f th t. But
Bac cam f m th vy hat f th Puita cam. H had th
iid f Puitaimit bt a ll a it t id. H it t
th humility, th c citi u, th lab u, th laig, th
hatd f i ad g, f may f it ach. H had had, ad
had ith ymathy, all that c uld b ugd agait th bih '
admiitati , ad agait a ytm f lgal i i th am f
th Chuch. Wh ligi u lmt c fudly mixd, ad h
ach id had aatly much t ug bhalf f it claim, h a
th d mita f l ftily ig ig fact, ad f at f atic ad
f baac ith th h cadalid at abu, hil th abu,
i m ca m t u, t latd ad tud t fit. T ad
th bih ad thi licy, th ugh hi laguag i vy ctful,
f th g vmt a imlicatd, h i vy v. Thy uih ad
tai, but thy d t thmlv md thi ay uly hat a
atig; ad thi a "/ijui tti um/""ijui c m f m thm
that hav th uhad." But H himlf did t ut hi fig m
tuly ad m uly th al michif f th Puita m vmt:
th imm utba i it f ua abl aty iit ad viibl
al ambiti "th a th tu ucc f Di th ad t
my l d bih " th gadual dvl mt f th Puita th y till
it cam at lat t claim a umacy a uuti abl ad it lat a
that f th Paacy; th vil affctati f th fahi f Gva
ad Stabug; th vty ad f lih f much f th Puita
tachigit iability t atify th gat uti hich it aid i

th ul, it u thy dalig ith Scitu"ad xaml, c citd
ifc, ad f cd allui , hich mi it all ctaity f
ligi ""th d, th bad f lif, thy t u ad d , thy
ba it t;" thi udvaluig f m al th, if it did t a
i thi ha l gy"a thy cu vitu u m by th am f
/civil/ ad /m al/, d thy cu m tuly ad g dly i, h
it th vaity f thi ati , by th am f / litiu/,
ayig that thi id m i but caal ad av uig f ma' bai."
Bac a that th Puita aimig at a tyay hich, if thy
tablihd it, uld b m c mhiv, m achig, ad m
cul tha that f th ld ytm; but h th ught it a m t ad
im babl dag, ad that thy might afly b t latd f th
thy did i ducati ad achig, "bcau th f xh tati
d th chifly t u th m, ad thy hav a zal ad hat f i."
But h d by aig thm lt "that b tu hich f thi
advai aid, /that thy hav but t mall at ldg ad
l v/." O c mlait that h ma f thm i a cui u itac f th
chag f flig, at lat f laguag, m al ubjct. H
accu thm f "havig ucd gally, ad ith ut diffc,
all ututh ulaful," f gtful f th Egytia midiv, ad Rahab,
ad S l m , ad v f Him "h , th m t t uch th hat f th
dicil ith a h ly dalliac, mad a th ugh h uld hav ad
Emmau." H i thiig f thi failu t aly a icil hich a
chaactitic f hi m d f th ught, that v a tatmt ab ut a
vitu li vacity "hath limit a all thig l hav;" but it i dd
t fid Bac bigig agait th Puita th c v f th chag
hich hi ag, ad Pacal aftad, b ught agait th Juit. Th
ay, bid big a ictu f th tim a gad ligi , i a
xaml f hat a t b Bac ' chaactitic tgth ad a:
hi tgth i liftig u a ubjct hich had b dgadd by ma ad
aglig diutati , it a high ad lag light, ad bigig t
ba it gat icil ad th ult f th bt huma id m ad
xic, xd i ighty ad gat maxim; hi a i
f gttig, a, i it f hi hil hy, h ft did, that th
gadt maj mi d ll- vd ad actaid mi , ad
that th uciati f a icil i t th am thig a th
alicati f it. D ubtl th i tuth i hi cl ig d; but
ach aty uld hav mad th c mmt that hat h had t v, ad
had t vd, a that by f ll ig hi c ul thy uld "l v th
h l ld btt tha a at."
"Lt thm t fa ... th f d calumy f /utality/; but lt
thm that i tu hich i aid by a i ma, /that ut/
/i c tti a ith btt tha ith id/. Th
thig hav I i all icity ad imlicity t d t uchig th
c t vi hich t ubl th Chuch f Eglad; ad that
ith ut all at ad iiuati , ad thf t li t b
gatful t ith at. N tithtadig, I tut hat ha b aid
hall fid a c dc i thi mid hich a t mbad i
atiality, ad hich /l v th h l ltt tha a at/"
U t thi tim, th ugh Bac had h d himlf caabl f taig a
b ad ad calm vi f uti hich it a th fahi am g g d
m, ad m h i i f th ula a, t tat ith
a ad hat, th a thig t dicl hi d
th ught thig f had d th u hich a t fill hi lif. H
had, idd, at th ag f tty-fiv, itt a "y uthful"
hil hical ay, t hich h gav th m u titl "/Tm i
Patu Maximu/," "th Gatt Bith f Tim." But h a thity-
h fit fid a idicati f th gat ida ad th gat
jct hich t ma hi am fam u. Thi idicati i
c taid i a at aal t L d Bughly f m hl hich
h uld t b illu y. It d a ditict ad fa-achig, ad
thy a th fit d f m him hich tll u hat a i hi hat.
Th ltt ha th itt t u f th fit a ucmt f a mi
hich, t diay mid, mut hav aad vii ay ad xtavagat,
but hich a ldidly fulfilld; th fit ditat ight f that
a f ldg hich hcf th a d t maid, but hich
ma, a h th ught, had yt td. It c tai th fam u av al"/I
hav ta all ldg t b my vic/"mad i th c fidc b
f l g ad ilt mditati ad uti ig, but mad i a iml
g d faith hich i a fa a ibl f m vai b atful.
"MY LORD,With a much c fidc a mi h t ad faithful
dv ti ut y u vic ad y u h uabl c dc ut
m ad my tat ca bd i a ma, d I c mmd mylf ut
y u L dhi. I ax mhat acit: ad thity ya i a
gat dal f ad i th h u gla. My halth, I tha G d, I fid
c fimd; ad I d t fa that acti hall imai it, bcau I
acc ut my diay c u f tudy ad mditati t b m
aiful tha m t at f acti a. I v ba a mid (i m
middl lac that I c uld dichag) t v h Majty, t a a
ma b ud S l, that l vth h u, ud Juit, that
l vth bui (f th c tmlativ lat caith m aay
h lly), but a a ma b ud a xcllt vig that
dvth th ddicati f all m' abiliti. Bid, I d t
fid i mylf much lf-l v, but that th gat at f my
th ught a t dv ll (if I b abl) f my fid, ad
amly f y u L dhi; h , big th Atla f thi c mm alth,
th h u f my h u, ad th c d f ud f my tat, I
am tid by all duti, b th f a g d ati t, ad f a u thy
ima, ad f a bligd vat, t ml y hat v I am t d
y u vic. Agai, th ma f my tat d th mhat m v m;
f th ugh I ca t accu mylf that I am ith digal
l thful, yt my halth i t t d, my c u t gt.
Latly, I c f that I hav a vat c tmlativ d a I hav
m dat civil d; f I hav ta all ldg t b my
vic; ad if I c uld ug it f t t f v, h f
th ith fiv l u diutati , c futati , ad vb iti,
th th ith blid ximt ad auicula taditi ad
im tu, hath c mmittd may il, I h I h uld big i
iduti u bvati , g udd c clui , ad fitabl
ivti ad dic vi: th bt tat f that vic. Thi,
hth it b cui ity vai gl y, atu, (if ta it
fav uably) /hilath ia/, i fixd i my mid a it ca t b
m vd. Ad I d aily , that lac f ay a abl
c utac d th big c mmadmt f m it tha f a ma' ;
hich i th thig I gatly affct. Ad f y u L dhi, ha
y u hall t fid m tgth ad l c ut i ay th.
Ad if y u L dhi hall fid , at ay tim, that I d
affct ay lac hut ay that i a ut y u L dhi
hall b c cut, ay th that I am a m t dih t ma. Ad if
y u L dhi ill t cay m , I ill t d a Aaxag a did,
h ducd himlf ith c tmlati ut v lutay vty, but
thi I ill d I ill ll th ihitac I hav, ad ucha m
la f uic vu, m ffic f gai that hall b
xcutd by duty, ad giv v all ca f vic, ad bc m
m y b -ma, a tu i i that mi f tuth hich
(h aid) lay d. Thi hich I hav it ut y u L dhi i
ath th ught tha d, big t d ith ut all at,

diguiig, vati . Whi I hav d h u b th t y u
L dhi' id m, i judgig that that ill b bt blivd f
y u L dhi hich i tut, ad t y u L dhi' g d atu,
i taiig thig f m y u. Ad v I ih y u L dhi all
hai, ad t mylf ma ad ccai t b addd t my
faithful di t d y u vic. F m my l dgig at Gay' I."
Thi ltt t hi uymathtic ad uici u, but bably t
ufidly lativ, i th y t Bac ' la f lif; hich, ith
umbl chag f f m, h f ll d t th d. That i, a
fi , tadily, i uly, ad lab i uly t t , i d t
vid th ma f livig; ad by d that, a th ultimat ad al
d f hi lif, th uuit, i a ay uattmtd bf , f all
ibl huma ldg, ad f th mth d t im v it ad ma it
u ad fuitful. Ad hi lif a caid ut. O th had it
a a c tiual ad tiaci u ig aft g vmt ml ymt,
hich c uld giv cdit t hi am ad ut m y i hi ctattmt
by gal bhavi u, by fi al vic h th ccai
ffd, by uttig hi igial ad ftil at th vic f th
g vmt, t i c fidc, ad t vc m th maift
idi iti f th i t thi that a ma h chihd th
chima f uival ldg c uld b a uful ublic vat. O th
th had, all th hil, i th ci f hi dia itmt
tiumh, th gat ubjct lay xt hi hat, fillig him ith fi
ad ai h ally t , ad t tach m t idd, ad t
u thi ldg a t c mmad atu; th gat h t b th
f m ad t f ldg i a m dful tha th
ld had yt i th f mati f laig ad ligi , ad i
th ad f civilid d i th gat tat f th Raiac
tim. T thi h gav hi bt ad dt th ught; f thi h a f
v accumulatig, ad f v aagig ad haig th ma
f bvati ad iuiy ad ivti ad mtal citicim hich
t c m i a at f th gat dig hich h had i th vii
f hi imagiati , ad f hich at lat h a ly abl t lav bl
fagmt, ic mlt aft umbl catig. Thi a t idd
th ly, but it a th d miat ad g vig, itt f hi
lif. Whth a licit f C ut fav u ublic ffic; hth
dudgig at th f th la maagig Stat cuti ; hth
itig a tu amhlt agait Sai Fath Pa ,
ivtig a "dvic" f hi I f L d Ex t giv amumt t
Qu Elizabth; hth fulfillig hi duti a mmb f Paliamt
iig t by t t th hight lac i th C ucil B ad ad
th Stat; hth i th id f ucc ud th amazmt f
uxctd ad iaabl vth , hil it md a if h a ly
mauig hi tgth agait th ival ambiti f th day, i th
am iit ad ith th am bjct a hi c mtit , th tu m tiv
f all hi ag ad all hi lab u a t thi. H atd t b
ful, ad till m t b ich; but h atd t b , bcau
ith ut ad ith ut m y h c uld t f ll hat a t him th
ly thig th f ll ig atha al ldg f th amazig ad
hitht alm t u ld i hich h had t liv. Bac , t u, at
lat, at thi ditac, h ca ly judg him f m atial ad
imfct ldg, ft m t fall fa h t f hat a ma h uld
b. H a t f th high-midd ad ud ach aft
ldg ad tuth, li Dcat, h c tt t acct a fugal
iddc that thi tim ad thi th ught might b thi .
Bac a a ma f th ld, ad ihd t liv i ad ith th ld.
H thatd mtim timt, but v ith ay vy i u
itti . I th C ut a hi lmt, ad th hi h . Oft
th m littl t ditiguih him f m th diay lac-hut,

bui u ad lfih, f vy ag; littl t ditiguih him f m th
vil ad iic flatt, f h m h himlf c mlai, h
c dd th atchamb f th gat Qu, c tt t ubmit ith
milig fac ad thaful d t th i lc f h ayad ad
tm, i th h , m ft dia itd tha t, f hittig h
tat m lucy ccai , ad big add f th accidt by a
lac f gai h u. Bac ' hit y, a ad i hi ltt, i t
a agabl ; aft vy all ac mad f th fahi f
laguag ad th citi f a uit , th i t much f iic
fi f diittd, t much f xaggatd fi f
admiati ad dv td vic, t much f diaagmt ad
iiuati agait th, f a ma h ctd himlf. H
ubmittd t much t th miabl c diti f iig hich h f ud.
But, vthl, it mut b aid that it a f ma bjct, f
m ivat lfih vaity, that h dud all thi. H
t v had t b a gat ma ad a ich ma. But it a that h might
hav hi had f ad t g ad ll fuihd t cay f ad th
d ubl ta f vth ig ig ac ad buildig u th ad lid
ldg hich hi hat a tthat imm c ut f atu
bhalf f ma hich h blivd t b ibl, ad f hich h blivd
himlf t hav th y.
Th ltt t L d Bughly did t hl him much. H civd th
vi f a lac, th Clhi f th C ucil, hich did t bc m
vacat f tty ya. But th ya f vic dclid ad lac
ithhld buy ad uful . What h a m t itt u , ad
hat ccuid hi dt ad m t i u th ught, a u t th
ld ud him, ad bably t vy itlligibl t hi f itimat
fid, uch a hi b th At y ad D. Ad. Mahil h
lacd hi at th di al f th auth iti, ad th ugh thy
gadd him m a a ma f tudy tha f actic ad xic,
thy glad t ma u f it. Hi vatil giu f ud a th
ml ymt. Bid hi affluc i t ic, h had th livlit facy
ad m t activ imagiati . But that h atd th f tic
fit ad ml dy, h might alm t b u d, ith hi ach ad lay
f th ught, t hav b caabl, a i maitaid i m cctic
m d th i, f itig Shaa' lay. N ma v had a m
imagiativ f illutati da f m th m t m t ad m t
ulily aal gi; aal gi ft f th uaitt ad m t uxctd
id, but ft al t ly flicit u i alicati but f ud ad
tu. Hi aly calld u f m f th tiv
c m iti i hich that ag dlightd ccai f j icig
ftival. Th f hi c tibuti t th "dvic" hav b
vdt
f thm c m d i h u f th Qu, a "tiumh,"
ffd by L d Ex, bably i 1592 ad a th i 1595; a thid
f a Gay' I vl i 1594. Th "dvic" thmlv f th
c mm ty f th tim, xtavagat, dd, full f aad allg y ad
abud flatty, ad uig t a lixity hich mut ma m d
l v f amumt d at th atic f th day; but th
"dic u" fuihd by Bac a full f fi bvati ad
billiat th ught ad it ad hay illutati , hich, fatatic a
th gal c cti i, ai thm fa ab v th lvl f uch
fugitiv tifl.
Am g th fagmtay a bl gig t thi tim hich hav c m
d , t th lat cui u a th hich th light hi ma f
ig. Whil h a f ll ig ut th gat ida hich t b th
bai f hi hil hy, h a a buy ad a aitaig i fahi ig
th itumt by hich thy t b xd; ad i th a
hav th c d ad cim f thi aati . H a a gat
c llct f tc, vb, u tati , ayig, illutati ,
acd t, ad h m t hav ad mtim imly t gath ha
ad at d. H j t d at ad m ay g d ad itd ma hich
c m it hi th ught hi mm y; at a th tim h g u a t f
t c u tati ith a cial dift, baig m ubjct, uch a
th fault f uiviti th habit f lay. N thig i t
miut f hi tic. H big t gth i gat fui m f m,
vaid tu f xi , had ad tail f clau ad aagah,
taiti , c cti ; h t d fahi f c mlimt, f
xcu at, v m ig ad vig alutati ; h c d
at ad c vit ig ad c cludig tc, ay f aig
m adatd tha th t giv a cial c l u dicti t hat
th a it ha t ayall that h -ad-y hich m
tivial ad a u ticd a a matt f c u, ad hich yt
i ft had t ach, ad hich ma all th diffc bt
tam ad livli, bt cla ad bcuityall th
diffc, t mly t th a ad atual, but ft t th
l gical f c f ch. Th c llcti it a hi ay t ift ad
tacib agai ad agai, addig a ll a mittig. F m f
th, bl gig t 1594 ad th f ll ig ya, th /P mu f
F mulai ad Elgaci/, M. Sddig ha giv cui u xtact;
ad th h l c llcti ha b ctly ditd by M. Hy P tt.
Thu it a that h ad himlf f hat, a ad it, a hi
audic had it, m th uggti c llcti f th m mt.
Bac a alay much m caful f th valu at f a th ught
tha f it aaig ad igial. Of all gat it h lat
mid atig himlf, ha i th vy am d; that a
imil, a illutati , a u tati la him, h tu t ith i
v tid f it; it bvi uly giv him atifacti t it duc it
agai ad agai. Th c llcti f dd ad d illutat a th
it i hi litay habit. Hi a a mid ly itiv t all
aal gi ad affiiti, imatit f a tict ad igid l gical
g v, but adig a it ttacl all id i ut f
chac y, ad uicd it a h l ytm f imagiati by th
lctic uiv imatd by a igl d, at c th y ad ymb l f
th thiig it had ld t . Ad h ut d d ha,
igmatical t u h it by itlf, hich t him uld a u a
h l tai f ida, a h mmbd th ccai f ith at a
ctai tim ad lac thi d t th h l m vig, md t bath
lif ad hd light, ad ha maid th t , maigl i
itlf, hich mid him f much.
Wh c m t ad hi ltt, hi ch, hi , c m
c tiually th ult ad f f thi aly lab u. S m f th
m t mm abl ad familia aag f hi itig a t b tacd
f m th t h u hich h filld i th ya f aati . A
xaml f thi c dc bt th t-b ad th c m iti
i t b i a a bl gig t thi i d, itt aatly t
f m at f a mau, a h himlf call it, a "C fc f
Plau," ad titld th /Pai f K ldg/. It i ittig
bcau it i th fit daught hich hav f m him f m f th
ladig ida ad m t chaactitic laguag ab ut th dfct ad th
im vmt f ldg, hich aftad mb did i th
/Advacmt/ ad th /N vum Ogaum/. Th h l iit ad aim f hi
gat f m i ummd u i th f ll ig fi aag:
"Facility t bliv, imatic t d ubt, tmity t av,
gl y t , d ubt t c tadict, d t gai, l th t ach,
ig thig i d, tig i a at f atuth ad th
li hav b th thig hich hav f bidd th hay match
bt th mid f ma ad th atu f thig, ad i lac
th f hav maid it t vai ti ad blid ximt....
Thf , d ubt, th / vigty f ma/ lith hid i
ldg; hi may thig a vd hich ig ith thi
tau ca t buy ith thi f c c mmad; thi ial ad
itlligc ca giv f thm; thi am ad
dic v ca t ail h thy g . N g v atu i
ii , but a thall ut h i city; but if c uld
b ld by h i ivti , h uld c mmad h i acti ."
T th am ccai a th dic u th /Pai f K ldg/
bl g, al , i /Pai f th Qu/. A i a aly cim
f hi ma f itig hil hy, thi i a cim f hat
a ually chaactitic f himhi litical ad hit ical itig.
It i, i f m, caily a agyic, a high-fl ad adulat y a
uch f mac i th day b ud t b. But it i t ly
flatty. It fix ith tu dicimiati th it i Elizabth'
chaact ad ig hich ally ubjct f admiati ad h mag.
Thu f h uuailig iit at th tim f th Saih ivai
"Latly, a Qu, that h h alm a t hav b ivadd
by a amy, th aati h f a li th tavail f a
lhat, th vii ifiit, th ttig f th h f a th
t ad d f Eu ; it a t that h ch, h
fahi , h diay ma a aythig altd; t a cl ud f
that t m did aa i that c utac hi ac d th v
hi; but ith xcllt auac ad advid cuity h
iid h c ucil, aimatd h bility, d ubld th c uag
f h l; till havig thi bl ahi , t ly that
h uld c mmuicat h f tu ith thm, but that it a h
that uld tct thm, ad t thy h; hich h ttifid by
l dm tati tha h c i cam. Thf that
magaimity that ith fath gat f altati , th
v f c iat , th f th my, i m tha
h ical."
Th a, th ugh h ut hi bt mahi it thm, a h
ivaiably did ith hatv h t uchd, f a amtal id. But
h did m i u . I th ya 1592 a amhlt had b ublihd
th C tit i Lati ad Eglih, /R i ad Edictum Rgi
Agli/, ith fc t th v lgilati hich f ll d th
Amada, maig uch chag agait th Qu ad th G vmt a it
a atual f th R ma Cath lic aty t ma, ad maig thm ith
th utm t viulc ad ucuul u. It a u d t b itt
by th ablt f th R ma amhlt, Fath Pa . Th G vmt
flt it t b a dag u idictmt, ad Bac a ch t it th
a t it. H had additi al itt i th matt, f th amhlt
mad a cial ad bitt attac Bughly, a th maily
ibl f th Qu' licy. Bac ' ly i l g ad lab at,
taig u vy chag, ad viig f m hi it f vi th
h l c u f th tuggl bt th Qu ad th u t f th
R ma Cath lic itt ab ad ad at h m. It ca t b c idd a
imatial vi; bid that it a itt t
d, ma i
Eglad c uld th it imatially i that ual; but it i t m
-idd ad ucadid tha th amhlt hich it a, ad Bac i
abl t cimiat ith ffct, ad t h g cdulity ad
l f ati th at f th R ma Cath lic adv cat. But
ligi had t much t d ith th litic f b th id f ith
t b abl t c m it th diut ith cla had: th R ma
Cath lic mat much m tha t lati , ad th aguiay

uihmt f th Eglih la agait it ad Juit dgd by
mthig v tha th fa f ta . But th a c tai
m lag uvy f ublic affai, hich bably at that tim
c uld it but Bac . Bac v lid t at aythig g d hich h
had itt; ad much f hat h had itt i th agyic i /Pai
f th Qu/ i mad u f agai, ad tafd ith littl chag
t th ag f th /Obvati a Libl/.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------CHAPTER II.
BACON AND ELIZABETH.
Th lat dcad f th ctuy, ad alm t f Elizabth' ig
(1590-1600), a a vtful t Bac ' f tu. I it th vii
f hi gat dig dicl d itlf m ad m t hi imagiati
ad h , ad ith m ad m iitibl faciati . I it h
mad hi fit litay vtu, th fit diti f hi /Eay/
(1597), t i umb, th fit-fuit f hi aly ad v atchful
bvati f m ad affai. Th ya, t , a hi fit t i
ublic lif, th fit ff t t big him it im tac, th fit
gat tial ad tt f hi chaact. Thy a th bgiig ad thy
a th d f hi lati ith th ly fid h , at that tim,
c gid hi giu ad hi u , ctaily th ly fid h
v uhd hi claim; thy a th g th f a fidhi hich a t
hav tagical a cl , ad thy a th bgiig ad cau f a
bitt al ivaly hich a t lat th ugh lif, ad hich a t
b a tt lmt haft i Bac ' ui. Th fid a th Eal
f Ex. Th c mtit a th ablt, ad al th m t tucult ad
ucuul u f Eglih lay, Edad C .
Whil Bac , i th had, had b layig th f udati f hi
hil hy f atu, ad vaily uig f lgal litical
ml ymt, a th ma had b tadily iig i th Qu' fav u
ad cayig all bf him at C utR bt Dvux, L d Ex; ad
ith Ex Bac had f md a acuaitac hich had id it a
itimat ad affcti at fidhi. W c mm ly thi f Ex a a
vai ad i lt fav uit, h did ill th gatt giv him t
d th ducti f Ilad; h did it ill f m m uxlaid a
f it ad michif; ad h , h calld t acc ut f it, b ut
it l ad idl blli . Thi a th d. But h a t
alay thu. H bga lif ith gat gift ad bl d; h a a
i u, m dt, ad lag-midd tudt b th f b ad thig, ad
h tud hi tudi t full acc ut. H had imagiati ad l v f
ti, hich gav him a iight it Bac ' ida uch a f
Bac ' c tm ai had. H a a ma f iml ad at ligi ;
h ymathizd m t ith th Puita, bcau thy i u ad
bcau thy hadly ud. Th h m t c dm him ac ldg
hi bl ad g ity f atu. Bac i aft day, h all
a v bt thm, f him a a ma alay /atitiimu
vi/; "th m laily ad faly y u hall dal ith my l d," h
it lh, " t ly i dicl ig aticula, but i givig him
/cavat/ ad adm ihig him f ay hich i thi acti h may
c mmit (uch i hi l dhi' atu), th btt h ill ta it." "H
mut hav md," ay M. Sddig, a littl t gadly, "i th y
f Bac li th h f th ld." Th t m, ctaily, bcam

amly attachd. Thi fidhi cam t b f th cl t id,
full f mutual vic, ad f gui affcti b th id. It a
t th lati f a gat at ad uful ddat; it a, hat
might b xctd i th t m, that f affcti at uality. Each
ma a ually caabl f ig hat th th a, ad a it. What
Ex' flig t ad Bac th ult h d. Bac , i aft
ya, atdly claimd t hav dv td hi h l tim ad lab u t
Ex' vic. H ldig him, h ay, t b "th fittt itumt t
d g d t th Stat, I alid mylf t him i a ma hich I thi
aly hath am g m; glctig th Qu' vic, mi
f tu, ad, i a t, my v cati , I did thig but advi ad
umiat ith mylf ... aythig that might c c hi l dhi'
h u, f tu, vic." Th claim i fa t id. Th "Qu'
vic" had hadly a yt c m much i Bac ' ay, ad h v
glctd it h it did c m, hi f tu v cati ; hi
ltt mai t attt hi ca i th ct. But d ubt Bac
a th a ady t b f u t Ex, th ma h md t
udtad ad valu him, a Ex a di u t b f u t Bac .
Ad it md a if Ex uld hav th ability a ll a th ih.
Ex a, ith ut xcti , th m t billiat ma h v aad
at Elizabth' C ut, ad it md a if h g ig t b th m t
ful. Lict a dad. Bughly a g ig ld, ad idi d
f th advtu ad lvity hich, ith all h gad f ulig,
Elizabth l vd. Sh dd a fav uit, ad Ex a uf tuatly
mad ut f hat h atd. H had Lict' faciati , ith ut
hi ma ad cul lfih. H a a g u, a gallat, a uic
t dcy all gat thig i at ad lif, a Phili Sidy, ith m
vig u ad fit f activ lif tha Sidy. H had t Raligh'
ad, da dth f th ught, but h had a daig c uag ual t
Raligh', ith ut Raligh' cyical c tmt f mcy ad h u. H
had vy al advatag uiit f a tim h itllct, ad
ady it, ad high-tmd val u, ad al bauty, ad ill i
affai, ith ual ill i amumt, xctd t g t gth i
th acc mlihd c uti. Ad Ex a a ma t mly t b c utd
ad admid, t hi ad dazzl, but t b l vd. Elizabth, ith h
tag ad v m ti al c tituti , l vd him, if h v
l vd ay . Evy h vd him l vd him; ad h a, a much
a ay c uld b i th day, a ula fav uit. Ud btt
f tu h might hav i t a gat hight f chaact; i
Elizabth' C ut h a fatd t b uid.
F i that C ut all th ualiti i him hich dd c t l civd
daily timulu, ad hi ad u ad high-aimig tm tud it
imatic ad tl iitability. H had a mit h a at
tim i th hum u t b tatd a a td ma, at a th a a
utag u flit, at a th a th haughtit ad m t imi u f
u; h m d vaid,
c uld tll h , ad it a m t
dag u t mita it. It a at f h lau t fid i h
fav uit a iit a high, a hum u a c tadict y ad dtmid, a
h ; it a th chamig c tat t th bui u th
udc f th t; but c uld b u at hat ul d-f
m mt, ad h ficly, h might t i at a dilay f hat
h had hlf c uagd. Ex a uid f all al gat by
havig t uit himlf t thi bildig ad m t uh l m ad
dgadig ayad. Sh taught him t thi himlf iitibl i
ii ad i claim; h amud hlf i tachig him h c mltly
h a mita. Altatly ild ad c d, h lad t b
xactig, ua abl, abud i hi ttih tmt b dig
ull. H lad t thi that h mut b dalt ith by th am
mth d hich h hlf ml yd. Th ffct a t ducd i a
m mt; it a th ult f a c utihi f ixt ya. But it
dd i c utig a bl atu. Ex cam t bliv that h h
c d th mut b fightd hlf; that th tigig ijutic
hich ld a ud ma t xct, ly t h h uld bhav h
fud, dvd t b b ught t a by a c ut-bufft a ugh
a h i lt caic. H diftd it dic tt, it
diaffcti , it glct f duty, it uti abl chmig f th
futu f a ig that mut h tly d, it cimial mth d f
guadig himlf, f humblig hi ival ad gaiig ifluc. A
"fatal imatic," a Bac call it, gav hi ival a advatag
hich, ha i lf-dfc, thy c uld t fail t ta; ad that
ca, billiat, full f mi f g d, dd i miy, i
dih u, i m , th caff ld f th T .
With thi attactiv ad ful Bac ' f tu, i th lat
ya f th ctuy, bcam m ad m it u. Bac a at
thity, Ex a f ya y ug. I it f Bac ' aat
advatag ad itt at C ut, i it f abiliti, hich, th ugh
hi giu a t yt , hi c tm ai claly c gid, h
a till a tugglig ad uuccful ma: ambiti u t i, f
u thy a , but dy, i a halth, ith cal ad xiv
habit, ad mbaad ith dbt. H had h d t i by th fav u f
th Qu ad f th a f hi fath. F m ill-xlaid a
h a t th lat dia itd. Th ugh h ud him "f matt f
tat ad vu," h ith did t li him, did t i him
th vat h atd t advac. H t t th lat ig hi
ucl, L d Bughly. H alid i th humblt tm, h mad himlf
uful ith hi , h g t hi m th t it f him; but L d
Bughly, bably bcau h th ught hi h m f a ma f
ltt tha a ud lay ad actical ublic vat, did t ca
t big him f ad. F m hi c ui, R bt Ccil, Bac civd
lit d ad fidly auac. Ccil may hav udvalud him,
hav b jal u f him, uctd him a a fid f Ex; h
ctaily gav Bac g d a t thi that hi d mat thig.
Exct Ex, ad ha hi b th At yth m t affcti at ad
dv td f b th
had yt c gid all that Bac a.
Mahil tim a aig. Th vat, th difficulti, th
attacti f that c ut f all ldg hich h damd f,
bc mig gat vy day t hi th ught. Th la, ith ut hich h
c uld t liv, t u tim ad b ught i littl. Attdac th
C ut a xiv, yt idiabl, if h ihd f lac. Hi
m th a v vy fidly, ad th ught him abud ad xtavagat.
Dbt icad ad cdit gumbld. Th utl a dic uagig,
h hi fidhi ith Ex d t him a m h ful ct.
I th ya 1593 th Att y-Gal' lac a vacat, ad Ex, h
i that ya bcam a Pivy C ucill , dtmid that Bac h uld b
Att y-Gal. Bac ' utati a a lay a vhad d by hi
hil hical ad litay uuit. H a th ught y ug f th
ffic, ad h had t yt vd i ay ub diat lac. Ad th
a a th ma, h a u d t cay all Eglih la i hi had,
full f ud f c ad dl cdt, had f hat ad v lubl f
t gu, h al atd it. A Att y-Gal a h uld big
all th uc ad hidd ubtlti f Eglih la t th vic f
th C , ad u thm ith th ugh-g ig ad uflichig luti
agait th h m th C accud f ta , diti , ivai
f th gativ. It i d that th Ccil, ad th Qu
hlf, th ught C lily t b a m uful ublic vat tha
Bac : it i ctai hat C himlf th ught ab ut it, ad hat hi

timat a f th ma h m Ex a uhig agait him. But Ex
did t ta u hi fid' cau i th luam fahi i hich
Bughly had at id hi h. Th a thig that Ex uud
ith gat tiacity. H im tud th Qu. H id ith ut
cul ffdig h. Sh aatly l g ha f m dictly fuig
hi ut. Th Ccil f C th "/Huddl/" a Bac call
him, i a ltt t Ex; but th a itmt a dlayd. All th ugh
1593, ad util Ail, 1594, th tuggl t .
Wh R bt Ccil uggtd that Ex h uld b c tt ith th
S licit ' lac f Bac , "ayig him t b ll advid, f if hi
L dhi had f that it might hav b f ai digti t
th Qu," h tud ud Ccil
"Digt m digtig," aid th Eal; "f th Att yhi i
that I mut hav f Faci Bac ; ad i that I ill d my
uttm t cdit, fidhi, ad auth ity agait h m v, ad
that h v t ab ut t cu it t
th, that it h uld
c t b th th mdiat ad th uit th ttig bf thy
cam by it. Ad thi b y u aud f, Si R bt," u th th Eal,
"f d I fully dcla mylf; ad f y u at, Si
R bt, I d thi much ad tag b th f my L d y u fath ad
y u, that ca hav th mid t th fmt f a tag
bf a a ima; amly, c idig if y u igh i a
balac hi at ad ufficicy i ay ct ith th f hi
c mtit , xctig ly f u ya f admittac, hich
Faci Bac hath m tha c md ith th i ity f hi
adig; i all th ct y u hall fid c mai bt
thm."
But th Qu' digut at m vy light h f iddc
Bac ' at i Paliamt, uf giv i it f atd a l gi,
t gth ith th ifluc f th Ccil ad th u f
f midabl ad uful a ma a C , tud th cal agait Ex.
I Ail, 1594, C a mad Att y. C did t f gt th
td t la, a h uld thi him, h had dad l g t
diut hi claim; ad Bac a dly udd. "N ma," h th ught,
"had v civd a m xuiit digac," ad h f tiig
t Cambidg "t d th t f hi lif i hi tudi ad
c tmlati ." But Ex a t dic uagd. H xt d agly
f th S licit hi. Agai, aft much aitig, h a f ild. A
ifi ma a ut v Bac ' had. Bac f ud that Ex, h
c uld d m t thig, f m a c uld t d thi. H himlf,
t , had d hi uit ith th gatt im tuity th Qu,
Bughly, Ccil, vy h c uld hl him; h midd th
Qu h may ya ag it a ic h fit id h had i h
vic, ad v ic had ud hi it t la; but it a all i
vai. F c h l t atic. H a agy ith Ex; th Qu'
ag ith Ex had, h th ught, c ild hi fid. H a agy
ith th Qu; h hld hi l g aitig cha; h layd ith him ad
amud hlf ith dlay; h uld g ab ad, ad h " h
Majty' atu, that h ith cath th ugh th h l uam f
th Bac tavlld, f th Ccil ith." H a vy agy ith
R bt Ccil; affctig t t bliv thm, h tll him t i h ha
had f hi c ut ad udhad dalig. H it alm t a fall
ltt f cm i u but ambigu u tha t L d Bughly, h ig that
h uld imut ay ffc that Bac might hav giv t th
"c mlxi f a uit , ad a tid a-ic uit ," ad aig
daiigly f hi futu ucc i th la. Th humiliati f hat
a uit ha t g th ugh t mt him: "It i my luc," h it t

Ccil, "till t b ai t uch thig a I ith li i atu
uld illigly mt ith i my c u, but yt ca t av id ith ut
h f ba tim u l f uid uici u tag."
Ad t hi fid Ful Gvill h thu ubud himlf:
"SIR,I udtad f y u ai t hav viitd m, f hich I
tha y u. My matt i a dl uti . I au y u I had aid
/Ruic aima ma/; but I am thi ut t my alt;
/N lit c fid/. I da g futh. H Majty had by t
ch m tha c aud m f h itti t call m t h
vic, hich I c uld t udtad but f th lac I had b
amd t . Ad hth /ividu h m h c fcit/; hth my
matt mut b a adix t my L d f Ex uit; hth h
Majty, tdig t v my ability, math but t ta
advatag f m hich, li ugh, at tim th I
may c mmit; hat i it? but h Majty i t ady t datch
it. Ad hat th ugh th Mat f th R ll, ad my L d f Ex,
ad y ulf, ad th, thi my ca ith ut d ubt, yt i th
matim I hav a had c diti , t tad that hat v
vic I d t h Majty it hall b th ught t b but /vitium
vicatum/, lim-tig ad ftch t lac mylf; ad I hall
hav vy, t tha. Thi i a c u t uch all g d iit,
ad t c ut vy ma' atu, hich ill, I fa, much hut h
Majty' vic i th d. I hav b li a ic f tuff
b i th h ; ad if h Majty ill t ta m, it may b
th llig by acl ill b m gaiful. F t b, a I t ld
y u, li a child f ll ig a bid, hich h h i at flith
aay ad lightth a littl bf , ad th th child aft it
agai, ad /i ifiitum/, I am ay f it; a al
f ayig
my g d fid, f h m, vthl, I h i c u
th gatfully t dv. Ad , t f gttig y u bui, I
lav t t ubl y u ith thi idl ltt; big but /juta t
m data uim ia/; f idd I d c f, /imu am / ill
t aily b cat ff. Ad thu agai I c mmd m t y u."
Aft m ff t th cha a giv u, at lat f th m mt;
f it a umd. But jut Bac flt that all th ld a
agait him. H uld ti " ut f th uhi it th had." O
fid ly c uagd him. H did m . H hld him h Bac m t
atd hl, i hi taitd ad mbaad "tat." Ex, h h
c uld d thig m , gav Bac a tat th at lat 1800.
Bac ' luti i c dd i th f ll ig ltt:
"IT MAY PLEASE YOUR GOOD LORDSHIP,I ay G d h Majty' ighig
b t li th ight f a balac, /gavia d um lvia uum/.
But I am a fa f m big altd i dv ti t ad h, a I am
f m ditut that h ill b altd i ii t ad m, h
h th m btt. F mylf, I hav l t m ii , m
tim, ad m ma; thi i my acc ut; but th f ii , it
i a blat that g th ad c mth; f tim, it i tu it g th ad
c mth t; but yt I hav lad that it may b dmd. F
ma, I valu that m t; ad th ath, /bcau I am u d t
t f ll th actic f th la/ (/if h Majty c mmad m i
ay aticula, I hall b ady t d h illig vic/); ad my
a i ly, /bcau it dith t much tim, hich I hav
ddicatd t btt u /. But v f that it f tat ad
ma, I atly la t Thal' ii , That a hil h may b
ich if h ill. Thu y u L dhi th h I c mf t mylf; t
th ica h f I uld fai la mylf t bliv that t
b tu hich my L d Tau itth; hich i, that it i m

tha a hil h m ally ca digt. But ith ut ay uch high
c cit, I tm it li th ullig ut f a achig t th, hich,
I mmb, h I a a child, ad had littl hil hy, I a
glad f h it a d . F y u L dhi, I d thi mylf m
bh ldig t y u tha t ay ma. Ad I ay, I c mylf a a
/c mm / ( t ula but /c mm /); ad a much a i laful t b
cl d f a c mm , much y u L dhi hall b u t
hav.Y u L dhi' t by y u h uabl c mmad, m ttld
tha v."
It may b that, a Bac aftad maitaid, th cl ig tc f
thi ltt imlid a igificat v f hi dv ti . But duig
th billiat ad t my ya f Ex' ca hich f ll d, Bac '
lati t him c tiud ualtd. Ex d Bac ' claim
hv a chac ffd. H did hi bt t gt Bac a ich ifth
y ug id f Si Chit h Hatt but i vai. Itad f Bac h
acctd C , ad bcam fam u aftad i th gat family ual,
i hich C ad Bac agai f ud thmlv fac t fac, ad hich
aly uid Bac bf th tim. Bac d f Ex h h a
atd, ad gav th advic hich a hd ad cauti u fid uld
giv t a ma h , by hi ucc ad icaig id ad
lf-c fidc, a uig it i u dag, amig agait
himlf dadly f , ad x ig himlf t th chac f f tu.
Bac a v u ab ut Ex' caacity f a, a caacity hich
ha a t vd, v by th m t billiat xl it f th tim,
th catu f Cadiz, i hich Ex f had d th h ic but
ll-calculatd audaciti f Nl ad C cha, ad h d himlf a
littl abl a thy t ba th it xicati f ucc, ad t i
c ct ith vi u ad ufidly a ciat. At th d f th ya
1596, th ya i hich Ex had uch utati at Cadiz, Bac
t him a ltt f advic ad m tac. It i a livly ictu f
th dfct ad dag f Ex' bhavi u a th Qu' fav uit;
ad it i a m t chaactitic ad ldly-i ummay f th ay
hich Bac uld hav him ta, t cu th ad ca th th.
Bac had, a h ay, "g d a t thi that th Eal' f tu
c mhdd hi ." Ad th ltt may ha b ta a a
idict aig t Ex that Bac mut, at ay at, ta ca f hi
f tu, if th Eal itd i dag u c u. Bac h h
h i t m v th imi , t g i th Qu' mid, f Ex'
dfct; h h i, by du ubmii ad tatagm, t catch h hum u
"But hth I c ul y u th bt, f th bt, duty bidth
m t ff t y u my ih. I aid t y u L dhi lat tim,
/Matha, Matha, attdi ad luima, uum ufficit/; i th Qu:
if thi b t th bgiig, f ay th c u I d."
Bac giv a i f miut dicti h Ex i t diam th
Qu' uici , ad t utaliz th advatag hich hi ival
ta f thm; h h i t m v "th ii f hi atu big
/ iiat/ ad t ulabl;" h , av idig th fault f Lict ad
Hatt , h i, a fa a h ca, t "allg thm f auth ad
att." Ecially, h mut giv u that h f ldi-li
diticti , hich th Qu dilid, ad ta m uit t at
C ut. H mut t alam th Qu by ig ulaity; h mut ta
ca f hi tat; h mut gt id f m f hi ffic; ad h mut
t b diuitd by th fav uit.
Bac ihd, a h aid aftad, t him "ith a hit taff i
hi had, a my L d f Lict had," a h u ad amt t th
C ut i th y f th l ad f ig ambaad . But Ex a
t fit f th at hich Bac ugd u him, that f a bui u
ad vigilat bv f th Qu' m d ad hum u. A tim t ,
thig bcam m ad m difficult bt him ad hi tag
mit; ad th v atig m h , li Ccil ad Raligh,
f g d ad bad a , fad ad hatd Ex, ad h had th caft
ad th ill t ma th m t f hi ixcuabl . At lat h
all d himlf, f m ambiti , f m th iit f c tadicti , f m
th blid ai f d ig hat h th ught uld h dfiac t hi
mi, t b tmtd it th Iih camaig f 1599. Bac at a lat
tim claimd cdit f havig f ad f t ld it iu. "I did
a laily hi vth , chaid a it by dtiy t that
j uy, a it i ibl f ay ma t g ud a judgmt futu
c tigt." H ad Ex, h th ught i aft ya, f th
difficulty f th ; h ad him that h uld lav th Qu i
th had f hi mi: "It uld b ill f h, ill f him, ill f
th Stat." "I am u," h add, "I v i aythig i my lif dalt
ith him i li at by ch, by itig, ad by all th ma
I c uld dvi." But Bac ' mm y a mita. W hav hi ltt.
Wh Ex t t Ilad, Bac t ly i th laguag f agui
h littl did h " vth chaid by dtiy t that
j uy," that " m g d iit ld hi t ag t hi L dhi
ucc;" h a i th ti a gat ccai f h u t hi
fid; h gav udt c ul, but h l d f ad c fidtly t
Ex big a "fatal a catai t that a, a Aficau a t th a
f Cathag." Idd, h v axi u h may hav b, h c uld t
hav f Ex' uacc utabl ad t thi day uitlligibl
failu. But failu a th d, f m hatv cau; failu,
digacful ad c mlt. Th f ll d ild ad guilty but ab tiv
jct f tivig hi failu, by uig hi i Ilad t
ma himlf f midabl t hi mi at C ut, ad v t th Qu
hlf. H itigud ith Ty ; h itigud ith Jam f Sc tlad;
h lugd it a hil f agy ad bal jct, hich cam t
thig th m mt thy dicud. H mty ad idl thy a
h by hi tu agait d t tll hi t y at N uch, ad
by thu lacig himlf al ad udiably i th g, i th
f th h til C ucil. Of c u it a t t b th ught f that Ccil
h uld t u hi advatag i th gam. It a t aly, iitatd
th ugh th Qu a, t ti th fial bl . But it i im ibl t
t , l ig bac v th miabl hit y, that Ex a tatd
i a ay hich a ctai, lat, t ma him, big hat h
a, lug it a fatal ad itivabl mita. H a tatd a a
cat tat a m u; h a id, c fid, digacd, ublicly
imadd, b ught jut ithi vg f th chag f ta , but t
uit, jut ugh t dicdit ad alam him, but t lav him till a
ctai am ut f lay. H a mad t that th Qu' fav u a
t uit h l; but that thig but th m t ab lut ad
uvd humiliati c uld c v it. It a lai t ay h
Ex that thi tatmt uld div Ex t mad. "Th am
gadati f y u" Bac t himlf x tulatig ith th
Qu h caic"a fitt t c ut tha t c ct ay mid f
gat." Thy mad Ex dat; h bcam fightd f hi
lif, ad h had a t b , th ugh t i th ay hich h fad.
At lgth cam th tuid ad idicul u utba f th 8th f
Fbuay, 1600/1601, a l t t iz th alac ad ai th city
agait th miit, by th hl f a f gtlm amd ly ith
thi ai. A Bac himlf t ld th Qu, "if m ba ad
cul-midd had td it uch a acti , it might hav
caud much bl ad c mbuti ; but it aad ll that thy
uch a t h t lay th malfact !" But it a ufficit t
big Ex ithi th d m f ta .

