Module 1V - Introduction

1
Module 1 Introduction
Philippine Efficient Lighting Market
Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Module 1
Introduction
Contents
Status of Energy Efficient Lighting (EEL) Systems
Government Programs on Energy Efficient Lighting
Systems
Review of Laws and Legislations Governing EEL
Systems
Guidelines for Energy Conserving Design of Buildings and Utility
Systems (updated version)
Streetlighting Guidelines
IIEE-ELI Manual of Practice on Efficient Lighting (updated
version)
Philippine National Standards (PNS)
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) standards and
other international standards
Philippine Electrical Code (PEC) and its IRR
EEC Government Programs
National Energy Efficiency and Conservation
Program
Implemented by the Department of Energy
Supported by the United Nations Development
Programme (UNDP) under the Global Environmental
Facility (GEF)
The National Energy
Efficiency and
Conservation Program
PROGRAM OBJECTIVES
General Objective
To make energy efficiency and conservation (EE&C) a way of
life.
Specific Objectives
To cushion the impact of increases in prices of petroleum
products and electricity through the implementation of energy
efficiency and conservation measures.
To promote cost avoidance/savings on fuel and electricity
without sacrificing productivity.
To get firm savings commitments from identified sector groups.
To help protect the environment.
Goals
To promote efficient utilization of all forms of
energy
To achieve a total energy savings of 234
MMBFOE in the next 10 years
Reduction of 15.7% in oil importations and forex
savings of $11.50 Bn
2
Two-Pronged Program
Fuel Efficiency and Conservation (EC) Program
Information, Education and Communication (IEC)
Campaign
Vehicle Use Reduction Program
Alternative Fuels Program
Electricity EC Program
IEC Campaign
Energy Management Program
Fuel EC Program
IEC Campaign
Website and Logo Launch
Road Transport Patrol
Fuel Economy Run
Basketball Exhibition and Fuel Efficiency
Seminar/Lakbay Gabay
Informercials/Publications/Collaterals
Gas Drops
GASFAR
Power of Choice Ad
Mediatron Traffic Advisory and EE&C Tips
Energy Conservation Tips Contest thru Enertxt/On-the-
spot Poster Making Contest
Website & Logo Launch
http://www.doe.gov.ph/neecp/
Official launching : Aug. 28,
2004 Pulong Bayan ni PGMA
INFORMATION, EDUCATION AND
COMMUNICATION CAMPAIGN
Alternative Fuels and Energy Technology
Coco Methyl Ester (CME) or Coco - Biodiesel
Program
A clean burning alternative fuel derived from coconut
oil that can be used as a blend with petroleum diesel
Memo Circular 55 mandates 1% use in all
government vehicles
Bio- Ethanol Fuel Program
Gasoline blend from sugar cane, cassava, corn, and
wheat
Up to 10% blend, four years after passage of
proposed legislative measure
Alternative Fuels and Energy Technology
Natural Gas Vehicle Program for Public
Transport (NGVPPT)
Natural gas - a gaseous fuel consisting of mixture of
hydrocarbon, mainly methane
One of the cleanest, safest and most useful energy
sources
Pilot Phase covering 200 public buses
IEC Campaign
Power Patrol Program
Infomercials/Publications/Collaterals
Electricity Saving Tips
Tag-init Na Ad
Who Left the Appliances On?
Recognition Programs
Don Emilio Abello Energy Efficiency Award
ASEAN Best Practices in Building
3
Energy Labeling and Efficiency Standards
Energy Use Standards for Buildings
Energy Audit
Demand-Side Management
Financing Energy Efficiency and Conservation
Projects
Power Conservation and
Demand Management
Electricity Saving Tips
(Newspaper)
Infomercials/Publications/
Collaterals
Defrost the refrigerator
regularly. Thick frost in
refrigerator will increase
electricity consumption.
