Library of Congress (Classifications)

Knowledge classification scheme in which subject divisions are

indicated by letters and their subdivisions by numbers. Used in the
libraries for creating call numbers for books, and other material, for
their systematic cataloging and shelving.

A General Works -- includes encycolpedias, almanacs, indexes
B-BJ Philosophy, Psychology
BL-BX Religion
C History -- includes archaeology, genealogy, biography
D History -- general and eastern hemisphere
E-F History -- America (western hemisphere)
G Geography, Maps, Anthropology, Recreation
H Social Science
J Political Science
K Law (general)
KD Law of the United Kingdom and Ireland
KE Law of Canada
KF Law of the United States
L Education
M Music
N Fine Arts -- includes architecture, sculpture, painting, drawing
P-PA General Philosophy and Linguistics, Classical Languages, and Literature
PB-PH Modern European Languages
PG Russian Literature
PJ-PM Languages and Literature of Asia, Africa, Oceania, American Indian Languages, Artifical Languages
PN-PZ General Literature, English and American Literature, Fiction in English, Juvenile Literature
PQ -- French, Italian, Spanish, Portuguese Literature
PT -- German, Dutch, and Scandinavian Literature
Q Science -- includes physical and biological sciences, math, computers
R Medicine -- includes health and human sexuality
S Agriculture
T Technology -- inluces engineering, auto mechanics, photography, home economics
U Military Science
V Naval Science
Z Bibliography, Library Science

Dewey Decimal System
The Dewey Decimal Classification organizes library materials by
discipline or field of study. Main divisions include philosophy, social
sciences, science, technology, and history. The scheme is made up of ten
classes, each divided into ten divisions, each having ten sections. The
system's notation uses Arabic numbers, with three whole numbers making up
the main classes and sub-classes and decimals creating further divisions.
The classification structure is hierarchical and the notation follows the
same hierarchy. Libraries not needing the full level of detail of the
classification can trim right-most decimal digits from the class number to
obtain a more general classification.
The DDS system doesn't organize books so much as create a framework by
which all possible human knowledge can be classified into branches. Indeed
it's a testament to the system's extensibility that it was invented before
electronics and computers, before aviation, before atomic theory and dozens
of other basic elements of modern life. Despite the huge explosion in
knowledge during the twentieth century, the DDS still works just fine.
The DDS breaks subjects down into ten classes (thus "decimal"). Each class
is divided into ten divisions, and each division into ten sections. Each
class, division and section is represented by a number, and these are the
numbers you see on the spines of library books. Determining the exact
subject matter of a new book will determine what number it should receive.
And since libraries are organized by the system, knowing a book's number, or
even how its subject would be classified, helps locate the book on the
shelves.

Features
At its most basic level, the DDS divides all books into ten basic
Classes. Thus, if you can decide which class a given book falls into, you
already know which range of numbers it will fall within and can start
tracking it down based solely on that. The ten basic classes and their DDS
numbers are:
000--Computer science, information, general works
100--Philosophy and psychology
200--Religion
300--Social sciences
400--Languages
500--Science
600--Technology and applied science
700--Arts and recreation
800--Literature
900--History and geography and biography
You can break subjects down farther within these ranges, replacing zeroes
with numbers from the system. For example, within 500 (science), 510 is
mathematics and 516 is geometry.