Ex ll hat th ta a. H l t it, ad dvd t l it,
littl a hi mi dvd t i it; f thy, t , d ig hat
uld hav c t thm thi had if Elizabth had
itc dig, a Ex a accud f d ig, ith Sc tlad ab ut th
ucci , ad ibly ith Sai. But thy layig cauti uly
ad caftily; h ith buglig ai . H had b l g accut md
t ad lac, that h c uld t du that ival h uld him
ut f it. Thy c tt t hav thi ay, hil affctig t
b th humblt f vat; h uld b thig l tha a May f
th Palac. H a guilty f a gat ublic cim, a vy ma i h
aal t am f aythig h t f th m t acd cau. H a
bigig it Eglad, hich had ttld d it acabl ay, a
imitati f th vi lt mth d f Fac ad th Gui. But th cim
a ll a th alty bl gd t th ag, ad cim lgally aid t
b agait th Stat ma m ally vy difft thig, acc dig t
th tat f city ad ii . It i a ufai vgig th
idicul u, h th g ud i lab atly laid f ig u th
imi that Ex a aig a al ta agait th Qu
li that f N f l. It a a ta f th am t ad d a
that f hich N thumblad t S mt t th bl c: th ta f
big a uuccful ival.
Mahil Bac had b gttig gadually it th u fficial ml y f
th G vmt. H had bc m f th "Lad C ul"lay ith
ub diat ad itmittt , ud h atd, but ith ut att
alay, ad t aig ith th gula la ffic. Th G vmt
had f ud him uful i affai f th vu, i famig
it gat i f i i th T , i daig u t f
l t agait th Qu. H did t i thi ay a ugh t u t
himlf; but h had thu c m t hav m dg f acc t th
Qu, hich h t a big familia ad c fidtial, th ugh h
till civd, a h ay himlf, that h did t li him. At th
fit f Ex' tu t Eglad, Bac gtd him
"MY LORD,C civig that y u L dhi cam u i th f
a g d vat t y u vig mit, hich id f
c mlimt a may tim /ita mag um mit um/, ad
thf it uld b had f m t fid y u, I hav c mmittd t
thi a th humbl alutati f him /that i m y u
tha ay ma', ad m y u tha ay ma/. T th alutati I
add a du ad j yful gatulati , c fig that y u L dhi, i
y u lat c fc ith m bf y u j uy, a t i vai,
G d maig it g d, That y u tutd h uld ay /Qui utat/!
Which a it i f ud tu i a hay , I ih y u d t
fid a th /Qui utat/ i th ma f taig thi gat a
vic. But I h it i, a h aid, /Nubcula t, cit
taibit/, ad that y u L dhi' id m ad bui u
cicumcti ad atic ill tu all t th bt. S fig
all t m tim that I may attd y u, I c mmit y u t G d' bt
vati ."
But h Ex' c duct i Ilad had t b dalt ith, Bac '
vic calld f ; ad f m thi tim hi lati t ad Ex
altd. Evy ,
btt tha th Qu hlf, all
that h d t Ex. It i tagly illutativ f th tim, that
cially a Bac hld ub diat a iti , h h uld hav b
uid, ad h uld hav b tutd, t act agait hi ly ad m t
g u bfact . It i tag, t , that h v gat hi l yalty
t th Qu, h v much ad icly h might c dm hi fid'
c duct, h h uld thi it ibl t acct th ta. H ay that h
mad m m tac; ad h ay, d ubt tuly, that duig th
fit tag f th bui h ud th ambigu u iti i hich h
a lacd t ft Ex' ivitabl uihmt, ad t big ab ut a
c ciliati bt him ad th Qu. But h a uid, a th
Qu' lay, t t f th i ublic Ex' ffc; ad h admit
that h did " t v tdly." Yt all thi, v if hav
migivig ab ut it, i itlligibl. If h had dclid, h c uld t,
ha, hav d th vic hich h au u that h tid t d
f Ex; ad it i ctai that h uld hav had t c ith th
tibl lady h i h ld ag till uld Eglad f m th th f
Hy VIII., ad h had ctaily gat l v f Bac himlf. Sh
had alady h him i a much mall matt hat a th f fit t
b aid f ay itac t h ill. All th h f hi lif mut
ih; all th gudgig ad uici u fav u hich h had ith
uch umittig t il ad atit aitig uld b acificd, ad h
uld hcf th liv ud th ath f th h v f gav. Ad
hatv h did f himlf, h blivd that h a vig Ex. Hi
chmig imagiati ad hi idfatigabl at . H tid
tag idict mth d; h ivtd a c dc bt hi
b th ad Ex, hich a t fall it th Qu' had i d t
ft h ath ad h h Ex' m t ct flig. Wh th
Qu d t di ith him at hi l dg i Ticham Pa, "th ugh
I f t t b a t," h "ad a t tdig ad alludig
t da h Majty' c cilmt t my L d." It a a aad
thig f h had b itimat ith Ex t b d i th
c ul f th h hatd him. H c mlai that may l th ught
him ugatful ad dil yal t hi fid, ad that t i ciculatd
t hi diadvatag, a if h i ig th Qu' a agait
Ex. But h might agu faily ugh that, ilful ad g-hadd a
Ex had b, it a th bt that h c uld d f him; ad a
l g a it a ly a uti f Ex' digac ad f cd abc
f m C ut, Bac c uld t b b ud t giv u th ct f hi
lifidd, hi ublic duty a a ub diat vat f g vmt
acc ut f hi fid' ixcuabl ad dag u f lli. Ex did t
it , ad i th ubj id c dc had th advatag; but
Bac ' iti , th ugh a high might b imagid, h m had
b uch fid a th t m had b, i uit a dfibl :
"MY LORD,N ma ca btt x ud my d ig tha y u L dhi,
hich math m d t ay th l. Oly I humbly ay y u t
bliv that I ai t th c cic ad c mmdati fit f
/b u civi/, hich ith u i a g d ad tu vat t th
Qu, ad xt f /b u vi/, that i a h t ma. I di y u
L dhi al t thi that th ugh I c f I l v m thig much
btt tha I l v y u L dhia th Qu' vic, h uit
ad c ttmt, h h u, h fav u, th g d f my c uty, ad
th liyt I l v f btt tha y ulf, b th f
gatitud' a ad f y u vitu, hich ca t hut but by
accidt abu. Of hich my g d affcti I a v ady ad
am ady t yild ttim y by ay g d ffic, but ith uch
vati a y ulf ca t but all ; f a I a v y
that y u L dhi h uld fly ith ax ig, d ubtig Icau'
f tu, f th g ig u f y u fath, cially
tich', ay th av f a bid f y, ma hall b m
glad. Ad thi i th axlt hu I hav tud ad hall
tu, hich t igify t y u, th ugh I thi y u a f y ulf
uadd a much, i th cau f my itig; ad I c mmd y u
L dhi t G d' g d. F m Gay' I, thi 20th day f July,
1600.
"Y u L dhi' m t humbly,
"FR. BACON."
T thi ltt Ex tud a a
Bac might himlf hav dictatd
f digifid v, uch a
"MR. BACON,I ca ith x ud cu y u lat acti ,
big ig at f all f thm, av , ad havig dictd my
ight iad ly, t xami mylf. Y u d ay m t bliv that
y u ly ai t th c cic ad c mmdati f /b u civi/
ad /b u vi/; ad I d faithfully au y u, that hil that i
y u ambiti (th ugh y u c u b activ ad mi c tmlativ),
yt hall b th /c vi i c dm tti / ad /c vi it
i /. Y u fi f affcti ad ff f g d ffic
a lc m t m. F a t thm I ill ay but thi, that y u
hav blivd I hav b id t y u, ad y u may bliv that I
ca t b th, ith u hum u my lcti . I am a
tag t all tical c cit, l I h uld ay mhat f
y u tical xaml. But thi I mut ay, that I v fl ith
th ig tha di t mit ad c fidc i my S vig'
fav u; ad h f th ig faild m I uld light h
but at my S vig' ft, th ugh h uffd m t b buid
ith my fall. Ad till h Majty, that I a v bid f
y, fid it t ag ith h ill ad h vic that my ig
h uld b imd agai, I hav c mmittd mylf t th mi. N
but my G d' ad my S vig' ca alt thi luti f
"Y u tid fid,
"ESSEX."
But aft Ex' mad attmt i th city a tat f thig a .
Th ivitabl ult a a tial f high ta , a tial f hich
c uld d ubt th u ad d. Th xamiati f acc mlic
vald ch, al, jct, t vy itlligibl t u i
th till imfctly udt d gam f itigu that a g ig
am g all ati at th d f Elizabth' ig, but uit ugh t
lac Ex at th mcy f th G vmt ad th ffdd Qu. "Th
if mati ," ay M. Sddig, "had b immdiatly c mmuicatd
t C ad Bac ." C , a Att y-Gal, f c u c ductd th
cuti ; ad th xt mit th id f th C a
t th S licit , ay th gula la ffic, but Bac , th ugh
h ldig th vy ub diat lac f f th "Lad C ul."
It d t aa that h th ught it tag, that h h d ay ai
luctac, that h ught t b xcud. H t it a a matt f
c u. Th at aigd t Bac i th cuti a a im tat
a that f C ; ad h layd it m ilfully ad ffctivly. Tial
i th day c fud affai, ft aig it a m agl
bt th judg, lay, ad l - , ad th i at th
ba. It a i thi ca. C i aid t hav bludd i hi ay
f tig th vidc, ad t hav b ld aay f m th it
it a altcati ith Ex. P bably it ally did t much matt;
but th tial a gttig ut f it c u ad icliig i fav u f
th i , till Bac M. Sddig thi, ut f hi gula
tutd f ad ad tivd matt. Thi i M. Sddig'
acc ut f hat Bac aid ad did:
"By thi tim th agumt had diftd
fa aay f m th it
that it mut hav b difficult f a lit t mmb hat it

a that th i chagd ith, h much f th chag
had b vd. Ad C , h a all thi tim th l a
bhalf f th C , a till f ll ig ach fh t ic that
bf him, ith ut th ig f a itti th itimati f a
ih t tu t th mai uti ad f m th b a f
hi vidc. Lucily h m t hav b at a l hat it
t ta xt, ad th au gav Bac a tuity f iig. It
ca hadly hav b i uuac f vi u aagmt; f
th ugh it a cut may i th day t ditibut th vidc
it at ad t aig val at t val c ul, th had
b aaac a yt f ay at big c cludd. It i
babl that th c u f th tial had ut vi u
aagmt ad c fud th at. At ay at it a, h v
it cam t a, that h Ccil ad Ex had at lat fiihd
thi x tulati ad atd ith chaitabl ay, ach that
th th might b f giv, th (ay u t) M. Bac
td it a ch much aft thi fahi :
"'I aig f thi lat ad h ibl blli hich hath b i
th y ad a f all m, I hall av mylf much lab u i
ig ad f cig th it th f, i much a I a t
bf a c uty juy f ig at m, but bf a m t h uabl
ambly f th gatt P f th lad, h id m c civ
fa m tha my t gu ca utt; yt ith y u gaci u ad
h uabl fav u I ill um, if t f if mati f y u
H u, yt f th dichag f my duty, t ay thu much. N ma
ca b ig at, that matt f f m agad all hit y
ma it laithat th a v ay tait had f that dut
dictly attmt th at f hi lig ic but h alay c l ud
hi actic ith m lauibl tc. F G d hath imitd
uch a majty i th fac f a ic that ivat ma da
a ach th f hi vig ith a tait u itt. Ad
thf thy u a th id c u, / bliu t lat/: m
t f m c uti f th Stat ad ligi ; m t duc th
acit libti ad cut m tdd t b l t ad ut;
m t m v th that big i high lac ma
thmlv ubjct t vy; but all f thm aim at th vth f
th Stat ad dtucti f th t ul. Ad thi lii
i th u f th that michif f a th uality; a Cai,
that fit mud, t u a xcu f hi fact, hamig t
utfac it ith imudcy, thu th Eal mad hi c l u th
vig m gat m ad c ucill f m h Majty' fav u,
ad th fa h t d i f hi tdd mi lt thy h uld
mud him i hi h u. Thf h aith h a c mlld t fly
it th City f ucc u ad aitac; t much uli
Piitatu, f h m it a acitly itt h h gahd ad
udd himlf, ad i that t a cyig it Ath that hi
lif a ught ad li t hav b ta aay; thiig t hav
m vd th l t hav itid him ad ta hi at by uch
c utfitd ham ad dag; ha hi aim ad dift a t ta
th g vmt f th city it hi had ad alt th f m
th f. With li tc f dag ad aault th Eal f
Ex td th City f L d ad ad th ugh th b l
th f, blachig um u that h h uld hav b mudd ad
that th Stat a ld; ha h had uch mi, uch
dag: uadig thmlv that if thy c uld vail all uld
hav d ll. But /maga cla tmiatu i hi/; f
y u, my L d, h uld that th ugh ic giv thi ubjct
cau f dic tt, th ugh thy ta aay th h u thy hav
had u thm, th ugh thy big thm t a l tat tha thy
aid thm f m, yt ught thy t t b f gtful f thi
allgiac that thy h uld t it ay udutiful act; much l
u blli , a y u, my L d, hav d . All hat v y u hav
ca ay i a h f a but had . Ad thf mthi
it bt f y u t c f, t t jutify.'"
Ex a v d by Bac ' icdul u ab ut mi ad
dag"I call f th M. Bac agait M. Bac ," ad fd t th
ltt hich Bac had itt i hi am, ad i hich th
dag u miti ta f gatd. Bac , i a, atd
hat h aid ft"That h had t m tim i vai i tudyig
h t ma th Eal a g d vat t th Qu ad Stat tha h had
d i aythig l." Oc m C g t th cdig it a
tagl, ad c m Bac cam f ad t ai th micaiag f
hi lad.
"'I hav v yt i ay ca uch fav u h t ay
i ; may digi , uch dlivig f vidc by
facti , ad illy a dfc f uch gat ad t i u
ta . May it la y u Gac, y u hav h aly h hath
had d hi u ad h ldly h hath ad th
bjcti agait him. But, my L d, I d ubt th vaity f matt
ad th may digi may miit ccai f f gtful, ad
may hav vd th judgmt f th L d; ad thf I h ld it
cay bifly t cit th Judg' ii .'
"That big d , h cdd t thi ffct:
"'N ut th ca that th Eal f Ex' itt , a h
uld hav it blivd, t g ly a a uliat t h Majty.
Shall thi titi b td by amd titi ? Thi mut
d big l f ty t th ic. Nith i it ay it
f la, a my L d f S uthamt uld hav it blivd, that
c dm thm f ta . T ta ct c ul, t xcut it, t
u t gth i umb amd ith a hat ca b th xcu?
Wad by th L d K, by a hald, ad yt it! Will ay
iml ma ta thi t b l tha ta ?'
"Th Eal f Ex ad that if h had u d aythig agait
th tha th hi ivat mi, h uld t hav tid
ith ld a c may. Whut M. Bac ad:
"'It a t th c may y u caid ith y u but th aitac y u
h d f i th City hich y u tutd ut . Th Du f Gui
thut himlf it th tt f Pai th day f th
Baicad i hi d ublt ad h , attdd ly ith ight
gtlm, ad f ud that hl i th city hich (tha b t G d)
y u faild f h. Ad hat f ll d? Th Kig a f cd t ut
himlf it a ilgim' d, ad i that digui t tal aay
t ca thi fuy. Ev uch a my L d' c fidc t , ad hi
tc th ama all-hail ad a i t th City. But th d
a ta , a hath b ufficitly vd. But h h had c
dlivd ad gagd himlf fa it that hich th hall
f hi c cit c uld t acc mlih a h xctd, th Qu f
h dfc taig am agait him, h a glad t yild himlf;
ad thiig t c l u hi actic, tud hi txt, ad
allgd th ccai th f t cd f m a ivat ual.'
"T thi" (add th t) "th Eal ad littl. N a
aythig aid aftad by ith f th i , ith i th

thut-ad-ay dial gu ith C that f ll d, h thy
at lag t th uti hy judgmt h uld t b
ucd, hich at all altd th c mlxi f th ca. Thy
b th f ud guilty ad tc ad i th uual f m."
Bac ' lgal iti a ub diat a lac that th mut hav
b a cial a f hi ml ymt. It i difficult t av id th
c clui that, th at f th G vmt, Bac a thu ud f
th vy a that h had b th fid f Ex. H a t
c mm ly calld u i uch cuti . H a t ml yd by Ccil
i th Wicht tial f Raligh, Gy, ad C bham, th ya
aftad, i th c ctd ith th Gu d Pl t. H a
calld u bcau c uld much damag Ex; ad thi lat
f f hi ady vic a uid by th h fav u, ic
Ex had g h lly g, h had b diligtly ig. Ad
Bac acuicd i th dmad, aatly ith ut ui. N c d
mai t h that h flt ay difficulty i layig hi at. H had
uadd himlf that hi ublic duty, hi duty a a g d citiz t
th Qu ad th c mm alth, dmadd f him that h h uld by th
call t d hi bt t big a tait t uihmt.
Public duty ha claim a ma a ll a fidhi, ad i may
c civabl ca claim aam ut t th f fidhi. Ad yt
fidhi, t , ha claim, at lat a ma' mm y. Ex had b
a da fid, if d c uld ma aythig. H had d m tha ay
ma had d f Bac , g uly ad bly, ad Bac had ac ldgd
it i th amlt tm. Oly a ya bf h had itt, "I am a
much y u a ay ma', ad a much y u a ay ma." It i t, ad
it a t, a uti f Ex' guilt. It may b a uti hth
th h l matt a t xaggatd a t it u , a it ctaily
a a t it al dag ad michif. W at lat that hi ival
dabbld i itigu ad f lih ch a ll a h; that littl m
tha t ya aftad Raligh ad Gy ad C bham c dmd f
ta i much th am fahi a h a; that Ccil t th d f hi
dayith hatv u a a i f Sai. Th uti a
t hth Ex a guilty. Th uti f Bac a, hth it a
bc mig i him, havig b hat h had b t Ex, t ta a
ladig at i cdig hich t d i hi ui ad dath. H
a t a judg. H a t a gula la ffic li C . Hi ly
ml ymt had b caual ad ccai al. H might, m t atually,
th c f hi ld fidhi, hav ad t b xcud. C dmig,
a h did, hi fid' guilt ad f lly, h might hav fud t ta
at i a cau f bl d, i hich hi bt fid mut ih. H might
h tly hav giv u Ex a ic igibl, ad hav tid t tad
aat i ad ilc hil th ivitabl tagdy a layd ut.
Th ly a t thi i, that t hav dclid uld hav icud
th Qu' dilau: h uld hav f fitd ay chac f
advacmt; ay, cl ly c ctd a h had b ith Ex, h might
hav b iv lvd i hi fid' ui. But ifi m hav mad
thi f tu by tadig by thi fid i t udvd t ubl,
ad
btt tha Bac hat a thy ad bl i huma
acti . Th ch ic lay bf him. H m hadly t hav g th ugh
ay tuggl. H uadd himlf that h c uld t hl himlf, ud
th c tait f hi duty t th Qu, ad h did hi bt t gt
Ex c dmd.
Ad thi a t all. Th dath f Ex a a h c t th ulaity
f Elizabth gat tha aythig that had had i h l g ig.
Bac ' am al had c m it m' m uth a that f a tim-v
h layd fat ad l ith Ex ad hi mi, ad h , h h
had g t hat h c uld f m Ex, tud t hat h c uld gt f m
th h ut him t dath. A jutificati f th h l affai a flt
t b cay; ad Bac a fixd u f th diticti ad th
dih u f d ig it. N c uld tll th t y ll, ad it a
flt that h uld t hi f m it. N did h. I c ld bl d h at
d t blac Ex, uig hi itimat al ldg f th at
t tgth hi tatmt agait a fid h a i hi gav, ad
f h m c uld a but Bac himlf. It i a ll-c mactd ad
f cibl acc ut f Ex' mid ig, hich f c u th c l u f
dlibat ad dag u ta a lacd. Much f it, d ubt, a
tu; but v f th fact, ad much m f th c l u, th a
chc t b had, ad it i ctai that it a a bjct t th
G vmt t ma ut th t. It i chaactitic that Bac
c d that h did t l ight f th claim f c uty, ad
tudi uly f "my L d f Ex" i th daft ubmittd f
c cti t th Qu; but h a m ucm i u, ad iitd
that th "bl" h uld b f imly a "Ex."
Aft a bui f thi id, fi ad f fitu fl d i
abudatly, ad "uually bt d dvig vat fav ud
uit by ay f ad;" ad Bac cam i f hi ha. Out f
f th fi h civd 1200. "Th Qu hath d mthig f m,"
h it t a fidly cdit , "th ugh t i th ti I had
h d," ad h aftad ad f mthig m . It a ath ud
th valu f Ex' gift t him i 1594. But h till fud him all
m ti . H a ith ut a fficial lac i th Qu' vic, ad
h v a all d t hav it. It i cla that th "Dclaati f
th Ta f th Eal f Ex," if it jutifid th G vmt, did
t m v th dium hich had fall Bac . M. Sddig ay that
h ca fid ig f it. Th f f it i f ud i th "A l gy"
hich Bac f ud it xdit t it aft Elizabth' dath ad
aly i Jam' ig. H f ud that th c llcti f th ay i
hich h had dalt ith hi fid hug havy u him; m hitatd t
tut him i it f hi c gid ability. Acc digly, h d
u a a l gy, hich h addd t L d M utj y, th fid, i
ality half th acc mlic, f Ex, i hi ild, ill-dfid la f
uttig u Elizabth. It i a cla, abl, f c u /x at/
f h m c uld
tatmt f th d ig f th th chif act , t
l g a f thmlv, c ct ad c tadict th thid. It
t th Qu a imlacabl ad cul, Ex a ic igibly ad
utag uly ilful, ud, ad udutiful, Bac himlf a uig vy
ff t ad dvic t aa th Qu' ag ad uici u, ad
t big Ex t a i ad humbl mid. Th ictu i idd a
vivid , ad full f damatic f c, f a ultig ad mcil
mit bt baig ad b ig d t th dut th haughty iit
f a c-l vd but blli u fav uit, h m, th ugh h ha dly
ffdd, h yt ih t big c m ud h y ; ad f th
calm, -ittd l - , atchig th dag u gam, t ith ut
al itt, but ith uditubd c f mid, ad d ig hi
bt t avt a iaabl ad fatal bach. H fa h h tly did
hi bt f hi miguidd fid ca ly f m hi t;
but th i a t thi that h did Ex ill vic, th ugh h
tic i aig a allgati that th Qu i f h agy fit
had chagd him ith thi. But hi itt claly a t ma u th
ual bt th Qu ad Ex. Bac uld hav b a gat ma
ith b th f thm if h had b abl t d . H had b t dly
i Ex' itimacy t ma hi iti f mdiat , ith a t g
bia th Qu' id, uit af ad ay f a ma f h uabl
mid; but a c l-judgig ad udt ma may ll hav actd a h
t himlf actig ith ut f gttig hat h d t hi fid.

Till th lat gat m mt f tial th i a g d dal t b aid f
Bac : a ma ly aliv t Ex' fault, ith a t g f hat
h d t th Qu ad th Stat, ad ith hi a abl chac
f iig gatly judicd by Ex' f lly. But at lgth cam th
cii hich h d th ma, ad th light all that had ad
bf , h h a icd ut, ut f hi gula lac, t b chagd
ith th ta f bigig h m th caital chag agait Ex. H d
t ay h hitatd. H d t ay that h ad t b xcud th
tibl ffic. H did t flich a th miit f vgac f
th h uid that Ex h uld di. H did hi , a t ld
by hi admiig bi gah, btt tha C , ad aid th blud
f th cuti . H a v vy h tly thi at f th
bui: "It a laid u m ith th t f my fll ;" yt it i
th t ad y f th h l, a fa a hi chaact i c cd.
Bac had hi ublic duty: hi ublic duty may hav c mlld him t
tad aat f m Ex. But it a hi itt, it a at f hi
ublic duty, hich uid him t acct th ta f accu f hi
fid, ad i hi fid' dit d calmly t div h m a
ll-dictd t that h uld xtiguih chac ad h , ad ma
hi ui ctai. N h ad hi axi u ltt ab ut fmt
ad th Qu' fav u, ab ut hi dia itd h , ab ut hi
taitd ma ad dit f m y, ab ut hi difficulti ith hi
cdit h a tic atd f dbtca d ubt that th uti a
bt hi ct ad hi fid; ad that t hi itt
h acificd hi fid ad hi h u.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------CHAPTER III.
BACON AND JAMES I.
Bac ' lif a a d ubl . Th a th lif f high thiig, f
diittd aim, f gui thuiam, f gui di t dlight
ad bfit maid, by ig ath t d ad ldg ad
. Ad th a th ut ad ldly lif, th lif f u d
citi f th vii f daily bad, th lif f ambiti ad
lf-ig, hich h f ll d, t ith ut itt ad atifacti ,
but at b tt m bcau h th ught h mutmut b a gat ma, mut b
ich, mut liv i th fav u f th gat, bcau ith ut it hi gat
dig c uld t b acc mlihd. Hi igial la f lif a
dicl d i hi ltt t L d Bughly: t gt m ffic ith a
aud ic m ad t much , ad th t dv t th bt f hi
tim t hi ubjct. But thi, if it a ally hi la, a
gadually chagd: fit, bcau h c uld t gt uch a lac; ad
xt bcau hi c cti ith Ex, th ff t t gai him th
Att y' lac, ad th u hich th Qu mad f him aft Ex
c uld d m f him, d him m ad m it ublic , ad
cially th ca f th la. W that h uld t by fc
hav ch th la, ad did t fl that hi v cati lay that ay;
but it a th ly ay t him f mdig hi f tu. Ad th
t liv t id by id, th ldly h uld hav aid, th
actical ft itfig ith th lif f th ught ad dic vy,
ad atly bcuig it, but yt alay lavig it aam ut i hi
mid. Hi dat ad m t chihd ida, th th ught ith hich h
a m t at h m ad hait, hi dt ad tut ambiti ,
th f a thuiatic ad matic bliv i a gat dic vy jut

ithi hi ga. Thy uch a th dam ad vii f hi gat
Facica ama, ad f th imagiativ aft ldg i
th middl ag, al mythical, Albt th Gat, C liu Agia,
D. Fautu; thy th ag, ud ubtig h f th hyical
tudt i Italy ad Eglad i hi tim, Gi da Bu , Tli ,
Camalla, Gilbt, Galil , th f ud f th Italia t ty
f "S l m ' H u" i th /N Atlati/, th cu f u R yal
S citi, th Acadmy f th /Lici/ at R m. Am g th mditati
a hi i lif. But h v h may hav igially lad hi
c u, ad th ugh at tim ud th ifluc f dia itmt h
thatd t ti t Cambidg t tavl ab ad, h had b ud
himlf fat t ublic lif, ad cad t thi f uittig it.
Ad h had a al tat f itf it h , it iz, f th la
ad tu f th gam, f it dbat ad viciitud. H a m
idalit clu t udvalu di th al gadu f th
ld. H t th t itt i th atu ad ay f maid;
h lid t
bv, t gali i hd ad mtim cyical
igam. H lid t aly hi ful ad ftil itllct t th
actical blm f city ad g vmt, t thi cui u
a mali, t thi aad xical h ma; h lid t add himlf,
ith a a x ud a f m, t th icil ad
taglmt f Eglih la; h aid, b th a a lctu ad a
lgilat , t im v ad imlify it. It a t by d hi h t
ha a licy, t im v admiitati , t bc m ful by
bigig hi agacity ad lag f th ught t th vic f th
Stat, i c cilig c flictig f c, i mdiatig bt jal u
ati ad dag u claim. Ad h lid t t it th hum u f
a C ut; t dv t hi billiat imagiati ad affluc f ivti
ith t dviig a agat hich h uld th all th it th
had, a c m mi hich h uld gt gat ut f m
difficulty f tm iu.
I all th thig h a a iduti u, a lab i u, a calmly
vig ad taci u, a h a i hi uuit f hi hil hical
culati . H a a c m ud f th m t advtu u ad m t
divifid ambiti , ith a lacid ad atit tm, uch a
c mm ly a ciat ith m dat di ad th l v f timt ad
a ay lif. T imagi ad da aythig, ad v t lt g th
bjct f hi uuit, i id f him; th th h i
bui uly di u t la ad faful f givig ffc, th
humblt ad m t gatful ad al th m t im tuat f uit ,
ady t bid hi tim ith a v chful f iit, hich yt it
a t af t v by ill ffic ad th ih t that him. H
v mi a chac f ffig hi vic; h v lt a a
tuity f c mmdig himlf t th h c uld hl him. H i
bt atual ldg that hav a f ic guity h
th itt. H th
him gagig i litic a if h had
himlf ith uch zt it th laguag f th m alit, th
th l gia, th hit ia, that f gt hav bf u th auth
f a datu i hyical iuiy, ad th uaid c mil f
tabl f atual hit y. Wh h i a lay, h m ly a lay.
If h had t b th auth f th /Itauati /, hi lif uld t
hav l d vy difft f m that f ay th f th hd ad
ul lay h hug t th Tud ad Stuat C ut, ad h
ucuul uly uhd thi ay t fmt. H claimd t b, i
it f th migivig f Elizabth ad h miit, a dv td t
ublic ad a caabl f it a ay f thm. H a ady f
aythig, f ay am ut f bui, ady, a i vythig, t ta
ifiit t ubl ab ut it. Th la, if h did t li it, a yt
by- ith him; h a a tuly ambiti u a th m ith h m h

maitaid ad f l g uuccful a ivaly. H flt
bittly th dia itmt f ig m li C ad Flmig ad
D ddidg ad H bat a bf him; h c uld t, if h had b ly
a lay, hav c vtd m agly th lac, fud t him, hich
thy g t; ly, h had bid a h l tai f u , a i ad
um ambiti , f hich thy thig. Ad ith all thi th i
aat c ci u f th maif ld ad vaid itt. H
v affctd t c cal f m himlf hi ui ity t th m i
hi aim ad i th ga f hi itlligc. But th i tac
that h idd himlf th vaity ad vatility f th ,
that h v ditictly alizd t himlf that it a aythig
maabl that h h uld hav may diimila bjct ad b abl
adily t uu thm i uch difft dicti .
It i d ubtful hth, a l g a Elizabth livd, Bac c uld v
hav i ab v hi iti am g th "Lad C ul," a ffic
ith ut att alay gula ml ymt. Sh ud, him, ad h
a illig t b ud; but h laily did t aa i h y t b
th id f ma h uld uit h i th m mit t f h
G vmt. Uuual ad igial ability i at, till it i gally
c gid, t cay ith it uici ad mitut a t it big
ally all that it m t b. Pha h th ught f th ibility
f hi flyig ut uxctdly at m ic vit ich, ad
attmtig t v h itt, t i h ay, but i hi ;
ha h ditutd i bui ad tat affai billiat a
dic u, h hat a , fit ad ab v all, t b t
gat dam f ldg; ha th itvi ith h i hich h
dcib th c ul hich h laid bf h, ad i hich hi
hd ad f ight a c icu u, may t hav b lc m
t h a h imagid; ha, it i t im ibl, that h may hav
b t c mliat f h caici u tat, ad t viibly axi u t
la. Pha, t , h c uld t f gt, i it f hat had
had, that h had b th fid, ad t th vy g u fid,
f Ex. But, xct a t a ha f th f fitu, ith hich h
a t atifid, hi f tu did t i ud Elizabth.
Whatv may hav b th Qu' flig t ad him, th i
d ubt that ful ifluc, hich latd it th ig f Jam,
a tadily adv t hi advacmt. Bughly had b tagly
iggadly i hat h did t hl hi billiat h; h a g ig ff
th c, ad bably did t ca t t ubl himlf ab ut a y ug
ad uc gial aiat t vic. But hi lac a ta by hi ,
R bt Ccil; ad Ccil might atually hav b xctd t lc m
th c - ati f f hi family h a f m t am g th
iig m f Ccil' gati , ad h ctaily a m t
di u t d him vic. But it i lai that h aly mad u hi
mid t Bac i th bacg ud. It i ay t imagi a ,
th ugh th aat h t-ightd f th licy may ui u; but
Ccil a t tict ad lf-c t lld a ma t lt hi a
aa, ad hi d, i a t hi c ui' alicati f hi
aitac, alay id, c uagig, ad vagu. But mut judg
by th vt, ad that ma it cla that Ccil did t ca t
Bac i high iti . N thig ca acc ut f Bac ' tag failu
f l g a tim t ach hi du lac i th ublic vic but th
ct h tility, hatv may hav b th cau, f Ccil.
Th a al a th difficulty. C a th gat lay f th day,
a ma h m th G vmt c uld t di ith, ad h m it a
dag u t ffd. Ad C th ughly dilid Bac . H th ught
lightly f hi la, ad h did hi fimt ad hi ai f
ldg. H ca t but hav td th imtic, a h mut hav
th ught it, f Bac havig b f a h l ya hi ival f ffic.
It i ibl that if l th agd ith M. Sddig' ii a
t th maagmt f Ex' tial, h may hav b iitatd by
jal uy; but a c ul f m th aft th tial (Ail 29, 1601) Bac
t t Ccil, ith a ltt f c mlait, th f ll ig acc ut f a
c i C ut bt C ad himlf:
"/A tu mmbac f th abu I civd f M. Att y-Gal
ublicly i th Exchu th fit day f tm; f th tuth
h f I f mylf t all that t./
"I m vd t hav a izu f th lad f G . M , a lad
cuat, a fugitiv ad a actiig tayt ; ad h d btt
matt f th Qu agait th dichag by la, hich i v
ith a /alv ju/. Ad thi I did i a gtl ad a abl
tm a might b.
"M. Att y idld at it, ad aid, '/M. Bac , if y u hav ay
t th agait m luc it ut; f it ill d y u m hut tha all
th tth i y u had ill d y u g d./' I ad c ldly i
th vy d: '/M. Att y, I ct y u; I fa y u t; ad
th l y u a f y u gat, th m I ill thi f it./'
"H lid, '/I thi c t tad u tm f gat
t ad y u, h a l tha littl; l tha th lat;/' ad
th uch tag light tm h gav m, ith that iultig hich
ca t b xd.
"Hith tid, yt I aid m but thi: '/M. Att y, d
t d m fa; f I hav b y u btt, ad may b
agai, h it la th Qu./'
"With thi h a, ith I himlf c uld tll hat, a if h
had b b Att y-Gal; ad i th d bad m t mddl
ith th Qu' bui, but ith mi ; ad that I a
u , tc. I t ld him, u a all t a h t
ma; ad that I v t my vic fit, ad mylf c d; ad
ihd t G d that h uld d th li.
"Th h aid, it g
T hich I ly aid h c
hutd u a ld ct.
bid, hich I ad
m vd ith thm."
d t cla a /ca. ultgatum/ u my

uld t; ad that h a at fault, f
H gav m a umb f digacful
ith ilc, ad h ig that I a
bac!
h
d
t
Th that f th /caia ultgatum/ a bably i fc t th

at f Bac f dbt i Stmb, 1593. Aft thi a t
uid at Bac itig t C , "h ta t y ulf a libty t
digac ad diabl my la, my xic, my dicti ," that, "ic
I mid th S licit ' lac (th ath I thi by y u ma) I
ca t xct that y u ad I hall v v a Att y ad S licit
t gth, but ith v ith a th y u m v, t it
m th c u." Ad C , d ubt, t ca that it h uld b .
Ccil, t , may ibly hav th ught that Bac gav f f hi
fit f affai i thu bigig bf him a uabbl i hich b th
ati l t thi tm.
Bac a t bhid th t f th ld i "th tig f m
g d uality t ad th Kig," i th ah hich f ll d th Qu'
dath, f th h ag t ff thi vic t Jam, f
h acful acci Ccil had ilfully ad th ay. H
t t vy h , h th ught, c uld hl him: t Ccil, ad t
Ccil' ma"I ay y u, a y u fid tim lt him that h i th
ag i th Stat hich I l v m t;" t N thumblad, "If I may
b f ay u t y u L dhi, by my had, t gu, , ma,
fid, I humbly ay y u t h ld m y u ;" t th Kig' Sc tch
fid ad vat, v t S uthamt , th fid f Ex, h had
b hut u i th T ic hi c dmati ith Ex, ad h a
lad. "Thi gat chag," Bac aud him, "hath ught i
m
th chag t ad y u L dhi tha thi, that I may afly b
that hich I tuly a bf ." Bac f ud i aft ya that
S uthamt a t aily c ciliatd. But at t Bac a
h ful: "I mi aticula," h it, "I hav may c mf t ad
auac; but i mi ii th chif i, that th /cavaig
ld i g , ad th dvig ld i c m/." H a t b
c mmdd t th Kig"I c mmd mylf t y u l v ad t th
ll-uig f my am, a ll i ig ad aig f m, if
th b ay bitig ibblig at it i that lac, a i imig a
g d c cit ad ii f m, chifly i th Kig, a thi i
that C ut." Hi had b ud ud th g vmt f th Qu,
ad h had ffd a daft f a clamati t th Kig' advi. But
th ugh h btaid a itvi ith th Kig, Jam' aival i
Eglad b ught immdiat ct f im vmt i Bac '
f tu. Idd, hi am a at fit iadvttly ad v i th
lit f Qu' vat h t tai thi lac. Th fit
thig ha f i hi at a c d tim f dbt; ad hi ltt
f tha t Ccil, h had dd him aitac, a itt i d
di .
"F my u c u I di t mddl a littl a I ca i
th Kig' cau, hi Majty ab udig i c ul, ad t
f ll my ivat thift ad actic, ad t may ith m
c vit advacmt. F a f ay ambiti , I d au y u
H u, mi i uchd. I th Qu', my xcllt Mit',
tim th /u um/ a mall: h vic a a id f fh ld, ad
it a a m lm tim. All th it agd ith my atu
ad judgmt. My ambiti I hall ly ut u my , hby
I hall b abl t maitai mm y ad mit f th tim uccdig.
"Latly, f thi divulgd ad alm t titutd titl f
ighth d, I c uld ith ut chag, by y u H u' ma, b
c tt t hav it, b th bcau f thi lat digac ad bcau I
hav th ight i my m i Gay' I' c mm ; ad
bcau I hav f ud ut a aldma' daught, a had m maid,
t my liig."
Ccil, h v, m t hav uid that th m y h uld b aid
by th day; ad Bac ly ma a humbl ut, hich, it might b
u d, c uld hav b aily gatd.
"IT MAY PLEASE YOUR GOOD LORDSHIP,I a f y u lat ltt,
y u m y hall b ady bf y u day: icial, itt, ad
c t f uit. S th hiff mid, h I lad ; ad
a J ta m . Th t ca t b f g tt, f I ca t
f gt y u L dhi' /dum mm i mi/; ad if th hav b
/aliuid imi/, it hall b amdd. Ad, t b lai ith y u
L dhi, that ill uic m hich lacd m bf . Th I
th ught y u might hav had m u f m tha I u y u a
li t hav. N t but I thi th imdimt ill b ath i my

mid tha i th matt tim. But t d y u vic I ill c m
ut f my ligi at ay tim.
"F my ighth d, I ih th
m, ic th matt ill t;
ggai u i a t . Th c
L dhi t lt m ha f m y
L dhi' v much b ud,
ma might b uch a might gac