Department of Energy
Energy Efficiency and Conservation Division
Tel. No. (02) 840-2243, Trunkline (02) 840-1401 local 201 & 214
Enertext (2920) Website www.doe.gov.ph
A public service / message by:
Tag-init Na ad (TV)
Who Left the Appliances
On?(TV)
IEC Campaign
Energy Standards & Labeling of
Appliances/Equipment
aims to improve the efficiency and
performance of appliances, equipment and
other energy consuming devices
requires the attachment of a label that
would show the energy ratings of the
product right at the point of sale
empowers the consumer in choosing the
more energy efficient brand or model
Energy Labeling and Efficiency
Standards
Energy Management
Program
Conduct of Energy Audit
Energy audit services of
the Department help
companies or
establishments determine
their energy use patterns
and identify energy
conservation in all
energy-consuming sectors
(continuing program).
4
Supply Side Energy Efficiency
Heat Rate Improvement in Power Plants
to bring the actual performance level of
all NPC and IPP generating units close
to their optimum performance levels
Systems Loss Reduction
requires electric utilities to reduce systems
losses to ensure that power rates reflect
only actual consumption
MOU with LGUs on the adoption of the Guidelines for
Energy Conserving Design of Buildings and Utility
System
Makati City
Manila City
Quezon City
Energy Use Standards For Buildings Energy Use Standards For Buildings
Recognition Programs
Don Emilio Abello Energy Efficiency Award
Awarding of outstanding companies and energy
managers who have undertaken or are
responsible in implementing energy efficiency and
conservation programs to achieve substantial
savings in their energy consumption.
ASEAN Best Practices Award in Building
a regional competition that awards commercial
companies which have voluntarily applied energy
efficient concepts and technologies in their
buildings in harmony with the overall energy
efficiency agenda for the country and for the
region.
Don Emilio Abello Energy Efficiency
Awards 2006
Don Emilio Abello Energy Efficiency
Awards 2006
5
Government
Initiatives on Energy
Conservation
Program
Government Enercon Program
The government should take the lead in energy
conservation!
Enercon sa Gobyerno Ginhawa sa Pilipino
aims to integrate energy efficiency concepts into
the operations and procurement practices of
government agencies, bureaus and offices
10% reduction in electricity and fuel consumption
recognition program
6
Laws and Legislations Governing EEL
Systems
Guidelines for Energy Conserving Design of
Buildings and Utility Systems (updated version)
IIEE - ELI Manual of Practice on Efficient Lighting
(updated version)
Philippine National Standards (PNS)
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC)
standards and other international standards
Philippine Electrical Code (PEC) and its IRR
Guidelines for
Energy
Conserving
Design of
Buildings and
Utility Systems
Application and Exemption
Requirements are set forth for the design of new energy-
efficient buildings for human occupancy, covering their
exterior envelopes and the selection of their systems and
equipment for power, lighting, air conditioning and other
energy-consuming auxiliary systems
These guidelines are applicable to the design of new
buildings classified as offices, hotels, shopping centers
and hospitals as well as those portions of industrial
buildings that are used primarily for human occupancy.
Buildings with industrial and/or process requirements
may exclude those areas devoted to the process from
these requirements. Buildings or portions thereof whose
peak design rate of energy usage is less than 10 W/m
2
of gross floor area for all purpose are excluded from
these requirements.
Lighting
Scope
This section shall apply to the lighting of space and
areas of buildings, such as:
Interior spaces of buildings
Exterior areas of buildings such as entrances, exits, loading
docks, parking areas, etc.
Roads, grounds and other exterior areas including open-air
covered areas where lighting is required and is energized
through the building's electrical service.
Lighting
Exemptions
Industrial areas of manufacturing concerns, storage
areas and processing facilities. However, the
industrial sector is (suggested) required to use energy
efficient lighting system
Areas devoted for theatrical productions, television
broadcasting, audio-visual presentations and those
portion of entertainment facilities such as stage areas
in hotel ballrooms, discos, night clubs and casinos
where lighting is an essential technical element.
Specialized luminaires for medical or dental
purposes.
7
Lighting
Exemptions
Outdoor athletic facilities.
Display lighting required for art exhibit or display in
galleries, museums and monuments.
Exterior lighting for public monuments.
Special lighting for research laboratories.
Lighting
Exemptions
Emergency lighting that is automatically "off during
normal operations.
High risk security areas identified by local ordinances
or regulations or by security or safety personnel as
requiring additional lighting.
