Professional Documents
Culture Documents
CH 14 Section 3 & 4 The Rights of The
CH 14 Section 3 & 4 The Rights of The
*14th Amendment protected the rights of the accused in the same section in which it
defined national citizenship.
*Police must obtain warrants to search for stuff, must state under oath that they
have probable cause to suspect someone of committing a crime to justify a search
-Police do not need a warrant to search and arrest a person they see
breaking the law, do not need it for garbage outside the home
Guarantee of Counsel
*5th Amendment: Nobody has to testify against him/herself – protects against self-
incrimination
Escobedo v. Illinois: Escobedo denied a meeting with his lawyer, Court ruled his 5th
& 6th amendment rights had been violated – Right to an attorney, no self-
incrimination
Miranda v. Arizona – you must be made aware of your rights – cops must read you
your Miranda Rights
Double Jeopardy – You may not be tried twice for the same crime
Cruel and Unusual Punishment – violates the 8th amendment, death penalty
controversy falls under this topic
*14th amendment forbids any state to “deny to any person within its jurisdiction the
equal protection of the law.”
*Rational Basis Test – provides that the Court will uphold a state law when the state
can show a good reason to justify the classification – is the classification
“reasonably related”
*Discrimination – when individuals are treated unfairly solely because of their race,
gender, ethnic group, age, physical disability, religion, or sexual orientation
-Jim Crow Laws: Most often in southern states, required racial segregation
in public places
*Separate but equal – Used to justify segregation in the United States, came out of
Plessy v. Ferguson
*Civil Rights Movement – Effort to end segregation following the Brown decision