I ma, that I might t b mly
ati i at had. It may la y u
u dily. S I c tiu y u
"FR. BACON.
"F m G hambuy, thi 16th f July, 1603."
But it a t d . H " btaid hi titl, but t i a ma t
ditiguih him. H a ightd at Whithall t day bf th
c ati , but had t ha th h u ith 300 th."
It a t uit tu that hi "ambiti a uchd." F th t f
Ccil' lif Ccil a th fit ma at Jam' C ut; ad t th lat
th a thig that Bac uld t aa t blivh did t
ch t bliv that it a Ccil h t him bac f m ml ymt
ad h u. T th lat h itd i aumig that Ccil a th
h uld hl, if h c uld, a ima dv td t hi itt
ad f udly c ci u f hi th. T th lat h c mmdd hi
cau t Ccil i tm f utitd affcti ad c fidig h . It i
difficult t judg f th icity f uch laguag. Th m cut may
laguag f c mlimt ml yd by vy at thi tim a f a id
hich t u ud it labl. It m a if thig that iguity
c uld dvi a t xtavagat f a h t ma t u, ad f a ma
h ctd himlf t acct. It mut t, idd, b f g tt that
c vti aliti, a ll a iicity, diff i thi f m i
difft tim; ad that iicity may lu bhid fa ad cla
d, h thy a th fahi , a much a i hat i li m
ful m adulati . But d ma mthig, i it f f m ad
fahi . Wh a ma f gat giu it hi ivat ltt, ih
gally t bliv th h l hat h ay; ad th a limit
t th tm, th h u, th c fidc, hich Bac c tiud t th
d t x t ad Ccil. Bac aad t tut himaad, i
it f c tiud dia itmt, t ly hi g d-ill ad g d
ffic. But f a a th Bac till maid i th
had. H a lft t ml y hi tim a h uld, ad t hi ay
by himlf.
H a t idl. H ad a hich h mat h uld c m bf
th Kig, th ig ubjct f th day. Th Hamt C ut
c fc bt th Bih ad th Puita lad a at had, ad
h d u a m datig a th /Pacificati f th Chuch/. Th
flig agait him f hi c duct t ad Ex had t did aay, ad
h addd t L d M utj y that /A l gy c cig th Eal f
Ex/, full f itt, ilfully ad f cibly itt, vivid
a ictu f th Qu' ay ith h vat, hich ha vy mit
xct that f claig Bac f m th chag f dil yalty t hi bt
fid. Th vai u uti aiig ut f th lati f th t
igd m, uitd ud Jam, tig thmlv. Thy
t f ay luti , ad gat michif uld f ll if thy
lvd gly. Bac tud hi attti t thm. H addd a
dic u t th Kig th ui f th t igd m, th fit f a
i f dicui th ubjct hich Bac mad culialy hi
, ad hich, d ubt, fit d th Kig' attti ad fav u t him.
But f th fit ya f Jam' ig h a u ticd by th Kig,
ad h a abl t giv hi attti m fly t th gat th ught
ad h f hi lif. Thi tim f glct gav him th tuity f
liuly callig t gth ad xamiig th ida hich had l g had
h ld f hi mid ab ut th tat f huma ldg, ab ut th
ibiliti f xtdig it, ab ut th h ad hich that
ldg d, ad ab ut th mth d f aliig thi gat
ct. Thi, th ai f hi lif, v al v i th
h ttt day f bui th m t h l day f dfat, mut hav
had full lay duig th day f udd ublic ml ymt. H a a
ma h a t aily atifid ith hi attmt t aag th d
ad ti f hi la f matig that ld f u
tuth, hich h hld t b ithi th ga f ma if h uld ly da
t iz it; ad h a much giv t vay th ha f hi , ad t
ty ximt i c m iti ad v tyl. H t ad t.
Bid hat a fially ublihd, th mai a lag uatity f
hich v achd th tag f ublicati . H atd v ad
v agai th am th ught, th am imag ad chaactitic
ayig. Am g th a i hich um u hi c victi ab ut
th bf him, ad th v cati t hich h had b calld i
ct f it. It i i th f m f a "P m" t a tati th
/Ittati f Natu/. It a v ud i hi ublihd ;
but, a M. Sddig ay, it ha a culia valu a a authtic
tatmt f hat h l d u a hi cial bui i lif. It i
thi mii hich h tat t himlf i th f ll ig a. It i
da u i "tatly Lati." M. Sddig' talati i u thy
tati f th d f th gat P ht f K ldg:
"Blivig that I a b f th vic f maid, ad gadig
th ca f th C mm alth a a id f c mm ty hich,
li th ai ad at, bl g t vyb dy, I t mylf t
c id i hat ay maid might b bt vd, ad hat vic
I a mylf bt fittd by atu t f m.
"N am g all th bfit that c uld b c fd u maid, I
f ud gat a th dic vy f at, d mt, ad
c mm diti f th bttig f ma' lif.... But if a ma c uld
uccd, t i tiig ut m aticula ivti , h v
uful, but i idlig a light i atua light that h uld i it
vy iig t uch ad illumiat all th b d gi that c fi
u th cicl f u t ldg; ad adig futh
ad futh h uld tly dicl ad big it ight all that
i m t hidd ad ct i th ldthat ma (I th ught) uld b
th bfact idd f th huma acth agat f ma'
mi v th uiv, th chami f libty, th c u ad
ubdu f citi.
"F mylf, I f ud that I a fittd f thig ll a f
th tudy f Tuth; a havig a mid imbl ad vatil ugh t
catch th mblac f thig (hich i th chif it), ad at
th am tim tady ugh t fix ad ditiguih thi ubtl
diffc; a big giftd by atu ith di t , atic
t d ubt, f d t mditat, l t at, adi t
c id, caful t di ad t i d; ad a big a
ma that ith affct hat i admi hat i ld, ad
that hat vy id f im tu. S I th ught my atu had a
id f familiaity ad lati hi ith Tuth.
"Nvthl, bcau my bith ad ducati had a d m i
bui f Stat; ad bcau ii ( y ug a I a) uld
mtim tagg m; ad bcau I th ught that a ma' c uty

ha m cial claim u him m tha th t f th ld;
ad bcau I h d that, if I t ay lac f h u i th
Stat, I h uld hav a lag c mmad f iduty ad ability t
hl m i my f th a I b th alid mylf t
acui th at f civil lif, ad c mmdd my vic, fa a
i m dty ad h ty I might, t th fav u f uch fid a had
ay ifluc. I hich al I had a th m tiv: f I flt that
th thig I hav fb thy gat mallach
futh tha th c diti ad cultu f thi m tal lif; ad I
a t ith ut h (th c diti f ligi big at that tim
t vy u) that if I cam t h ld ffic i th Stat, I
might gt mthig d t f th g d f m' ul. Wh I
f ud, h v, that my zal a mita f ambiti , ad my lif
had alady adid th tuig- it, ad my baig halth
midd m h ill I c uld aff d t b l , ad I flctd,
m v, that i lavig ud th g d that I c uld d by mylf
al , ad alyig mylf t that hich c uld t b d ith ut
th hl ad c t f th, I a by ma dichagig th
duty that lay u mI ut all th th ught aid, ad (i
uuac f my ld dtmiati ) bt mylf h lly t thi
. N am I dic uagd f m it bcau I ig i th tim
f th dcli ad vth f that ldg ad uditi hich
i i u. N t that I ahd ay m babaia ivai
(ul ibly th Saih mi h uld c v it tgth, ad
havig cuhd th ati by am h uld itlf i ud it
ight); but th civil a hich may b xctd, I thi
(judgig f m ctai fahi hich hav c m i f lat), t
ad th ugh may c utit gth ith th maligity f ct,
ad th c mdi u atific ad dvic hich hav ct it
th lac f lid uditi m t td f litatu ad th
cic a tmt t l fatal, ad agait hich th
Pitig- ffic ill b ffctual cuity. Ad d ubt but that
fai-ath laig hich i ud by liu, bl m ud
ad ad ai, hich ca t ithtad th h c f ii , ad
i liabl t b abud by tic ad uacy, ill i ud uch
imdimt a th. Fa thi i it ith that ldg h
digity i maitaid by f utility ad . F th
ijui, thf , hich h uld cd f m th tim, I am t
afaid f thm; ad f th ijui hich cd f m m, I am
t c cd. F if ay chag m ith ig t b i
v-much, I a imly that m dty ad civil ct a fit
f civil matt; i c tmlati thig i t b ctd but
Tuth. If ay call m f / /, ad that tly, I tll
him faly, ith ut ay im tu at all, that f ma ma t
ld, f a halth, my had full f civil bui, tig
ith ut guid light u a agumt f all th th m t
bcuI h ld it ugh t hav c tuctd th machi, th ugh I
may t uccd i ttig it .... If, agai, ay a m,
t idd f actual , yt f dfiit mi ad f cat
f th that a t b, I uld hav him that th
ldg hich ill t tach a ma v hat t
/ih/. Latlyth ugh thi i a matt f l m mtif ay f u
liticia, h ud t ma thi calculati ad c jctu
acc dig t ad cdt, mut d it hi
judgmt i a thig f thi atu, I uld but mid him h
(acc dig t th acit fabl) th lam ma ig th c u
th ac f th ift ma h lft it; ad that th i th ught
t b ta ab ut cdt, f th thig i ith ut cdt.
"F mylf, my hat i t t u ay f th thig hich

dd u xtal accidt. I am t hutig f fam: I hav
di t f ud a ct, aft th fahi f hiach; ad t
l f ay ivat gai f m uch a udtaig a thi I c ut
b th idicul u ad ba. E ugh f m th c ci u f
ll-dvig, ad th al ad ffctual ult ith hich
F tu itlf ca t itf."
I 1604 Jam' fit Paliamt mt, ad ith it Bac tud t a
iduti u ublic lif, hich a t t b itutd till it fially
cam t a d ith hi tag ad itivabl fall. Th tuity
had c m; ad Bac , atit, vigilat, ad c ci u f gat
ad idfatigabl gy, fully aa f all th c diti f th tim,
uhd at c t th f t i th H u f C mm . H l t tim i
h ig that h mat t ma himlf flt. Th H u f C mm had
mt tha it a iv lvd i a c tt ith th Chacy, ith th
L d, ad fially ith th Kig himlf, ab ut it ivilgi thi
ca it xcluiv ight t judg f th tu f it mmb. Bac '
tim a c m f h ig th Kig b th that h a illig t d him
vic, ad that h a th big ml yd. H t a ladig at i
th dicui , ad a tutd by th H u a thi ma ad
t i th vai u c fc. Th Kig, i hi vig
c fidc i hi ab lut gativ, had, idd, g t himlf it
i u difficulty; f th ivilg a hich it a im ibl
f th C mm t giv u. But Bac ld th H u t ag t a
aagmt hich avd thi ight; ad ud a cl ud f d f
xtavagat flatty h ut th Kig i g d-hum u, ad licitd f m
him th ta u al f a c m mi hich dd a vy
dag u diut. "Th Kig' v ic," aid Bac , i hi t t th
H u, "a th v ic f G d i ma, th g d iit f G d i th m uth
f ma; I d t ay th v ic f G d ad t f ma; I am t f
H d' flatt; a cu fll u him that aid it, a cu him
that uffd it. W might ay, a a aid t S l m , W a glad, O
Kig, that giv acc ut t y u, bcau y u dic hat i ."
Th c u f thi Paliamt, i hich Bac a activ ad mit,
h d th Kig, bably f th fit tim, hat Bac a. Th
i a t t my a m f th lat ; but ccai a
hich vald t th Kig ad t th H u f C mm th dly
dic dat aumti ad u by hich ach aty a iflucd,
ad hich b ught ut Bac ' f adjutig difficulti ad
ham iig claim. H v avd i hi l yalty t hi H u,
h it i cla that hi auth ity a gat. But th a limit
t th ubmii ad vc hich h xd t th Kig, ad,
idd, t hi di t big ab ut hat th Kig did, a fa a it
c uld b afly d . Dalig ith th C mm , hi licy a "t b
c tt ith th ubtac ad t t tad th f m." Dalig ith
th Kig, h a f ad t c gi all that Jam atd c gid
f hi igcaft ad hi ab lut vigty. Bac aaild ith a
f c ad hich h d hat h c uld d a a t, th
amazig ad it labl givac aiig ut f th uvival f uch
fudal cut m a Wadhi ad Puvyac; cut m hich mad v a
ma' ldt ad ty, duig a mi ity, t th ig f th
Kig, that i, t a Kig' fav uit, ad all d th Kig' vat t
cut d a ma' timb bf th id f hi h u. But h ugd
that th givac h uld b ta aay ith th utm t td
f th Kig' h u ad th Kig' u. I th gat ad t ubl m
uti latig t th Ui h t ca t b fully ad. H
a ually t g it f ctai ad ubtatial im tac,
ually uic t uggt acc mm dati h thig ubtatial a
t uchd. Hi attitud a f fidly ad ctful iddc.

It a t miudt d by th Kig. Bac , h had hitht b a
u ad uaid mmb f th Lad C ul, civd hi
ffic by att, ith a mall alay, ad h a chagd ith th gav
bui f aig th f th C mmii f th Ui f
th Kigd m, i hich, h th C mmii mt, h t a f m t ad
uccful at.
But th Paliamt bf hich thi t a t b laid did t mt
till t m th aft th f th C mmii a d (Dc.,
1604N v., 1605). F aly a th ya Bac had ublic . Th
liu a ud f hi bjct. H a ittd i hit y i a
dg ly c d t hi itt i atu; idd, but f th
g ig claim f hi hil hy f atu, h might hav b th
fit ad f th gatt f u hit ia. H addd a ltt
t th Chacll Ellm th dficici f Bitih hit y, ad
th tuiti hich ffd f ulyig thm. H himlf c uld
at t d thig; "but bcau th b may g d ait, b th
f had ad c l u, it dth but c uagmt ad itucti t
giv lif ad light ut it." But h mit , i thi a i th
itac, th ay i hich uch thig a d . M d t acc mlih
uch thig t d, but bcau thi ul c ml thm, a h himlf
a buildig u hi gat hil hical tuctu, i th midt f hi
ambiti ad dia itmt. Ad thi itval f uit abld him t
big ut hi fit ublic aal th ubjct hich m t filld hi
mid. H c mltd i Eglih th /T B f th Advacmt f
K ldg/, hich ublihd at a b -h at th gatay f Gay'
I i H lb (Oct., 1605). H itdd that it h uld b ublihd i
Lati al ; but h a diatifid ith th at talati t him
f m Cambidg, ad bably h a i a huy t gt th b ut. It
a ddicatd t th Kig, t mly by ay f c mlimt, but ith th
i u h that hi itt might b aad i th ubjct hich
at Bac ' hat. Li th f Bac ' h , it a
dia itd. Th Kig' tudi ad th Kig' hum u t f th
id t ma him ca f Bac ' vii f th futu, hi ag
di t bgi at c a vl mth d f ivtigatig th fact ad
la f atu; ad th aal t him fll dad. Bac t th b
ab ut t hi fid ith xlaat y ltt. T Si T. B dly h it:
"I thi ma may m tuly ay ith th Palm, /Multum ic la
fuit aima ma/ [P. 120] tha mylf. F I d c f ic I a
f ay udtadig, my mid hath i ffct b abt f m that I
hav d ; ad i abc a may hich I illigly
ac ldg; ad am g thm, thi gat hich ld th t: that
ig mylf by iad callig t b fitt t h ld a b tha t
lay a at, I hav ld my lif i civil cau, f hich I a t
vy fit by atu, ad m ufit by th ccuati f my mid.
Thf , callig mylf h m, I hav j yd mylf; h f
lii I di t ma th ld ata."
T L d Salibuy, i a t f lab at c mlimt, h dcib hi
u by a imag hich h at m tha c. "I hall c tt
mylf t aa btt iit, /li a bll-ig, hich i fit u
t call th t chuch/." But th t fid h judgmt h
chifly valud, ad h , a th ccai , ta it hi m t
itimat litay c fidc, Bih Ad, hi "iuiit ,"
ad T by Matth, a f th Achbih f Y , h had bc m a
R ma Cath lic, ad livd i Italy, ig a g d dal f lad m
th, aatly th m t tutd f all Bac ' fid.
Wh Paliamt mt agai i N vmb, 1605, th Gu d Pl t ad it
c uc filld all mid. Bac a t ml yd ab ut it by
G vmt, ad hi i th H u a c fid t cayig
matt lft ufiihd f m th vi u i . O th um u f
lgal m ti ad vacaci Bac c m alid t Salibuy f
th S licit hi (Mach, 1606). But chag mad, ad Bac a
"till xt th d ." I May, 1606, h did hat had f m tim b
i hi th ught: h maid; t th lady h m Ex had tid t i
f him, that Lady Hatt h bcam th if f hi ival C , but
h m Salibuy hld him t gai, a aldma' daught, Alic
Baham, "a had m maid," ith m m y ad a diagabl
m th, by h c d maiag, Lady Pacigt . Bac ' cui u l v f
m amud th g i f th day. "Si Faci Bac ," it Calt
t Chamblai, "a maid ytday t hi y ug ch, i Maib
Chal. H a clad f m t t t i ul, ad hath mad himlf ad
hi if uch t f aimt f cl th f ilv ad g ld that it
da d it h ti ." Of hi maid lif ha xt t
thig: i hi /Eay Maiag/ h i t thuiatic i it
ai; alm t th ly thig i that i hi ill, tty ya
aftad, h h d hi diatifacti ith hi if, h aft hi
dath maid agai. But it gav him a additi al a , ad a
additi al la, f ig f fmt, ad i th umm f 1606
th ig cam. C a mad Chif-Jutic f th C mm Pla,
lavig th Att y' lac vacat. A fav uit f Salibuy', H bat,
bcam Att y, ad Bac h d f m aagmt by hich th
S licit D ddidg might b thi vidd f , ad h himlf
bc m S licit . H ful a h a, ad atit f dia itmt, ad
f hat th m uld hav th ught ijutic ad faithl, h
flt ly b th th digac ad th ic vic f ft
xctig lac, ad big ft ad v. Whil th uti a
dig, h t t th Kig, th Chacll , ad Salibuy. Hi ltt
t th Kig i a c d i hi d f hi ublic vic. T th
Chacll , h m h blivd t b hi u t, h td th
dicdit hich h uffdh a a c mm gaz ad a ch;" "th
littl utati hich by hi iduty h gathd, big cattd ad
ta aay by c tiual digac, /vy ma c mig ab v m/;" ad
hi if ad hi if' fid maig him fl it. Th ltt
h hat Bac th ught t b hi claim, ad h had h f ud it t
gt thm c gid. T th Chacll h ugd, am g th thig,
that tim a liig by
"I humbly ay y u L dhi t c id that tim g th ci u
ith m, ad that a maid ma i v ya ld i hi th ught
th fit day.... Ad it t t atify my if' fid, ad
t gt mylf ut f big a c mm gaz ad a ch, I tt
bf G d I uld v a d f it. But t c clud, a my
h uabl Lady y u if a m ma t ma m t chag th
am f a th, if it la y u t hl m t chag my
am, I ca b but m ad m b ud t y u; ad I am much
dcivd if y u L dhi fid t th Kig ll iclid, ad my
L d f Salibuy f ad ad affcti at."
T Salibuy h it:
"I may ay t y u L dhi, i th c fidc f y u ima,
ad f a ma by y u advacd, /Tu idm f m, ui m dditi/;
f I am u it a t ibl f ay livig ma t hav
civd f m a th m igificat ad c mf tabl d f
h ; y u L dhi big lad t tll m, duig th c u f
my lat vic, that y u uld ai m; ad that h y u had
lvd t ai a ma, y u m caful f him tha himlf;

ad that hat y u had d f m i my maiag a a bfit t
m, but f u t y u L dhi.... Ad I , ad all th ld
th, that y u L dhi i dal f h ly at, but bl
ad al; ad my at I am f a u g ud that I hav c mmittd
thig that may dv altati . Ad thf my h i y u
L dhi ill fiih a g d , ad c id that tim g th
ci u ith m, ad that I am /vgtibu ai/. Ad
alth ugh I y u f tu i t t d a hudd uch a I am,
yt I hall b v ady t giv y u my bt ad fit fuit, ad
t uly (a much a i m lith) thi by thaful."
Still th daf t hi aal; at ay at h had t b
c tt ith a th mi. C idig th ability hich h had h
i Paliamt, th id m ad zal ith hich h had u td th
G vmt, ad th im tat iti hich h hld i th H u f
C mm , th glct f him i uitlligibl, xct t
u iti : that th G vmt, that i Ccil, afaid f
aythig but th m uti f la, a td by uch m a
H bat ad D ddidg; that C ' h tility t him a uabatd, ad
C till t im tat t b ffdd.
Bac tud t h th Paliamt mt, N vmb, 1606. Th
uti aiig ut f th Ui , th uti f atualiati , it
g ud ad limit, th iti f Sc tchm b /bf / /ic/
th Kig' acci , th /Atati/ ad /P tati/, th uti f a
ui f la, ith it c uc, dicud ith gat
ad much jal u flig. O th uti f atualiati Bac t
th libal ad lag vi. Th immdiat ui f la h d a
matu. H a a illig vat f th H u, ad th H u adily
mad u f him. H td th ult f c fc, v h hi
ii a adv t that f th H u. Ad h td th
ch f uch a L d Salibuy, bably th ig it thm
b th f m ad matt f hi . At lgth, "iltly, th 25th f
Ju," 1607, h a a itd S licit -Gal. H a th f ty-v.
"It a al bably ab ut thi tim," it M. Sddig, "that Bac
fially ttld th la f hi '/Gat Itauati /,' ad bga t
call it by that am."
-----------------------------------------------------------------------CHAPTER IV.
BACON SOLICITOR-GENERAL.
Th gat thi ad idalit, th gat f a ld f ldg
t hich th m f hi gati blid, ad hich thy c uld
t, v ith hi hl, imagi a ibl , had th fit
t i that l g ad t il m act t ucc i lif, i hich f
f ut ya h had b baffld. H had mad himlf, f g d ad
f vil, a vat f th G vmt f Jam I. H a ad t
dichag ith zal ad ca all hi duti. H a ad t f m
all th vic hich that G vmt might claim f m it vat. H
had ught, h had ai atly d t b admittd ithi that
cicl i hich th ill f th Kig a th um la; aft that, it
uld hav b ui t hav ithda itd. But it d t
aa that th th ught ih t it ithda v td

itlf; h had th ughly c vicd himlf that i d ig hat th Kig
uid h a d ig th at f a g d citiz, ad a faithful vat
f th Stat ad C mm alth. Th t liv, th t cut f
u ad ff t, till th. Bhid all th agl f th
c ut ad th dviig f uti abl lgal ubtlti t u t m
uc tituti al c achmt, t utfla th dfc f m
b xi u i , th high hil hical mditati till t ;
th mmbac f thi t ad gadu ug m tha c
f m th jadd lay th baffld c ull th c mlait, i d
hich had a gat cham f him, /Multum ic la fuit aima ma/"My ul
hath l g dlt" h it uld t b. But ii ad ambiti ad th
imm c vic f big gat ad ich ad ful, ad th
u d citi f hi c diti , t
t g v f hi
l gig t b th itt ad th vat f atu. Th i
tac f th faitt luctac hi at t b th illig miit
f a c ut f hich t ly th icial figu, but th abit ad
g vig iit, a t b G g Villi, Du f Bucigham.
Th fit liu that Bac had aft h a a itd S licit h
ud i a chaactitic ay. H at d t ma a miut t c-taig
f hi iti ad it cicumtac. I th umm f 1608 h dv td
a f July t thi uvy f hi lif, it bjct ad it
aliac; ad h j ttd d , day by day, th ugh th , f m hi
t flcti , h tacibd f m f m t-b , a i
f t i l d, m tly vy ugh ad t alay itlligibl,
ab ut vythig that c uld c c him. Thi cui u ad itimat
c d, hich h calld /C mmtaiu S lutu/, a dic vd by M.
Sddig, h t uatually had m migivig ab ut ublihig
ct ad ambigu u a c d f a ma' m t ivat c fidc
ith himlf. But th it a, ad, a it a , h d ubt
dcidd ily i ublihig it a it tad; h ha d hi bt t
ma it itlligibl, ad h ha al d hi bt t m v ay
ufav uabl imi that might ai f m it. It i igulaly
ittig a a vidc f Bac ' ay f ig, f hi
atchful, hi iduty, hi ca i aig himlf l g
bf had f ibl ccai , hi adi t ta ay am ut f
t ubl ab ut hi t duti, hi lf-liat di f m
im tat ad difficult . It xhibit hi habit f lf- bvati
ad lf-c cti , hi ca t md hi atual dfct f v ic,
ma, ad dlivy; it i v m cui u i h ig him atchig
hi hyical c tituti ad halth, i th m t miut dtail f
ymt m ad mdi, ually ith a citific ad a actical bjct.
It c tai hi timat f hi ic m, hi xditu, hi dbt,
chdul f lad ad jl, hi ul f th c my f hi tat,
hi la f hi gad ad tac ad d ad buildig at
G hambuy. H a a ich ma, valuig hi ty at 24,155 ad
hi ic m at 4975, budd ith a c idabl dbt, but t m
tha h might aily l t i ut. But, bid all th it,
th aa th t lag itt f hi lifth f m f
hil hy, ad hi idal f a gat ati al licy. Th "gat f
Bitai" a f hi fav uit ubjct f mditati . H ut d
i hi t th utli f hat h uld b aimd at t cu ad
ica it; it i t ma th vai u f c f th gat ad g ig
mi t gth i ham i u d, ith ut at, ith ut
jal uy, ith ut c achmt ad c llii ; t uit t ly th
itt but th ymathi ad aim f th C ith th f th
l ad Paliamt; ad t ma Bitai, i il f m thig
but f m th tgth f it dic dat lmt, that "M achy f
th Wt" i ality, hich Sai a i h , ad, a Bac alay
maitaid, ly i h . Th uvy f th c diti f hi

hil hical ti ta m ac. H t th tag ad
it t hich hi la hav achd; h idicat, ith a fav uit
u tati a hthgm"/Plu ulta/""/auu vaa
c tm/""/aditu ii ub a ifati/" t b
familia t th ld i hi ublihd itigth li f agumt,
mtim altativ , hich bf him; h da ut chm
f iuiy, cim tabl, diticti ad claificati ab ut th
ubjct f M ti , i Eglih itladd ith Lati, i Lati
itladd ith Eglih, f hi chaactitic ad actical t; h
t th vai u uc f m hich h might l f hl ad
c - ati " f lad m by d th a""t bgi fit i Fac
t it it""layig f a lac t c mmad it ad ;" h ha hi
y ich ad childl bih , th f cd idl f Stat
i i th T , li N thumblad ad Raligh, th gat
ch l ad uiviti, h h might ha gt h ld f m
c llg f "Ivt "a h uld ay, f th d mt f ach.
Th matt fill u a lag ac f hi t. But hi th ught
al buy ab ut hi advacmt. Ad t th ht f
miclla u mm ada Bac c fidd t ly hi ccuati ad hi
hil hical ad litical ida, but, ith a cui u i ct
uv, th at ad mth d hich h d t u i d t i
th fav u f th gat ad t ull d th utati f hi ival.
H ut d i dtail h h i t c mmd himlf t th Kig ad
th Kig' fav uit
"T t f t ad maitai acc ith hi Majty, Da f th
Chal, May, Muay. Kig a c u f acc at th bgiig f
vy tm ad vacati , ith a mm ial. T attd m tim hi
at, t fall it a c u f familia dic u. T fid
ma t i a c cit, t , but ivat, f big affcti at
ad aud t th Sc tch, ad fit t uccd Salibuy i hi
maag i that id; L d Duba, Du f L x, ad Daubiy: ct."
Th, agai, f Salibuy
"Iiuat mylf t bc m ivy t my L d f Salibuy' tat."
"T c d ith Salibuy i a habit f atual but ay
il u b ld, ad i vivacity, ivti , ca t cat ad
ti (but ith du cauti ), f thi ma I judg b th i
hi atu fth th tad, ad i hi d lath him bt, ad
mith m u f m. I judg my tadig ut, ad t fav ud
by N thamt , mut d d m g d ith Salibuy, cially
c maativ t th Att y."
Th Att y H bat filld th lac t hich Bac had l g aid,
ad hich h th ught, ha a ably, that h c uld fill much
btt. At ay at, f th it t hich h cu futly i
hi t i t xh t himlf t ma hi vic a c tiual
c tat t th Att y'"t hav i mid ad u th Att y'
a," umatig a lit f itac: "T full f ca ad
diticti . Nibblig lmly, h ditiguihth but ahd t;"
"N gift ith hi i clamati ad th li;" ad at lat h
da ut i a i f igam hi vi f "Hubbad' diadvatag"
"Btt at hift tha at dift.... /Subtilita i acim ia/....
N ith th judg.... H ill alt a thig but t md....
H ut it att ad dd d t f la but f c mm
ad dic u.... S ciabl av i fit.... H d th d ulat
mi ffic; thi calld icl .... I v ay f
g d a ch ith a ." ...

Th i a magial t"S lm g . Statly, lati dd (?)
cafty. Thy hav mad him bliv that h i d u i." Ad,
fially, h da u a a f c ul ad ul f hi
c duct"/Cutum at ad Idividuum/"hich might uly a utli f
a ay th at f bhavi u f a iig fficial, a ul
t th bitig i y f th ay /Cuig/ ad /Wid m f a Ma'
Slf/.
"T fuih my L. f S. ith amt f ublic ch. T ma
him thi h h h uld b vcd by a L d Chacll , if I
; Picli.
"T a him f matt t b hadld i C ucil bf th
Kig af had, ad t h him ad yild him th fuit f my ca.
"T ta t i tabl, h I attd th C ucil, ad mtim
t m v ut f a mm ial hd ad . T hav aticula
ccai , fit ad gacful ad c tiual, t maitai ivat
ch ith vy th gat , ad mtim daig m tha
t gth. /Ex imitati Att./ Thi cially i ublic lac,
ad ith ut ca affctati . At C ucil tabl t ma g d my L.
f Salib. m ti ad ch, ad f th t mtim
mtim a th; chifly hi, that i m t at ad i affcti .
"T u at c my aig, ith atig ad lab u f bath
ad v ic. N t t fall u th mai t
udd, but t iduc ad
itmigl ch f g d fahi . T u at c u tac
giv f ch, th ugh abut, t c m ad da i mylf. T
f mylf at c f m ayt. (?) f f mality ad c mlimt,
th ugh ith m h f cal, id, ad ud."
(Ad th f ll a l g lit f matt
f bui t b attdd t .)
Th at f a c ut t ; it a t f m t bv

thm i thi ighb u ad ival. What a a th itig thm
d , ith dlibat cad u, am g a ma' ivat mm ada, a
thig t b d ad ith th itti f actiig thm. Thi f
itlf, it ha b uggtd, h that thy ufamilia ad
uc gial t Bac ; f a ma mid himlf f hat h i at t
f gt. But a ma mid himlf al
f hat m t him, at th
m mt, m t im tat, ad hat h lay m t t u . Ad it i
cla that th a th ul, ht ical ad thical, hich Bac laid
d f himlf i uuig th c d gat bjct f hi lifhi
fficial advacmt; ad that, hatv thi f thm, thy th
ma hich h dlibatly a vd.
A l g a Salibuy livd, th ditut hich had t Bac l g i
th had t him at a ditac f m th Kig' a, ad f m ifluc
hi c ul. Salibuy a th Eglihma i h m th Kig had
bc m accut md t c fid, i hi c ci u tag t
Eglih ay ad al dili ad uici f thm; Salibuy had a
auth ity hich l had, b th f m hi lati ith Jam at
th d f Elizabth' ig, ad a th tativ f h licy
ad th d itay f it taditi ; ad if h had livd, thig might
t, ha, hav b btt i Jam' g vmt, but may thig,
bably, uld hav b difft. But hil Salibuy a um,
Bac , th ugh vy alt ad zal u, a maily buid ith hi
fficial ; ad th S licit ' lac had bc m, a h ay, a "ma
thig" c mad ith th Att y', ad al a xtmly lab i u
lac" f th aifullt lac i th igd m." Much f it a
uti, but ibl ad fatiguig uti. But if h a t i
Salibuy' c fidc, h a mit i th H u f C mm . Th
gat ad ig ubjct f th tim a th icaig difficulti
f th vu, catd atly by th ivitabl chag f a g ig
tat, but much m by th Kig' ic igibl atful. It a
im ibl t ali c mltly th gat dam ad l gig f th
Stuat ig ad thi miit t ma th C iddt f
aliamtay uli; but t di ith th uli a much a
ibl, ad t ma a much a ibl f th vu mat, a
th c tiud ad fatal licy f th C ut. Th "Gat C tact"a
chm by hich, i tu f th ud by th C f ctai
bud m ad dag u claim f th P gativ, th C mm t
au a lag c matig yaly ic m t th C a Salibuy'
fav uit dvic duig th lat t ya f hi lif. It a t a
u . Th bagai a a ill-imagid ad t vy dc u
taacti bt th Kig ad hi l. B th ati atually
jal u f a th, uici u f udhad dalig ad tacit
chag f tm, mt t t ad ta ffc, ad t ay t
acify h thy th ught advatag had b ta; ad Salibuy, ith
by hi fault, by yildig t th Kig' cay hifti, gav
th bui a m hagglig ad huctig l tha it d hav had.
Bac , a ub diat f th G vmt, but a vy im tat i
th C mm , did hi at, l yally, a it m, ad ilfully i
m thig diffc ad ig aad uti f m maig thi
aaac. Thu h tid t tav ff th i f bigig dfiitly
t a it th Kig' chihd claim t lvy "im iti ," cut m
duti, mchadi, by vitu f hi gativa claim hich h
ad th C mm t t diut, ad hich Bac , maitaiig it a
lgal i th y, did hi bt t vt thm f m dicuig, ad t
uad thm t b c tt ith taiig. Whatv h th ught f th
"Gat C tact," h did hat a xctd f him i tyig t gai f
it fai lay. But h mad tim f th thig al . H advid, ad
advid udly, th latati ad fiac f Ilad. It a a
ubjct i hich h t d itt. A f ya lat, ith ly t
u a f ight, h gav th aig, "lt Ilad civil bc m m
dag u t u tha Ilad avag." H advid t udly i it f
la, but cui uly i acc dac ith m d ti ab ut d mt;
th ugh, i thi itac, i th fam u ill ca f Th ma Sutt , th
f ud f th Chat H u, hi agumt bably c vd th chm
f a m t u j b i fav u f th dy C ut. Ad hi t
i it f th u f th S licit ' lac. T th fit ya
f hi fficial lif bl g th vy ittig fagmt, itdd
t fid a vii al lac i th la f th "Gat Itauati ." T
hi fid T by Matth, at Fl c, h t i maucit th gat
attac th ld tach f ldg, hich i ha th m t
billiat, ad al th m t i ltly ujut ad uthiig ic f
ht ic v c m d by himth /Rdaguti Phil hiaum/.
"I d y u at thi tim th ly at hich hath ay hah; ad
yt I famd t mylf a ii , that h v all d ll f
that fac hich y u much c mmd, ill t dili, at
lat ught t t dili, thi th ch f aati ; f it
i itt ut f th am iit, ad ut f th am city.
Nay it d th m fully lay that th uti bt m ad th
acit i t f th vitu f th ac, but f th ight f
th ay. Ad t a tuth, it i t th th but a /alma/ t
/ugu/, at f th am thig m lag.... Mylf am li th
mill f Hutigd , that a t t ay f ac am gt th
ill ; f hil th id bl, th id-mill ught, ad th
at-mill a l cut md. S I that c t vi f
ligi mut hid th advacmt f cic. Lt m c clud
ith my tual ih t ad y ulf, that th a bati f
y ulf by y u dict ad tmat caiag, may t
y u t y u c uty, ad y u fid t y u city. Ad I
c mmd y u t G d' g d.
"Gay' I, thi 10th f Oct b, 1609."
T Bih Ad h t, al i maucit, a th ic, bl gig
t th am lath dly imiv tati calld /Via t
C gitata/hat Faci Bac had f atu ad ldg, ad hat
h had c m by mditati t thi f hat h had . Th ltt i
t l ittig tha th lat, i ct t th it' u ,
hi ma f itig, ad hi lati t hi c dt.
"MY VERY GOOD LORD,N y u L dhi hath b l g i th
chuch ad th alac diutig bt ig ad , mthi
y u h uld ta lau t l it th fild, ad fh y u
mid ith m matt f hil hy, th ugh that cic b
th ugh ag axd a child agai, ad lft t b y ad y ug m; ad
bcau y u t t ma m bliv y u t liig t my
itig, I d y u m f thi vacati ' fuit, ad thu much
m f my mid ad u . I hat t t ublih; ihig I
uld vt. Ad I am f cd t ct a ll my tim a th
matt. F ith m it i thu, ad I thi ith all m i my ca,
if I bid mylf t a agumt, it l adth my mid; but if I id my
mid f th t c gitati , it i ath a cati . Thi hath
ut m it th micllai, hich I u t u, if G d
giv m lav t it a jut ad fct v lum f hil hy,
hich I g ith, th ugh l ly. I d t y u L dhi t
much, lt it may glut y u. N lt m tll y u hat my di i.
If y u L dhi b g d a h y u th g d Da f
Wtmit, my ut t y u i, that t by ic, but by t,
y u uld ma ut m hat v hall m ut y u ith t
cut i th tyl, hah t cdit ad ii ,
ic vit f th f th it; f ma ca b judg
ad aty, ad h u mid judg by flcti f ulv, thy
a m ubjct t . Ad th ugh f th matt itlf my
judgmt b i m thig fixd, ad t accibl by ay ma'
judgmt that g th t my ay, yt v i th thig th
adm iti f a fid may ma m x mylf divly. I uld
hav c m t y u L dhi, but that I am hatig t my h u i
th c uty. Ad I c mmd y u L dhi t G d' g d."
Th a yt a th ducti f thi tim, f hich hav a tic
f m himlf i a ltt t T by Matth, th cui u ad igi u
littl tati th /Wid m f th Acit/, " f th m t
ula f hi ," ay M. Sddig, "i hi ad i th xt
gati ," but f valu t u maily f it uait tical c l u,
ad th uxctd tu, li a t a iddl, giv t th acit
fabl. Wh thi a ublihd, it a th thid tim that h had
aad a a auth i it. H thu it ab ut it ad himlf:
"MR. MATTHEWS,I d hatily tha y u f y u ltt f th 24th
f Augut f m Salamaca; ad i c m th f I d y u a
littl f mi that hath bgu t a th ld. Thy tll m
my Lati i tud it ilv, ad bc m cut. Had y u b
h, y u h uld hav b my iuiit bf it cam f th; but I
thi th gatt iuiit i Sai ill all it.... My gat

g th f ad, ad, aft my ma, I alt v h I add.
S that thig i fiihd till all b fiihd.
"F m Gay' I, th 17th f Fbuay, 1610."
I th autum f 1611 th Att y-Gal a ill, ad Bac midd
b th th Kig ad Salibuy f hi claim. H a afaid, h it t
th Kig, ith a dd f gtful f th itcy ad at
f hi alicati , "that /by a f my l t u/, ad
ahd ccai u th udd, ig lai c u f aiful
vic, I may /i fi dium/ b i dag t b glctd ad
f g tt." Th Att y c vd, but Bac , N Ya' Tid f
1611/12, t t Salibuy t tha him f hi g d-ill. It i th
lat ltt f Bac ' t Salibuy hich ha c m d t u.
"IT MAY PLEASE YOUR GOOD LORDSHIP,I uld tat th ya t
a f th ld, i my humbl tha t y u L dhi, b th f
may y u fav u, ad chifly that u th ccai f M.
Att y' ifimity I f ud y u L dhi v a I uld ih.
Thi d th ica a di i m t x my thaful mid t
y u L dhi; h ig that th ugh I fid ag ad dcay g u
m, yt I may hav a flah t
f iit lft t d y u vic.
Ad I d tt bf G d, ith ut c mlimt ay light vi f
mid, that if I i hat c u f lif t d y u bt vic,
I uld ta it, ad ma my th ught, hich fly t may ic,
b ducd t that ct. But all thi i m tha I am, hich
i t much, but yt th ti f him that i"
I th f ll ig May (May 24, 1612) Salibuy did. F m thi dat Jam
ad f m g vmt by a miit, h , hatv may hav b hi
fault, a lab i u, ublic-iitd, ad a tatma, it hi
ig ad it th had f fav uit, h cad ly f thmlv.
With Ccil cad th taditi f th day f Elizabth ad Bughly,
i may ay vil ad cul taditi , but t ig bl ad did ;
ad Jam a lft ith ut th tay, ad al ith ut th chc, hich
Ccil' had b t him. Th fild a f m ad
ay; th fahi ad ida f th tim had altd duig th lat t
ya, ad th f th Qu' day had g ut f dat. W uld th
tu ut f th btt th ? Bac , at ay at, a th
igificac f th chag ad th citical vtful f th m mt.
It a hi habit f ld t d mm ial f advic t th had f th
G vmt, aatly ith ut uch uggti mig m ituiv
ffici u tha a ladig aticl m , ad ha ith much th
am ffct. It a a tim t d , if v; ad h a i a
fficial lati t th Kig hich titld him t ff advic. H
at c ad t lay hi th ught bf th Kig, ad t uggt
that h c uld d fa btt vic tha Ccil, ad a ady t ta
hi lac. Th licy f th "Gat C tact" had ctaily b d ,
ad th Kig, ud Ccil' guidac, had ctaily t h t
maag a Eglih aliamt. I itig t th Kig h f ud it had t
atify himlf. Sval daft ltt mai, ad it i t ctai
hich f thm, if ay, a t. But immdiatly Salibuy' dath h
bga, May 29th, a ltt i hich h aid that h had v yt b
abl t h hi affcti t th Kig, "havig b a a ha tid t
a th' fit;" ad if, "a a aid t that a gat d,
/Amic, vba tua didat civitatm/, y u Majty ay t m, /Bac ,
y u d ui a lac t a thm/," yt that "lac t
lac" a ith th Kig. But th daft ba ff abutly, ad ith
th dat f th 31t hav th f ll ig:
"Y u Majty hath l t a gat ubjct ad a gat vat. But if