Classrooms specifically designed for the hard-of-
seeing, hard-of-hearing and for elderly persons.
Lighting for dwelling units.
General Requirements of Energy-
Efficient Lighting Design
This Guideline sets out the minimum requirements for
achieving energy-efficient lighting installations.
The requirements of this Guideline are generally
expressed in terms of luminous efficacy, lamp control
gear loss and lighting power density.
In this Guideline, there is no specific requirement for
indoor illumination levels.
However, in the course of selecting an appropriate
indoor illumination level for a space, energy efficiency
should be taken into consideration in addition to other
lighting requirements.
The lighting design shall utilize the energy efficient
lighting equipment whenever practicable. The lighting
system shall be so chosen as to provide a flexible,
effective and pleasing visual environment in accordance
with the intended use, but with the least possible energy
requirements.
The use of task oriented lighting shall be used whenever
practicable.
In the design of general lighting in buildings with
centralized air
conditioning equipment, consideration should be given to
integrated lighting and air conditioning systems which
use luminaires with heat removal capabilities.
The lighting system shall be designed for expected
activity. The task shall be analyzed in terms of difficulty,
duration, criticalness and location in order to determine
the lighting needs throughout the space, always keeping
in mind that higher illumination levels than necessary are
likely to waste energy while on the other hand, levels
lower than needed could impair visual effectiveness.
The most efficient lamps appropriate to the type of
lighting, color rendition and color appearance shall be
selected. The use of such types of lamps reduces power
requirements.
8
Lamp Applications
Street lighting 77-150
Low Pressure Sodium
Warehouse 66-132
High Pressure
Sodium
Sports 65-98
Metal Halide
Industrial Lighting 22-51 Mercury
General Illumination 56-68
Fluorescent
Spotlighting 16-20
Incandescent
Use
Output
Lumens/W
Lamp Type
Color Rendering Index and Lamp
Efficacy for Typical Light Sources
74 2,950 3,300 85 40
High CRI Tri-
Phosphor T12
88 2,800 2,950 85 32
High CRI Tri-
Phosphor T8
72 2,880 3,200 70 40 Tri-Phosphor T12
80 2,550 2,800 75 32 Tri-Phosphor T8
68 2,300 2,650 62 34
Standard Phosphor
T12/ES
53-95 Fluorescent (4)
50 1,310 1,670 82 26
Compact
Fluorescent
15-25 16 1,575 1,750 100 100 Incandescent
Efficacy
Ranges
Lumens/W
Mean
Lamp
Efficacy
Mean
Lamp
Lumens
Initial
Lamp
Lumens
CRI
Lamp
Watts
Lamp Type
Color Rendering Index and Lamp Efficacy for
Typical Light Sources
80-130 High Pressure Sodium
102 25,600 28,500 21 250 Clear
83 20,700 23,000 65 250 Color Improved
100-180 183 33,000 33,000 0 180 Low Pressure Sodium
84 21,040 26,300 65 250 Pulse Start
64 16,000 19,475 70 250 Color Improved
68 17,000 20,500 65 250 Clear
75-95 Metal Halide
43 10,700 13,000 45 250 Color Improved
42 10,500 12,100 20 250 Clear
40-63
Mercury Vapor
Efficacy
Ranges
Lumens/W
Mean
Lamp
Efficacy
Mean
Lamp
Lumens
Initial
Lamp
Lumens
CRI
Lamp
Watts
Lamp Type
In general, the normal artificial light source should be the fluorescent
lamp. In downlight installation, high pressure discharge lamps can
be used. In large high bay areas, high pressure discharge lamps
should be used. Where good color rendering is required, the tubular
fluorescent lamp and other high pressure discharge lamps except
high pressure sodium lamps should be used. However, if moderate
color rendering is of comparatively minor importance, high pressure
sodium lamps can be used. If very good color rendering is required,
the tubular fluorescent lamp should be used.
The most efficient combination of luminaires, lamps and ballasts
appropriate for the lighting task and for the environment shall be
selected so that lamp light output is used effectively. The selected
luminaire should meet the requirements with respect to light
distribution, uniformity and glare control. The use of highly polished
or mirror reflectors is recommended to reduce the number of lamps
installed without reducing the illumination level. Where ballasts are
used, these should be of the electronic type or low loss type with a
power factor of at least 85%.