I h uld ai him i ity, I h uld ay that h a a fit ma
t thig f m g ig , but vy fit ma t duc
thig t b much btt. F h l vd t hav th y f all
Ial a littl t much u himlf, ad t hav all bui
till ud th hamm, ad li clay i th had f th tt, t
m uld it a h th ught g d; that h a m /i ati /
tha /i /. Ad th ugh h had fi aag f acti , yt th
al c clui cam l ly . S that alth ugh y u Majty hath
gav c ull ad thy lft, yt y u d a it
tu a laf, hi if y u Majty hall giv a fam ad
c tituti t matt, bf y u lac th , i my iml
ii it t ami. But th gat matt ad m t itat f
th t, i th c idati f a Paliamt, f t ffct:
th f th uly f y u tat, th th f th btt
ittig f th hat f y u ubjct ut y u Majty, acc dig
t y u ifiit mit; f b th hich, Paliamt hav b ad
a th atit ad h uabl mdy.
"N bcau I ta mylf t hav a littl ill i that gi , a
that v affctd that y u Majty m ught i all y u cau
t ly vail, but vail ith atifacti f th i ma;
ad th ugh ma ca ay but I a a fct ad mt y
yalit, yt vy ma ma m bliv that I a v h u
ut f cdit ith th L H u; my di i t hth
y u Majty ill giv m lav t mditat ad ud ut y u
m aativ mmbac t uchig th futu Paliamt."
Whth h t thi t, h ad a th daft. What had
had i th ma hil t, but Bac a i a bitt m d,
ad th ltt val, f th fit tim, hat a ally i Bac '
hat ab ut th "gat ubjct ad gat vat," f h m h had jut
itt ctfully, ad ith h m h had b cl ly c ctd
f m t f hi lif. Th fic hich had b gathig f ya
f glct ad hidac ud that lacid ad atit xti b
ut. H ffd himlf a Ccil' ucc i bui f Stat. H
gav hi a f big h ful f ucc. Ccil' bittt my
c uld t hav giv it m bittly.
"My icial d big t d y u Majty vic, I cav lav t
ma at thi tim t y u Majty thi m t humbl blati f
mylf. I may tuly ay ith th alm, /Multum ic la fuit aima
ma/, f my lif hath b c vat i thig hi I ta
littl lau. Y u Majty may hav had mhat that my fath
a a h t ma, ad mhat y u may hav f mylf, th ugh
t t ma ay tu judgmt by, bcau I hav hitht had ly
/ ttatm vb um/, that ith. I a th f my y ug
ya bd ith a ambaad i Fac, ad ic I hav b a
ld tuat i th ch l-h u f y u c ucil-chamb, th ugh
th c d f m, yt l g tha ay that ittth hath b u
th had f m. If y u Majty fid ay at i m, if y u
fid ay cacity i th, hby y u may thi it fit f y u
vic t m v m t bui f Stat, alth ugh I hav a fai
ay bf m f fit (ad by y u Majty' gac ad fav u f
h u ad advacmt), ad i a c u l x d t th blat
f f tu, /yt that h i g , u vivt vitutibu
ctiimum xitium/, I ill b ady a a chma t b hv
y u Majty' yal had hall t m. Y u Majty ill ba m
it, I hav t uddly d mylf thu fa. I hav l d
u th, I th xcti , I th ditacti , ad I
fa Tacitu ill b a ht, /magi alii h mi uam alii
m /. I mi hat, ad I t hth G d that hath
t uchd my hat ith th affcti may t t uch y u yal hat
t dic it. H v, I hall at lat g h tly i mi
diay c u, ad uly th t i ay f y u, maiig,
tc."
Thi i haty utbut. I a lat a th tu ay f
tivig th di d f th Kig' fiac, full f lag ad i
c ul, aft adviig th Kig t t b imatit, ad auig him
that a tat f dbt i t it labl"f it i thig f
th gatt Kig t b i dbt," ad all th gat m f th C ut
had b i dbt ith ut ay "ma f dimiuti f thi
gat"h tu t th chag i dtail agait Salibuy ad th
Gat C tact.
"My c d ay i, that y u Majtyi ct t th haty
fig f y u tat uld t dcd t ay ma, dg f
ma, hich caith t a ymmty ith y u Majty ad
gat. /H i g f m h m th c u did h lly fl ./ T
hav y u at ad citi i aticula a it hagd u
i t tablt bf th y f y u l d ad c mm , t b
tald f f f u m th t gth; T hav all y u c u t hl
y ulf i vu fit ut it itd b , hich
t t b hld /acaa imii/; T hav uch m f aldm t
ld f t i th hudd u g d auac, ad ith uch
taty (?) a if it h uld av th ba f y u f tu; T
c tact till h m ught b had th adit aymt, ad t th
bt bagai; T ti a umb f jct f y u fit, ad th
t blat thm, ad lav y u Majty thig but th cadal f
thm; T td v caiag bt y u Majty' ight ad
a f th l, ad t atify ith. Th c u ad th
th li I h a g ith th dvi f thm; hich hav tud
y u Majty t itimabl judic."
Ad hat h th ught f ayig, but futh c idati tuc ut,
a th f ll ig. It i d that h tuc it ut, but it h
hat h flt t ad Ccil.
"I tt t G d, th ugh I b t utiti u, h I a y u
M.' b agait V tiu ad Amiiu, ad td y u zal t
dliv th majty f G d f m th vai ad idig c mhi
f hy ad dgat hil hy, a y u had by y u f mly
dav ud t dliv ig f m th uuati f R m, /culit
illic aimum/ that G d uld t h tly u y u m viibl
fav u, /ad lt m t liv if I th ught t f th taig aay f
that ma/."
Ad f m thi tim ad h cacly v mti Ccil' am i hi
c dc ith Jam but ith d f c dmati , hich imly
that Ccil' michiv u licy a th ult f ivat d. Yt thi
a th ma t h m h had itt th "N Ya' Tid" ltt ix
m th bf ; a ltt hich i but a ch t th lat f all that h
had b accut md t it t Ccil h aig aitac ffig
c gatulati . Ccil had, idd, littl claim Bac ' gatitud; h
had him fai i ublic, ad d ubt i ct ditutd ad
thatd him. But t th lat Bac did t ch t ac ldg thi.
Had Jam dicl d mthig f hi dad vat, h lft m tag
ct bhid him, hich h d hi uuctd h tility t Bac ?
Exct thi u

xaggati f th
ugh t cla Bac
ay but th mat
iti (but th i thig t u t it),

libty all d t th laguag f c mlimt i
f a iicity hich i alm t ic civabl i
t l f .
"I au mylf," t Bac t th Kig, "y u Majty tath t m

f f a buy atu; f my tat big f f m all
difficulti, ad I havig uch a lag fild f c tmlati , a I
hav atly ad hall much m ma maift ut y u Majty ad th
ld, t ccuy my th ught, thig c uld ma m activ but l v ad
affcti ." S Bac dcibd hi iti ith uti abl
accuacyf hi tat a t "f f m difficulti"i th tim
c mig. H a till t ut f th i cicl f th C ucil; but
f m th m mt f Salibuy' dath h bcam a much m im tat
. H till ud f advacmt, ad till mt ith
dia itmt; th "ma m" till ab v him. Th lucativ lac
f Mat f th Wad a vacatd by Salibuy' dath. Bac a
tald f f it, ad bably xctd it, f h d u ul f
it, ad a ch f th mat; but th ffic ad th ch t
t Si G g Cay. S aft Si G g Cay did. Bac th
alid f it th ugh th fav uit, R cht. "H a
c fidt f th lac that h ut m t f hi m it cl a;" ad
th ld f th day amud itlf at hi dia itmt, h th lac
a giv t a th "ma ma," Si Walt C , f h m th g i
t that if th "lat t Tau c uld l ut f thi gav t
th ucc i that lac, thy uld b ut f c utac
ith thmlv, ad ay t th ld /uatum mutatu/." But Bac '
had ad c ul aa m ad m i im tat mattth
im vmt f th vu; th dfc f xtm ight f th
gativ i th ca agait Whitl c; th gat uti f
callig a aliamt, ad f th tu ad "icly" ay f dalig ith
it. Hi c fidtial advic t th Kig ab ut callig a aliamt a
mad by hi cti f th fact f th ituati ; it a
mad t by hi c fidt liac ilful idict mth d ad
tut i th l f thig; it ba tac al f hi bitt flig
agait Salibuy, h m h chag ith tach uly f mtig th
iti f th lat Paliamt. Th a at f ldly id m
i it; ctaily it a m adatd t Jam' ida f tat-caft
tha th iml la f Si Hy Nvill, that th Kig h uld th
himlf faly th l yalty ad g d-ill f Paliamt. Ad thu h
cam t b ay tm ith Jam, h a uit caabl f
udtadig Bac ' uc ad imbl f it. I th autum f
1613 th Chif-Jutichi f th Kig' Bch bcam vacat. Bac at
c gav th Kig a f dig C f m th C mm Plah
h a a chc th gativt th Kig' Bch, h h c uld d
l ham; hil H bat t t th C mm Pla. Th m ti a
bvi u, but th C mm Pla uitd C btt, ad th lac a m
lucativ. Bac ' advic a f ll d. C , vy luctatly, ig
ll h had giv it, ad hy, " t ly ig himlf but f ll d
by th ta" f all th C ut f C mm Pla, m vd u t th high
t. Th Att y H bat uccdd, ad Bac at lat bcam Att y
(Oct b 27, 1613). I Chamblai' g i hav a idicati , uch
a ccu ly accidtally, f th vi f utid: "Th i a
t g ahi that littl g d i t b xctd by thi chag,
ad that Bac may v a dag u itumt."
-----------------------------------------------------------------------CHAPTER V.
BACON ATTORNEY-GENERAL AND CHANCELLOR.

Thu, at lat, at th ag f fifty-t , Bac had gaid th lac hich
Ex had tid t gt f him at thity-t . Th tim f aitig had
b a ay , ad it i im ibl t t that it had b
hutful t Bac . A t g ad abl ma, vy ag t hav a fild f
hi tgth ad ability, h i t ut f it, a h thi ufaily,
ad i div t a attitud f uliat ddcy i ig hi
claim gat h amu him ith d, ca hadly hl
uffig i th humiliatig c. It d a ma g d t la t
bg, ad t hav a l g taiig i th at. Ad futh, thi l g
dlay t u th ditacti f hi mid bt th bl
hich hi ul a bt, ad th citi f that "civil"
fi al ad litical lif by hich h had t maitai hi tat.
All th tim that h a "cavaig" (it i hi d) f ffic,
ad givig u hi tim ad th ught t th hich it iv lvd, th
gat /Itauati / had t ait hi h u f liu; ad hi
xclamati , ft atd, /Multum ic la fuit aima ma/, ba
it t th l gig that hautd him i hi h u f lgal dudgy,
i th vic f hi t vy thaful ml y. N t but that h
f ud c mati i th itt f ublic uti , i th c may
f th gat, i th xcitmt f tat-caft ad tat ml ymt, i
th m ad j ymt f c ut lif. H f ud t much c mati ; it
a f hi mif tu. But hi hat a alay ud i it
allgiac t ldg; ad if h had b f tuat ugh t hav
i ali t th gat hich h aimd at a a vatag-g ud f
hi tu , if h had had lf-c t l t hav did ith
alth ad iti if h had cad th l g city f big a
itt ad till baffld uit might hav had a a c mltd
h l hat hav ly i gat fagmt, ad h uld hav b
ad th bl t hich ma a ca hich ught t hav b a bl .
Th fit im tat matt that had aft Bac ' a itmt
a th Ex div c ca, ad th maiag f Lady Ex ith th
fav uit h m Ccil' dath had lft at th hight f , ad h
f m L d R cht a mad Eal f S mt. With th div c, th
bgiig f th cadal ad tagdi f Jam' ig, Bac had
thig t d . At th maiag hich f ll d Bac td a hi
ffig a mau, f md by th mmb f Gay' I, f hich h
b th chag, ad hich c t him th m u um f 2000. Whth
it t ay hi bligati t th H ad, i liu f a "f"
t R cht, h lvid t ll all fav u f m th Kig, it ca
hadly b aid, a ha b uggtd, t b a tt agait th gat
abu f th tim, th al f ffic f m y. Th "vy ldid
tifl, th Mau f Fl ," a f m f th may xtavagat
tibut aid but t illigly t high-hadd thl, f hich
th d ad da guilt a t fill all fac ith ham t ya
aftad.
A Att y, Bac had t ta a much m mit at i affai,
lgal, cimial, c tituti al, admiitativ, tha h had yt b
all d t hav. W that it a hi gat bjct t h h much
m activ ad uful a Att y h c uld b tha ith C
H bat; ad a fa a uflaggig gy ad high ability c uld ma a
g d ublic vat, h fully caid ut hi u . I Paliamt,
th "addld Paliamt" f 1614, i hich h at f th Uivity f
Cambidg, h did hi bt t c cil hat fat bc mig
ic cilabl, th claim ad gativ f a ab lut ig,
iitabl, uici u, xactig, digal, ith th acit ight ad
libti, g ig t g i thi dmad by big did, itd,
utittd, f th ula lmt i th Stat. I th tial, hich
a lag ad diagabl a at f th hit y f th
yatial aiig ut f vi lt d v d by th vi lt act
f , f hich, Pacham', bcam fam u, bcau i th c u
f it t tu a td t , tial hich itd t th
c uti f th high city f th day, li th at udig i f
aaigmt ad c dmati f ll ig th dic vi latig t
Ovbuy' mud, hich had had jut bf th S mt
maiagBac had t ma th bt that h c uld f th cul ad
ft uual licy f th C ut; ad Bac mut ta hi ha i th
ibility f it. A ff t Jam' at t t dullig
b ught f m Bac a thi ic f vic, i th ha f a
at ad lab at agumt agait it, full f g d ad g d
flig, but h lly i advac f th tim. O th may uti
hich t uchd th gativ, Jam f ud i hi Att y a ady ad
ilful adv cat f hi claim, h limit t thm but i th
c idati f hat a af ad udt t at. H a a btt
ad m tatmali c ull , i hi ucaig dav u t
c cil Jam t th xdicy f tablihig lid ad g d
lati ith hi Paliamt, ad i hi advic a t th i ad
h ful ay f dalig ith it. Bac had ymathy ith ula
at ad claim; f ulaity, f all that a calld ula, h had
th dt uici ad dili; th ii ad th judgmt f
avag m h did, a a thi, a liticia, ad a c uti; th
"maligity f th l" h th ught gat. "I d t l v," h ay,
"th d / l/." But h had a high ida f hat a thy f a
ig, ad a du t th ublic itt, ad h a th f lly f th
tty act ad haughty d, th u f hich Jam c uld t it.
I hi ffic h c m ugd , ad ugd i vai, hi
fav uit jct f viig, imlifyig, ad c difyig th la. Thi
a a jct hich uld fid littl fav u ith C , ad th c d f
lay h vatd himm h m Bac vid ith migld c tmt
ad ahi b th i th c ut ad i Paliamt h thy
um u, ad h m h m tha c advid th Kig t bidl ad
"i a." Bac td hi chm t th Kig i a P iti , ,
a h uld call it, a R t. It i vy abl ad ittig; mad
ith hi chaactitic c mhiv ad f actical d,
ad ith a c fidc i hi ldg f la hich c tat
cui uly ith th cut ii ab ut it. H a ith th utm t
h u f C ' , but h i t afaid f a c mai ith him. "I
d au y u Majty," h ay, "I am i g d h that h Si
Edad C ' R t ad my Rul ad Dcii hall c m t
tity, th ill b (hatv i th ught) uti h a th
gat lay." But th jct, th ugh it a ttaid ad
dicud i Paliamt, cam t thig. N ally cad ab ut it
xct Bac .
But i th ya (1615 ad 1616) t thig had f th utm t
c uc t him. O a th i, m xtavagat tha aythig
that Eglad had f ctui, ad i th d m fatal, f th
fav uit, h f m lai G g Villi bcam th all- ful
Du f Bucigham. Bac , li th t f th ld, a th city
f b ig bf him; ad Bac uadd himlf that Villi a
-mitly d d ith all th gift ad vitu hich a ma i hi
lac uld d. W hav a i f hi ltt t Villi; thy a
f c u i th c mlimtay vi hich a xctd; but if thi
laguag i ly c mlimt, th i laguag lft f xig
hat a ma ih t b ta f tuth. Th th matt a th
humiliati , by Bac ' ma ad i hi c, f hi ld ival
C . I th diut ab ut juidicti , alay lumbig ad latly
aad ad aggavatd by C , bt th C mm La C ut ad th
Chacy, C had thatd th Chacy ith Pmui. Th Kig'
jal uy t alam, ad th Chif-Jutic a calld bf th
C ucil. Th a dc, bad Bac ' advic ad bably da u
by him, mt ily vuld th lgal d cti maitaid by th
gatt ad m t lf-c fidt judg h m th Eglih c ut had .
Th Chif-Jutic had t acuic i thi adig f th la; ad th,
a if uch a aff t t ugh, C a udd f m hi
ffic, ad, futh, j id t vi ad amd hi ublihd
t, h thy ic itt ith th vi f la hich
Bac ' auth ity th Sta Chamb had ad td (Ju, 1616). Thi h
affctd t d , but th c cti maiftly ly c l uabl; hi
xlaati f hi lgal hi agait th gativ, a th
hi f mulatd by th Chacll ad Bac , ad td t
him f catati , judgd iufficit; ad i a dc, facd
by a da u by Bac , i hich, bid C ' f la,
hi "dcit, c tmt, ad lad f th G vmt," hi "tual
tubult caiag," ad hi affctati f ulaity, tdh
a m vd f m hi ffic (N v., 1616). S , f th t, th ld
ivaly had dd i a tiumh f Bac . Bac , h m C had l g
hadd i th ac, h m h had d at a a uficial td t
la, ad h acc mlihmt ad thuiam f ldg h uttly
did, had t ly dfatd him, but div him f m hi at ith
dih u. Wh mmb hat C a, hat h had th ught f Bac ,
ad h h izd hi uiu utati a a tativ f
Eglih la, th ffct f uch a digac a ma f hi tm
ca t aily b xaggatd.
But f th t Bac had b th ugh th ll hich had l g
t him bac. H a gat dal f th Kig' c fidc, ad th
Kig a m ad m ady t ma u f him, th ugh by ma
ually illig t thi that Bac btt tha himlf. Bac '
vi f th la, ad hi uc f agumt ad xi t ma it
g d, c uld b ddd u i th tuggl t cu ad lag
th gativ hich a bgiig. I th gativ b th Jam
ad Bac a th afty f th Stat ad th ly a abl h f
g d g vmt; but i Bac ' lag ad m lvatd vi f
licy f a licy thy f a gat ig, ad a ig f EgladJam
a t lily t ta much itt. Th mm ial hich it a Bac '
habit t t ublic affai atd h had littl
t la f m th h th ught ad all aud himab ut th
ct f mi. Still thy f f Bac ' ady mid; ad
Jam, v h h diagd ith Bac ' ii ad agumt, a
t clv t t thi diffc f m th f th m. Bac
i fav u; ad f m th fit h a th bt f tm ith
Villi. H fd t Villi th m t ic dv ti . Acc dig
t hi cut m h td him ith a ltt f i advic th
duti ad bhavi u f a fav uit. H at c bga, ad t u ith
him t th d, a c fidtial c dc matt f ublic
im tac. H mad it cla that h ddd u Villi f hi
al ct, ad it had bc m th m t atual thig that
Bac h uld l f ad t uccdig th L d Chacll , Ellm,
h a fat failig. Bac had alady (Fb. 12, 1615/16). i tm
hich m tag t u, but l tag th, t f th i a
ltt t th Kig th a hy h h uld b Chacll ; citiciig
jutly ugh, ly that h a a aty ittd, th ualificati
f th ibl cadidat, C , H bat, ad th Achbih Abb tt.
C uld b "a vulig atu i a vulig lac," ad

" ula m u m ut f y u Majty' addl." H bat
a ic mtt. A t Abb tt, th Chacll ' lac uid "a h l
ma," ad t hav b th juidicti , iitual ad tm al, "a fit
ly f a ig." Th mi that Bac h uld hav th lac cam t
him th day aftad th ugh Villi. H ac ldgd it i a
but f gatitud (Fb. 15, 1615/16). "I ill h lly ly y u
xcllt ad hay lf.... I am y u u t y u tha my lif.
F , a thy a f th Tuu i t i a ig, I ill ba it
tty ic bf y u ba th lat fall." Thy uc ci uly
htic d. But Ellm latd l g tha a xctd. It a
t till a ya aft thi mi that h igd. O th 7th f
Mach, 1616/17, Bac civd th al. H x hi bligati
t Villi, L d Bucigham, i th f ll ig ltt:
"MY DEAREST LORD,It i b th i ca ad id that mall
fl at u t th t gu, ad gat i d it th hat ith
ilc. Thf I c uld a littl t y u L dhi t -day,
ith had I fit tim; but I mut f thu much, that i thi
day' y u a th tut ad fctt mi ad xaml f
fim ad g u fidhi that v a i c ut. Ad I hall
c ut vy day l t, hi I hall t ith tudy y u
ll-d ig i th ught, d y u am h u i ch, f m
y u vic i dd. G d my L d, acc ut ad acct m y u m t
b ud ad dv td fid ad vat f all m livig,
"Mach 7, 1616 (/i../ 1616/1617).
FR. BACON, C.S."
H himlf blivd th a itmt t b a ula . "I I am
c m i," h it t th Kig aft, "ith a t g a vy f
m aticula a ith th l v f th gal." O th 7th f May,
1617, h t hi at i Chacy ith uuual m ad magificc,
ad t f th, i a ig ch, ith all hi digity ad f c, th
duti f hi gat ffic ad hi f thi bligati . But th
a a cui u hitati i tatig him a th m tatd i
li ca. H a ly "L d K." It a t till th f ll ig
Jauay (1617/18) that h civd th ffic f L d Chacll . It a
t till half a ya aftad that h a mad a P. Th h bcam
Ba Vulam (July, 1618), ad i Jauay, 1620/21, Vic ut St. Alba'.
F m thi tim Bac mut b th ught f, fit ad f m t, a a Judg
i th gat at hich h had atly ught. It a th lac t
mly f la, hich ft tid th judg' had aifully, but f tu
jutic, h la faild t giv it. Bac ' ida f th duti f a
judg cla ad t g, a h h d i vai u admiabl ch
ad chag: hi duti a gad hi c duct ad utati ; hi
duti i ig hi ub diat f f m th tait f c uti . H
a t ig at f th ubtl ad uac ldgd ay i hich ulaful
gai may b c vd by cut m, ad a abu g bcau m ill
t ch t l at it. H td hi ffic ith th full u
f d ig it btt tha it had v b d . H a h it
atd f mig, ad t himlf at c t f m. Th accumulati
ad dlay f uit had bc m giv u; at c h th hi h l
gy it th ta f iig ut th aa hich th bad halth f
hi dc ad th taditi al luggih f th c ut had had
u. I xactly th m th f m hi a itmt h a abl t t
that th aa had b clad ff. "Thi day" (Ju 8, 1617), h
it t Bucigham, "I hav mad v ith th bui f th igd m
f c mm jutic. N t cau uhad. Th lay da dy f all
th m ti thy t ma. N t titi uhad. Ad thi I

thi c uld t b aid i u tim bf ."
Th f mac a ldid, ad th i a t thi that th
aidly d a t ll d . W a aud that Bac '
dcii uuti d, ad t c mlaid f. At th am
tim, bf thi allgati i acctd a c cluiv f f th
ublic atifacti , it mut b mmbd that th uti f hi
admiitati f jutic, hich a at lat t aum uch tag
ti , ha v b th ughly iftd a, t abl u t
uc u it, it h uld b. Th atual tdcy f Bac ' mid
uld ud ubtdly b t judg ightly ad jutly; but th gativ
agumt f th ilc at th tim f c mlaiat, i day h it a
dag u t uti auth ity, ad h hav littl vidc
f hat m aid at thi fiid, i t ugh t h that h v
faild.
But th i u thig i that Bac ubjctd himlf t t
f th m t
dag u ifluc hich ca act th mid f a judgth ifluc
f th m t ful ad m t f midabl ma i Eglad, ad th
ifluc f t, i m y ad th gift. F m fit t lat h
all d Bucigham, h m ma, a Bac f ud, c uld dila
xct at hi il, t it ltt t him bhalf f uit
h cau bf him; ad h all d uit , t ft hil
th cau a dig, but mtim v th, t d him dictly,
th ugh hi vat, lag um f m y. B th th thig a
xlaid. It uld hav b chaactitic f Bac t b c fidt
that h c uld dfy tmtati : th habit th fahi f th
tim, ad vyb dy t thm f gatd; Bucigham v ad hi
g d ffic by d hat Bac th ught jut ad ight, ad ad thm
ath f th a f xditi tha t ifluc hi judgmt. Ad a
t th m y tvy ffic a udaid; thi a th c mm
ay f ac ldgig ai ad t ubl: it a aal g u t a d ct '
a lay' f . Ad th i f that ith ifluc v
ld Bac t d g. Thi ha b aid, ad aid ith m dg f
f c. But if it h that Bac a t i thi matt bl hi ag,
it h that h a t ab v it. N btt tha Bac that
th m ctai dag t h ty ad jutic tha th
itfc ad licitati f th gat, ad th ld fam u t f
bib, f hich all hit i ad la full. Ad yt th
hight at f jutic i th alm h, th gat f m f it
abu, all d thm t ma thi cut may haut. H did t ma t
d g: hi c cic a cla; h had t giv th ught t th
michif thy mut d , lat, t all c cd ith th C ut
f Chacy. With a magifict cal h c uld aff d t u
afly a c u cl ly b dig cim, i hich ma m uld
i ad b uid.
Bf ix m th v Bac f ud hat tm h mut tad ith
Bucigham. By a tag fatality, uit uitti ally, h bcam
daggd it th thic f th cadal u ad g tu dii f
th C family. Th C ut a aay f m L d i th N th; ad C
had b tyig, t ith ut h f ucc, t c v th Kig'
fav u. C a a ich ma, ad Lady C mt , th m th f th
Villi, th ught that C ' daught uld b a g d match f f
h y ug . It a ally a gat chac f C ; but h haggld
ab ut th ti ; ad th tuity, hich might ha hav ld t
hi taig Bac ' lac, ad. But h f ud himlf i t ubl i
th ay; hi fid, cially Sctay Wi d, c tivd t
big th matt agai, ad h c td t th Villi' tm. But
hi if, th y ug lady' m th, Lady Hatt , uld t ha f it,
ad a fui u ual f ll d. Sh caid ff h daught it th
c uty. C , ith a aat f m Sctay Wi d, hich Bac had
fud t giv him, uud h: "ith hi , 'Fightig Clm,' ad
t lv vat, a d, i a vi lt ma h aid t th
h u h h a maiig, ad ith a ic f timb f m b
th d ad daggd h al g t hi c ach." Lady Hatt uhd
ff th am aft f hl t Bac .
Aft a vtu by th ay, "at lat t my L d K' thy
c m, but c uld t hav itat acc t him, f that hi l
t ld thm h a laid at t, big t ll. Th my La. Hatt
did h might b i th xt m h my L d lay, that h
might b th fit that [h uld] a ith him aft h a
tiig. Th d - fulfilld h di, ad i th matim
gav h a chai t t hlf i, ad th lft h al ; but
t l g aft, h u ad b ucd agait my L d K'
d , ad ad him ad affightd him, that h calld hi m t
him; ad thy ig th d , h thut i ith thm, ad did
hi L. t ad h b ld, but h a li a c that had l t
h calf, ad jutifid [hlf] ad acifid my L d' ag,
ad g t hi aat ad my L . Tau' aat ad th f th
C ucil t ftch h daught f m th fath ad big thm b th t
th C ucil."
It a a chac that th lat Chif-Jutic ad hi if, ith thi
amd ati, did t mt th ad, i hich ca "th li
t b tag tagdi." At lgth th C ucil c mlld b th id t
th ac, ad th y ug lady a ta f th t ut f th
had f h agig at. Bac had aumd that th affai a th
ult f a itigu bt Wi d ad C , ad that th C ut uld
ta at agait C , a ma d i digac ad
utag uly
vi lt. Su ig that h had th a f Bucigham, h t
atly, uadig him t ut a d t th bui; ad i th
matim th C ucil dd C t b b ught bf th Sta Chamb
"f i t ad f c," t "b had ad tcd a jutic hall
atai." Thy had t th lightt d ubt that thy d ig hat
uld la th Kig. A f day aft thy mt, ad th thy lad
th tuth.
"C ad hi fid," it Chamblai, "c mlai f had
mau f m m f th gatt at that b ad, ad that h a t
much tamld u ith ill laguag. Ad u fid [/i../
Wi d] ad ut c t f f th aat, hich th gatt
[/ d illgibl/] th aid a ubjct t a /mui/; ad
ithal t ld th Lady C mt that thy ihd ll t h ad h
, ad uld b ady t v th Eal f Bucigham ith all
tu affcti , ha th did it ut f facti ad
ambiti hich d glacig dictly at u g d fid (Wi d),
h a div t ma hi a l gy, ad t h h it a ut u
him f m tim t tim by th Qu ad th ati; ad, f
c clui , h d a ltt f a bati f all hi c u f m
th Kig, maig th h l tabl judg hat facti ad ambiti
aad i thi caiag. /Ad u d fuit um./"
N idd, but bla fac, ad th ught f hat might c m xt. Th
C ucil, ad Bac f m t, had mad a dat mita. "It i
vidt," a M. Sddig ay, "that h had t divid Bucigham'
flig th ubjct." H a t la thm. T hi utt
amazmt ad alam h f ud that th Kig a t g f th match, ad
that th cdig f th C ucil a c dmd at C ut a g

mic duct. I vai h ttd that h a uit illig t f ad
th match; that i fact h had hld it. Bac ' xlaati , ad hi
aig agait C th Kig "jctd ith m didai;" h
jutifid C ' acti ; h chagd Bac ith dict ad
igatitud t Bucigham; h ut aid hi agumt ad a l gi a
thl iic. Such imad had t ft b addd,
v t ifi vat. Bac ' ltt t Bucigham maid at
fit ith ut tic; h Bucigham ad h did ith c ful
ad macig cut. Mahil Bac had f m Ylvt h thig
g ig at C ut.
"Si E. C ," h t, "hath t f b by ay gi t hav
at b th y u H u ad mylf, ad h th ightit
itumt, th Eal f Bucigham, h , a I , t him a cl
t him a hi hit, th Eal aig i Si Edad' ha, ad
a it macig i hi iit."
Bucigham, h t t ay, "did bly ad laily tll m h uld
t ctly bit, but h v had had ay itt, tatd f th
iti t hi b th' maiag, h uld a ly thm t
thi fac, ad thy h uld dic hat fav u h had by th h
uld u." Th C ut, li a ac f d g, had t u Bac . "It i
t c mm i vy ma' m uth i C ut that y u gat hall b
abatd, ad a y u t gu hath b a a az ut m, hall
thi b t y u." Bucigham aid t vy that Bac had b
f gtful f hi id ad ufaithful t him: " t f baig i
ch t tax y u, a if it a ivtat cut m ith y u, t b
ufaithful ut him, a y u t th Eal f Ex ad S mt."
All thi hil Bac had b claly i th ight. H had thut
himlf it bui that did t c c him. H had t, a
Bucigham accu him f havig d , " vt ubld" himlf ith th
maiag. H had d hi iml duty a a fid, a a c ucill , a a
judg. H had b h tly zal u f th Villi' h u, ad
ad Bucigham f thig that by d uti . H had cubd
C ' cadal u vi lc, ha ith gat gt, but ith
maift a . But f thi h a th vy dg f l ig hi
ffic; it a cla t him, a it i cla t u, that thig c uld
av him but ab lut ubmii . H acctd th c diti . H thi
ubmii a mad ad civd, ad ith hat gatitud h f ud that
h a f giv, may b i th t f ll ig ltt. Bucigham
thu xtd hi gac t th L d K, ad xh t him t btt
bhavi u:
"But hi Majty' dicti i a f y u ltt hath giv m
ccai t j i hut a dic vy ut y u f mi iad
th ught, cdig u th dic u y u had ith m thi day.
F I d fly c f that y u ff f ubmii ut m, ad
i itig (if I uld hav it), battd th uid that
I had c civd i my hat f y u bhavi u t ad m i my
abc, a ut f th a f my ld affcti t ad y u I t
t ud hi Majty' itti h h ma t bhav himlf
t ad y u, cially i ay ublic mtig; h I f ud th
at hi Majty littl atifid ith y u lat a ut
him, hich h c utd (f I tt I u hi tm) /c fud
ad childih/, ad hi vig u luti th th at
fixd, that h uld ut m ublic xmlay ma u y u, a I
tt th ight f hi d-c civd idigati uchd my
ai , maig m u th itat chag f m th f a
aty it a ac-ma; a I a f cd u my t bg f

hi Majty that h uld ut ublic act f digac u y u,
ad, a I da ay,
th uld hav b atitly had
i thi uit by hi Majty but mylf, did I (th ugh t ith ut
difficulty) btai thu muchthat h uld t fa diabl y u
f m th mit f y u futu vic a t ut ay aticula ma
f digac u y u . Oly thu fa hi Majty ttth,
that u th c cic f hi ffic h ca t mit (th ugh layig
aid all ai ) t giv a igly imad at hi fit ittig
i c ucil t may f hi c ucill a th h bhid,
ad act i thi bui, f thi ill bhavi u i it.
S m f th aticula c mmittd i thi bui h ill
am, but ith ut accuig ay aticula by am.
"Thu y u L dhi th th fuit f my atual icliati ; ad
I tt all thi tim at it a mall gif ut m t ha
th m uth f may u thi ccai t l ad y u ith
iumabl malici u ad dtactig ch, a if muic
m laig t my a tha t ail f y u, hich mad m ath
gt th ill atu f maid, that li d g l v t t u
him that thy c atchd at. Ad t c clud, my L d, y u
hav hby a fai ccai t ma g d haft y u
utati by y u ic vic t hi Majty, a al by y u
fim ad c tat id t y u fid, a I may (y u
L dhi' ld fid) aticiat f th c mf t ad h u that
ill thby c m t y u. Thu I t at lat
"Y u L dhi' faithful fid ad vat,
"G.B."
"MY EVER BEST LORD, btt tha y ulf,Y u L dhi' ,
ath cil, hath utayd t ad m uch magaimity ad
bl ad tu id, a mthith I th imag f m
acit vitu, ad t aythig f th tim. It i th li f
my lif, ad t th li f my ltt, that mut x my
thaful; hi if I fail, th G d fail m, ad ma m a
miabl a I thi mylf at thi tim hay by thi viv,
th ugh hi Majty' igula clmcy, ad y u ic maabl l v
ad fav u. G d v y u, y u, ad ad y u f y u
id t
"Y u aid ad ifiitly
"St. 22, 1617.
FR. BACON, C.S."
bligd fid ad vat,
Thu h had tid hi tgth ith Bucigham. H had f ud that thi,
"a littl at-li" ma f adviig him, ad th d cti that a
tu fid " ught ath t g agait hi mid tha hi g d," a t
hat Bucigham xctd f m him. Ad h v vtud it agai. It
i t t much t ay that a ma h c uld it a h did t
Bucigham, c uld t tut himlf i ay matt i hich Bucigham,
a ittd.
But th c ciliati a c mlt, ad Bac t hi lac m ad
m a f th chif i th G vmt. Jam claimd
much t hav hi ay, ad had littl cul i uttig aid, i
hi ui id m, mtim vy cutly, Bac ' ay th
' c mmdati , that th ugh hi vic gat, ad
t uc gid, h v had th ad ifluc i affai t
hich hi b udl dv ti t th C , hi ga f bui, ad
hi illig iduty, ught t hav titld him. H a till a

vat, ad mad t fl it, th ugh a vat i th "fit f m." It
a Jam ad Bucigham h dtmid th licy f th c uty,
ttld th c u t b ta i aticula taacti ; h thi a
ttld, it a Bac ' bui t cay it th ugh uccfully. I
thi h a li all th th vat f th C , ad li thm h
a atifid ith givig hi advic, hth it ta t; but
uli may f thm h a zal u i xcutig ith th utm t vig u
ad ill th itucti hich giv him. Thu h a uid t
fid th lgal ma f uihig Raligh; ad, a a matt f duty, h
f ud thm. H a uid t tll th G vmt id f th t y f
Raligh' cim ad uihmthich ally a id f th t y,
ly t by ay ma th h l; ad h t ld it, a h had t ld th
G vmt t y agait Ex, ith f c, m dati , ad g d .
Himlf, h v uld hav mad Jam' miabl blud ab ut
Raligh; but th blud big mad, it a hi bui t d hi bt
t hl th Kig ut f thm. Wh Suff l, th L d Tau, a
digacd ad b ught bf th Sta Chamb f c uti ad
mbzzlmt i hi ffic, Bac th ught that h a d ig m tha
hi duty i ig Bucigham if md day by day h th tial a
g ig ; h h had ta ca that Suff l' ubmii h uld t
t it"f all uld b but a lay th tag if jutic t t
i th ight c u;" h h had ta ca that th vidc t
ll"I ill t ay I mtim h l it, a fa a a fit f a judg;"
h , "a littl t am th bui" ... "I a a d, that h that
did da mil tau f m Ilad, did t, /mulg/, mil m y,
but bl d." Thi, ad th "littl thig" li it, hil h a
ittig a a judg t ty, if th d may b ud, a al my f
Bucigham, h v bad th ca might b agait Suff l, ud tag
idd t u; ad t l h, i tig th tc ad th
vai u ii f th C ucil ab ut it, h, f c, ai C f
th xtavagac f hi vity: "Si Edad C did hi atI hav
t had him d bttad bga ith a fi f 100,000; but th
judg fit, ad m t f th t, ducd it t 30,000. I d t
dili that thig ad m datly; ad all thig c idd, it i
t ami, ad might aily hav b ."
I all thi, hich uld hav b fctly atual f m a
Att y-Gal f th tim, Bac a but hi duty, v a a judg
bt th C ad th ubjct. It a hat a xctd f th
h m th Kig ch t ml y, ad h m Bucigham ch t fav u. But
a ad m cul ca, illutatig th ytm hich a ma li
Bac c uld thi a abl ad h uabl, a th digac ad
uihmt f Ylvt , th Att y-Gal, th ma h had t d by
Bac , ad i hi dfc had facd Bucigham, ig ll
Bucigham' dili f himlf, h all th C ut tud agait Bac
i hi ual ith C ad Lady C mt . T ad th d f th ya
1620, th v f a babl mtig f Paliamt, th a gat
uti ig ab ut hat a t b d ab ut ctai att ad
m lim li f maig g ld ad il thad, ad f licig
i ad al-h uhich i th had f Bucigham' b th ad
thi agt. Th m li vy u ula; th a alay d ubt
a t thi lgality; thy f cd ivly ad vxati uly by
m li Michll ad M m , h actd f th Villi; ad th
fit f thm t, f th m t at, t it th Exchu, but
it th ct f th hag- f Bucigham. Bac dfdd thm
b th i la ad licy, ad hi dfc i th ught by M. Gadi t b
t ith ut g ud; but h a th dag f btiacy i maitaiig
hat had bc m hatful i th c uty, ad t gly c mmdd that
th m idfibl ad u ula att h uld b ta uly
giv u, th m a thy f " gat fuit." But Bucigham'
i lt vity "fud t b c vicd." Th C ucil, h th
uti a bf thm, dcidd t maitai thm. Bac , h had
ightly v td i th mi ity, thu xlai hi v t t Bucigham:
"Th Kig did ily ut it u ad c ult, hth th att
at thi tim t b m vd by Act f C ucil bf Paliamt. /I
id (but yt mhat li Ovid' mit, that t v, but yt a
that uld b vc m), that y!/" But i th vai u diut
hich had ai ab ut thm, Ylvt had h that h vy much
dilid th bui f dfdig m li, ad dig L d
citiz t jail f ifigig thm. H did it, but h did it
gudgigly. It a a gat ffc i a ma h m Bucigham had alay
dilid; ad it i im ibl t d ubt that hat f ll d a th
c uc f hi dilau.
"I daig u a chat f th city f L d ," it M.
Gadi, "Ylvt itd clau f hich h a uabl t
duc a aat. Th t that c uld b aid a that h had,
th ugh iadvtc, miudt d th vbal dicti f th
Kig. Alth ugh imutati f c uti a b ught agait him,
yt h a udd f m hi ffic, ad cutd i th Sta
Chamb. H a th tcd t dimial f m hi t, t a fi
f 4000, ad t imi mt duig th R yal lau."
I th maagmt f thi bui Bac had th chif at. Ylvt ,
hi ui , at c ubmittd. Th b xi u clau a t aid
t hav b f i u im tac, but thy clau hich th
Kig had t acti d, ad it uld b a bad cdt t a v
uch uauth id additi v by a Att y-Gal. "I mit may
thig," aid Ylvt aftad, i d hich c m bac it u
mid at a lat i d, "I a im vidt i m thig, ad t
cdul u i all thig." It might hav md that dimial, if t a
v imad, a uihmt ugh. But th ubmii a t
ugh, i Bac ' ii , "f th Kig' h u." H dlt th
gat f th ffc, ad th city f maig a v xaml.
Acc dig t hi advic, Ylvt a cutd i th Sta Chamb.
It a t mly a mita f judgmt. "Hi," aid Bac , "I t
th id m f th la f Eglad, hich tmth th hight c tmt ad
xc f auth ity /Miii /; hich (if y u ta th ud ad
divati f th d) i but /mita/; but if y u ta th u ad
accti f th d, it i high ad hi u c tmt ad uuati f
auth ity; h f th a I ta t b ad th am xclltly
im d, f that mai mitaig, it i v j id ith c tmt; f
h that v ill t aily mita; but h that light, ad thi
m f th gat f hi lac tha f th duty f hi lac, ill
c mmit miii ." Th day uld c m h thi d cti uld b
d ith ui u ffct agait Bac himlf. But h x udd
ith admiabl cla th g f cal ab ut aat
ad f taig thig f gatd. H acuittd hi f m c llagu f
"c uti f ad;" but "i tuth that ma th ffc ath
div tha l;" f m ffc "a blac, ad th calt,
m did, m umtu u." H ucd hi tcth fi,
th imi mt; "f hi lac, I dcla him ufit f it." "Ad th
xt day," ay M. Sddig, "h td t Bucigham th ult f
th cdig," ad ta mall cdit f hi at i it.
It a thu that th C ut ud Bac , ad that Bac ubmittd t b
ud. H c uld hav d , if h had b litd t , much bl
vic. H had f m th fit , ad ugd a fa a h c uld, th
aam ut city f tchmt i th Kig' fligat
xditu. Ev Bucigham had c m t fl th city f it at

lat; ad that Bac filld a at at th C ucil, ad that th
cuti f Suff l ad a iuiy it th abu f th Navy had
f cd th i th ugcy f c my, th a a chac f
mthig big d t big d it th c fui f th fiac.
Rtchmt bga at th Kig' itch ad th tabl f hi vat;
a ff t a mad, t uuccfully, t xtd it id, ud th
dicti f Li l Cafild, a lf-mad ma f bui f m th
city; but ith uch a C ut th ta a a im ibl . It a t
Bac ' fault, th ugh h adly mimaagd hi ivat affai, that
th Kig' xditu a t maagd bly ad ily. N a it
Bac ' fault, a fa a advic t, that Jam a alay tyig
ith t vad t utit a Paliamt hich h c uld t, li th
Tud , va. Bac ' uif m c ul had bL a Paliamt
a a ctai city, but t ly a a city, a al a uiu
ad m t ci u ma f uitig th C ith th ati , ad
vig t th ld utid h Eglihm l v ad h u thi Kig,
ad thi Kig tut hi ubjct. Dal ith it faly ad bly a
bc m a ig, t uici uly li a huct i a bagai. D t b
afaid f Paliamt. B ilful i callig it, but d 't attmt t
"ac" it. U all du ad it ad ldg f huma atu, ad
cay fim ad majty, i maagig it; uuly ad
michiv u l i thi lac, but d t b t axi u t
mddl"lt atu ;" ad ab v all, th ugh f c u y u at m y
f m it, d t lt that aa a th chif al cau f callig
it. Ta th lad i lgilati . B ady ith m ittig
im ig it f f m, licy, ab ut hich y u a y u
Paliamt t ta c ul ith y u. Ta ca t "fam ad hav ady
m c mm alth bill, that may add ct t th Kig' g vmt
ad ac ldgmt f hi ca; t / ig/ bill t ma th Kig ad
hi gac cha, but g d matt t t th Paliamt , that a
mty t mach d t fd hum u." S f m th fit had Bac alay
th ught; h th ught h h atchd, a a ctat , Jam' blud
ith hi fit Paliamt f 1604; had h atly c ulld Jam,
h admittd t hi c fidc, a t th Paliamt f 1614 ad 1615;
agai, but i vai, a Chacll , h advid him t mt th
Paliamt f 1620. It a i, ad f m hi it f vi h t
advic, th ugh th u all th ugh it t much liac
aaac hich t all that thy md; th a t much
th ught f th ig dut i th y f t ubl m ad ic vit
l. But hatv m tiv th might hav b bhid, it uld hav
b ll if Jam had lad f m Bac h t dal ith Eglihm.
But h c uld t. "I d," aid Jam day t G d ma, "that my
act h uld v hav mittd uch a itituti a th H u f
C mm t hav c m it xitc. I am a tag, ad f ud it h
h I aivd, that I am bligd t ut u ith hat I ca t gt
id f." Jam a th ly f u may f ig ig h , t th
lat, tuggld t av id ubmittig himlf t th c diti f a
Eglih th .
-----------------------------------------------------------------------CHAPTER VI.
BACON'S FALL.
Wh Paliamt mt Jauay 30, 1620/21, ad Bac , a L d
Chacll , t f th i hi cm ial ch t th Kig ad t th
Sa th gl i ad blig f Jam' ig, ma i Eglad
had m a t thi himlf f tuat. H had achd th ag f
ixty, ad had gaid th bjct f hi ambiti . M tha that, h a
c ci u that i hi gat ffic h a fidig full lay f hi
ad hi high ublic u . H had gatly th
c fidc f th Kig. H had jut civd a fh ma f h u f m
him: a f day bf h had b aid a t i th ag, ad h
a Vic ut St. Alba'. With Bucigham h md t b tm
f th m t affcti at familiaity, xchagig ii fly ith
him vy ubjct. Ad Paliamt mt i g d-hum u. Thy v td
m y at c. O f th matt hich ittd Bac m tth
vii f th Statut B thy t u a f thi fit
mau, ad a itd a Slct C mmitt t t u it. Ad hat,
amid th aat flicity f th tim, a f v gat al
hai t Bac , th fit t f th "Gat Itauati " had b
ta. Duig th vi u autum, Oct. 12, 1620, th /N vum Ogaum/,
th fit italmt f hi vat dig, a ublihd, th ult f
th f thity ya; ad c i ditibutd t gat l,
am g th t C . H ahdd vil; h had thig t fa,
ad much t h f m th tim.
Hi udd ad uxctd fall, at ihig ad iaably
c mlt, i f th tagt vt f that till imfctly
c mhdd tim. Th had b, ad till t b, lty f
itac f th d fall f , a ui u ad v m tagic,
th ugh cacly ay m athtic i it ui ad it ham. But
it i had t fid f hich littl aig a giv, ad th
cau f hich a at c i at cla, ad i at bcu ad
uitlligibl. Such diat had t b c d u a ibl
chac by ay h vtud it ublic lif. M taig advi that
th dicili f ai h uld b at f vy b y' ducati , f th
a that vy i hi day might b calld u t udg th
t tu. Ad vy ublic ma, i th Eglad f th Tud ad
Stuat, td hi ca ith th fctly familia xctati
f ibly cl ig itit might b i a h uabl ad cm i u
fahi , i th T ad th caff ldjut a h had t l f ad
t th ibility f cl ig it by mall- x th lagu. S that
h diat cam, th ugh it might b uxctd, a dath i
uxctd, it a a tu f thig hich ught t t ta a ma by
ui. But m m it y ig uually gav aig. Th a
thig t a Bac that th hich h blivd h a d ig
ll uld b itutd.
W l i vai f ay thatig f th t m. What th m f hi
tim th ught ad flt ab ut Bac it i t ay t actai.
Aaac a fait ad c tadict y; h himlf, th ugh c ful f
judg h ught t b " ula," blivd that h "cam i ith th
fav u f th gal;" that h "had a littl ula utati , hich
f ll th m hth I ill ." N f ya had dichagd th
duti f hi ffic ith gat fficicy. Scacly a tac mai
f ay uici , vi u t th attac u him, f th jutic f hi
dcii ; itac a allgd that, i fact, imu m tiv had
c t lld th tgth ad lucidity f a itllct hich l vd t b
tu ad ight f th m lau f big . N a th aythig
i Bac ' litical iti t ma him cially b xi u ab v all
th f th Kig' C ucil. H maitaid th hight d cti f
gativ; but thy cut d cti, b th at th C ucil b ad
ad th bch; ad thy t dicditd xtiguihd by hi
fall. T b g d tm ith Jam ad Bucigham mat a dg f
ubvic hich h c u ; but it did t h c l th, ad

h did t diff f m hi fll i gadig it a at f hi duty
a a ublic vat f th C . N d ubt h had mi m ith ld
gudg li S uthamt , h had b c dmd ith Ex; m li
Suff l, matig ud ct imad ad th bitig dg f Bac '
t gu; m li C , hatig him f m c tituti al atiathi ad
th t g atag im f fi al d cti, f a l g c u f
ivaly ad f m tifyig dfat. But th i aaac f
c ctd ff t am g thm t big ab ut hi vth . H did t
at th tim m t b idtifid ith aythig dag u di u.
Th a d ubt a g d dal f diatifacti ith Chacyam g
th c mm lay, bcau it itfd ith thi bui; i th
ublic, atly f m th taditi f it l , atly f m it
xiv, atly bcau, big itdd f cial d f
lgal hadhi, it a u t dia it aty t a uit. But Bac
th ught that h had f md Chacy. H had al d a gat dal t
big m id f d, at lat h ful f d, it th
Kig' dat fiac. Ad h had v t himlf agait
Paliamt. O th c tay, h had alay b f ad t dcla that
th Kig c uld t d ith ut Paliamt, ad that Paliamt ly
dd t b dalt ith g uly, ad a "bcam a Kig," t b t a
dag ad hidac t th C but it m t ic ad tut thy
u t.
What a th t td dag t Bac h th Paliamt f 1620/21
mt? Th H u f C mm at it mtig a th ughly l yal ad
ctful; it mat t b /bdictum t acificum aliamtum/. Evy
that th uld b "givac" hich uld t b lc m t
th C ut, but thy did t m lily t t uch him. Evy
that th uld b uti aid ab ut u ula att ad
iv m li, ad ab ut thi lgality; ad it a tty ll
agd u at C ut that thy h uld b giv u a a c mlaid
f. But Bac a t imlicatd m tha th C lay bf him,
i hat all th C lay had alay dfdd. Th a
diatifacti ab ut th Kig' xtavagac ad atful, ab ut
hi idcii i th cau f th Elct Palati, ab ut hi u d
itigu ith Paitical ad tyaical Sai; but Bac had thig t
d ith all thi xct, a fa a h c uld, t giv i c ul ad
aig. Th h mad th Kig did ad hatd a th
ldid ad i lt fav uit, Bucigham. It might hav b th ught
that th thig t b t agait much that a g i th Stat
a th jut ad lightd ad dy admiitati f uity i th
Chacy.
Wh Paliamt mt, th ugh thig md t that michif, it mt
ith a tudy u f bigig t acc ut ctai dliut h
a gac ad vxati f th ubjct had v d th c uty, ad
h u d t hlt thmlv ud th c utac f
Bucigham. Michll ad M m acal h midma might
ll ty th atic f a l iitd b dy tha a Eglih H u f
C mm . Bucigham c uld t tct thm, ad hadly tid t d .
But jut a lctic cut "iduc" a th by ighb uh d,
all thi d idigati agait Bucigham' catu catd a
fic tm f uici ab ut c uti all th ugh th ublic
vic. T C mmitt aly a itd by th H u f C mm :
a C mmitt Givac, uch a th m li; th th, a
C mmitt t iui it abu i th C ut f Jutic ad civ
titi ab ut thm. I th c u f th cdig, th uti
a i th H u a t th auth iti "f" h had ctifid
t th lgality f th C att gat hich had b g ly
abud; ad am g th "f" th L d Chacll ad

high ffic, b th lgal ad litical.
th
It a th littl cl ud. But l - li Chamblai did t thi
much f it. "Th f," h t Fb. 29th, "h ctifid th
lgality f th att a glacd at, but thy a chifly ab v th
ach f th H u; thy attmt much that thy ill acc mlih
littl." C , h a th chif lad i Paliamt, bga t tal
mi uly f cdt, ad t lay d ul ab ut th f th
H u t uihul hich aftad f ud t hav auth ity
f thm. Cafild, th tativ f v c my, iitd that
th h u f th Kig uid that th f, h v thy ,
h uld b calld t acc ut. Th gathig cl ud hiftd a littl, h
th f th H u md t icli t givig u all t ctiv
acti , ad t a limitati f th futu by tatut f th
uti abl gativa limitati hich a i fact attmtd by a
bill th ut by th L d. But thy gathd agai h th C mm
dtmid t big th h l matt bf th H u f L d. Th Kig
t t a Bac f hat a c mig. Th d c fc a
tavd ff by maagmt f a day t , but it c uld t b avtd,
ad th L d h d thi ag f it. Ad t thig by thi
timth bgiig f Machmd t hav bc m cla, fit, that
ud th gal attac th f a itdd a bl agait
Bac ; xt, that th h m h had m t a t fa a Si
Edad C .
Th t m a g ig; but Bac a till ualamd, th ugh Bucigham
had b fightd it th ig th blam th f.
"I d ha," h it t Bucigham (datig hi ltt Mach
7th, "th day I civd th al"), "f m div f judgmt, that
t -m ' c fc i li t a i a calm, a t th
f. Si Li l Cafild, h hath b f mly th tumt,
aid ytday that h did icli ut Si J h Walt'
ii ad m ti t t hav th f mddld ith, thi
tha t dic ut it f m th Kig; ad t t l bac, but t
th futu. Ad I d ha alm t all m f judgmt i th H u
ih that ay. I
b dy; I d but lit, ad I hav d ubt
ly f Si Edad C , h I ih had m ud /cavat/ giv
him f m th Kig; f y u L dhi hath gat ith him.
But a d f m th Kig mat him."
But C ' tuity had c m. Th H u f C mm a di d f
gtl mau. But h a abl t ma it lit t hi hah
c ul, ad f m thi tim hi had aa i all that a d . Th
fit c fc a a tam ad dull . Th m had b lac
i thi diagabl ad ha dag u duty. But C ad hi
fid t thm haly t ta. "Th hat ad t gu f Si Edad
C a tu lati ," aid f hi fvt u t; "but hi
ai hath t ad that havt f ai that h hath dvd. F
th f, thy a a tacdt dliut a ay th, ad
u thi ul mad a ilful l mt f m thi b di h thy
mad th ctificat." A c d c fc a hld ith th L d,
ad thi tim th chag a div h m. Th f amd, th
Chacll at th had f thm. Wh Bac t xlai ad jutify
hi act h a haly t d, ad midd that h a tagig
th d f th H u i aig till th C mmitt amd t
xami th matt. What a v m im tat, th Kig had c m t
th H u f L d (Mach 10th), ad fightd, ha, ab ut hi
ubidi, t ld thm "that h a t guilty f th givac hich
a dic vd, but that h g udd hi judgmt u th h

hav mild him." Th f uld b attacd, l th ught, if th
L H u had c uag.
All thi a i u. A thig diftig, it md a if Bac
might hav t fight th lgal uti f th gativ i th f m f
a cimial chag, ad b calld u t a th accuati f big
th miit f a c hich lgal laguag ucd ab lut, ad f
a Kig h ittd lgal laguag t th ltt; ad futh, t
mt hi accu aft th Kig himlf had diav d hat hi vat
had d . What ad bt Bac ad th Kig i c fud ad
uctai; but aft hi ch th Kig c uld cacly hav th ught f
itfig ith th iuiy. Th cdig t ; C mmitt
amd f th val it f iuiy; ad Bac t at i th
aagmt. It a a dag u iti t hav t dfd himlf
agait a agy H u f C mm , ld ad aimatd by C ad
Cafild. But th ugh th t m had aidly thicd, th chag
agait th f t agait him al . Hi mita i la, if
it a a mita, a had by m f th fit lay ad fit
c ucill i Eglad. Th a a battl bf him, but t a
h l . "/M dic fidi, ua dubitati/" h it ab ut thi
tim t a axi u fid.
But i tuth th thicig t m had b gathig v hi had
al . It a agait him that th h l attac a dictd; a a
it t a difft ha, th c mlait agait th th f,
uch a th Chif-Jutic, h a L d Tau, th ugh m
attmt a mad t thm, uitly d d. What a th
ct hit y f th d t . But th ult f Bac '
ui a that Bucigham a avd. "A thy a f th Tuu i
t i a ig," Bac had aid t Bucigham h h a mad
Chacll , "I ill ba it tty ic bf y u hav th lat
fall." With ut ig hat h ldgd himlf t , h a ta at hi d.
At lgth th lightig fll. Duig th aly at f Mach, hil
th dag u uti m td ab ut th f, a C mmitt,
a itd aly i th i , had al b ittig abu i
c ut f jutic, ad a at f thi bui, a iuiy had b
g ig it th ay f th ub diat ffic f th C ut f
Chacy. Bac had aly (Fb. 17th) t a mag t th C mmitt
c utig full iuiy, "illigly c tig that ay ma might a
aythig f hi C ut." O th 12th f Mach th chaima, Si R.
Phili, td that h had i hi had "div titi , may
fiv l u ad clam u, may f ight ad c uc." Cafild, h
idd v th C ut f Wad, had ualld ficly ith th
Chacy, h h aid th a "ith La, Euity, C cic,"
ad d th iuiy, atly, it may b, t c hi C ut,
hich a f ud fault ith by th lay. S m cadal u abu
b ught t light i th Chacy. Thy h d that "Bac a at fault
i th at f g vmt," ad did t h t hi vat i
d. O f thm, J h Chuchill, a ifam u f g f Chacy
d, fidig thig g ig had ith him, ad " lvd," it i aid,
" t t i al ," ffd hi c fi f all that a g ig
g i th C ut. But th 15th f Mach thig t a th tu.
It a l g a matt f d ubtful c tituti al la; l g a
uti f lac dicili v hi ffic. T th at ihmt, if
t f th m f hi day, at lat t th uxhautd at ihmt
f tim f ll ig, a chag a uddly td f m th C mmitt t
th C mm agait th L d Chacll , t f taiig th
gativ, f c ivig at hi vat' mid ig, but f big
himlf a c ut ad val judg. T uit chagd him ith

civig bib. Bac a bgiig t fl id ad axi u, ad
h t thu t Bucigham. At lgth h had bgu t th maig
f all th iuii, ad t hat thy divig.
"MY VERY GOOD LORD,Y u L dhi a f Pugat y. I am i
it, but my mid i i a calm, f my f tu i t my flicity. I
I hav cla had ad a cla hat, ad I h a cla h u
f fid vat. But J b himlf, h v a th
jutt judg, by uch hutig f matt agait him a hath b
ud agait m, may f a tim m f ul, cially i a tim h
gat i th ma ad accuati i th gam. Ad if thi b t
b a Chacll . I thi if th gat al lay u H ul Hath
b dy uld ta it u. But th Kig ad y u L dhi ill, I
h , ut a d t th mii ay th. Ad i t th
that hich I fa m t i lt c tiual attdac ad bui,
t gth ith th ca, ad at f tim t d my a b dy ight
thi ig by dit ad hyic, ill cat m d ; ad th it ill
b th ught figig faitig. But I h i G d I hall h ld ut.
G d y u."
Th fit chag attactd th, hich mad f mal matt f
c mlait by th H u f C mm . J h Chuchill, t av himlf, a
buy ttig d ca f mid ig; ad bably uit f thmlv
bcam ady t v lut vidc. But f thi Bac a yt
thig. H a at thi tim ly aa that th h
"hutig ut c mlait agait him," that th attac a chagd f m
hi la t hi ivat chaact; h had f ud a ufav uabl flig
i th H u f L d; ad h ll ugh hat it a t hav
ful mi i th day h a tc a ft ttld bf
a tial. T ay , uch a tat f thig a a f midabl a th
fit i u ymt m f a fv. H a uay, a a ma might ll b
h m th H u f C mm had fixd it y, ad t h m th H u f
L d had h itlf ufidly. But h a a yt c ci u f
thig fatal t hi dfc, ad h that if fal accuati
c uld b lightly mad thy c uld al b x d.
A f day aft th fit mti f c uti th C mm laid thi
c mlait f him bf th H u f L d, ad th am day (Mach
19) Bac , fidig himlf t ill t g t th H u, t t th
P by Bucigham, utig thm that a m "c mlait f ba
biby" had c m bf thm, thy uld giv him a fai tuity f
dfdig himlf, ad f c -xamiig it; cially bggig,
that c idig th umb f dc hich h had t ma i a
yam tha t th uadad "th c u hich had b ta i
hutig ut c mlait agait him," thy uld t lt thi ii f
him b affctd by th m umb f chag that might b mad. Thi
h t vbal a, m vd by S uthamt (Mach 20), that thy mat t
cd by ight ul f jutic, ad uld b glad if h clad hi
h u, a t c uagig. Ad that th C mm had b ught th
matt bf thm, th L d t it tily it thi had,
a itig th C mmitt, ad xamiig th it thmlv. N
it cam f ad vy day ith fh ca f gift ad t,
"bib" civd by th L d Chacll . Wh Paliamt f th
Eat vacati (Mach 27-Ail 17), th C mmitt c tiud ittig. A
g d dal bably ad f hich c d mai. Wh th C mm
mt agai (Ail 17) C a full f gib ab ut /Itauati
Maga/th tu /Itauati / a t t laad t day aft a
Act a b ught i f vi ad val f dc i C ut f
Euity. It a cla that th ca agait Bac had aumd
f midabl dimi , ad al a vy tag, ad alm t m t u
ha. F th L d, h t b th judg, had by thi C mmitt
ta th matt ut f th had f th C mm , th igial accu,
ad had bc m thmlv th cut , c llctig ad aagig
vidc, acctig jctig d iti , ad d ig all that c ul
th c mmittig magitat uld d limiay t a tial. Th
aa t hav b c -xamiig f it Bac ' bhalf,
haig it f him t uatually at thi tag f bui,
h th cut gagd i maig ut thi ca; but
c idig that th futu judg had f thi acc d tud
thmlv it th cut , th ufai a gat. At th am
tim it d t aa that Bac did aythig t atch h thig t
i th C mmitt, hich had hi fid i thm a ll a hi mi,
ad a aid t hav b c ut. T ad th d f Mach,
Chamblai t t Calt that "th H u ig had at
claig ut th Auga tabl f m li, ad al xt ti i
C ut f Jutic. Th titi agait th L d Chacll t
um u t b g t th ugh: hi chif fid ad b f bagai,
Si G g Hatig ad Si Richad Y ug, ad th attacd, a
bligd t accu him i thi dfc, th ugh vy luctatly. Hi
diay bib 300, 400, ad v 1000.... Th L d admit
vidc xct ath. O Chuchill, h a dimid f m th
Chacy C ut f xt ti , i th chif cau f th Chacll '
ui."^3 <#f t t3> Bac a gatly alamd. H t t Bucigham,
h a "hi ach i th fl d." H t t th Kig; h a at a
l t acc ut f th "tmt that had c m him;" h c uld t
udtad hat h had d t ffd th c uty Paliamt; h had
v "ta ad t vt jutic, h v h might b fail, ad
ata f th abu f th tim."
"Tim hath b h I hav b ught ut y u /gitum c lumb/, f m
th. N I big it f m mylf. I fly ut y u Majty ith th
ig f a d v, hich c ithi th v day I th ught uld
hav caid m a high flight.
"Wh I t it mylf, I fid t th matial f uch a
tmt a i c m u m. I hav b (a y u Majty th
bt) v auth f ay imm dat c ul, but alay did t
hav thig caid /uavibu m di/. I hav b avaici u
f th l. I hav b haughty it labl
hatful ma, i my c vati caiag. I hav ihitd
hatd f m my fath, but am a g d ati t b . Whc h uld
thi b? F th a th thig that u t ai dili ab ad."
Ad h dd by tatig th Kig t
hl him:
"That hich I thit aft, a th hat aft th tam, i that I
may by my matchl fid [Bucigham] that tth t y u
thi ltt, y u Majty' hat (hich i a /abyu/ f
g d, a I am a /abyu/ f miy) t ad m. I hav b
v y u ma, ad c utd mylf but a uufuctuay f mylf, th
ty big y u; ad maig mylf a blati t d ith
m a may bt c duc t th h u f y u jutic, th h u f
y u mcy, ad th u f y u vic, tig a
"Clay i y u Majty' gaci u had
"F. St. Alda, Cac.
"Mach 25, 1621."
T th ld h t u a udimayd c utac: h t d t
G hambuy, attdd by t f fid. "Thi ma," aid Pic

Chal, h h mt hi c may, "c t g ut li a uff." But
at G hambuy h mad hi ill, lavig "hi am t th xt ag ad
t f ig ati ;" ad h t a ay, hich i a t uchig vidc
f hi tat f mid
"M t gaci u L d G d, my mciful Fath, f m my y uth u, my
Cat , my Rdm, my C mf t. Th u (O L d) udt ad
acht th dth ad ct f all hat; th u ldgt th
uight f hat, th u judgt th hy cit, th u dt m'
th ught ad d ig a i a balac, th u maut thi itti
a ith a li, vaity ad c d ay ca t b hid f m th.
"Rmmb (O L d) h thy vat hath ald bf th; mmb
hat I hav fit ught, ad hat hath b icial i mi
itti . I hav l vd thy ambli, I hav m ud f th
divii f thy Chuch, I hav dlightd i th bight f thy
actuay. Thi vi hich thy ight had hath latd i thi
ati , I hav v ayd ut th that it might hav th fit
ad th latt ai; ad that it might ttch h bach t th
a ad t th fl d. Th tat ad bad f th ad
d hav b ci u i my y: I hav hatd all culty
ad had f hat; I hav (th ugh i a did d) cud
th g d f all m. If ay hav b mi mi, I th ught t f
thm; ith hath th u alm t t u my dilau; but I
hav b a a d v, f f m ufluity f malici u. Thy
catu hav b my b , but thy Scitu much m . I hav
ught th i th c ut, fild, ad gad, but I hav f ud
th i thy tml.
"Th uad hav b my i, ad t th uad my tagi ; but
thy actificati hav maid ith m, ad my hat, th ugh thy
gac, hath b a uuchd c al u thy alta. O L d, my
tgth, I hav ic my y uth mt ith th i all my ay, by thy
fathly c mai , by thy c mf tabl chatimt, ad by thy
m t viibl vidc. A thy fav u hav icad u m,
hav thy c cti ; a th u hat b alay a m, O L d;
ad v a my ldly blig xaltd, ct dat f m
th hav icd m; ad h I hav acdd bf m, I hav
dcdd i humiliati bf th.
"Ad h I th ught m t f ac ad h u, thy had i havy
u m, ad hath humbld m, acc dig t thy f m
l vig-id, ig m till i thy fathly ch l, t a a
batad, but a a child. Jut a thy judgmt u m f my
i, hich a m i umb tha th ad f th a, but hav
ti t thy mci; f hat a th ad f th a t
th a, ath, hav? ad all th a thig t thy mci.
"Bid my iumabl i, I c f bf th that I am dbt
t th f th gaci u talt f thy gift ad gac, hich I
hav mit i thig f hich I a lat fit; a I may tuly
ay, my ul hath b a tag i th c u f my ilgimag. B
mciful ut m (O L d) f my Savi u' a, ad civ m it
thy b m, guid m i thy ay."
Bac u t thi tim tagly, if th C mmitt " C ut,"
a tily ig at f th aticula f th chag hich a
accumulatig agait him. H had a itvi ith th Kig, hich a
duly td t th H u, ad h lacd hi ca bf Jam,
ditiguihig bt th "th ca f biby u

c ut bagai; cal i civig a gift hil
g ig ; ad, hat i i ct, civig a gift aft
Ad h mat i uch d a th t lac himlf at
di al, ad a hi dicti :
d i a judga
th cau i
it i dd."
th Kig'
"F my f tu, /umma ummaum/ ith m i, that I may t b mad

alt gth u fitabl t d y u Majty vic h u. If
y u Majty c tiu m a I am, I h I hall b a ma, ad
hall f m thig ut f flig, m tha a th ca d ut f
xaml. If I cat at f my bud, I hall b m t g ad
/dliv/ t ba th t. Ad, t tll y u Majty hat my
th ught u u , I thi f itig a t y f Eglad, ad f
c milig f y u la it a btt digt."
Th Kig fd him t th H u; ad th H u (Ail 19th)
ad t gath u it " bif" th chag agait th L d
Chacll , till, h v, c tiuig t civ fh c mlait.
Mahil th cha aft abu f all id a g ig h tt i th
C mm abu i att ad m li, hich vivd th c mlait
agait f, am g h m Bac a futly amd, ad abu i
th C ut f Jutic. Th attac ad by ad ad th C mm La
C ut, a a ticd i th c u f th dbat; it ad
Cafild' C ut, th C ut f Wad. But it fll havily th
Chacy ad th Eccliatical C ut. "I hav ith ill
t dfd Chacy," aid Si J h Btt, th judg f th P gativ
C ut; but a f aft hi tu cam, ad a i f a ugly
chag a c uld ll b fd agait a judg, chag f xt ti
a ll a biby, td t th H u by it C mmitt. Th
ca b d ubt f th g f may f th abu, ad th zal
agait thm a h t, th ugh it uld hav h m c uag if it
had fl at high gam; but th daily dicui f thm hld t
aliv ad iflam th gal flig agait gat a
"dliut" a th L d Chacll a u d t b. Ad, idd, t
f th t chag agait him mad bf th C mm . O a a
tatmt mad i th H u by Si G g Hatig, a mmb f th
H u, h had b th chal f Aby' gift, that h h had t ld
Bac that if uti d h mut admit it, Bac ' a a: "G g,
if y u d , I mut dy it u my h uu my ath." Th th a
that h had giv a ii i fav u f m claim f th Mat i
Chacy f hich h civd 1200, ad ith hich h aid that all
th judg agda ati hich all th judg did. Of th
chag th i c tadicti .^4 <#f t t4>
Bac mad m aal t th Kig (Ail 21). H h d that, by
igig th al, h might b ad th tc:
"But if t / mi ttiam/ (a th divi a), but /
ttatm uavit di tm/, y u Majty ill gaci uly av
m f m a tc ith th g d liig f th H u, ad that cu
may a f m m; it i th utm t f my di.
"Thi I m v ith th m blif, bcau I au mylf that if
it b f mati that i ught, th vy taig aay th al,
u my gal ubmii , ill b a much i xaml f th
f u hudd ya a ay fud vity."
At lgth, if mally, but f th fit tim ditictly, th full
atu f th accuati , ith it vhlmig lit f ca, cam t
Bac ' ldg (Ail 20 21). F m th igl chag, mad i th
middl f Mach, it had lld i f c ad v lum li a iig
m utai t t. That all th chag h uld hav ug ut f th
g ud f m thi l g c calmt i tag ugh. H i it that
thig a had f thm h th thig had? Ad hat i ually
tag i that th chag ubtatially tu ad udiabl;
that thi gat L d Chacll , admiabl i hi datch f
bui, hitht littl c mlaid f f g ufai
dcii , had b i th habit f civig lag um f m y f m
uit , i m ca ctaily hil th uit a dig. Ad
futh, hil civig thm, hil fctly aa f th vil f
civig gift th at f judgmt, hil mhatically aig
ifi judg agait yildig t th tmtati , h m ally t
hav c tiud uc ci u f ay g-d ig hil gift aft gift a
ffd ad acctd. But thig i tag a th ay i hich
Bac mt th chag. Tmd u a th accuati a, h mad t th
lightt fight ab ut it. U t thi tim h had hld himlf i ct.
N , vhlmd ad tud, h mad attmt at dfc; h th u
th gam ith ut a tuggl, ad v lutd a ab lut ad uvd
c fi f hi guiltthat i t ay, h dclid t tad hi tial.
Oly, h mad a at alicati t th H u f L d, i
cdig t tc, t b c tt ith a gal admii f guilt,
ad t a him th humiliati f c fig th aat fact f
allgd "biby" hich c taid i th tty-ight Aticl f
hi accuati . Thi ubmii , "g udd ly um u," f th
Aticl f chag had t yt b c mmuicatd t him by th accu,
t th H u by ui. "N L d t it, aft it had b
ad, f a l g tim." But thy did t ma that h h uld ca ith
thi. Th H u tatd th uggti ith imatit c (Ail 24).
"It i t lat," aid L d Say. "N d f c fi f ay
c uti i th L d Chacll ' ubmii ," aid S uthamt ; "it
tad ith th jutic ad h u f thi H u t t cd ith ut
th ati' aticula c fi , t hav th ati t ha th
chag, ad t ha th ati a." Th dmad f th L d a
tictly jut, but cul; th Aticl t t him; h had b
chagd ith dfiit ffc; h mut a y , c f thm
dfd himlf. A futh uti a hth h h uld t b
t f t aa at th ba. H till hld th al. "Shall th Gat
Sal c m t th ba?" ad L d Pmb . It a agd that h a t
b ad hth h uld ac ldg th aticula. Hi a a
"that h ill ma ma f dfc t th chag, but math t
ac ldg c uti , ad t ma a aticula c fi t vy
it, ad aft that a humbl ubmii . But h humbly cav libty
that, h th chag i m full tha h fid th tuth f th fact,
h may ma a dclaati f th tuth i uch aticula, th chag
big bif ad c taiig t all th cicumtac." Ad uch a
c fi h mad. "My L d," h aid, t th h t t a
hth h uld tad t it, "it i my act, my had, my hat. I
bch y u L dhi b mciful t a b d." Thi a, f
c u, f ll d by a ut t th Kig f m th H u t "ut"
th Gat Sal. A c mmii a t t civ it (May 1). "Th ,
th btt," h ad t th ih, "that it had b btt ith
him." "By th Kig' gat fav u I civd th Gat Sal; by my
gat fault I hav l t it." Thy itdd him t c m t th ba t
civ hi tc. But h a t ill t lav hi bd. Thy did t
uh thi it fath, but cdd t ttl th tc (May 3).
H had ad f mcy, but h did t gt it. Th m h tald
f vy xtmity h t f dath. C , idd, i th C mm , f m
hi t f cdt, had citd ca h judg had b hagd
f biby. But th L d uld t ha f thi. "Hi ffc f ul,"
aid L d Audl; "hi c fi itiful. Lif t t b t uchd." But

S uthamt , h m tty ya bf h had hld t iv lv i
Ex' ui, ugd that h h uld b dgadd f m th ag; ad
ad hth, at ay at, "h h m thi H u thi ufit t b a
c tabl hall c m t th Paliamt." H a fid 40,000. H a t
b imi d i th T duig th Kig' lau. H a t b
icaabl f ay ffic, lac, ml ymt i th Stat
C mm alth. H a v t it i Paliamt c m ithi th vg
f th C ut. Thi a agd t , Bucigham ly ditig. "Th L d
Chacll i ic," h aid, "that h ca t liv l g."
What i th hit y f thi tmd u catat h by hich, i l
tha t m th, Bac a cat d f m th hight f f tu t
bc m a by d f ham? H had mi, h ctaily glad, but
th i aaac that it a th ult f ay l t c mbiati
agait him. H a iv lvd, accidtally, it may alm t b aid, i
th but f ag xcitd by th it labl dalig f th. Th
idigati v d by Michll ad M m ad thi a ciat at
that aticula m mt f ud Bac i it ath, d ig, a it md, i
hi gat at f jutic, v tha thy; ad h h th u
all attmt at dfc, ad hi judg had hi had t a uvd
c fi f c uti , b th gally, ad i th l g lit f ca
allgd agait him, it i t dful that thy cam t th
c clui , a th t f th ld did, that h a a bad a th
accuati aitd hima dih t ad c ut judg. Yt it i tag
that thy h uld t hav bvd that t a igl chag f a
dfiitly ujut dcii a b ught, at ay at a vd, agait
him. H had ta m y, thy agud, ad thf h mut b c ut;
but if h had ta m y t vt judgmt, m itac f th
iiuity uld ctaily hav b b ught f ad ad vd. Th i
uch itac t b f ud; th ugh, f c u, th lty f
diatifid uit ; f c u th m h had aid thi m y ad
l t thi cau fui u. But i vai d l f ay ca f
vd ijutic. Th utm t that ca b aid i that i m ca h
h d fav u i uhig f ad ad xditig uit. S that th al
chag agait Bac aum, t u h hav t t dal actically
ith dag u abu, but t judg c duct ad chaact, a difft
c mlxi . Itad f big th icd f vtig jutic ad
llig hi judgmt f bib, it ta th ha f all ig ad
haig i a dih uabl ad michiv u ytm f aymt f
vic, hich c uld t fail t big ith it tmtati ad dicdit,
ad i hich fai ad c uld t b ditiguihd f m ulaful gai.
Such a ytm it a high tim t t ; ad i thi ugh ad hah ay,
hich al atifid m al miti, it a t d. W may ut
aid f g d th chag hich h a c dmd, ad hich i d
h admittd f big c ut a a judg. Hi al faultad it a a
gat a that h did t i tim hi y t th g ad
vil, att t vy , ad t himlf a a itd ut, f th
taditi al fahi i hi c ut f ig ut by igula gift th
alay f uch a ffic a hi.
Thu Bac a c dmd b th t uffig ad t dih u; ad, a ha
b bvd, c dmd ith ut a tial. But it mut al b bvd
that it a tily ig t hi act that h had t a tial, ad
ith a tial th tuity f c -xamiig it ad f
xlaiig ly th matt ugd agait him. Th cdig i th
L d limiay t th tial; h th tim cam, Bac , f hi
ch ic, t d thm f m g ig fath, by hi c fi ad
ubmii . C idig th vi hich h claimd t ta f hi
ca, hi bhavi u a atig i c uag ad iit. F m th m mt
that th attac him hiftd f m a chag f auth iig illgal

m li t a chag f al c uti , h v faily mt hi
accu. Th dit ad axity, d ubt, b d hi halth; ad
tic, h h a calld u t b i hi lac i th H u f L d,
h a bligd t xcu himlf th g ud that h a t ill t
lav hi bd. But bt th tim f th fit chag ad hi
c dmati v lad; ad th ugh h a abl t g d t
G hambuy, h v i that tim h d himlf i th H u f L d.
Whth t, hil th C mmitt buy i c llctig th
chag, h uld hav b all d t ta at, t ut uti t
th it, t duc hi , h v attmtd t d ; ad
by th c u h t th a
th tuity. T hav t d hi
tial c uld hadly hav icad hi dag, aggavatd hi
uihmt; ad it uld ly hav b thy f hi am ad lac, if
t t hav mad a fight f hi chaact ad itgity, at lat t
hav bavly aid hat h had mad u hi mid t admit, ad hat
c uld hav aid m bly ad athtically, i Paliamt. But h
a c d at th fic f th dia bati maift i b th
H u. H hu f m l ig hi ad hi judg i th fac. Hi
fid btaid f him that h h uld t b b ught t th ba, ad
that all h uld a i itig. But thy avd hi digity at th
x f hi ubtatial utati . Th bvati that th chag
agait him t iftd by c -xamiati ali ually t hi
a t thm. Th allgati f b th id uld hav c m d t
u i a m tut thy ha if th ca had g . But t giv u
th tuggl, ad t ca by ay humiliati f m a gula ublic
tial, m t hav b hi ly th ught h h f ud that th Kig
ad Bucigham c uld t uld t av him.
But th tuth i that h that a tial f thi id a a tial ly
i am. H that, h a chag f thi t a b ught, it a
t mat t b ally ivtigatd i c ut, but t b div h m
by f cafully ad bf had, agait hich th accud had
littl chac. H , t , that i th day t it i at a
accuati a at t b ta a a iult t th c ut hich
ttaid it. Ad futh, f th cut t acct a ubmii
ad c fi ith ut uhig t th f mality f a ublic tial, ad
thf a ublic x u, a a fav u. It a a fav u hich by hi
advic, a agait th Kig' h u, had b fud t Suff l; it
a a fav u hich, i a much light chag, had by hi advic b
fud t hi c llagu Ylvt ly a f m th bf , h Bac ,
i tcig him, t ccai t xatiat th hi u guilt f
miii mita i m i high lac. Th humiliati a t
c mlt ith ut th tial, but it a f humiliati ad t fai
ivtigati that th tial a atd. Bac that th tial uld
ly l g hi ag y, ad giv a futh tiumh t hi mi.
That th a ay l t agait Bac , ad much m that Bucigham t
av himlf a a aty t it, i f c u abud. Bucigham, idd,
a alm t th ly ma i th L d h aid aythig f Bac , ad,
al , h v td agait hi uihmt. But c idig hat Bucigham
a, ad hat h dad t d h h lad, h a igulaly c l i
hlig Bac . William, th atut Da f Wtmit, h a t b
Bac ' ucc a L d K, had g t hi a, ad advid him t
t dag himlf by tyig t av dliut. H did t. Idd,
a th iuiy t , h bga t ta th high m al g ud; h a
h cd at th Chacll ' c duct; h uld t hav blivd that it
c uld hav b bad; hi digac a ichly dvd. Bucigham
t u aaac by ayig a d f him f m tim t tim i
Paliamt, hich h uld b ul, ad hich h ctaily t
mau t ma ffctiv. It i mtim aid that Bucigham