The highest practical room surface reflectances should
be considered in the lighting design. The use of light
finishes will attain the best overall efficiency of the entire
lighting system. Dark surfaces should be avoided
because these absorb light.
Recommended Room Surface Reflectances
Selective switching possibilities should be provided so
that individual or specific group of fixtures can be turned
off when not needed and lighting levels can be adapted
to changing needs.
The lighting system shall be so designed that daylighting
can be coordinated with artificial lighting, taking into
consideration the problems of glare, brightness
imbalance and heat buildup in the building interior.
In selecting lighting systems, the costs of operation and
energy usage and not simply the initial cost should be
considered.
9
Maximum Lighting
Power Density for
Building Interiors
The total lighting load
for the interior spaces
of buildings shall not
exceed the summation
of the maximum values
for building
areas/activities as
specified.
Maximum Allowable Power Density for Building
Interior Lighting Systems
Basic lighting
power
requirements
for building
exteriors shall
not exceed
these values
Maximum Allowable Power Density for Building
Interior Lighting Systems
Basic lighting
power
requirements
for roads and
grounds shall
not exceed
these values
Lighting Controls
All lighting systems except those required for emergency
or exit lighting for security purposes shall be provided
with manual, automatic or programmable controls.
Each space enclosed by walls or ceiling height partitions shall be
provided with at least one lighting control, capable of turning off
all the lights within the space.
Exception: Continuous lighting required for security purposes.
One lighting control point shall be provided for each task location
or group of task locations within an area of 45 m
2
or less.
The general lighting of any enclosed area 10 m
2
or larger in
which the connected load exceeds 10 W/m
2
for the whole area
shall be controlled so that the load for the lights may be reduced
by at least 50% while maintaining a reasonably uniform level of
illuminance throughout the area. This may be done with the use
of dimmers, by dual switching of alternate lamps, or by switching
each luminaire or each lamp.
Lighting Controls
The minimum number of controls required shall be determined using
the Table below which lists the types of lighting controls and the
equivalent number of control points they represent. The minimum
number of controls, however, shall not be less than one for each
1500 W of connected lighting load.
3 Continuous (Automatic) dimming
3 4 Level step-control (including off) or pre-set dimming
2 3 Level step-control (including off) or pre-set dimming
3 Timer - programmable from the space being controlled
2 Occupancy sensor
1 Manually operated on-off switch
Equi valent
No. of
Type of Control Poi nts
Lighting Controls
Exterior lighting not intended for 24 hours continuous use shall
be automatically switched by a timer, photocell or a timer
photocell combination but provided with manual override.
Hotel and motel guest rooms, except bathrooms, shall have one
master switch at the main entry door that turns off all
permanently wired lighting fixtures and switched receptacles,
except for security lighting, if required. This switch may be
activated by the insertion and removal of the room key.
Where adequate daylighting is available, local manual or
automatic controls such as photoelectric switches or automatic
dimmers shall be provided in daylighted spaces. Controls shall
be provided so as to operate rows of lights parallel to
facade/exterior wall.
10
Lighting Controls
Feature display lighting in retail and wholesale stores
shall be separately switched on circuits not more than
20 amperes. If there are more than four of these
display circuits, the display lighting shall be
automatically controlled by a programmable timer with
provisions for temporary override by store personnel.
Valance lighting in retail and wholesale stores shall
be switched independent of general and display
lighting.
Control Location
All lighting controls should be so located to be
readily accessible by space occupants.
Switches provided for task areas, if readily
accessible, may be mounted as part of the task
lighting fixtures. Switches controlling the same
load from more than one location should not be
credited as increasing the number of controls to
meet the requirements of Section 3.6 (Lighting
Controls)
Control Location
Exceptions
Lighting control requirements for spaces which must be, used as
a whole should be controlled in accordance with the work
activities and controls may be centralized in remote locations.
These areas include public lobbies of office buildings, hotels and
hospitals; retail and department stores and warehouses;
storerooms and service corridors under centralized supervision.
Manual and automatic control devices may reduce the number of
controls required by using an equivalent number of controls
Automatic controls
Programmable controls.