v hat diimulati a. H a caabl, at lat, f th
fidy ad c adic f utt lfih. Bac ' c icu u fall
divtd m' th ught f m th fa m cadal u icd f th
gat fav uit. But th ugh th a l t, th ugh th bl fll u
Bac alm t accidtally, th may h j icd t b abl t
div it h m. W ca hadly d that f m t am g thm a C .
Thi a th d f th l g ivaly bt Bac ad C , f m th
tim that Ex d Bac agait C i vai t th day h Bac
a Chacll d v C f m hi at f hi bad la, ad a Pivy
C ucill dd him t b cutd i th Sta Chamb f
i t uly baig m' d t gt hi daught. Th t m
th ughly dilid ad udvalud a th. C mad light f
Bac ' la. Bac a claly C ' a ad ig ac ut f
that limitd lgal h i hich h a u d t vythig,
hi judicd ad ittd u f hi ldg, hi c a ad
i lc. But i Paliamt C a um, " u Hcul," a
hi fid aid. H d a th my f all abu ad c uti . H
b ught hi uivalld, th ugh t alay accuat, ldg f la ad
hit y t th vic f th C mmitt, ad t ca that th
Chacll ' am h uld t b f g tt h it c uld b c ctd
ith m bad bui f att Chacy abu. It a th gat
vg f th C mm La th c achig ad iultig Chacy
hich had vd f ul. Ad h c uld t it th tuity f
maig th vg f fi al ldg v Bac ' ai f
hil hical ui ity. "T t thig t thi igial" a hi
i Paliamt, "thi, /Itauati Maga. Itaua
aaItaua lg jutitiamu iu/."^5 <#f t t5>
Th chag f c uti a a c mltly a ui t Bac a it a
t th t f th ld. Ad yt, a a th bl t a hit, h a
i a m mt that hi iti a h lh that h had b
d ig g; th ugh all th tim h had v aatly giv it a
th ught, ad h iitd, hat th i vy a t bliv, that
t had iducd him t giv a ujut dcii . It a th f
cut m v a chaact atually ad by habit t liat t
cicumtac. Cut m mad him iibl t th vil f civig
c mmdati f m Bucigham i fav u f uit . Cut m mad him
iibl t th vil f hat it m vy t f
gatdcivig gift f m uit . I th C ut f Jam I. th
atm h hich a ma i ffic bathd a l add ith th tait f
gift ad bib. Pt a much th ul, a idiabl f
th h h d t gt , a thy a i Tuy. Ev i
Elizabth' day, h Bac a tugglig t i h fav u, ad a
i th gatt tait f m y, h b d 500 t buy a jl f
th Qu. Wh h a Jam' vat th givig f gift bcam a
city. N Ya' Day b ught ud it tibut f g ld va ad
g ld ic t th Kig ad Bucigham. Ad thi a th lat. M y
a aid by th al f ffic ad titl. F 20,000, havig
vi uly ffd 10,000 i vai, th Chif-Jutic f Eglad,
M tagu, bcam L d Madvill ad Tau. Th bib a mtim
diguid: a ma bcam a Pivy C ucill , li Cafild, a
Chif-Jutic, li Ly (aftad "th g d Eal," "utaid ith
g ld f," f Milt ' S t), by mayig a c ui a ic f
Bucigham. Wh Bac a mad a P, h had al giv him "th
maig f a Ba ;" that i t ay, h might ai m y by bagaiig
ith m h atd a ag; h, h v, lat , h ad
Bucigham f a titi f th fav u, Bucigham gav him a lctu
th im ity f digality, hich h uld ma it m that "hil
th Kig a aig m y f Paliamt ith had h a givig ith
th th." H thig i Chacy i th day f th Qu, ad f
Bac ' dc , littl; but Bac himlf imli that
th a thig i hat h did. "All my lay," aid Jam, "a
bd ad ud i c uti that thy ca t lav it." Bac '
Chacll hi c icidd ith th full bl m f Bucigham' fav u; ad
Bucigham t th fahi , by d all bf him, f xtavagac i
civig ad dig. Ec mad by uch aumti ad uch
cut m, Bac admiitd th Chacy. Suit did th hat l
did vyh l; thy ac ldgd by a t th t ubl thy
gav, th bfit thy gaid. It may b that Bac '
difficulti ab ut m y, hi xiv ay ad l v f m, hi
ai f atu, hi lax dicili v hi vat, c uagd
thi fu f givig. Ad Bac lt it b. H ad uti ;
h that h d had ad ll; h that it c uld g
ith ut affctig hi u t d jutic "f m th gatt t th
g m." A t g chaact, a c cic, uld hav facd th
uti , t ly hth h a t ttig th m t ui u f
cdt, but hth ay ma c uld b u f himlf a t g
dalig jutly ith gift i hi had. But Bac , h v dad t
fac th uti , hat Jam a, hat Bucigham a, lt himlf b
llb ud by cut m. H i th abtact that judg ught t hav
thig t d ith gift, ad had aid imivly i hi chag t
thm. Yt h t lf-c mlact, cu, alm t i ct, buildig
u a gat taditi f c uti i th vy hat f Eglih jutic,
till th challg f Paliamt, hich bga i him it tibl ad
ltl, but m t uual, cuti f jutic agait miit
h had btayd th c mm alth i vig th C , him f m
hi dam, ad mad him , a th a it, th guilt f a gat
judg h , ud hatv xtuatig txt, all d th uici t
ai that h might ll jutic. "I th midt f a tat f a gat
afflicti a m tal ma ca du," h t t th L d f th
Paliamt, i maig hi ubmii , "I hall bgi ith th fig
glad i m thig. Th fit i that haft th gat f a
judg magitat hall b actuay tcti f guilti,
hich i th bgiig f a g ld ld. Th xt, that aft thi
xaml it i li that judg ill fly f m aythig that i i th
li f c uti a f m a t." Bac ' judgmt
himlf, dlibatly atd, i chaactitic, ad bably c m
a th tuth. "H v, I ac ldg th tc jut ad f
f mati ' a fit," h it t Bucigham f m th T , h,
f f m' a, h a imi d f a f miabl day, h yt had
b "th jutt Chacll that hath b i th fiv chag that
hav b ic Si Nic la Bac ' tim." H atd th am thig
yt m dlibatly i lat tim. "/I a th jutt judg that a
i Eglad th fifty ya. But it a th jutt cu i
Paliamt that a th t hudd ya./"
H might hav g t add, "th Wit C ull ; ad yt
h m td havi blam; f h m Eglad might m jutly
c mlai." G d c ul giv, ubmiiv acuicc i th
tthi i th hit y f hi tatmahi. Bac , h y a
vyh, a t aig f hi c ul. O all th gat uti
f th tim h ha lft bhid abudat vidc, t ly f hat h
th ught, but f hat h advid. Ad i vy ca th mm ial a
mad ith th iight, th iddc, th badth f vi, ad th
m dati f a mid hich i bt tuth. H tatd, f c u, f m
a bai hich a hadly abl t udtad all f , th
ida f ab lut yal ad gativ hich Jam had lagd
ad hadd ut f th Kighi f th Tud , itlf imi u ad
abitay ugh, but alay ig, ith a tact f hich Jam a
icaabl, t b i t uch ad ymathy ith ula flig. But it a

a bai hich i icil vy f ay acc ut a yt hld
fd t h ld, ad hich Bac himlf hld g ud f hil hy
ad a . H c uld h f dly ad itlligt g vmt
xct i a ul h id m had ual tgth t at itlf; ad
h l d d ith icdulity ad c th ti f aythig g d
c mig ut f hat th ld th a f ula ii
aliamtay g vmt. But h it cam t hat a i ad fittig
f ab lut t d i th ay f gal mau ad licy, h
a f th m t at ight. H a th ix abl ad ig
city f uttig th fiac f th igd m a af f tig. H
a th city f a ud ad h t licy i Ilad. H a th
michif f th Saih alliac i it f hi cui u fidhi ith
G d ma, ad dtctd th al ad icaig a f th Saih
m achy, hich till ad maid. H a th g ig dag f abu
i Chuch ad Stat hich lft ut uchd, ad tctd by th
uihmt f th h dad t c mlai f thm. H a th c fui
ad ijutic f much f that c mm la f hich th lay
ud; ad uld hav attmtd, if h had b abl, t mulat
Jutiia, ad aticiat th C d Na l , by a ati al ad
c itt digt. Ab v all, h v cad t im Jam th
im tac, ad, if ily ud, th imm advatag, f hi
Paliamt. Himlf, f gat at f hi lif, a activ ad ula
mmb f th H u f C mm , h a that t ly it a im ibl
t d ith ut it, but that, if faily, h uably, h tly dalt ith,
it uld bc m a uc f ad c fidc hich uld d ubl th
tgth f th G vmt b th at h m ad ab ad. Yt f all thi
id m thig cam. Th fiac f th igd m a till uid by
xtavagac ad c uti i a tim f aidly-dvl ig ity
ad alth. Th ud f Ilad uhald. It a ith ac
a ith Sai, ad h t ifatuati f it fidhi altatd
ith c ld fit f ditut ad tagmt. Abu fl uihd ad
multilid ud gat at ag. Th Kig' th ught ab ut
Paliamt a h t gt a much m y ut f it a h c uld, ith a
littl th bui a ibl. Bac ' c ul th hci
f Caada i that u but diat u ig. All that h
did a t ld th auth ity f hi c, i Jam' m t itimat
c ul, t licy ad c u f hich h a th uid m ad th
il. Jam ad Bucigham mad u f him h thy atd. But thy
uld hav b vy difft i thi mau ad thi tatmahi
if thy had litd t him.
Miabau aid, hat f c u had b aid bf him, "O vaut,
da la ati xcutiv d la vi humai, u a l caact." Thi
i th y t Bac ' failu a a judg ad a a tatma, ad hy,
ig much m ad judgig much m ily tha Jam ad
Bucigham, h mut b idtifid ith th mid ig f that ig bl
ig. H had th c uag f hi ii ; but a ma at m tha
that: h d th mali ad th ublic iit t f c thm, if
thy a tu ad alutay. But thi i hat Bac had t. H did t
mid big buffd; h that h a ight, ad did t ca. But t
tad u agait th Kig, t c tadict him aft h had , t
a ii a mau a ma h blif i hi id m
a ifiit, t i t ly big t d a a dam, but th
Kig' dilau, ad th ui f big giv v t th ill f hi
mi, thi Bac had t th fib th tiff th
lf-ati t d . H did t d hat a ma f fim ill ad tgth
f u , a ma f high itgity, f habitual luti , uld hav
d . Such m iit h thy a ibl, ad h thy that
thy a ight; ad thy vail, acct th c uc. Bac ,
ig all that h did, thiig all that h th ught, a c tt t b
th ch ad th itumt f th clvt, th f liht, th
vait, th m t itiably umaly f Eglih ig.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------CHAPTER VII.
BACON'S LAST YEARS.
[1621-1626.]
Th tmd u tc f th day, ith thi cuhig fi,
ft i ud tha i ality. Thy mat that f th m mt a
ma a dfatd ad digacd. But it a uit udt d that it did
t caily f ll that thy uld b f cd i all thi
vity. Th fi might b mittd, th imi mt h td, th
ba f xclui ta ff. At a th tu f vt caic th ma
himlf might tu t fav u, ad ta hi lac i Paliamt th
C ucil a if thig had had. But, f c u, a ma might hav
ful mi, ad th tc might b d. Hi fi might b
aigd t m fav uit; ad h might b mid, v if i th l g
u h a ad d; h might mai idfiitly a i . Raligh
had maid t ih at lat i dih u. N thumblad, Raligh'
fll -i , aft fift ya' cativity, a lad thi ya.
Th ya aft Bac ' c dmati uch cimial a L d ad Lady
S mt lad f m th T , aft a ix ya' imi mt.
S uthamt , th acc mlic f Ex, Suff l, tcd a lat a 1619
by Bac f mbzzlmt, at i th H u f P hich judgd Bac ,
ad b th f thm t a mit at i judgig him.
T Bac th tc a ui u. It vd a itivabl vth
a gad ublic lif, ad, th ugh m at f it mittd ad
th lightd, it lugd hi ivat affai it t ubl hich
ighd havily him f hi f maiig ya. T hi d dit
ad h h had t g t th T t atify th tm f hi
tc. "G d my L d," h it t Bucigham, May 31, " cu my
aat f my dichag thi day. Dath i fa f m big ulc m
t m, a I hav calld f it a fa a Chitia luti uld
mit ay tim th t m th. But t di bf th tim f hi
Majty' gac, i thi digacful lac, i v th t that c uld
b." H a lad aft t
th day, ad h tha Bucigham
(Ju 4) f gttig him ut t d him ad th Kig faithful
vic"hi, by th gac f G d, y u L dhi hall fid that my
advity hath ith /t/ /t/ my iit." I th autum hi
fi a mittdthat i, it a aigd t miatd by
Bac , h , a th C had th fit claim all hi g d, vd a
a tcti agait hi th cdit , h may ad m f thm
clam uad it a f ll d by hi ad . Hi ucc , William,
Bih f Lic l, h t d i gat fa f Paliamt, tid t
t th ad . Th aigmt f th fi, h aid t Bucigham, a
a g j b"it i much agait, t f th matt (f ma
bjct t that), but f th ma, hich i full f avy, ad a
icd cdt. F by thi aigmt h i tctd f m all hi
cdit , hich (I da ay) a ith hi Majty' y u
L dhi' maig." It a a ill-atud ad c adly ic f
fficial daty t lug d a d ig ma; but i th d th
ad a ad. It d t aa hth Bucigham itfd t
vul th L d K' cul. Bucigham a ctaily ab ut thi

tim vy much ut f hum u ith Bac , f a a hich, m tha
aythig l, dicl th d ma hich lud ud hi h
f magaimity ad id. H had ch thi m mt t a Bac f
Y H u. Thi mat that Bac uld v m at it. Ev Bac
a tug by uch a ut t a fid i hi c diti , ad dclid
t at ith it; ad Bucigham acc digly a ffdd, ad mad Bac
fl it. Idd, th i a t thi ith M. Sddig that f th
alig f hi ad Bac a idbtd t th g d ffic ith th
Kig, t f Bucigham, but f th Saiad, G d ma, ith h m Bac
had alay b tm f c diality ad ct, ad h at thi tim
ctaily "b ught ab ut mthig hi bhalf, hich hi th
fid ith had t dad t attmt had t b abl t btai."
But, th ugh Bac had hi ad , h had t civd mii t c m
ithi th vg f th C ut, hich mat that h c uld t liv i
L d . Hi affai i gat di d, hi halth a bad, ad h
a cut ff f m b . H t a aal t th P h had
c dmd him, aig thm t itcd ith th Kig f th
lagmt f hi libty. "I am ld," h t, "a, uid, i
at, a vy ubjct f ity." Th T at lat gav him th
ighb uh d f th h c uld hl him. "Th I c uld hav c may,
hyicia, c fc ith my cdit ad fid ab ut my dbt ad
th citi f my tat, hl f my tudi ad th itig I
hav i had. H I liv u th d- it f a ha ai,
dagd if I g ab ad, dulld if I tay ithi, litay ad
c mf tl, ith ut c may, baihd f m all tuiti t tat
ith ay t d mylf g d, ad t hl ut my c." If th L d
uld c mmd hi uit t th Kig, "Y u hall d a f chaity
ad bility, y u hall d m g d, y u hall d my cdit g d, ad
it may b y u hall d tity g d, if ut f th caca f dad ad
tt gat (a ut f Sam ' li ) th may b h y gathd
f th u f futu tim." But Paliamt a di lvd bf th
t uchig aal achd thm; ad Bac had t hav c u t th
xdit. H c ultd Sld ab ut th tchical lgality f th
tc. H aald t Bucigham, h v uchafd t aa m
lacabl. Oc m h had c u t G d ma, "i that litud f
fid, hich i th ba-c ut f advity," a a ma h m h had
" bvd t hav th magaimity f hi ati ad th c diality
f u, ad I am u th it f b th"ad h had b ually id t
him i "b th hi f tu;" ad h d th ugh G d ma t t
G hambuy t Bucigham "f thig," a a ac- ffig. But th
ucha f hi libty a t c m i a th ay. Bac had c cild
himlf t givig u Y H u; but Bucigham uld t hav it:
h had f ud a th h u, h aid, hich uitd him a ll. That i
t ay, h did t ch t hav Y H u f m Bac himlf; but
h mat t hav it. Acc digly, Bucigham lt Bac th ugh a
fid f Bac ', Si Edad Sacvill, that th ic f hi libty
t liv i L d a th ci f Y H u t t Bucigham, but
f all m i th ld, t Li l Cafild, th ma h had b
bitt agait Bac i th H u f C mm . Thi i Si Edad
Sacvill' acc ut t Bac f hi tal ith Bucigham; it i
chaactitic f vy c cd:
"I th f h laid th la, but i th aft h achd
th g l; h, aft m vivati f th ld ditat
c cig Y H u, h m t bly d hi hat ut m;
hi I ad that hich augud much g d t ad y u. Aft hich
vlati th b a agai ald u, ad mut i hi tim
ly by himlf b agai maiftd ut y u. I hav lav t
mmb m f th vii , ad am t f bidd t it it. H

v d ( t c ut li), but c tatly t aa y u fid
much, a if hi Majty h uld abad th ca f y u, y u h uld
ha hi f tu ith him. H lad t tll m h much h had
b bh ld t y u, h ll h l vd y u, h uidly h t
th dial f y u h u (f h ill d udtad it); but
th cl f all thi a ham i u, ic h ttd h uld
i uly bgi t tudy y u d, that th ld h uld h
had d y u. H i i had ith th , ad thf ill
by ma acct f y u ff, th ugh I ca au y u th td
hath much u him, ad mll d hi hat t ad y u, ad y u
giu dictd y u aight h y u it that ltt f dial t
th Du. Th Kig a it, ad all th t, hich mad him ay ut
th Maui, y u layd a aft-gam ll; ad that h had
a t b much ffdd.
"I hav alady tald f th Rvlati , ad am t a i
a calytical laguag, hich I h y u ill ightly c mmt:
h f if y u ma difficulty, th ba ca hl y u ith th y
f th cyh.
"My L d Fallad by thi tim hath h d y u L d f m Highgat.
/If Y H u g , th t y u/, ad all y u
taitt hacl cla ff, bid m c mf t tha th city ai
ly. Th Maui uld b xcdig glad th Tau had it. Thi
I ; yt thi y u mut t f m m. Bagai ith him
tly, u a g d c diti a y u ca cu, y u hav
dict m ti f m th Maui t lt him hav it. Sm t t div
it th ct f it, th ugh y u a ublid if y u t
th ugh it. I hav t ld M. Mauty h I uld ih y u L dhi
t ma a d f it. F m him I bch y u ta it, ad f m
m ly th advic t f m it. If y u at t dily ith it,
y u may df th g d hich i a achig a y u, ad
dia itig th aim (hich mut ith h tly civ c tt
v), ha a yild matt f dic tt, th ugh y u may
b idd a i ct a bf . Ma th Tau bliv that
ic th Maui ill by ma acct f it, ad that y u mut
at ith it, y u a m illig t lau him tha ayb dy
l, bcau y u a giv t udtad my L d Maui
icli; hich icliati , if th Tau h tly d ut y u
ab ut it, di may b m claly maiftd tha a yt it hath
b; ic a I mmb hitht hath t ld y u /i tmii
tmiatibu/ that th Maui di y u h uld gatify th
Tau. I that ay th ha u, ad that my L d Maui
l g util Cafild hath it; ad I ih t , f y u g d; yt
uld t it ab lutly ad util my L d Maui did d
it ut y u t lt him hav it; f th hi di ig f
it but th xt dg m vd f m th immdiat acctac f
it, ad y u L dhi fd f m d ig it thi tha t la
him, ad t c mly ith hi ill ad ay."
It d hadly b aid that h Cafild g t it, it ad it
Bucigham' had. "Bac c td t at ith hi h u, ad
Bucigham i tu c td t giv him hi libty." Yt Bac c uld
it t him, "l a I am, I had ath j u i a c llg i
Cambidg tha c v a g d f tu by ay th but y ulf." "A
f Y H u," h bid T by Matth t lt Bucigham , "that
/hth i a taight li a c ma li/, I mat it f hi
L dhi, i th ay hich I th ught might la him bt." But libty
did t ma ith m y c vd h u. All hi lif l g h had
mad light f big i dbt; but ic hi fall thi a l g a
c diti ay t ba. H had t bg m id f i f th Kig.
H had t bg f Bucigham; "a mall matt f my dbt uld d m
m g d tha d ubl a tlvm th hc. I hav l t ix th uad
by th ya, bid ca ad c uti. T thig I may au y u
L dhi. Th , that I hall lad uch a c u f lif a hat v
th Kig d th f m hall ath t t hi Majty' ad y u
L dhi' h u tha t vy; th th, that hat v m tal, I
ca lay th g d hubad, ad th Kig' b uty hall t b l t."
It might b u d f m th t f th alicati that Bac '
mid a b d d ad cuhd by th xtmity f hi mif tu.
N thig c uld b fath f m th tuth. I hi bhavi u duig hi
accuati th a littl tac f that high iit ad f titud
h by fa ifi m ud li diat. But th m mt th
tmd u tai f hi mif tu a ta ff, th vig u f hi
mid c vd itlf. Th bu yacy f hi h ful, th laticity
f hi gy, a a maabl a hi f ud di . Wh th
d a a achig, hi th ught tud at c t th t b
d , ady i la, ady t b ta u ad fiihd. At th cl f
hi lat dat ltt t th Kig h ca t it fiihig at c
ith a jt, ad ith th ct f t gat litay udtaig
"Thi i my lat uit hich I hall ma t y u Majty i thi
bui, tatig mylf at y u mcy at, aft fift ya
vic, hi I hav vd y u Majty i my dav u
ith a ti hat, ad, a I umd t ay ut y u Majty,
am till a vigi f matt that c c y u ad c ;
ad ly cavig that aft ight t f h u I b t
ciitatd alt gth. But bcau h that hath ta bib i
at t giv bib, I ill g fud, ad t y u Majty ith
a bib. F if y u Majty ill giv m ac ad liu, ad G d
giv m lif, I ill t y u Majty ith a g d hit y f
Eglad, ad a btt digt f y u la."
Th T did, idd, t u a d f th tim, "mat" him. But th
m mt h a ut f it, hi uic ad ftil mid a immdiatly at
i all dicti , achig aft all id f la, maig f
f all id f xdit t tiv th at, aagig all id f
acc dig a vt might it ut th ay. Hi jct f
hit y, f la, f hil hy, f ltt, ccuy uit a much f
hi th ught a hi ad ad hi dbt; ad thy, hav ,
ccuid a g d dal. If h a uillaim u i th m mt f th
t m, hi iit, hi f c, hi vaid itt, tud th m mt
th t m a at. Hi lf-liac, hich a b udl, vivd. H
v all d himlf t thi, h v m f hi tim might judg
him, that th futu ld uld mita him. "/Aliui fui it
viv /," h it t G d ma, "/u mi itm ia aud
t /." Ev i hi tim h did t giv u th h f big
t d t h u ad . H c mad himlf t Dm th, t
Cic , t Sca, t Macu Liviu, h had b c dmd f c ut
dalig a h had b, ad had all c vd fav u ad iti .
L - uzzld ad h cd. "H ha," it Chamblai, "
ma f flig f hi fall, but c tiuig vai ad idl i all hi
hum u a h h a at th hight." "I am aid," Bac himlf
it, "t hav a fath i my had."
M mita. Hi th ught , f th m mt, m tha v
tud t th futu; but h had t giv u h f havig a g d dal
t ay yt t th affai f th t. Stagly ugh, a it m
t u, i th vy umm aft that fatal ig f 1621 th Kig
calld f hi ii c cig th f mati f C ut f Jutic;
ad Bac , jut tcd f c uti ad till uad d, cd
t giv hi advic a if h a Pivy C ucill i c fidtial
ml ymt. Ealy i th f ll ig ya h, acc dig t hi fahi ,
uvyd hi iti , ad d u a a f mm ada, li th t
f th /C mmtaiu S lutu/ f 1608, ab ut it t b ugd t th
Kig at a itvi. Why h uld t th Kig ml y him agai? "Y u
Majty v chid m;" ad a t hi c dmati , "a th fault a
t agait y u Majty, my fall a t y u act." "Thf ," h
g , "if y u Majty d at ay tim fid it fit f y u affai t
ml y m ublicly u th tag, I hall liv ad d my tim a
ith dic tiuac hall diabl m advity hall dic uag
m, aythig that I d giv ay cadal vy u m." H
iit vy t gly that th Kig' vic v micaid i hi
had, f h imly caid ut th Kig' i c ul. "That hi
Majty' bui v micaid i my had I d t imut t ay
xta diay ability i mylf, but t my fd m f m ay aticula,
ith fid d, ad my caful cit f hi dicti , big,
a I hav f mly aid t him, but a a buct ad cit t that
f utaia buct t da f th, a cit t v." H i t
afaid f th aat light t th cu ad him by
Paliamt. "F vy, it i a almaac f th ld ya, ad a a
fid f mi aid, /Paliamt did itt t ad m/." "What th
Kig bt m ill b futh tha Paul' tl." "Th
b m utba, a ll i th civil b dy a i th atual; I v
vd hi Majty ith m dty; h utig, udtaig." I th
dd fahi f th tima fahi i hich
m dlightd tha
himlfh lay h ld f acd d t giv it t hi agumt.
"I may allud t th th titi f th Litay/Liba
D mi/; /ac bi, D mi/; /xaudi , D mi/. I th fit,
I am uadd that hi Majty had a mid t d it, ad c uld t
c vitly i ct f hi affai. I th c d, h hath d
it i my fi ad ad . I th thid, h hath lii f md,
i t ig t th light f hi c utac."
But if th Kig did t fit t t him t ublic ml ymt, h
uld b ady t giv ivat c ul; ad h uld aly himlf t
ay "litay vic" that th Kig a itd. "I am li g ud
fh. If I b lft t mylf I ill gaz ad ba atual hil hy;
but if th Kig ill l ugh m u agai, ad m ith aythig, I
h t giv him m yild." "Y u Majty hath ; I hav faith.
Thf a miacl may b ught." Ad h , f matt i
hich hi might b uful, fit, a "activ" , th c milig
f la; th di ig f ad, ad gally th ducati f y uth;
th gulati f th juidicti f C ut; ad th gulati f
Tad; ad f "c tmlativ," th c tiuati f th hit y f Hy
VIII.; a gal tati /d Lgibu t Jutitia/; ad th "H ly Wa"
agait th Ott ma.
Wh h t thi h had alady h hat hi uulld gy c uld
acc mlih. I th umm ad autum aft hi c dmati , amid all
th i ad ic vic f that tim, m vig ab ut f m lac t
lac, ith ut hi b , ad ith ut f acc t a ad c d,
h had itt hi /Hit y f Hy VII/. Th thm had, d ubt, b
l g i hi had. But th b a th fit attmt at hil hical
hit y i th laguag, ad it at c ta a ith all that th
ld had yt , i claical tim ad m ctly i Italy, f
uch hit y. H t th b , am g th , t th Qu f
B hmia, ith a ha, th talati f a tit Lati c mm lac,

hich may hav b th at f hich bcam fam u i u tim;
ad ith a xi f ab lut c fidc i th g d f hi
.
"I hav ad i b that it i acc utd a gat bli f a ma
t hav /Liu ith H u/. That a v my f tu. F tim
a, I had H u ith ut Liu; ad I hav /Liu ith ut
H u/.... But my di i t hav /Liu ith ut
L itig/, ad t t bc m a abby-lubb, a th ld vb
a, but t yild m fuit f my ivat lif.... If Kig Hy
aliv agai, I h vily h uld t b agy ith m f
t flattig him, a ll lad i ig himlf tuly
dcibd i c l u that ill lat ad b blivd."
But th tid had tud agait him f g d. A f fai d, a f
gudgig d l f m y t liv hi ig at, ad th
mtim itctd ad ha v ightly gatd f m a
Exchu hich v Cafild' fiac c uld t filld, all
th gac that dcdd u him f m th f utai f g d i
hich h fd t tut ith uch b udl faith. Th Kig did t
at him, ha did t tut him, ha did t ally li him.
Wh th /N vum Ogaum/ cam ut, all that h had t ay ab ut it a
i th ha f a fa jt that "it a li th ac f G dit
ad all udtadig." Oth m had th a f Bucigham; hd,
actical m f bui li Cafild, h hatd Bac ' l ad
cal ay, th clv ccliatic William, h c ul had
td Bucigham afly th ugh th tmt that cd Bac , ad
h , ith lgal taiig, had b lacd i Bac ' at. "I
th ught," aid Bac , "that I h uld hav my ucc ." William,
f hi at, chagd Bac ith tyig t chat hi cdit , h hi
ual, Bac ' lati t Bucigham
fi a mittd. With
bcam m cm i u ad guadd; th "My igula g d L d" f th
f m ltt bc m, that Bucigham had i high ad Bac
had u l , "Excllt L d." Th fid t h m Bac had c
ihd t vythig had bc m th gat ma, ly t b
a achd ith "t mat" ad lab at c uty. But it a u.
Hi full ad Bac did t gt, th ugh atly uig f it, that
h might t "di i ig miy." H v at agai i Paliamt. Th
P v thi f Et fll vacat, ad Bac ' h idld. "It
a tty cll f my f tu. Th C llg ad Sch l I d t d ubt
but I hall ma t fl uih." But Bucigham had mid it t m
aml f ll , ad by m c f xchag it t t Si Hy
W tt . Hi Eglih hit y a ffd i vai. Hi digt f th La
a ffd i vai. I vai h t a mm adum th gulati f
uuy; t f advic t Bucigham; lab at t ad t f
ch ab ut a a ith Sai, h that f a hil l md bf th
c uty. I vai h affctd a itt hich h c uld hadly hav flt
i th Saih maiag, ad th caad f Bucigham ad Pic
Chal, hich "bga," h t, "li a fabl f th t, but
dvd all i a ic a thy aati ." I vai, h th Saih
maiag a ff ad th Fch a , h d t ff t
Bucigham "hi vic t liv a umm a u mi dlight at
Pai, t ttl a fat itlligc bt Fac ad u;" "I hav
mhat f th Fch," h aid, "I l v bid, a th Kig d th."
Public at ag ad ublic ml ymt at a d f him. Hi
titi t th Kig ad Bucigham cad t b f ffic, but f
th claig f hi am ad f th ma f livig. It i it u t
ad th at f hi ut. "Hl m (da S vig l d ad
mat), ity m fa a that I h hav b a bag b t i my
ag f cd i ffct t ba a allt." Th d a f m a

cafully-ad ad ht ical ltt hich a t t, but thy
x hat h addd t a ltt tig th /D Augmti; "dt
Vta Majta b lum Bliai /." Agai, "I tat mylf at y u
Majty' ft; I y u acit vat, ixty-f u ya ld i ag,
ad th ya ad fiv m th ld i miy. I di t f m y u
Majty ma, lac, ml ymt, but ly aft l g a tim
f xiati , a c mlt ad t tal mii f th tc f th
U H u, t th d that bl t f ig miy may b m vd f m m,
ad f m my mm y ad tity, that I di t a c dmd ma, but
may b t y u Majty, a I am t G d, / va catua/." But th ad
v cam. Si J h Btt, h had b c dmd a a c ut judg
by th am Paliamt, ad bt h ca ad Bac ' th a a
much diffc, "I ill t ay a bt blac ad hit, but a
bt blac ad gay," had g t hi full ad , "ad thy ay hall
it i Paliamt." L d Suff l had b f Bac ' judg. "I h
I dv t t b th ly utcat." But hth th C ut did t
ca, hth, a h c uctd, th a m ld my li
C , h "had a t th agait him," ad a atchig ay fav u h
him, h did ith ut hi ih big fulfilld, "t liv ut f at ad
t di ut f ig miy."
Bac a ud ubtdly a im vihd ma, ad taitd i hi ma;
but thi mut b udt d a i lati t th a ad iti
hich h till hld, ad th hich h atd d f th
/Itauati /. Hi ill, datd a f m th bf hi dath, h that
it uld b a mita t u that h a i uy. H d ubt
ft atd ady m y, ad might b vxd by cdit . But h t a
lag h uh ld, ad a abl t liv i c mf t at Gay' I at
G hambuy. A ma h a i hi ill f hi "f u c ach gldig ad
hi bt ca ach," bid may lgaci, ad h t f ud t
lctu at th uiviti, may hav t ubl ab ut dbt ad b
camd i hi xditu, but it i ly lativly t hi tati
that h ca b aid t b . Ad t ub diat ffic f th
Tauy h t him ut f hi ight, h c uld till it a ha
ltt, full f hi ld f c ad dg. A f m th bf hi dath h
thu t t th L d Tau Ly, h bably had mad m
difficulty ab ut a claim f m y:
"MY LORD,I humbly tat y u L dhi, ad (if I may u th
d) advi y u L dhi t ma m a btt a. Y u L dhi
i ittd i h u, i th ii f all that ha h I am
dalt ith. If y u L dhi malic m f L g' cau, uly it
a f th jutt bui that v a i Chacy. I ill
av uch it; ad h dly I a tmtd thi, y u L dhi
th bt. Y u L dhi may d ll t thi f y u gav a I
d f mi; ad t ba f had f hat. Ad a f fai
d, it i a id by hich ith y u L dhi ay ma l
ca ail l g. H v, I am th ma that hall giv all du
ct ad vc t y u gat lac.
"20th Ju, 1625.
FR. ST. ALBAN."
Bac alay claimd that h a t "vidicativ." But c idig h
Bih William, h h a L d K, had chagd Bac ith
"avy" ad "dcivig hi cdit " i th aagmt ab ut hi
fi, it i t a littl tag t fid that at th d f hi lif
Bac had c mltly mad fid ith him that h ch him a th
t h m h mat t lav hi ch ad ltt, hich h a
"illig h uld t b l t," ad al th chag f uitdig t

f udati f 200 a ya f Natual Scic at th uiviti. Ad
th Bih acctd th chag.
Th d f thi, f th m t athtic f hit i, a at had; th
d a t th l athtic bcau it cam i h mly a fahi . O
a c ld day i Mach h t d hi c ach i th hi ay t
Highgat, t ty th ffct f c ld i atig utfacti . H b ught
a h f m a ma by th ay, ad tuffd it ith . H a ta
ith a bad chill, hich f cd him t t at a tag h u, L d
Audl', t h m h t hi lat ltta ltt f a l gy f
uig hi h u. H did t it th ltt a a dyig ma. But dia
had fatd him. A f day aft, aly Eat m ig, Ail 9,
1626, h ad aay. H a buid at St. Alba, i th Chuch f St.
Michal, "th ly Chitia chuch ithi th all f ld Vulam."
"F my am ad mm y," h aid i hi ill, "I lav it t m'
chaitabl ch, ad t f ig ati ad th xt ag." S h
did: th bightt, icht, lagt mid but , i th ag hich had
Shaa ad hi fll ; bight ad ich ad lag that
th hav b f ud th h idtify him ith th it f /Hamlt/
ad /Othll /. That i idl. Bac c uld m hav itt th lay
tha Shaa c uld hav hid th tiumh f atual
hil hy. S dd a ca, tha hich
th i hi tim had
gad ad bl aimaim, h v mita, f th gat ad
g d f Eglad; aim f th lagmt f ldg ad tuth, ad
f th bfit f maid. S dd a ca hich had m utd l ly
ad aifully, but lutly, t th hight iacl f
gatgat full f h u ad bfict activityuddly t
lug d t dth h h u ad h ic vabl. S
cl d, i digac ad dia itmt ad glct, th lat ad chat
f a lif hich had bgu bightly, hich had achivd uch mat
tiumh, hich had l t itlf ft i th tagl f iicity
ad vil cut m, hich a difigud ad mad by gat mif tu,
ad till m by gat mita f hi , hich a i may ay
miudt d t ly by hi gati but by himlf, but hich h
lft i th c tat ad alm t uacc utabl faith that it uld b
udt d ad gatly h ud by tity. With all it gl i, it
a th gatt hic, th gatt tagdy, f a ag hich a may.
But i th gl my ad day day f di ad vai h t hich
hi ltt ba it"th ya ad fiv m th ld i miy,"
agai lat, "a l g claig f fiv ya' xiati ad
m "hi itt i hi gat udtaig ad hi iduty v
flaggd. Th Kig did t at hat h ffd, did t at hi
hit i, did t at hi hl ab ut la. Wll, th, h had f
hi hich hi hat a t; ad if th Kig did t at hi
tim, h had th m f himlf. Ev i th buy day f hi
Chacll hi h had ad ad caid th ugh th th /N vum
Ogaum/, hich h ublihd th vy v f hi fall. It a f
th hich uic a ma' , ad v t him hat h ca
d ; ad it had it ffct. Hi mid a v m alt tha i th
ya f advity, hi lab u v m idfatigabl, hi f
xi v m ad vatil ad t g. Bid th
litical itig f gav agumt f hich h f ud tim, th fiv
ya tm ith th ult f . I th ya bf hi dath h
tchd ut c m , i a ltt t a Vtia c dt, Fa
Fulgzi , th fid f Sai, th la f hi gat , hich h
a till buy, th ugh ith fat dimiihig h f ig it
fiihd. T a th f ig c dt, a f f hil hy at
Acy, ad a ditiguihd mathmaticia, Fath Baaza, h had
aid m uti ab ut Bac ' mth d, ad had ad hat a t b
d ith mtahyic, h t i ag ac ldgmt f th itt
hich hi itig had xcitd, ad iitig th aam ut
city, ab v vythig, f th bvati f fact ad f atual
hit y, ut f hich hil hy may b built. But th m t
c mhiv vi f hi itllctual jct i all dicti , "th
fullt acc ut f hi al flig ad dig a a it
hich hav f m hi ," i giv i a ltt t th vabl
fid f hi aly day, Bih Ad, h did a f m th aft
him. Pat, h ay, f hi /Itauati /, "th i mi
judgmt (/i uuam fallit imag /) I d m t tm," ha b
ublihd; but bcau h "d ubt that it fli t high v m'
had," h "t da it d t th " by xaml f
Natual Hit y. H ha lagd ad talatd th /Advacmt/ it
th /D Augmti/. "Bcau h c uld t alt gth dt th civil
that h had b ," h had bgu a La, itmdiat
bt hil hical juiudc ad tchical la. H had h d t
c mil a digt f Eglih la, but f ud it m tha h c uld d
al , ad had laid it aid. Th /Itauati / had c tmlatd th
g d f m "i th d i f atu;" th /La/, thi g d "i
city ad th d i f g vmt." A h d duty t hi c uty,
ad c uld l g d it vic, h mat t d it h u by hi
hit y f Hy VII. Hi /Eay/ but "cati ;" ad
mmbig that all hi itig had hitht "g all it th City
ad it th Tml," h ihd t ma " m blati ," ad
thf had ch a agumt mixd f ligi u ad civil
c idati , th dial gu f "a H ly Wa" agait th Ott ma, hich
h v fiihd, but hich h itdd t ddicat t Ad, "i
ct f u acit ad ivat acuaitac, ad bcau am gt th
m f u tim I h ld y u i cial vc."
Th uti atually t itlf, i gad t a fid f Bih
Ad, What a Bac a gad ligi ? Ad th a, it m
t m, ca admit f d ubt. Th bvi u ad uficial thig t ay
i that hi ligi a but a fficial , a tibut t cut m ad
ii . But it a t . B th i hi hil hical thiig, ad i
th flig f hi mid i th vai u accidt ad ccai f lif,
Bac a a ligi u ma, ith a i u ad gui ligi . Hi
f th tuth ad gat f ligi a a al a hi f
th tuth ad gat f atu; thy itlacd t gth, ad
c uld t b aatd, th ugh thy t b tudid aatly ad
iddtly. Th call, atd th ugh all hi f m th
alit t th lat, /Da Fidl u Fidl ut/, a a aig agait
c fuig th t , but a a at c giti f th claim f ach.
Th lm ligi u d i hich hi fac ad gal tatmt
ft id u ith thagivig ad h ad ay, a m d
f c u; thy bath th iit f th dt c victi . It i tu
that h ta th ligi f Chitd m a h fid it. Th g ud f
blif, th lati f faith t a , th f ud iuii it
th bai f ma' ldg f th Etal ad Iviibl, a ut f
th cicl ithi hich h . What call th hil hy f
ligi i abt f m hi itig. I tuth, hi mid a t
ualifid t gal ith uch uti . Th i ig i hi
itig that h v tid hi tgth agait thm; that h v
cad t g bl th ufac it th hidd thig f mid, ad hat
mid dal ith ab v ad by d th mtahyical difficulti
ad dth, a call thm, hich th i caig, ad hich a
a had t xl ad a dag u t mita a th f c ad
c mbiati f xtal atu. But it d t f ll , bcau h had
t ad all th uti that th hav ad, that h had t
th ught ut hi a abl faith. Hi ligi a t f m vagu
timt: it a th ult f flcti ad dlibat judgmt. It
a th dicimiatig ad itlligt Chuch f Eglad ligi f
H ad Ad, hich had g bac t mthig d ad bl
i Chitiaity tha th ula Calviim f th ali Rf mati ;
ad th ugh tly h til t th ytm f th Paacy, b th
ligi u ad litical g ud, attmtd t judg it ith ldg
ad jutic. Thi dlibat chaact f hi blif i h i th
maabl C fi f Faith hich h lft bhid him: a
cl ly-a d ad bly-xd uvy f Chitia th l gy"a
/umma th l gi/, digtd it v ag f th fit Eglih f
th day h it t fit." "Th ti chm f Chitia
th l gy," a M. Sddig ay, "i c tatly i hi th ught;
udli vythig; dfi f him th limit f huma culati ;
ad, a ft a th c u f iuiy t uch at ay it th b uday
li, v fail t t itlf. Th i hadly ay ccai ay
id f agumt it hich it d t at tim a th
icidtally it duc itlf." D ubtl it a a ligi hich i him
a c matibl, a it ha b i th, ith gav fault f
tmamt ad chaact. But it i im ibl t d ubt that it a
h t, that it lvatd hi th ught, that it a a fug ad tay i
th tim f t ubl.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------CHAPTER VIII.
BACON'S PHILOSOPHY.
Bac a f th m t h m tity f giv a gat dal f
th gat f hat h ha d ad attmtd f tity. It i
idl, ul all h t judgmt i f g , t digui th may
dl abl h tc mig f hi lif; it i ujut t hav mau
f him, ad a th f th ab ut him ad d t him. But it i
t t much t ay that i tm, i h ty, i lab u, i humility,
i vc, h a th m t fct xaml that th ld had yt
f th tudt f atu, th thuiat f ldg. That uch a
ma a tmtd ad fll, ad uffd th Nmi f hi fall, i a
itac f th aful tuth mb did i th tagdy f /Faut/. But hi
gui dv ti , uaid ad aam ut, t a gat ida ad a
gat u f th g d f all gati t c m, mut hild him
f m th iult f P ' fam u ad hall igam. Whatv may hav
b hi i, ad thy may, h ca t hav b th "mat f
maid," h livd ad did, h ldig ualtd, amid tmtati ad
fall, bl a c cti f th u ad callig f hi lif: th
duty ad vic f hlig hi bth t a thy had v yt
lad t . That th ught v lft him; th bligati it im d
v f g tt i th cuh ad hat f bui; th t il,
thal at th tim, hich it had u him i additi t th
bud f ublic lif v fud. N thig divtd him, thig
mad him dai. H a t dic uagd bcau h a t udt d.
Th v a ay i h lif th "/S uvait du but/" a
m ctai ad m aat; ad that bjct a th c d gatt
that ma ca hav. T tach m t i ly xt t maig thm g d.
Th Bac ia hil hy, th f m f th /N vum Ogaum/, th mth d
f ximt ad iducti , a c mm lac, ad mtim lad t a
mic cti f hat Bac did. Bac i, ad i t, th f ud f
m d cic. What Bac blivd c uld b d , hat h h d ad
divid, f th c cti ad dvl mt f huma ldg, a
thig; hat hi mth d , ad h fa thy uccful, i
a th. It uld hadly b utu t ay that th ugh Bac i th
at f m d cic, hi mth d c tibutd thig t it actual
dic vi; ith by ibility c uld thy hav d . Th gat
ad dful hich th ld t him a i th ida, ad t
i th xcuti . Th ida a that th ytmatic ad id xamiati
f fact a th fit thig t b d i cic, ad that till thi
had b d faithfully ad imatially, ith all th aliac ad
all th afguad that xic ad f th ught c uld uggt, all
galiati , all aticiati f m m a ig, mut b
adj ud ad t d; ad futh, that ught th c diti ,
ldg, ctai ad fuitful, by d all that m th imagid,
c uld b attaid. Hi a th faith f th dic v, th imagiati
f th t, th v ic f th ht. But hi a t th ai '
am, th gi' ill, th achitct' cativ. "I ly ud
th clai ," h ay, "but I t t it th battl;" ad ith a
G u tati vy a ith him, h c ma himlf t f
H m' acful hald, , .
Ev h w h f
ss f hs w ps. H

h v s ss h s
b y f
. H v hs w pp s
b
hs mm . H h h mm
b
s
s f h vs whh s
h m s F y s h
h w h ph m . Hs w p s s
m s w ps ; hy
w p wf

p p , b
hy h h
msss f
p s m. C wy mp hm M ss Ps h s

vy h
p ms ; w s b
s s
vy, Nw w s h J sh

wh b p ssss f .
Th f h ps, s ss
, w h
f
ss f s y mp , w s y f m, w s
v s h p p w h B 's h s sf- wh h
w s b
w y-fv. L b , w h s y
f hs f, h
s y w h whh h h
hs
f h" h p
p s my m v w x ; h v f
m v "h m s h w s h "f y y s s h
p
h y
hf
ss y hs m s, whh w h v s
f I by h hh-s
, Th G s B h f
Tm." "Th G s B h f Tm," wh v w s, h s psh,
h
h h m, "P
s Tmp s /M s

s/" h s s
vv,
h s m f m s f
m . B

vy
h h h w s b , , s B s ys, f f y y s w
v p, w h m y h s y h s m. B w s m s
s,
y f s, b
v f h ph ss, m s,
s f sph
whh hy h f sh hm sh p hs m. Th
f
s f hs
m h s m f m fs s , y
xp s m w xp w; hs
v h h w f
, w h h p w
mm mp y
, w w h h p y f m
mh b s hm; h y h f hs w m h
s y q
b
h m s sf p , h xs
ms ph s ph
h w s p
s s h
sss
s f h v
; hs bf h bj
b
m h swp w y f v hs sh m w
h s
pp , y y w
f
b
f h f

; hs ss
h , s w s
sy p
w h f
m
s y h ss
h wss f xs w ph s phy, s w s q
y
sy vs p y ppy w
m h s f
vs s
, whh sh
p by w f
f b
h b
ss f
f
ss. Hs bj h y
h p f
; hs m h , by h m s
mm pv
s sh s f ph s phy, by
s s s
mp s hh-s
s s, b
by ss s f

sy vf
s, s f m h ws f s f
xp s vs whh sh
p v s hmsvs by

vy p s
s hs, f m h,
w h hm f hs ph s ph w s f m h s sh f
hm h w .
H h s s wh w s hs m h L B
hy,
w wh h w s h y- (1590/91), whh h
h h
h " w f hs p v," "p
f 'fv
s
sp
s' 'b xpm s,' h wh v h pp
hm, h m b '
p h m f
h.'" B
h
fs p
b s p h p f hs s w s h p
b
h

m f 1605 f h /Av m f L /, f

b p h xs s fs f h
m
w. Hs v
s, s h s ys h /Av m / sf,
"b
s m ss-w y, h m y p
h w y, b

." B
f m hs m f hs p
p s, hs h
h s y w
s m w . Th /Av m /, p s , w s p b by
h
w . I sh w
, b
y sh w
, h s f hs
p p s f m f ph s ph h
h ; sh w hs ss sf
w h m
h h w s h b s
mp , sh w h
f hs s h ps. B
w s m y y s bf h
f
h s p. A v f v. I 1620, h hh f hs
p sp y, h v f hs f , h p
bsh h m
/N v
m O
m/, h v w h h ph s phs, h
s
m f h
h s vy whh w s p
sh m
s
ps hs, , p s , h pps
f h w m h f h
s f xp whh w s b h y
h p mm f
, , h w h h m h ,
b b
mp xmpf f s p sss.
H w s
mm
p, s w h h m s s m s ss, h

s s whh s
y
f m y w h h
m s q
s h hm. A w h h /N v
m O
m/ w s
h s s, h
h y
, h wh f h v s shm
s p s, bj , m h , m s, s
s, f h
"Is
" f h
m w, h s f p ws s ,
s
s, , , b
v b by h s y, p ,

,
s y.
Th /Is
/, s h p h w , "s b v," s ys
M. Es, " sx p s, f whh h /fs / s
s
vy f h ps s f w. I h /s /,
m b
h h w
s h
s h h
vs f
. I h / h/, h ph m f h
vs b s
p s s
-h
s, s h
m s whh h w m h s b mp y. I h
/f
h/, x mps b v f s p f h
s
s whh s. Th /ff h/ s wh B h
mpsh
ph s phy /w h
/ h f hs w
m h , /x m s
s
q
m q

v hb s
v
/. I s hf ss mp
h h s , B s h h w b hmsf
h
s s whh s. M v, s v
w
h s wh h /sx h/ p b mp , wh
w b s f h h w ph s phy h s

s f h pp
f h w m h h ph m f h
vs. B

mp hs, h s p f h /Is
/, B s
h p; h sp s f s h, / s
p vs
sps
s s /."/W s/, . 71.
Th /N v
m O
m/, sf mpf , w s h w f h h
v . I w s f w (1622) by h p
b , b
p , f m s f h w ph s phy w
p , p

s s sss f bsv s ph m h /Hs y f h
Ws/, h /Hs y f Lf D h/. O hs w p y pp b

p
bsh by hm. A f y, 1623, h b
h
L
y s f h /Av m /; h b s f h
"/D A
m s/." B
h shm w s mp ; p s w
f m ss fsh. M
h h h p
p s w s f
,

h v b y h m.
B
h w s whh h p
bsh ps mpf y h b
sp
h
. Bss hs h m s v s m
f

s
j w , whh sh ws h w w s h
h
, ,
fs f sh h h, s , v p. Sp
h p s,
s, "xpm ss ys s bs,"
ss w h p
sq
m v s, s
h
h b
sy w -sh p; hs fs f s v ss ys h v
hm s m f h fshs m s f
s f ms f hs h
h s.
A m hs ps, sf w h hs w f
mss , s bf hs m hs fs,
mb sf h f y s y "P m" y q
. Hs
q
b m s w sh ws f
s f hs s
h my h y, whh h w
w h

s
y
f m
h p y hs /Ws m f h A s/. T w s h f
hs f h b mb y hs h
h s p s ph s ph
, whh h fsh h /Nw A s/ h m x mp f
hs f
f y f hs p w f sy
s y- .
B w h /Av m / h /N v
m O
m/ (1605-20) m
h

w h b . "H h f y ( b
1607) s h
p f h /G Is
/, b by h m."
Th p , fs h f
vs s, h b f y s
sx.

s h b m f . Ds
p s h b w
.
s m s f m h b ,
b , m f. Pf s w w v h s h
p
p s f h p s y mp s. Th /N v
m O
m/ h b
w w wv ms v. B p hs p ps, w
h

s p f h s f bh hm m
h f h
p ss f hs w , h sh ps whh m
h f w h
h. Th
/Av m / sf s h f-
pf f wh s f

m, m
m y, /Ds
s P s f
K w/, w h ys f Ez b h, s m L h p s
f y , h /C s S H
m /, h m s

s f w, h f
hs y

ph s phy. Ths y ss ys, w h m
h f h s m h s

s , m y f h f v
m s m xms x s
ph ss, whh
pp hs w s h ,
h h
h s f m
s m m s hs w y
h w sp s f w p
p hm. A bf h
/Av m / h h y hs h w b
w b s, whh M. Es sbs s " w h
I p f N
," h " s yp f h /Is
/,"
whh B by h m m f /
s Tm
s/. I
, s s f , whh s
w s s
ps by h
/Av m /, h f h

h f h L /C s/
pp s, xp m f
y ; s s h
fs s h f hs f b m h f wh h s h
"f f h " h s h f T
h, h fs
s f h f
sss f "I s" whh w b s mm b
p f B 's h. A b w h /Av m / h
/N v
m O
m/ s
p
bsh s f s
v, h /s C /, whh h w s mp y,
whh h b
h fsh sh p, f b s
bm hs fs
s, S Th m s B y Bsh p Aws. I s sp f s
b b "mp /s
vb
/," h vw whh h m f
hs f bj s s f h w s m S 1608. A
mb
f f m s s b w ss h f s w h whh
p ssss hm s h h v ph s phs. H
hs h m y s
h s h s f h
m ws m, f m
h y Gs As w h s " vs s;" h
y s
b m f y b
sv. B
h h
h
wsy h hs w s h bs w y f wh h /C mm
s
S

s/ h s hmsf " f

h y s
ss f hs
, / q
m s

s
sps/;" h h /R
Ph s ph
m/
w s f
w s by hs m s
s j
m .
B
hs f m s w ss h mms
w b

bs w h ms f b
sy f hs
; hy s
s ,
, h s
sp h h w s m
h w s f m
p , h

b wh h hs w w
h v b b f
h v b
m s y

s. B
f v m h bj f,
p
s
h
h v p , h
h h p
s pp m , h , w h
w p
sh
f h, w s B , wh h s
h h mp vm f h
m w
"f h y f G h f f m 's s ." I s h
s p f h p h f
f hs f h hs w s
ss w s
s mpf .
Wh fs ms f m h v
, p p
s f B 's
w hs f p p s s h ff s s . Evy h s
h h h mp mp f m f h xs p s
f h
m w, f h m h s by whh w w s b
s
h ; h j hm s v , by h s
s w y
whh hy h b f m, h m f m vb s s

p v ss
mp s m w f f w h h s f
xp; h h s
bs
f f m s , f m b sss
pmss
m pps, m h sys m f

s
sf f f m w bsv xpm ; h h h
s
p h p h whh m s hf h f w, w h s
m z
xh
s s vs, s v s bf
p s
s. W hs B , ss
y
w h
s . A hs s wh w s mb hs vs f h
w f h
h hvm . A hs s wh w s m by h
/R
m H ms/, whh, w h p y s w s whh hs
sh f m, whh h sp y p s hmsf w h, m
h m f h h h
m mp f m v h p ws
f s whh mp ss hm. B
h f hs s m
f
s
mp , s w ys wh w xp ; wh w m
s h w hs w s s m by h s wh , by s f m y w h
s f s h hs y f s f q
s, bs
f j
f , m y s
ps w s
s.
F w f h h s ffs f p xs h v

f wh h . N y vy
f v
b j
m s h v b p ss

p ,
s s
s, sh w
-s, p "
" ph s phy, f
mp s f w h h
m h s p sss whh s m
f hs y h v b h m s f s f s vyb
s
s m f h s wh h v m s m hs
s, w h h ps
v v h v sp p s f
j
s , h v y
m h
s h s s
m m h f w
B 's mp w s f
. I s y D M s L
M
y wh sp
hs ph s ph m. I s y h
p p f mp y H vy, wh w s
y
wh B w s w b
. I s y h m wh f
h hs y f m s h v w h p m s
s, f m by y xp w h h w ys whh
w s hms Lb, phys s C
B s y h
hy f h hp hm B 's m h s. I s y
h x M. Rm
s s hs mp ,
w h s s
ss f
, s h s f Esh, m ssv,
p ss h h s m by ph s ph p h
fm , s
h s C hs p p
f
Ds s Lb z. I s v h mp m s f h
wh m f w, Whw, f w h h ps ss f
h h w ws B , s f h " h
h B 's
m xms s
s m , hs p
pp s
f hs h s, w p y
sss;" ss
m h
B 's m h s h h , mp s f s h
p ss f s
p hs m
, p s
s
/N v
m O
m R v
m/. B
B 's w s h v
y
h ss x m by w s, wh s
f hs mm y s s y ff s h p y s

b , h wss
b b
ss. A M.
Es M. Sp, w h h s vy f
B 's w , m f h w y whh h pf m , m
s f h
s h h f h vy h whh
h w s m s b h s vy f p f
f
w ys f
s f q
y. "B ," s ys M. Sp, "f vs
p b m h f h s vy f h F ms f N
, b
s h
ms v h s f h s.... F h s m s h
f m y s s vy whh h s s p s f h
s ps by whh s h s y y v . Th w
w h whh h h by h h f
h; bf h
h y hs h w s b h m b
w h
."
"Hs p
sys m f ph s phy," s ys M. Sp h
pf , " h s s y, h p
m h f vs , h
"/
m/," h "/f m
/," h "/ vs/," h "/ s ps
p
m/," h "/f
m L by h/," by wh v f
s m y ms w h s h f p ss by whh
h bv m
w f h ws
mm v h p ws f
/ f hs ph s phy w m
h/. If w h v , s b
s w f f
h w
sw. W s

s p f
m hy, vy s
b , b ,
s, b
w h
s
, b
s h w
m y b m
sy h w y."/W s/, . 171.
Wh hs m h y w s s sf m f q
s . M. Es
sp s f s m "b
mpf y pph." H ffs f m
hs f w- b
M. Sp, wh h s
pp ss b s
h s v . M. Es fs mp vm
pf f m hy. M. Sp fs h f m

f "
xpm hs y," v s f
f s vy p m f
, whh w s b m mp
p f hs ph s phy h h /N v
m O
m/ sf. B h f hm
h h s h w , h ff
s f h w w
p hm,

s s hs p s, w m h " h s
xp s f hs m h h wh f hs w s,"
h " hs h s b s
ff y m by h s wh h v sp
f hs ph s phy."
I h fs p , h f
s
m whh h
p p s s
w s ms . Hs bj w s p h
h
m m " v w h hs
" (/
f m
s
m
h
m
m b
s
p m/), hs
y b by
v
m h s. Th s h h
s
f
m ; b
w s m , h s , f h s h f ss f
h
, b
f h h ss f h w y. I w s w m h ,
bs
y ff f m y h w, whh h p p s h
w , whh sh
m w, w h h y
w h h mp f y f hh- . Th I
whh h
m hmsf s h s h h y b w s
h v w q
s. I w s , by vy p ff

p sss, bs
y. A x , w s v vy
h ffs f
p w: w s v ms
p s. I w s v m h s m s f p w whh p
f mp sss vs h h w . "/Abs
y,
mh m f p
/" s ys M. Es, "/s
h h m
sh
b p b f mp y , h w f
s f h
B sys m/." Ths h h
h p ssb, hs h s hmsf
xp
" m h
vs y pp b, ss f b."
I hs h s w h v y h v s mp f hs s vy. "By
hs m h h w whh h h
m m w s p b f
v mh b , w h

ss y b
."
I w s m h f " m s v h , w h h p w f

ms y h s m v." Th p , , f
" A f w," f "Is
" f h ss, f
"C vs" whh sh

h ff
s whh h h
s vy, w s w . Ths mp m h whh sh
b
, whh sh
v p s, whh sh
s w
sh m, h sp f h m f h w
sp s f h S
h, f m R m L
h h h
y
h

s C b s f h sx h. W h B w s s m h
m
h m s
s s b b
sss-. B
s
h m h s
v y b vf; h s s h h v
b; h v m sh ws f
m f B 's p
f h p ssb s f h h
m m h f h s w .
I h x p , h
h h p m whh h v h
f I
w s f h s v s whh s bv
s f h
v , h
h s s bf , w s

b y h m
hs sys m whh v f p w f
h
s f
h
m h
h s vy, hs
f I
w s f f m
mp s sf y. W h

b hmsf b
h h y f
I
, s D Rm
s h s p
, h hmsf w h
ppy s
s h pp s f mm -ss s
s
pp f h
ms s whh w s b mp y. B
v
hs pp s, b s hy w, w s ss, h
q
s f w
s. Th h s wh ff y
y s w p ss f m h p s f B h m hm
ps s f Nw . Hs w m m y w h v b s
by h
y mphsvss f s
h sm m
f p fs s h "P v Is s" f h /N v
m O
m/, s

, y v bf h
s mp sys m z. B

h s v b w hs m h f xpm , hs
"/H
f P /" h h bs f Is s, "/Ps/," "/Abs/"
"/Ds, C mp s s/," p ss f sf
x
s , h /Fs /, bs f h y s y,
f s , M's f
m h s f xpm q
y: h m h f
/ m /, f /ffs/, f /s
s/, f / m
v s/. Th
s whh h m
s b
sy s

sy f I
f w w s whh w s f
b
mp b, s b f s
s s h s
v ph s phs
whh h vsh hs s . H h s f pp s x mps f
wh h m by hs ss-x m sf p sss. As
m s ss-x m sf f s ph m hy
v
b. M y f h bsv s ssf s s
b
s
v. B
hs h s h ms f hm. Thy h
m s m v
s s; hy sh w wh h s . B

hs mp y h p s v
f hm b s w, s
bs v s
sss, s m ms s H
M vy m f
y-
h s, b

w ys
vf. H h y f s mh p ,
h
h w s h s y s ms , f h w y w h h
f s f
. H hm s hs whh h w s y,
s
s h q
s s whh
h b p
hm; w h hs
h f hs m w s sp h
m sss f s
f s f h m s v
s
h y v
, h h
h h w s
m s whh hs m h h y
h
b f h f m hm h
h p w. H h
h h ,
ss, b
, s f m
h bsv
, h b s h w f I
h
s vy f " x ms." D
b ss h m s f hm
hs vs
s m v sf f
p y; h vs
s
shs hm h mp s
ps, ff s f
M , "P v" s s, w h h f m v
s. B
w v f y
s h h w s b m f
hm, v s
s . B v q
y s h
p ms

s ssmb f v h m s f s
v
w,
v s
s h w p , w h
h
hm f h v m, w h
h v f . I

h h w s s f f ss
mp s " p s"
pj
shs b
b w s s m
h h "/
s sb
pmss
s/" h m v b y
ss m h s,
s f, s
h , bs
y svy s
bm sf
h f f s h h mss h
p f h
f m v m hs
f I
. H s
s, ,
h "
h ms s f m h f m f
s ." H
s
h m, h
s f s vs f "Is s," w h
fs "v " f p vs s s. B
f h w y whh
h v m f h s v w s, w h s s sh ,
h
h s h m
ws wh, w h h w h wh
ms bf h y s s by h s
m , h vs
s
p
. C mp hs b vs f h "F m f H "
h /N v
m O
m/, w h s
h f q
y s Ws's
/T s Dw/, Hsh's yss f hs /I

N
Ph s phy/. A f h ff f
s b w F y
Nw , h w f v m wh h v
s fsh ff
h w , h s
. I, h hs h f h f

s
h ff s s pp .
"Th hs m h s mp b," s ys M. Es, " , I

h, b , f w f y h v h s p

y s
, b
s h h p ss by whh s f
hs
h v b s bsh b s ps s v pp b
w h . I ss hs p ss v vs m
whh h sp s h T bs f 'C mp '
'Ex
s ,' my, h pp h f s f bsv f
pp f m , , xs h m f h
s v y h f
. I m y b s h
hs s psy f h /
/ whh h f s f
bsv
h B 's sys m b ys. A hs s
ss
; b
m
s b h hs yss, f b
h
h h s , s f h ss f h s vy
whh s
s f m . I m s ss h f
f ws s
m f
s s s s h pp p h s b

."Es, /G Pf /, . 38.
L s y, y w s B 's p f ph s phy s w s
x
f s s m s; f , s ys M. Es, " b
h B s
ph s phy sm b
wh
w w h
ss," s p s w s m s
h s
bj f hs
v m h ; b
B 's s f w
s f p s w f vy mpf m mpf h
hy
h h v b f hs m. Of p f s,
whh w s j
s h b b
v w h hh p ms f
s
ss h w f h h vsh sp s w h ss
s
sp whh s s m by w h hs ss b
hs
b h sph f h h w h h f h sss. H
h s, f
s, h
y f h w ; h ws f h wh vsb
vs ; b
h h vs, w f
s hy hm,
mp w h h hs
f hs f q
y. H h hs
s m h s; h xp
hm hs "/Dsp G b
I
s/" hs /Thm C / H w s h f
wh w s ys wh C p
s, Kp, G w
w . B
h w h w w h , h w m
E , bf h, wh
s m
h b h h h
p bms h m h s f s my. H h sp

s
s f f m wh
wh h . H w s
m hm : h s h sps b ss y f m hm s
h /Is
/ whh h p j ; h m
h bv
wh hy
. H s b
hm h h s
f N p's v f L hms. H w s b h w
h f m f h sss mh b h y s
b
h , b
sf-v s
s f m y hm .
H w s mp f h s
b s f s m
s; hy
y mp s sfy p bms b
h m f b s h
sy,
s h f phys f ; hy v
s, s P m h
s
v J v, h
s s f h ff, whh w s s
ff s
w h s w
bbsh. H y f s h bf
w h phys s my, m
s b w h m hm y. "I s
w m ," s M. Es s ys, " h f Nw 's s m
s vs
h v b m f s ms h

hmsvs b B 's s
." B h
h h
v h mp ss sf w
b m s
b s
m
mp w h h hps v by m hm s my. I hs,
h w ys, B s b v hs m hs p s f wh /mh
b/, b
f wh /w s/; h s s , s v by M.
Sp (. 511), f h s s whh sh w h h w s
-f m b
h v s f w hs w m. A hs
m w s f wh h m w h mpx ph m .
Th
s, h
h h s
b f spf v s" h y
," s ys M. Es, " f q
v xpm s h w f
hs w s," "w f
y
s h m whh
hy w b ;" y h f
s h
f h
f m
s xpm f Ahms. A s w h h f
s f hs
h s mp ssb f h w mpf y h h m p
hmsf f m h p w f w s f mm pp ssss s; h w f
s h h h f hmsf
h
ms h mp y, h ss
mp s whh h
. Th

s sm h v
hm h h s m f f m y,
ss
f , v v h y. Hs wh f
"F ms" "Smp
s," whh s s p m hs m h f
vs , s x mp f s s vy
s f
x m
s s. H w hmsf h h w

b p ssb
v ph b f
, whh, , w
s
ff
sp
s
s f mb s. H p ,
w h
h w h
b , h f pp s
p ss s s ss h s
.
Hs wh phys y f f h ps f m
sp s, f whh h s h p s q
s s f hy w
s s h vs h b , f whh h vs hs

" h vy b b y h s sp v
v p h ss b y;" " v
, y,

y, y s
h m , b
b y h vsb,
y h v p ms , ." ... " m
b w
f m, whh s m m y, whh s pm ." Y hs
h vy hs f whh h h s
p As h Sh s s
h I sp
s p b s . Th ss f hs
h w s f v by h mms p f
s f v
m whh hs m b
h w h . Th f w s
h h whh v hs bs fs m . I w s m
h h h " s ff, whh h hmsf
bsvs" b w ms, h ff b w ms whh w p
/s s/, h s whh w p /sss/, h
w s, w h
w , f v h fs . I w s h m y
s s h xmpf hs w w h vy f
s whh h
h h ph s phs: h s , ssss, pp y,
s w s w h
h hm
, ss
m w wh h
h
h v pv hs .
Wh , h, w h hs ms s f
s, w ys b
p b, h s v B hs pm p h hs y f
s?
1. Th sw s h w h hs ms s f
s, h pps
whh hs m f w f
w s b s w h
y
s; hy h v bf b p p
s
sys m y, s f
y, s s y. Hs w s h fs m
wh m hs pps h b . M w, h b f s m
m, p
s
h q
s v
s p m s f

psy h p f f
h s bsv f
hs whh h j . Thy h s, s h s w, h f
y f
mp s
ph s phy by m h
, w h

m w h h s s
vf s f xp. I I y, Gm y, E h w
b
s s
ssf
w s, wh h f h b
h
w h
w s h y w y w. B
h y m bf h
w p m hs h h
s- ps, s h y f h y
p h h s s f
, h w hw f v
h
m h s f p h; hs B w h mp s

h y p w whh f . H sp h h
h s f
p s H vy w h ss hss whh hy

mm , whh hy ph ps sm . H s
sp h v
h
h s f hs , whh h m h h

ss f m f m
. Wh B //, , wh
h /m /, sp m s. H /m / f b m h by
whh m sh
b f
y q
pp f s
w h
; h m
ss b mm q
s , w h f
s m. I w s
m
h. H hmsf s w m f wh h /m /
h C
mb
s f Am . B
wh h // w s ps
m f
h f

h h , p , psv ss-x m
f hs, h h
h s b
hm, w s h y, w s h
s
ssf
w. N h y hs, h . Hs
w s w p
b f s, s h
mbs
ss b
h mm p f s bf
f , s w s s
f s hvm s. "Th m wh s w h ppy by
fy b ," s ys D. J hs , "w s s h w
h p b
p w ," h w w s y
sm h smp y h mp f hs h
s sm. B
mpss
p h w f , w h vy s
f s
b
bsv f b s m , h " h m wh s w
by fy b " s s mp ps h w 's
ff s s h b f p w .
2. Y hs s . A f m mh h v m hmsf h
m
hp f h h ps sp s f hs f
s. B
B hs sp s mb hmsvs h f m
f bs b ; whh p ssss f h
wh m , hm f h whh h
q
h,
p ss whh h

; whh, f f y y s, w s
hs y mp , hs y h , hs y b
sss;
whh h w s v f p v fsh m v
h s, f m whh
b
w hm, b
whh s s

m hm sp ;
whh h s s
s
bs v s f
s h, whh hs h
m w s vs by w h sp
m f
h ms f f b. I s hs whh fs s f
xpss h s y ph sms f h /N v
m O
m/,
h v fs f s h /D A
m s/, h m f
h /Nw A s/. I s hs , hs y f w
xp
K m f K w w h h h sp f m , f h w b
h
mb
h p
h
hf

h
py hs

m y f w sys m f h
h , b
f h h
f h w pz p ssss s
h s m h y
m ; hs bf h f
s f h h
m s ss
,
"s
h ss
, m y b, s h ps f hs
m's ms sy b v m ," y m h
vf h w s whh
ys h v s s hs whh vs
s p v B 's w . Th h b
b
h p sss f
I
, h h b

b f /F ms/,
ff h wh s m y f hs , s f
f
ws m -ss, s s b s s , y s

sy
f . Th h b h s
f h p, h
y whh hw
h vs f
. I w s h
ps h p w f b m mm p
s,
b
s ppx fs hs w , whh
p b by sh C 's p h q
f s h mp f
p h mp y f h "Shp f F s," whh xpss s p
f h m wh w h /N v
m O
m/, h s m h " f
/
/ h v w , ws m /w
/ " s hs
whh h s p B m h s vs
f h h
m .
I s hs m v y s

s ss f h v s
p ssb s f h
m w whh, s M. Rm
s m s h
s f s f B 's j
svs B hs m h
f b b
vy h f ss. Tw m s
,
" h m s s f h s wh w," w h
q
s
p h m, m
m h G As h Eshm B . Thy h
vs y mphsvss f h p f h

m
w; hy w bs
y h s
s p
mb w
hs p . I h sp p m s f
h
h , f vs , f , h s f f bh by
mbs f
m, wh hs sp p m s h v f p h hy,
h v s hh, h v b m s
ssf
wh hy mp .
B
As fs , f hs m m s
ssf
y, B f
hm, v
h ps f " w f
h p v;" hs hy s . Ths ps s f
m 's xs , hs h w
, h s whh m
f bs s s, h f
s w h whh m s
q
pp , j y, , h hs w y m s
h
ms s f s
hm hs s wh h w s w,
s h
hy y s b. I s
hs
h y sys m h hy
hm h p wh hy
f hmsvs w h f h
h p w; h w sy ,
h s b v v , y p v s f
y. I s
w, s h wh s p s, s m
s / w/
s m s
bj f s
ssf
h , wh h s
p f . Ths , hs ff , s
shs hs w m.
Th Gspss s, mp s, s
ss s f As w
sp
s, f
f v
s
sss, whh h m

f f w s m b sp p h shms
b w
p f m ; hy v hmsvs m p f by s m
w s
bj s f q
y, m p
y
, w h bs

ff wh mh b s, wh mh b w, f h
s
whh hy w p ss h xs . S m f h
R m s, C Py, h y p ms; b
h R m m w s
h s v f p , w s m h s sf w h p y
s y wh h Gs h f . Th

A b s m wy b
hm; b
h A b s w
ss y sp s, s s
bj s h v b h
xp b; h w s y, p v , h ph s phy,
h m y, h s mys sm, whh sh w h w
hy bv h hy y w. Th v s mh y
s f h sh m v m pp w h h
mms y f h f s f h
v f h m w ; w h
h w f bs h
h , h w f
, w h s f
w hs sq
s, hy h v v h h m h f ss,
f p , f
, f xh
s b ; b
hy w s m
h
s f m h
w , whh w s h s f f, s
f hy h b smb sp s. Th R ss b
h w h
y h s w, b
w mphsvy
p ssb s; b
h w h mp s h w
I
s, w, , f, f s h by s
p ss h
h h M As, m h
h w h h ,

s h s whh m w s
h s
w f
hs; b
G B
, Ts , C mp , h
f ws, w m p b f m h sh fh s, h
h hy
mh b s. I q
m h
hss, m
h
mb-m
s y, m h h m
f h s. A h
h v b m f
vs ms mphsv w s
B , Lb z, G h, H
mb , m wh s h
h s w h m
vywh, wh h w s s m h b w. B
v f hm h
w f w h s w . W sh v s
As B , b
s h s f w h v .
B , As , b f v
, whh w
s w wh h w , f
sh w h w
s
m s. H w h v s v
shm f s vy
hs
w s s w w s whh
s f m , y
vs vy . Ths w w f w h s

m y w ys vy ff f m wh As B s
pp s,
h s b q
by mpm s w p s vy ff ps
p w f m wh hy p
p s y . B
h mb f
p f

s y, w h h
v f
s,
wh h bf , m s q
y s
p
mp h h ss.
3. B h s b h w h b ph s phy w f m h
hh s, s f m m w hmsvs, b h
h f h hhs f m f
h, b
b h p
vy f m
y. I mp s y, s s , h "/ mm v /;" b

h p m v p bms f h
h s
b
sf. I s sf y b
x ssb
,
b
wh s " f h h, hy." B
wh ms h q
s s
whh h v h s h s hs, h q
s ,
wh s h hs wswh s h
f h
f
s by whh m w y h f m

p s b

hmsvs, wh s h s ws
s p ws m s
swh s h m f w s whh

s b
fw xp Tm Sp , B C
s,
s
sss h , h m wB s w h
s s
pf m f hm. B y w s
m phys , x
s . W h w f
f shs
f s

h ppy p , hs m w s f h
p ws whh w h h p p bms f h
h , j
s s w s
f h m hm f
y. Th s
b y, h
, h
p , h sv ps , v h f f m , whh
m m h y bs s
bj w hs; h
s f q
s s whh h s m phys s h
s f hm: h s
s
v
hm. Wh h
hs
h "
m s" f w h s s bs
h b
s
s y f h s s ss S
h I s f hs w , wh sh
w h hm h mb f s
s. C y h s
whh m s s B , h s whh h f
, s h h
h ,
s sp , whh h v s mp
s,
w s phys s. B
phys s m y b p
s

ff w ys, ff mps, w h ff bj s. I m y
b f w h sp f Nw , f B y, f Hsh, f F y;
w h f w h z m y b w f shv
m
sm. B
B 's h z w s w . H
bv G mm y h Chs h p. T hm
h s f h R f M w s b ps, b
s m
w s s b s f hs, b
s h
hs whh h w s b s h w h h s y
hf
ss
w h w s ws f G , b
s w s s sh mf
s
ms b h f m whh
s y -ss

my, h bs f m p ss h ys sf-mp s ss
hpssss. I w s G 's pp m h m sh
h
h
hs hy s f h b. E h s f m 's mys
s
xs h b w h, hs w f s, b

h s mp s ; w s f m 's fs

s f hs s y h h ws whh
h
f
f h y s
h f hm. D
b ss w s f
B 's hhs h ps h f m h w h f
w w

f w s
ps w ys h f f m 's s ; hs, s ,

s h
h hs y f f
s
m h f
p
. Th s b bf , h sp f
symp hy p y f m , h
h hs p f hs
w p y f f s y b
s by h hs f m , p y
f whh mh b sp, p y f p msy whh
mh b v. I h q
b
b
f
p
f
sy,
ss, ws m, whh h m s h /Nw A s/, h
ps v f
ph s phy, h "F h f S m 's H
s," s

s wh "h sp s f h p m." B

ss
s
sm b y v h s p s f f,
b b
sy h ss
hm, B 's ph s phy w s

. I m y sv m y p hs, b
hs . S
h
p ss s h f w whh mb h hhs m vs
s p ss s f h s
, v f
h, h
m y f m, p
y
f p
p s, v f G , symp hy f m , mp ss f h
s ws f h w h hm, p h f v
f hf y ps s h sp whh
s h
h hs w s. Af
h ms
s f m
h y s, h s
"Th s v w b m hs; hs
h, h h; h h s hs f v
f y; p

p h h s ; vy ph s phss
f h
s f hs w m , s
f P 's v; h hh
w s w h m
ss f y, h
, ss h ppy, b

w h q
p y. A w f , by h
f s m
( s hs w ) x m ( h f m s
h v, I s
pp s, b m w s m), h ss f
psb
h s, h
s s mp s
p
h s h y
; s h w (
s h
s sm f C Cs 's y ) h s f Ly
ss by ,
h y s f
h,
h f

h y. Whh f s
sp s x f
ps
s, b
p
s p sp f mp vm . F w py
h s f
fs p s wh w s
ff f . Thy wsh
b G , b
h p s y wsh b v . F w
w s, w m v
, w w h v
h hs / / s
f y w h hy sh
b,
s sms f s h Dv ws m, s hy f
b
f ; I w wh h w m s h f s f

f
w w s; b
w y mpss h s mp f
w m
h
s w s f G , s f f
y x m
s hm h s mp f h C hmsf. Whf
m v

s s s m f f ,
svy; wh s f h f f m s m p w v h

ss f
s w s s f hm h p w f s
b

m hm by
s sy hs
h
h

s , b
s w s b G f w h
s f
w s , w p s. If, hf ,
h b y h
m y w s h C , y v f
sp s m fy Hs w s, y h y f m x y
v hs s ws ss s, y v f
h
,
y h f ss, y s f h p
f f h
s , w m
s m s ,
s s p f wh, hs v pp s
s
ph s phs whh h v pf hss hyp hss,
xp p v,
mph v h w s f G ;
pp h w h h
m y v
h v
m f
C , m h, w h ms w sh
f m p s s
y p
y y. F hs s
h s

whh "w f h s,"

h f
s f B b; hs sh
m s
y b
pf , b m s h s
h ph b f h h s, sp p s s h

v h p h f, b
p
s
s

sy
psv v
h."Pf /Hs N
s/:
s , /W s/, v. 132-3.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------CHAPTER IX.
BACON AS A WRITER.
B 's m b s s s w s ph s phy. I hs w
y, wh v hs mp s h
h f hs /Is
f
K w/, h w s h fs s sp w . S
W R h, s hm w h S sb
y, wh
sp b

w , N h mp , wh
w b
sp , h
h B
m b h s sp w . B J s , p ss vw
h m f m
s ms f hs w h p , f m S Th m s
M S Php Sy, H , Essx, R h, p s B
w h
v h h f h mp y s h m wh h "f
f

mbs," "s s h m f u laguag." Ad h
al c d Bac ' a a a. "N ma," h ay, "v
m atly, m ly, uffd l mti, l idl, i
hat h uttd."..."Hi ha c uld t c ugh l aid f m him
ith ut l . H c mmadd h h , ad had hi judg agy ad
lad at hi dv ti ... th fa f vy ma that had him a
that h h uld ma a d." H tic fatu f hich a
l ad, th ugh that th dg f Bac ' acatic t gu
a flt ad td i Jam' C ut. "Hi ch," ay B J ,
"a bly c i u h h c uld /a ad a by a jt/." Th
u ulaity hich ctaily m t hav gathd ud hi am may
hav had mthig t d ith thi utati .
Yt a a Eglih it Bac did t xct t b mmbd, ad h
hadly cad t b. H t much i Lati, ad hi fit ca a t
hav hi b ut it a Lati d. "F th m d laguag," h
t t T by Matth t ad th cl f hi lif, "ill at tim
a th lay th ba- t ith b , ad ic I hav l t much
tim ith thi ag, I uld b glad if G d uld giv m lav t
c v it ith tity." H atd t b ad by th lad ut f
Eglad, h u d t aciat hi hil hical ida btt
tha hi c utym, ad th ly ay t thi a t hav hi b
talatd it th "gal laguag." H d Pic Chal th
/Advacmt/ i it Lati d. "It i a b ," h ay, "that
ill liv, ad b a citiz f th ld, a Eglih b a t." Ad
h fittd it f c tital adig by cafully dig it f all
aag that might giv ffc t th c at R m Pai. "I
hav b," h it t th Kig, "mi /Idx Exugat iu/, that
it may b ad i all lac. F ic my d f uttig it i Lati
a t hav it ad vyh, it had b a abud c tadicti t
f it i th laguag ad t it u i th matt." Ev th
/Eay/ ad th /Hit y f Hy VII./

g d that d t f a m." Am g
hav b G g Hbt ad H bb, ad
J ad Sld. Th /Eay/ al
Italia ith Bac ' acti .
h had ut it Lati "by m

th talat a aid t
m d ubtful auth ity, B
talatd it Lati ad
Bac ' c tmtu u ad h l timat f "th m d laguag,"

f ty ya aft S had claimd ad jutifid hi faith i hi
laguag, i ly f th f f th h t-ightd f th
it ad th limitati f th lagt-midd. Pha ught t
t d at hi ilc ab ut Shaa. It a th fahi , xct
am g a t f clv but t alay vy utabl l, t thi th
tag, a it a, bl th tic f ch la ad tatm; ad
Shaa t t ubl t av hi f m glct. Yt it i a
cui u dfct i Bac that h h uld t hav b m aliv t th
ad futu f hi laguag. H aly ad all al g a
f udly imd ith th c tat, hich th ch lahi f th ag
abudatly td, f d t thig. H dll i th
/Advacmt/ that "fit ditm f laig, h m tudy d
ad t matt." H illutat it at lag f m th acti f th
laig ad f th ula tachig f th Rf mati agait th
utilitaia ad uclaical tmi l gy f th ch lm; a acti
hich g t xc, ad mad m "hut m aft ch ic f
th ha, ad th ud ad cla c m iti f th tc, ad th
t fallig f th clau," tha aft th f ubjct, ud f
agumt, "lif f ivti dth f judgmt." "I hav td
thi," h ay, "i a xaml f lat tim, but it hath b ad ill
b /cudum maju t miu/ i all tim;" ad h li thi "vaity"
t "Pygmali ' fzy""f t fall i l v ith d hich a but
th imag f matt, i all a t fall i l v ith a ictu." H
a diatifid ith th fit attmt at talati it Lati f th
/Advacmt/ by D. Playf f Cambidg, bcau h "did t
much at ad lit, a cla, maculi, ad at xi ." Yt,
ith thi hatd f cicuml cuti ad tti, f th cl udy
amlificati , ad m u fl uihig, ad "th fl ig ad aty
vi," hich th ch la f hi tim affctd, it i tag that h
h uld t hav that th ida ad idig th ught f hich
h a th hald uld at a much m latic ad m flyig
itumt tha Lati c uld v bc m. It i dful idd hat ca
b d ith Lati. It a l g aft hi day t b th laguag f th
xact cic. I hi /Hit y f th Wid/, hich i full f hi
iibl facy ad ictuu, Bac dcib i cla ad
itlligibl Lati th dtail f th iggig f a m d ma- f-a,
ad th m d f ailig h. But uch ta im a y , mtim a
ugh , a laguag hich ha "ta it ly" i vy difft
c diti , ad f hich th giu i that f idict ad cicuit u
xi , "full f majty ad cicumtac." But it v, v i
th day f ch lahi, c uld ld itlf t th fa, th
taightf ad, th ful ad had f uggti ad
a ciati , ith hich, i hadlig ida f ubtlty ad difficulty, a
it uld ih t a t hi ad, ad hich h c uld fid ly
i hi m th t gu. It might hav b th ught that ith Bac '
c tmt f f m ad cm y i th matt, hi c ci u f th
f Eglih i hi had might hav ld him t aticiat that a
flxibl ad ich ad t g laguag might cat a litatu, ad
that a litatu, if th tudyig, uld b tudid i it
laguag. But gat a chag a by d v hi daig th ught. T
him, a t hi ag, th ly af laguag a th Lati. F familia
u Eglih a ll ugh. But it c uld t b tutd; "it uld lay
th baut ith b ." Ad yt Galil a itig i Italia a ll
a i Lati; ly ithi tty-fiv ya lat, Dcat a itig