Controls requiring trained operators.
Controls for safety hazards and security.
As of September 2007, still a draft.
Purpose of the Guidelines
The primary purpose of the guidelines is to provide supplemental
information on energy use, technologies and design and to
outline a recommended approach in selecting lighting equipment
based on different types of design objectives.
This Guide is not meant to provide rule-of-thumb, "templates",
nor ready-to-use designs for roadway lighting, but rather
identify approaches in meeting various design objectives with
effective energy-efficient roadway lighting. It supplements, but
does not replace, existing standards and industry accepted
practices for roadway lighting design.
Purpose of Roadway Lighting
Promotion of safety by providing quick, accurate, and
comfortable vision for drivers or motorists and
pedestrians.
Improvement of traffic flow by providing light, beyond
that provided by vehicle lights. This aids drivers in
orienting themselves, and delineating roadway lighting
geometries and obstructions, which reduce vehicular
accidents.
Provision of adequate illumination visibility for safe
vehicle operation in long underpasses and tunnels.
Help prevent street crimes.
Increase commerce within the premises.
Scope & Methodology of Roadway
Lighting
This Guide covers roadway lighting for vehicular traffic or for motorist. This
ensures safe and efficient roadway lighting system through its proper
application. It does not cover special categories such as landscape lighting
(structure, hardscape and softscape), walkway and bikeway lighting, plaza and
park lighting, outdoor lighting (sports, retail, etc.) and specialty area lighting.
11
IIEE-ELI Manual of
Practice on Efficient
Lighting (updated
version)
Philippine National Standards
Lamps and related
equipment -
Electromagnetic ballast -
Energy standards and
labeling requirements
PNS 12-3:2000 Ballast (Pre-
heat/magnetic)
Ballast for tubular
fluorescent lamps -
Performance requirements
PNS 12-2:1996 Amd.
01& 02:1997
(IEC 921:1990 Amd.
01:1990 Amd.
02:1994)
Ballast (Pre-
heat/magnetic)
For use with linear G13,
G5 Cap
15W,18W,20W, 36W &
40W
Circular single cap
22W, 32W & 40W
Pin-type lamp
9W, 13W & 18W
Rapid start ballast
Ballast for tubular
fluorescent lamps -
General and safety
requirements
PNS 12-1:1996 Amd.
02:1997 (IEC
920:1990 Amd.
01:1993 Amd.
02:1995)
Ballast (Pre-
heat/magnetic)
Specific Product
Coverage
Title PNS No. Product
List of Philippine National Standards (PNS) under Mandatory
Product Certification
AC supplied electronic
ballasts for tubular
fluorescent lamps
Part 2 : Performance
requirements
PNS 135-2:1993
Amd. 01 & 02:1997
(IEC 929:1990
Amd. 01:1996
Amd. 02:1996)
Ballasts
(Electronic)
Input voltage up to
1000V 50Hz or 60 Hz For
use with tubular
fluorescent lamps with
ratings
18W, 22W, 32W & 36W
AC supplied electronic
ballasts for tubular
fluorescent lamps
Part 1 : General and
safety requirement
PNS 135-1:1997
(IEC 928:1995-02)
Ballasts
(Electronic)
Specific Product
Coverage
Lamps - Self-ballasted
lamps for general lighting
services -
requirements
PNS 603-2:1993
Amd. 01:2001
(IEC 969:1988)
CFL/Self ballasted
lamps
Watts: 60W & below
Voltage: 100V-250V
Edison screw or Bayonet
capped
Lamps - Self-ballasted
lamps for general lighting
services -
Part 1 : Safety
requirements
PNS 603-1:1993
Amd. 01:2001
(IEC 60968:1988
Amd. 01:1991
Amd. 02:1999)