/D la Mth d/, ad Pacal a itig i th am Fch i hich h
t th /P vicial Ltt/, hi /N uvll Exic t uchat l
Vid/, ad th c t vial amhlt hich f ll d it; h ig h i
that itval f fiv-ad-tty ya a itumt had b fahi d
ut f a m d laguag uch a f lucid xi ad cla
a ig, Bac had t yt damd f. F m Bac t Pacal i th
chag f m th ld citific ay f itig t th m d; f m a
m d laguag, a lad ad ud i th 16th ctuy, t lad
i th 17th.
But th laguag f th ag f Elizabth a a ich ad bl , ad
it achd a high it i th had f Bac . I hi had it lt
itlf t may u, ad aumd may f m, ad h valud it, t
bcau h th ught highly f it ualiti a a laguag, but bcau it
abld him ith lat t ubl "t a a h uld," i th ig ff
th abudat th ught that ithi hi mid, ad i g ig th ugh
th vaity f bui hich c uld t b d i Lati. But i all hi
itig it i th matt, th al thig that h atd t ay, hich
a um t. H cad h it a aid, t f th a f f m
amt, but bcau th f c ad cla f hat a aid ddd
much h it a aid. Of c u, hat h atd t ay vaid
idfiitly ith th vai u ccai f hi lif. Hi bui may
mly b t it "a dvic" agyic f a agat i th Qu'
h u, f th vl f Gay' I. But v th tifl a th
ult f al th ught, ad a full f idaida ab ut th h f
ldg ab ut th licy f th Stat; ad th ugh, f c u, thy
hav lty f th fl uih ad uait abuditi idiabl
uch ccai , yt th "ht ical affctati " i i th thig itlf,
ad t i th ay it i hadld; h had a tuity f ayig m
f th thig hich t him f d ad tual itt, ad h
ud it t ay thm, a f cibly, a tiigly, a attactivly a h
c uld. Hi ma f itig dd, t a tyl, a tudid
acuid habit, but th atu f th ta hich h ha i had.
Evyh hi matt i cl t hi d, ad g v, aimat,
if m hi d. N i Eglad bf had much a h had th
t ay hat h atd t ay, ad xactly a h atd t ay it.
N a littl at th mcy f c vti al laguag cut may
ht ic, xct h h uadd himlf that h had t ubmit t
th citi f flatty, hich c t him at lat da.
Th b by hich Eglih ad, f m hi tim t u, hav
him bt, btt tha by th igiality ad th l uc f th
/Advacmt/, tha by th litical ight ad hit ical
imagiati f th /Hit y f Hy VII./, i th fit b hich h
ublihd, th v lum f /Eay/. It i a itac f hi lf-illd
but m t ilful u f th fd m ad a hich th "m d
laguag," hich h did, gav him. It i bvi u that h might hav
xadd th "C ul, m al ad litical," t th iz hich uch
ay ud t ll t aft hi tim. May l uld hav thad
him f d ig ; ad m hav th ught it a g d b hich t hag
thi flcti ad illutati . But h a h much c uld b
d by lavig th bat tac f t tati ad dic u, ad
ttig d ucm i uly th bvati hich h had mad, ad th
al ul hich h had flt t b tu, vai u actical matt
hich c m h m t m' "bui ad b m." H a vy f d f
th m al ad litical galiati , b th f hi c llctig
ad a f ud i it h , h th ught, had th ight t ma thm,
li th Lati f th Emi ad th Italia ad Saiad f th
Raiac. But a m tig f maxim ad u tati uld hav b
a thig ad t ; ad h cat hat h had t ay it c ctd
h l. But thig ca b m l tha th tuctu f th ay.
Th i at, tyl, alm t, xct i a fth litical
d: th ught a ut d ad lft uu td, u vd,
udvl d. I th fit f m f th t, hich c m d th fit
diti f 1597, thy a m li t f aalyi tabl f
c tt; thy a aut v t mag. But th gal chaact
c tiu i th lagd ad xadd f Bac ' lat ya. Thy
a li chat i Ait tl' Ethic ad Rht ic vitu ad
chaact; ly Bac ' ta Ait tl' b ad maig li a da,
ad cd ith th ubtl ad m fid bvati f a much
l g ad id xic. But th h t a ay hat thy hav
t ay ith ut fac, ad i litay ud, ith ut a uflu u
d, ith ut th j it ad bad f tuctu; thy ay it i bif,
aid tc, hich c m d , tc aft tc, li th
t f a gat hamm. N d that i thi didaiful bvity
thy m uggd ad abut, "ad d t m t d, but fall." But
ith thi tuth ad icig ad dlicacy f bvati , thi
ugh giv a id f flav u hich lab ati c uld giv. It i
th l that thi id m i f a mhat cyical id, fully
aliv t th lii ad lf-dcit ad faithl hich a
i th ld ad ath iclid t b amud at thm. I m ca
ditict c d f th it' xic: c tai th
ubtac f a chag dlivd t Judg Hutt hi a itmt;
a th f thm i a tch da f m lif f a chaact hich had
c d Bac ' ath, ad i th ay /Smig Wi/ ca tac
f m th imatit t ut d i hi /C mmtaiu S lutu/, th
ictu f th ma h t d i hi ay, th Att y-Gal H bat.
S m f thm a mm abl acula uttac t iaduat t th
ubjct, /Tuth/ /Dath/ /Uity/. Oth val a utt
icaacity t c m a a ubjct, xct a a tag xtal
h ma, li th ay /L v/. Th i a ditict tdcy i
thm t th Italia ch l f litical ad m al id m, th id m f
ditut ad f liac idict ad udab ut ay. Th i a
g u f thm, " f /Dlay/," " f /Cuig/," " f /Wid m f a Ma'
Slf/," " f /Datch/," hich h h vigilatly ad t hat u
h had atchd th tau ad ctai ad itigu f
Elizabth' ad Jam' C ut; ad th a cui u lf-vlati ,
a i th ay /Fidhi/. But th a al cut f btt
ad lag flig, uch a th hich h hi idal f "/Gat
Plac/," ad hat h flt f it dag ad duti. Ad mixd ith th
fatatic tat ad c cit f th tim, th i vidc i thm f
Bac ' dlight i atu, i th bauty ad ct f fl , i
th cham f -ai lif, a i th ay /Gad/, "Th ut f
huma lau, th gatt fhmt t th iit f ma."
But h had a th ma f itig f hat h hld t b hi m
i u . I th hil hical ad hit ical th i at
f attti t th fl ad d ad amt f c m iti . Wh
c m t th /Advacmt f Laig/, c m t a b hich i f
th ladma f hat high th ught ad ich imagiati hav mad f th
Eglih laguag. It i th fit gat b i Eglih f cula
itt; th fit b hich ca claim a lac bid th /La f
Eccliatical P lity/. A gad it ubjct-matt, it ha b
atly th it th had by th gatly lagd ad lab at f m
i hich it ultimatly aad, i a Lati d, a th fit ti
f th chm f th /Itauati /, th /D Augmti Scitiaum/.
Bac l d it a a fit ff t, a id f call-bll t aa ad
attact th itt f th i th th ught ad h hich
ittd himlf. But it c tai m f hi fit itig. I th
/Eay/ h it a a l - at th gam f huma affai, h ,

acc dig t hi fut illutati , m f it tha th
gamt thmlv, ad i abl t giv i ad faithful c ul,
t ith ut a t uch f idly i y at th mita hich h bv.
I th /Advacmt/ h i th thuiat f a gat cau ad a gat
h , ad all that h ha f ai ad i litd i th ff t
t advac it. Th /Advacmt/ i fa f m big a fct b . A a
uvy f th actual tat f ldg i hi day, f it dficici,
ad hat a atd t uly thm, it i t v u t th matial
f th tim. Ev th im vd /D Augmti/ i iaduat; ad th
i a t thi th /Advacmt/ a a huid b , at lat i th
lat at, ad it i dfctiv i aagmt ad ti f at.
T
f th gat divii f ldghit y ad tya
datchd i c maativly h t chat; hil i th divii
"Civil K ldg," huma ldg a it ct city, h it a
l g ay, bvi uly c mlt i itlf ad clumily thut i h,
th ay f gttig i th ld, th ma by hich a ma may b
"/Fab f tu u/"th achitct f hi ucc; t livly a
ictu t b laat f th at ith hich h had bc m acuaitd
i th c f iig. Th b , t , ha th blmih f it
tim; it at f imlicity, it ivitabl th ugh vy ft amuig
ad cui u dati. But th /Advacmt/ a th fit f a l g
li f b hich hav attmtd t tach Eglih ad h t thi
f ldg; t ma it ally ad itlligtly th itt, t f
th ch l th tudy th lab at y ly, but f city at lag.
It a a b ith a u , th, but f hich hav th
fulfilmt. H atd t im hi gati , a a vy actical
matt, all that ldg might d i i had, all that ldg
had l t by th fault ad f m ad th mif tu f tim,
all that ldg might b uhd t i all dicti by faithful ad
atit iduty ad ll-lad mth d f th lvati ad bfit
f ma i hi hight caaciti a ll a i hi humblt. Ad h
futh ught t tach thm /h / t ; t ma thm udtad that
difficult achivmt f lf- ldg, t /hat it i/ t ;
t giv th fit attmtd chat t guid thm am g th hall ad
c ad hil l hich bt th c u ad acti f th ught ad
iuiy; t val t thm th "id l" hich uc ci uly haut th
mid f th t gt a ll a th at, ad it thi
dlui h a lat aa"th fallaci ad fal aaac
iaabl f m u atu ad u c diti f lif." T iduc m t
bliv t ly that th a much t that a t yt damd
f, but that th ay f ig dd al ad th ugh im vmt;
that th ig mid b al g ith it all id f a ad
diualificati f hich it i uc ci u; ad that it dd
taiig uit a much a matial t , a th bjct f th
/Advacmt/. It a but a tch; but it a a tch tuly ad
f cibly da, that it mad a imi hich ha v b
ad. T u it u ad alm t it itt i ad. But it i a
b hich ca v ith ut c mig m bl ittati
f th aliti f atu th mid; m uxctd dic vy f
that uic ad y hich at u by it tuth; m flicit u
ad uth ught- f illutati , yt atual a alm t t b d md t
bc m a c mm lac; m bight t uch f hi ic igibl
imagiativ, v ady t f c itlf i amid th dit dtail
f hi agumt.
Th /Advacmt/ a ly ha ut f may it hich h cat hi
th ught. Bac a t aily atifid ith hi ; v h h
ublihd h did , t bcau h had b ught hi t th did
it, but lt aythig h uld ha t him ad it h uld "ih."
Eay ad utudid a hi itig m, it a, a hav , th
ult f uitmittd t ubl ad vaid m d f ig. H a
uit a much a tal a a it, ad bat ut hi th ught it ha
i talig. I th ay /Fidhi/ h dcib th c ith a
vivid hich tll f hi xic
"But bf y u c m t that [th faithful c ul that a ma
civth f m hi fid], ctai it i that h v hath hi
mid faught ith may th ught, hi it ad udtadig d
claify ad ba u i th c mmuicatig ad dic uig ith
a th. H t th hi th ught m aily; h mahallth thm
m dly; h th h thy l h thy a tud it
d; fially, h axth i tha himlf, ad that m by a
h u' dic u tha by a day' mditati . It a ll aid by
Thmit cl t th Kig f Pia, 'That ch a li cl th f
aa d ad ut ab ad, hby th imagy d th aa i
figu; ha i th ught thy li i ac.' Nith i thi
c d fuit f fidhi, i ig th udtadig, taid
ly t uch fid a a abl t giv a ma c ul. (Thy a,
idd, bt.) But v ith ut that, a ma lath f himlf, ad
bigth hi th ught t light, ad httth hi it agait a
t hich itlf cut t. I a d, a ma btt lat
himlf t a /tatua/ a ictu, tha t uff hi th ught t
a i m th."
Bac , a ha b aid, a a gat ma f t ad t-b : h
a caful t f th th ught ly, but f th vy d i hich it
td itlf; vythig a c llctd that might tu ut uful i
hi itig aig, d t altativ m d f bgiig
c ctig dig a tc. H atchd v hi itllctual
aliac ad uc much m tictly tha v hi m y
c c. H v th aay ad v f g t hat c uld b tud t
acc ut. H a v afaid f atig himlf, if h th ught h had
mthig at t ay. H a v tid f catig ad itig,
f m a m fagmt fac t a fiihd a. H ha fav uit
imag, fav uit maxim, fav uit txt, hich h ca t d ith ut.
"/Da Fidi u ut Fidi/" c m i f m hi fit b t hi lat.
Th illutati hich h gt f m th myth f Scylla, f m Atalata'
ball, f m B gia' ayig ab ut th Fch maig thi l dgig ith
chal, th ayig that G d ta dlight, li th "i ct lay f
child," "t hid hi i d t hav thm f ud ut," ad t
hav ig a "hi layfll i that gam," th, ith may th,
aa, h v vaid th c txt, f m th fit t th lat f hi
c m iti . A diti f Bac , ith magial fc ad aalll
aag, uld h a m itt cuc f chaactitic
illutati ad tc tha ha ay th it.
Th /Advacmt/ a f ll d by attmt t giv i u ffct t it
l . Thi a aly all d i Lati. H did , bcau i th
h t a lag ad, a h th ught, m ittd audic;
th u f Lati mad th gavity f hi ubjct a that t uchd
all maid; ad th majty f Lati uitd hi tat ad hi th ught.
Bac , idd, imivly th city f tig it th
alm f ldg i th iit f a littl child. H dlt th
aam ut im tac f bgiig f m th vy b tt m f th cal f
fact, f udtadig th c mm lac thig at u ft, full f
d ad myty ad itucti , bf vtuig th i. Th
u i t llutd by hiig a dughill, ad fact t
ig bl t b bath th tic f th tu tudt f atu. But hi
giu a f th gadu ad m f gal vi. Th actical
dtail f ximtal cic , xct i atial itac, yt a

gat ay ff; ad hat th a, h ith did t ca ab ut
ally udtad, ad had atitud f hadlig. H ugh t
giv ality t hi agumt; h , ad iitd it, that th
lab u f bvati ad ximt uld hav t b vy havy ad
uit idiabl. But hi bui a ith gat icil ad
tuth; th hat had th al attacti f him; it a th
magifict th ught ad b udl h f th a achig "igd m f
ma" hich idld hi imagiati ad fid hi ambiti . "H it
hil hy," aid Havy, h had c m t hi gat dic vy
th ugh atit ad bcu ximt f g ad m y"h it
hil hy li a L d Chacll ." Ad f thi at f th , th
tatli ad digity f th Lati c dd t th ud claim
hich h mad f hi c cti f th ldg hich a t b.
Eglih md t him t h mly t x th h f th ld, t
utabl t b tutd ith thm. Lati a th laguag f c mmad ad
la. Hi Lati, ith ut lavig itlf t Cic ia ty, ad ith a
f ifui f baba u but m t c vit d f m th vat ad
igi u tmi l gy f th ch lm, i igulaly f cibl ad
xiv. It i alm t alay ay ad cla; it ca b vagu ad
gal, ad it ca b vy ci h cii i atd. It ca,
ccai , b magifict, ad it gavity i c tiually livd by
th lay u it, a u a bacg ud, f hi ictuu ad
uxctd faci. Th x iti f hi hil hical icil a
attmtd i t f m. H bga i Eglih. H bga, i th ha f a
al acc ut, a tatmt f a i f c clui t hich hi
thiig had b ught him, hich h calld th "Clu f th Labyith,"
/Filum Labyithi/. But h laid thi aid ufiihd, ad t ad
c mltd it i Lati, ith th titl /C gitata t Via/. It gai by
big i Lati; a M. Sddig ay, "it mut ctaily b c d
am g th m t fct f Bac ' ducti ." Th al f m ith
ach aagah bgi ad d. "/Facicu Bac ic c gitavit/ ...
/itau vium t i/" giv t it a cial t f i u c victi ,
ad big th itt f th ubjct m ly t th ad. It ha
th am id f al itt, ly m lm ad c mmadig,
hich th i i Dcat' /Dic u d la Mth d/. I thi f m
Bac mat at fit t ublih. H t it t hi uual citic, Si
Th ma B dly, T by Matth, ad Bih Ad. Ad h mat t
f ll it u ith a actical xmlificati f hi mth d. But h
chagd hi la. H had m tha c xd hi fc f th
f m f /ah im/ v th agumtativ ad didactic c tiuity f a
t dic u. H had, idd, alady tic bgu a i f ah im
th tu mth d f ittig atu, ad dictig th mid i
th tu ath f ldg, ad had bgu thm ith th am fam u
ah im ith hich th /N vum Ogaum/ . H vtd t th
f m f th ah im, ad lvd t th th matial f th
/C gitata t Via/ it thi ha. Th ult i th /N vum Ogaum/.
It c tai, ith lag additi , th ubtac f th tati, but
b u ad aagd i th f m f aat im al
galid bvati . Th it ad ati ad iu hich, i
a c tiu u dic u, caful ad ma ad cal mi, a
by icd ut ad b ught aatly t th light. It bgi
ith bif, acula, u vd maxim ad iti , ad g
gadually it lag dvl mt ad xlaati . Th ah im a
mat t ti, t aa uti , t ditub judic, t lt i
light it a t f uuctd itllctual c fui ad
lf-miudtadig, t b th m tt ad atch d f may a
lab i u ad difficult iuiy. Thy f m a c ctd ad dd
chai, th ugh th ti bt ach li a t giv. I thi ay
Bac ut f th hi clamati f a all that th calld itlf
cic; hi a ucmt that th h l f lid ldg mut b

bgu afh, ad by a , ad, a h th ught, ifallibl mth d. O
thi Bac c ctatd all hi ca. It a tlv ya i had,
ad tlv tim udt hi vii . "I th fit b cially,"
ay M. Elli, "vy d m t hav b cafully ighd; ad it
uld b had t mit chag aythig ith ut ijuig th maig
hich Bac itdd t c vy." Sv a it i, it i itict ith
thuiam, mtim ith ai . Th Lati i hich it i itt
a t it; it ha th c ci, th badth, th l dli f a
gat ic f hil hical lgilati .
Th ld ha agd t dat f m Bac th ytmatic f m f atual
hil hy, th bgiig f a itlligt attmt, hich ha b
c d by uch igal ucc, t lac th ivtigati f atu
a lid f udati . O uly citific g ud hi titl t thi gat
h u may ui c idabl ualificati . What thig, it i
ad, uld t hav b dic vd i th ag f Galil ad Havy,
if Bac had v itt? What citific dic vy ca b tacd
t him, t th bvac f hi culia ul? It a mthig,
idd, t hav c civd, a claly a h c civd it, th lag ad
c mhiv ida f hat atual ldg mut b, ad mut t
u , v if h t abl t ali hi ida, ad mita i
hi actical mth d f f m. But gat ida ad gat icil
d thi aduat itt, thi /vat ac/, if thy a t
ifluc th hit y f maid. Thi a hat Bac a t cic, t
that gat chag i th th ught ad activity f m i lati t th
ld f atu a ud thm: ad thi i hi titl t th gat lac
aigd t him. H t ly udt d ad flt hat cic might b,
but h a abl t ma thad it a ay ta bf had, hil
th d f dic vy yt i th futuudtad ad fl it
t . Ad h a abl t d thi bcau h a f th m t dful
f thi ad f th gatt f it. Th dicl u, th
ittati , th dvl mt f that gat itllctual v luti
hich a i th ai, ad hich a actically caid f ad i
bcuity, day by day, by th fath f m d at my ad chmity
ad hyi l gy, had fall t th ta f a giu, c d ly t
Shaa. H had th t tll th t y f hat thy d ig
ad t d ith a f c f imagiativ a f hich thy
uttly icaabl. H a abl t jutify thi attmt ad thi h
a thy thmlv c uld t. H a abl t itt th ld i th
gat ct ig it, but f hich but a f tudt had
th y. Th calculati f th at m, th ivtigati f th
hyicia, m l a ubjct f tal, a cui u ibly
uful ml ymt. But that hich b ud thm t gth i th uity f
cic, hich gav thm thi maig by d thmlv, hich aid
thm t a high lvl ad gav thm thi al digity am g th
uuit f m, hich f cd all thiig m t hat ad
uuctd ibiliti i th ldg ad i th c diti f
maid d bf thm, a t Bac ' attmt at
cic, t v hi c llcti f fact ad hi ul f mth d, but
that gat ida f th ality ad b udl th f ldg hich
Bac ' tatig ad u ituiti had dicd, ad hich had
ta i f hi h l atu. Th imul hich h gav t th
g f cic cam f m hi magifict ad vaid x iti f
thi ida; f m hi i f gad ad mm abl galiati th
habit ad fault f th huma mid th difficult ad yt bvi u
ad atual cauti cay t guid it i th tu ad h ful
tac. It cam f m th attactiv, th thuiam, ad th
uaiv f th ladig; f m th cla ad f cibl tatmt,
th utaid l uc, th g u h , th d ad at
u f th /Advacmt/ ad th /D Augmti/; f m th bl,

th igiality, th ictuu, th imiv ad iitibl
tuth f th gat ah im f th /N vum Ogaum/.
THE END
-----------------------------------------------------------------------FOOTNOTES:
*[1]* <#f t ttag1> /P mu/: ditd by M. H. P tt, . 475.
*[2]* <#f t ttag2> D. M zly.
*[3]* <#f t ttag3> /Calda
f Stat Pa/ (d mtic), Mach 24, 1621.
*[4]* <#f t ttag4> /C mm ' J ual/, Mach 17, Ail 27; iii. 560,
594-6.
*[5]* <#f t ttag5> /C mm ' J ual/, iii. 578. I hi c y f th
/N vum Ogaum/, civd /x d auct i/, C t th am d.
"/Auct i c ilium/.
Itaua aa vtum d cumta h um:
Itaua lg jutitiamu iu."
H addd, ith allui t th hi i th f tiic
Ogaum/,
f th /N vum
"It dvth t t b ad i ch l,

But t b fightd i th hi f F l."
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ed f th P jct Gutbg EB
f Bac , by Richad William Chuch
*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK BACON ***

***** Thi fil h uld b amd 13888-h.htm 13888-h.zi *****
Thi ad all a ciatd fil f vai u f mat ill b f ud i:
htt://.gutbg.t/1/3/8/8/13888/
P ducd by Julit Suthlad, Michal Puch ad th PG Oli
Ditibutd P fadig Tam.
Udatd diti ill lac th vi u --th
ill b amd.
ld diti
Catig th f m ublic d mai it diti ma that

a Uitd Stat c yight i th , th F udati
(ad y u!) ca c y ad ditibut it i th Uitd Stat ith ut
mii ad ith ut ayig c yight yalti. Scial ul,
t f th i th Gal Tm f U at f thi lic, aly t
c yig ad ditibutig P jct Gutbg-tm lct ic t

tct th PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm c ct ad tadma. P jct
Gutbg i a gitd tadma, ad may t b ud if y u
chag f th B , ul y u civ cific mii . If y u
d t chag aythig f c i f thi B , c mlyig ith th
ul i vy ay. Y u may u thi B f aly ay u
uch a cati f divativ , t, f mac ad
ach. Thy may b m difid ad itd ad giv aay--y u may d
actically ANYTHING ith ublic d mai B . Rditibuti i
ubjct t th tadma lic, cially c mmcial
ditibuti .
*** START: FULL LICENSE ***

THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE
PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK
T tct th P jct Gutbg-tm mii f m tig th f
ditibuti f lct ic , by uig ditibutig thi
( ay th a ciatd i ay ay ith th ha "P jct
Gutbg"), y u ag t c mly ith all th tm f th Full P jct
Gutbg-tm Lic (availabl ith thi fil li at
htt://gutbg.t/lic).
Scti 1. Gal Tm f U ad Rditibutig P jct Gutbg-tm
lct ic
1.A. By adig uig ay at f thi P jct Gutbg-tm
lct ic , y u idicat that y u hav ad, udtad, ag t
ad acct all th tm f thi lic ad itllctual ty
(tadma/c yight) agmt. If y u d t ag t abid by all
th tm f thi agmt, y u mut ca uig ad tu dt y
all c i f P jct Gutbg-tm lct ic i y u i .
If y u aid a f f btaiig a c y f acc t a P jct
Gutbg-tm lct ic ad y u d t ag t b b ud by th
tm f thi agmt, y u may btai a fud f m th
tity t h m y u aid th f a t f th i aagah 1.E.8.
1.B. "P jct Gutbg" i a gitd tadma. It may ly b
ud a ciatd i ay ay ith a lct ic by l h
ag t b b ud by th tm f thi agmt. Th a a f
thig that y u ca d ith m t P jct Gutbg-tm lct ic
v ith ut c mlyig ith th full tm f thi agmt. S
aagah 1.C bl . Th a a l t f thig y u ca d ith P jct
Gutbg-tm lct ic if y u f ll th tm f thi agmt
ad hl v f futu acc t P jct Gutbg-tm lct ic
. S aagah 1.E bl .
1.C. Th P jct Gutbg Litay Achiv F udati ("th F udati "
PGLAF), a c milati c yight i th c llcti f P jct
Gutbg-tm lct ic . Naly all th idividual i th
c llcti a i th ublic d mai i th Uitd Stat. If a
idividual i i th ublic d mai i th Uitd Stat ad y u a
l catd i th Uitd Stat, d t claim a ight t vt y u f m
c yig, ditibutig, f mig, dilayig catig divativ
bad th a l g a all fc t P jct Gutbg
a m vd. Of c u, h that y u ill u t th P jct
Gutbg-tm mii f m tig f acc t lct ic by

fly haig P jct Gutbg-tm i c mliac ith th tm f
thi agmt f ig th P jct Gutbg-tm am a ciatd ith
th . Y u ca aily c mly ith th tm f thi agmt by
ig thi i th am f mat ith it attachd full P jct
Gutbg-tm Lic h y u ha it ith ut chag ith th.
1.D. Th c yight la f th lac h y u a l catd al g v
hat y u ca d ith thi . C yight la i m t c uti a i
a c tat tat f chag. If y u a utid th Uitd Stat, chc
th la f y u c uty i additi t th tm f thi agmt
bf d l adig, c yig, dilayig, f mig, ditibutig
catig divativ bad thi ay th P jct
Gutbg-tm . Th F udati ma tati c cig
th c yight tatu f ay i ay c uty utid th Uitd
Stat.
1.E. Ul y u hav m vd all fc t P jct Gutbg:
1.E.1. Th f ll ig tc, ith activ li t , th immdiat
acc t , th full P jct Gutbg-tm Lic mut aa mitly
hv ay c y f a P jct Gutbg-tm (ay hich th
ha "P jct Gutbg" aa, ith hich th ha "P jct
Gutbg" i a ciatd) i accd, dilayd, f md, vid,
c id ditibutd:
Thi B i f th u f
alm t ticti hat
-u it ud th tm f
ith thi B li at
ay ayh at c t ad ith

v. Y u may c y it, giv it aay
th P jct Gutbg Lic icludd
.gutbg.t
1.E.2. If a idividual P jct Gutbg-tm lct ic i divd

f m th ublic d mai (d t c tai a tic idicatig that it i
td ith mii f th c yight h ld), th ca b c id
ad ditibutd t ay i th Uitd Stat ith ut ayig ay f
chag. If y u a ditibutig vidig acc t a
ith th ha "P jct Gutbg" a ciatd ith aaig th
, y u mut c mly ith ith th uimt f aagah 1.E.1
th ugh 1.E.7 btai mii f th u f th ad th
P jct Gutbg-tm tadma a t f th i aagah 1.E.8
1.E.9.
1.E.3. If a idividual P jct Gutbg-tm lct ic i td
ith th mii f th c yight h ld, y u u ad ditibuti
mut c mly ith b th aagah 1.E.1 th ugh 1.E.7 ad ay additi al
tm im d by th c yight h ld. Additi al tm ill b lid
t th P jct Gutbg-tm Lic f all td ith th
mii f th c yight h ld f ud at th bgiig f thi .
1.E.4. D t uli dtach m v th full P jct Gutbg-tm
Lic tm f m thi , ay fil c taiig a at f thi
ay th a ciatd ith P jct Gutbg-tm.
1.E.5. D t c y, dilay, f m, ditibut ditibut thi
lct ic , ay at f thi lct ic , ith ut
mitly dilayig th tc t f th i aagah 1.E.1 ith
activ li immdiat acc t th full tm f th P jct
Gutbg-tm Lic.
1.E.6. Y u may c vt t
ad ditibut thi i ay biay,
c md, mad u, itay itay f m, icludig ay

d cig hytxt f m. H v, if y u vid acc t
ditibut c i f a P jct Gutbg-tm i a f mat th tha
"Plai Vailla ASCII" th f mat ud i th fficial vi
td th fficial P jct Gutbg-tm b it (.gutbg.t),
y u mut, at additi al c t, f x t th u, vid a
c y, a ma f x tig a c y, a ma f btaiig a c y u
ut, f th i it igial "Plai Vailla ASCII" th
f m. Ay altat f mat mut iclud th full P jct Gutbg-tm
Lic a cifid i aagah 1.E.1.
1.E.7. D t chag a f f acc t , viig, dilayig,
f mig, c yig ditibutig ay P jct Gutbg-tm
ul y u c mly ith aagah 1.E.8 1.E.9.
1.E.8. Y u may chag a a abl f f c i f vidig
acc t ditibutig P jct Gutbg-tm lct ic vidd
that
- Y u ay a yalty f f 20% f th g fit y u div f m
th u f P jct Gutbg-tm calculatd uig th mth d
y u alady u t calculat y u alicabl tax. Th f i
d t th f th P jct Gutbg-tm tadma, but h
ha agd t d at yalti ud thi aagah t th
P jct Gutbg Litay Achiv F udati . R yalty aymt
mut b aid ithi 60 day f ll ig ach dat hich y u
a ( a lgally uid t a) y u i dic tax
tu. R yalty aymt h uld b claly mad a uch ad
t t th P jct Gutbg Litay Achiv F udati at th
add cifid i Scti 4, "If mati ab ut d ati t
th P jct Gutbg Litay Achiv F udati ."
- Y u vid a full fud f ay m y aid by a u h tifi
y u i itig ( by -mail) ithi 30 day f cit that /h
d t ag t th tm f th full P jct Gutbg-tm
Lic. Y u mut ui uch a u t tu
dt y all c i f th d i a hyical mdium
ad dic tiu all u f ad all acc t th c i f
P jct Gutbg-tm .
- Y u vid, i acc dac ith aagah 1.F.3, a full fud f ay
m y aid f a a lacmt c y, if a dfct i th
lct ic i dic vd ad td t y u ithi 90 day
f cit f th .
- Y u c mly ith all th tm f thi agmt f f
ditibuti f P jct Gutbg-tm .
1.E.9. If y u ih t chag a f ditibut a P jct Gutbg-tm
lct ic g u f difft tm tha a t
f th i thi agmt, y u mut btai mii i itig f m
b th th P jct Gutbg Litay Achiv F udati ad Michal
Hat, th f th P jct Gutbg-tm tadma. C tact th
F udati a t f th i Scti 3 bl .
1.F.
1.F.1. P jct Gutbg v lut ad ml y xd c idabl
ff t t idtify, d c yight ach , tacib ad fad
ublic d mai i catig th P jct Gutbg-tm
c llcti . Dit th ff t, P jct Gutbg-tm lct ic

, ad th mdium hich thy may b t d, may c tai
"Dfct," uch a, but t limitd t , ic mlt, iaccuat
c ut data, taciti , a c yight th itllctual
ty ifigmt, a dfctiv damagd di th mdium, a
c mut viu, c mut c d that damag ca t b ad by
y u uimt.
1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Exct f th "Right
f Rlacmt Rfud" dcibd i aagah 1.F.3, th P jct
Gutbg Litay Achiv F udati , th f th P jct
Gutbg-tm tadma, ad ay th aty ditibutig a P jct
Gutbg-tm lct ic ud thi agmt, diclaim all
liability t y u f damag, c t ad x, icludig lgal
f. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT
LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE
PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH F3. YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE
TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE
LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR
INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
DAMAGE.
1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If y u dic v a
dfct i thi lct ic ithi 90 day f civig it, y u ca
civ a fud f th m y (if ay) y u aid f it by dig a
itt xlaati t th y u civd th f m. If y u
civd th a hyical mdium, y u mut tu th mdium ith
y u itt xlaati . Th tity that vidd y u ith
th dfctiv may lct t vid a lacmt c y i liu f a
fud. If y u civd th lct ically, th tity
vidig it t y u may ch t giv y u a c d tuity t
civ th lct ically i liu f a fud. If th c d c y
i al dfctiv, y u may dmad a fud i itig ith ut futh
tuiti t fix th blm.
1.F.4. Exct f th limitd ight f lacmt fud t f th
i aagah 1.F.3, thi i vidd t y u 'AS-IS' WITH NO OTHER
WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO
WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTIBILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE.
1.F.5. S m tat d t all diclaim f ctai imlid
aati th xclui limitati f ctai ty f damag.
If ay diclaim limitati t f th i thi agmt vi lat th
la f th tat alicabl t thi agmt, th agmt hall b
ittd t ma th maximum diclaim limitati mittd by
th alicabl tat la. Th ivalidity uf cability f ay
vii f thi agmt hall t v id th maiig vii .
1.F.6. INDEMNITY - Y u ag t idmify ad h ld th F udati , th
tadma , ay agt ml y f th F udati , ay
vidig c i f P jct Gutbg-tm lct ic i acc dac
ith thi agmt, ad ay v lut a ciatd ith th ducti ,
m ti ad ditibuti f P jct Gutbg-tm lct ic ,
haml f m all liability, c t ad x, icludig lgal f,
that ai dictly idictly f m ay f th f ll ig hich y u d
cau t ccu: (a) ditibuti f thi ay P jct Gutbg-tm
, (b) altati , m dificati , additi dlti t ay
P jct Gutbg-tm , ad (c) ay Dfct y u cau.
Scti
2. If mati ab ut th Mii
f P jct Gutbg-tm
P jct Gutbg-tm i y ym u ith th f ditibuti

lct ic i f mat adabl by th idt vaity
icludig b lt, ld, middl-agd ad c mut. It
bcau f th ff t f hudd f v lut ad d ati
l i all al f lif.
f
f c mut
xit
f m
V lut ad fiacial u t t vid v lut ith th

aitac thy d, i citical t achig P jct Gutbg-tm'
g al ad uig that th P jct Gutbg-tm c llcti ill
mai fly availabl f gati t c m. I 2001, th P jct
Gutbg Litay Achiv F udati a catd t vid a cu
ad mat futu f P jct Gutbg-tm ad futu gati .
T la m ab ut th P jct Gutbg Litay Achiv F udati
ad h y u ff t ad d ati ca hl, Scti 3 ad 4
ad th F udati b ag at htt://.glaf. g.
Scti 3. If mati ab ut th P jct Gutbg Litay Achiv
F udati
Th P jct Gutbg Litay Achiv F udati i a fit
501(c)(3) ducati al c ati gaizd ud th la f th
tat f Miiii ad gatd tax xmt tatu by th Ital
Rvu Svic. Th F udati ' EIN fdal tax idtificati
umb i 64-6221541. It 501(c)(3) ltt i td at
htt://glaf. g/fudaiig. C tibuti t th P jct Gutbg
Litay Achiv F udati a tax dductibl t th full xtt
mittd by U.S. fdal la ad y u tat' la.
Th F udati ' icial ffic i l catd at 4557 Mla D. S.
Faiba, AK, 99712., but it v lut ad ml y a cattd
th ugh ut um u l cati . It bui ffic i l catd at
809 N th 1500 Wt, Salt La City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887, mail
bui@glaf. g. Email c tact li ad u t dat c tact
if mati ca b f ud at th F udati ' b it ad fficial
ag at htt://glaf. g
F additi al c tact if mati :
D. Gg y B. Nby
Chif Excutiv ad Dict
gbby@glaf. g
Scti 4. If mati ab ut D ati t th P jct Gutbg
Litay Achiv F udati
P jct Gutbg-tm dd u ad ca t uviv ith ut id
ad ublic u t ad d ati t cay ut it mii f
icaig th umb f ublic d mai ad licd that ca b
fly ditibutd i machi adabl f m accibl by th idt
aay f uimt icludig utdatd uimt. May mall d ati
($1 t $5,000) a aticulaly im tat t maitaiig tax xmt
tatu ith th IRS.
Th F udati i c mmittd t c mlyig ith th la gulatig
chaiti ad chaitabl d ati i all 50 tat f th Uitd
Stat. C mliac uimt a t uif m ad it ta a
c idabl ff t, much a ad may f t mt ad u
ith th uimt. W d t licit d ati i l cati

h hav t civd itt c fimati f c mliac. T
SEND DONATIONS dtmi th tatu f c mliac f ay
aticula tat viit htt://glaf. g
Whil ca t ad d t licit c tibuti f m tat h
hav t mt th licitati uimt, f hibiti
agait acctig u licitd d ati f m d i uch tat h
a ach u ith ff t d at.
Itati al d ati a gatfully acctd, but ca t ma
ay tatmt c cig tax tatmt f d ati civd f m
utid th Uitd Stat. U.S. la al am u mall taff.
Pla chc th P jct Gutbg Wb ag f cut d ati
mth d ad add. D ati a acctd i a umb f th
ay icludig icludig chc, li aymt ad cdit cad
d ati . T d at, la viit: htt://glaf. g/d at
Scti 5. Gal If mati Ab ut P jct Gutbg-tm lct ic
.
P f Michal S. Hat i th igiat f th P jct Gutbg-tm
c ct f a libay f lct ic that c uld b fly had
ith ay . F thity ya, h ducd ad ditibutd P jct
Gutbg-tm B ith ly a l t f v lut u t.
P jct Gutbg-tm B a ft catd f m val itd
diti , all f hich a c fimd a Public D mai i th U.S.
ul a c yight tic i icludd. Thu, d t caily
B i c mliac ith ay aticula a diti .
M t l tat at
u Wb it hich ha th mai PG ach facility:
htt://.gutbg.t
Thi Wb it iclud if mati ab ut P jct Gutbg-tm,
icludig h t ma d ati t th P jct Gutbg Litay
Achiv F udati , h t hl duc u B , ad h t
ubcib t u mail ltt t ha ab ut B .

The Project Gutenberg Ebook of Bacon, by R.W. Church

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

You might also like

The Project Gutenberg Ebook of Bacon, by R.W. Church

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

The Project Gutenberg Ebook of Bacon, by R.W. Church

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

The Project Gutenberg EBook of Bacon, by Richard William Church

Produced by Juliet Sutherland, Michael Punch and the PG Online

EDITED BY JOHN MORLEY.

"Penitus toto divisos orbe Britannos."

h hav d ut a gat ida t fid tac f it,  cai u

tachigit iability t atify th gat uti  hich it aid i

ath th ught tha d, big t d  ith ut all at,

th m littl t ditiguih him f m th diay lac-hut,

Cath lic mat much m tha t lati , ad th aguiay

f Bac  li th h  f th ld." Th t m, ctaily, bcam

Bac : it i ctai hat C  himlf th ught ab ut it, ad hat hi

a uit ha t g th ugh t mt him: "It i my luc," h it t

b tu hich my L d Tau itth; hich i, that it i m

big Ex ithi th d m f ta .

f digifid v, uch a

fa aay f m th  it

that it mut hav b difficult f a lit t mmb hat it

aythig aid aftad by ith f th i , ith i th

t himlf actig ith ut f gttig hat h d t hi fid.

th f a thuiatic ad matic bliv i a gat dic vy jut

by-  ith him; h a a tuly ambiti u a th m ith h m h

d t cla a /ca. ultgatum/ u  my

Th that f th /caia ultgatum/ a  bably i fc t th

li t hav. N t but I thi th imdimt ill b ath i my

ma might b uch a might gac

mtim tagg m; ad bcau I th ught that a ma'  c uty

"F mylf, my hat i  t t u  ay f th thig hich

t uchd. Hi attitud a  f fidly ad ctful iddc.

lvd t ai a ma, y u m caful f him tha himlf;

aa that th th ught ih t it ithda v td

maitaid, ly i h . Th uvy f th c diti  f hi

g d a ch ith a ." ...

Th at f a c ut  t ; it a  t  f m t bv

thi th gatt iuiit i Sai ill all it.... My gat

"Y u Majty hath l t a gat ubjct ad a gat vat. But if

Exct  thi u

iti  (but th i  thig t u t it), 

"I au mylf," t Bac  t th Kig, "y u Majty tath  t m

BACON ATTORNEY-GENERAL AND CHANCELLOR.

C  uld b "a vulig atu i a vulig lac," ad

th m ti  thy t ma. N t  titi  uhad. Ad thi I

that th  cdig f th C ucil a c dmd at C ut a g

aty it a ac-ma; a I a f cd u  my  t bg f

bligd fid ad vat,

hi illig iduty, ught t hav titld him. H a till a

xditu. Ev Bucigham had c m t fl th city f it at

ubvic hich h c u  ; but it did  t h c  l th, ad

abud; ad am g th "f" th L d Chacll ad

a  dic vd, but that h g udd hi judgmt u  th h

himlf a c ut ad val judg. T uit chagd him ith

G hambuy, attdd by t  f fid. "Thi ma," aid Pic

ditiguihig bt th "th ca f biby u

"F my f tu, /umma ummaum/ ith m i, that I may  t b mad

aid L d Audl; "hi c fi  itiful. Lif  t t b t uchd." But

that th attac  him hiftd f m a chag f auth iig illgal

 mau t ma ffctiv. It i mtim aid that Bucigham

icaabl, t b i t uch ad ymathy ith  ula flig. But it a

h hav d ut a gat ida t fid tac f it, cai u

tachigit iability t atify th gat uti hich it aid i

ath th ught tha d, big t d ith ut all at,

th m littl t ditiguih him f m th diay lac-hut,

Cath lic mat much m tha t lati , ad th aguiay

f Bac li th h f th ld." Th t m, ctaily, bcam

Bac : it i ctai hat C himlf th ught ab ut it, ad hat hi

a uit ha t g th ugh t mt him: "It i my luc," h it t

big Ex ithi th d m f ta .

f digifid v, uch a

fa aay f m th it

that it mut hav b difficult f a lit t mmb hat it

aythig aid aftad by ith f th i , ith i th

t himlf actig ith ut f gttig hat h d t hi fid.

th f a thuiatic ad matic bliv i a gat dic vy jut

by- ith him; h a a tuly ambiti u a th m ith h m h

d t cla a /ca. ultgatum/ u my

Th that f th /caia ultgatum/ a bably i fc t th

li t hav. N t but I thi th imdimt ill b ath i my

ma might b uch a might gac

mtim tagg m; ad bcau I th ught that a ma' c uty

"F mylf, my hat i t t u ay f th thig hich

t uchd. Hi attitud a f fidly ad ctful iddc.

lvd t ai a ma, y u m caful f him tha himlf;

aa that th th ught ih t it ithda v td

maitaid, ly i h . Th uvy f th c diti f hi

g d a ch ith a ." ...

Th at f a c ut t ; it a t f m t bv

thi th gatt iuiit i Sai ill all it.... My gat

"Y u Majty hath l t a gat ubjct ad a gat vat. But if

Exct thi u

iti (but th i thig t u t it),

"I au mylf," t Bac t th Kig, "y u Majty tath t m

C uld b "a vulig atu i a vulig lac," ad

th m ti thy t ma. N t titi uhad. Ad thi I

that th cdig f th C ucil a c dmd at C ut a g

aty it a ac-ma; a I a f cd u my t bg f

bligd fid ad vat,

hi illig iduty, ught t hav titld him. H a till a

xditu. Ev Bucigham had c m t fl th city f it at

ubvic hich h c u ; but it did t h c l th, ad

abud; ad am g th "f" th L d Chacll ad

a dic vd, but that h g udd hi judgmt u th h

himlf a c ut ad val judg. T uit chagd him ith

G hambuy, attdd by t f fid. "Thi ma," aid Pic

ditiguihig bt th "th ca f biby u

"F my f tu, /umma ummaum/ ith m i, that I may t b mad

aid L d Audl; "hi c fi itiful. Lif t t b t uchd." But

that th attac him hiftd f m a chag f auth iig illgal

mau t ma ffctiv. It i mtim aid that Bucigham

icaabl, t b i t uch ad ymathy ith ula flig. But it a

vul th L d K' cul. Bucigham a ctaily ab ut thi

mmb m f th vii , ad am t f bidd t it it. H

B hmia, ith a ha, th talati f a tit Lati c mm lac,

ag f cd i ffct t ba a allt." Th d a f m a

"illig h uld t b l t," ad al th chag f uitdig t

p s m. C wy mp hm M ss Ps h s

w b s f h h w ph s phy h s

/Av m /, h f h

pf f m hy. M. Sp fs h f m

"Th hs m h s mp b," s ys M. Es, " , I

s s. H w hmsf h h w

whh h s p B m h s vs

I s hs m v y s

vs y mphsvss f h p f h

s y wh h Gs h f . Th

y. I mp s y, s s , h "/ mm v /;" b

m v

svy; wh s f h f f m s m p w v h

/Eay/ ad th /Hit y f Hy VII./

h had ut it Lati "by m

Bac ' c tmtu u ad h l timat f "th m d laguag,"

a i Lati; ly ithi tty-fiv ya lat, Dcat a itig

/Eay/ h it a a l - at th gam f huma affai, h ,

dtail f ximtal cic , xct i atial itac, yt a

cic; hi a ucmt that th h l f lid ldg mut b

u f th /Advacmt/ ad th /D Augmti/; f m th bl,

f Stat Pa/ (d mtic), Mach 24, 1621.

"It dvth t t b ad i ch l,

Ed f th P jct Gutbg EB