CFL/Self ballasted
lamps
Specific Product
Coverage
Household fuseholders Fuseholders -
Specification
PNS 56:1996
(ANSI/UL 512:1992)
Fuseholders
15W, 18W, 20W, 36W &
40W
G type, BI-PIN capped
lamps
Double-capped
fluorescent lamps -
Performance
specifications
PNS IEC 60081:2001
Fluorescent lamps
(Linear double cap)
22W, 32W, 40W G10q
Capped lamps
Single-capped fluorescent
lamps - Performance
specification
Section 1 : General
PNS 1261:1995
(IEC 901:1992)
Circular
fluorescent lamps
Specific Product
Coverage
E5, E10, E14, E27 & E40 caps
Switched holders
( V250 V
rms
)
Edison screw lampholder -
Specification
PNS 80:1997
(IEC 238:1996)
Lamp holder
(Edison
Screw)
Watts: 25W to 100W
Rated voltage: 100V to 250V
Shape: A or PS B22d, E26 & E27
Tungsten filament lamps
for domestic and similar
general lighting purposes -
requirements
PNS 38-2:1995
(IEC 64:1993)
Incandescent
lamps (Bulbs)
Watts: 200W & below
Rated voltage: 50 to 250V
Bulb shape: A, PS, M, B, C, P, G,
Cap: E14, E17, E26, E27, E40 &
E45
Safety specifications for
incandescent lamps -
Part 1 : Tungsten filament
lamps for domestic and
similar general lighting
purposes
PNS 38-1:1995
(IEC 432-1:1993
Amd. 01:1995)
Incandescent
lamps (Bulbs)
Specific Product Coverage
12
Fixed type luminaries up 1000V
a.c.
Fixed Luminaires -
Part 1 : General
requirements and tests
PNS 1328:1996
(IEC 598-
1:1992)
Luminaires
For use with pre-heat type
fluorescent lamps Glow-starters for fluorescent
lamps
PNS 45:1997
Amd. 01:1997
(IEC 155:1993/
Amd. 01:1995)
Lamp starters
For starter based on IEC 155
For rated voltage up to 1000 V
rms
For use w/ G type BI-PIN cap
(i.e., G13, G10q)
Lamp holders for tubular
fluorescent lamps and starter
holders - Specification
PNS 42:1997
(IEC 400:1996)
Lamp holders
Specific Product Coverage
7.0 W
BALLAST LOSS
Class A
Compact FL
PHILIPPINE EFFICIENT LIGHTING MARKET TRANSFORMATION PROJECT (PELMATP) PHILIPPINE EFFICIENT LIGHTING MARKET TRANSFORMATION PROJECT (PELMATP)
QUALITY and ENERGY LABELS
Linear Fluorescent Lamps
FL Magnetic Ballasts
PS Quality/Safety Mark
Standards
Refer s t o t he Bal l ast Cl assi f i cat i on
w i t h r espec t t o t he power
c onsumed by t he bal l ast .
Val i dat i on cont r ol number i ssued
by DOE-FATL
I ndi cat es t he maxi mum l oss
t hat t he bal l ast woul d consume.
Lower bal l ast l oss means l ower
power consumpt i on.
The Fl uor esc ent Lamp Bal l ast Ener gy Label
BALLAST RATING BALLAST RATING CLASS A CLASS A CLASS B CLASS B CLASS C CLASS C CLASS D CLASS D
1 x 18/20 watts
1 X 36/40 watts
1 x 18/20 watts
1 X 36/40 watts
Up to 7 watts Up to 12 watts Above 7 watts
up to 8 watts
Above 12 watts
up to 13 watts Above 8 watts
up to 10 watts
Above 13 watts
up to 15 watts Above 10 watts
up to 12 watts
Above 15 watts
up to 18 watts
St andar d Cl assi f i cat i on of Bal l ast Power Loss
Pr eheat Bal l ast Pow er Loss Rapi d St ar t Bal l ast Power Loss
2 X 36/40 watts Up to 17 watts Above 17 watts
up to 18 watts
Above 18 watts
up to 20 watts
Above 20 watts
up to 30 watts
B
A
L
L
A
S
T
DTI -BPS/DOE
CLASSA
7.0
CB00-00000000
Energy Energy
Management Management
International
Electrotechnical
Commission
(IEC) standards
and other
international
standards
Philippine Electrical Code
Philippi ne Electrical
Code (PEC) 1
Vol. 1 Indoor
Design
Vol. 2 Water Craft
Design
Electrical Safety
at Home, School
and Workplace

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