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REALIZING OPENFLOW

SWITCHES WITH ARICENT


FRAMEWORKS
MADHAVI RAVANAN
Senior Manager, Technology, Aricent
SARO VELRAJAN
Director, Technology, Aricent
1 Realizing OpenFlow Switches with Aricent Frameworks
Aricents Frameworks for OpenFlow
Aricent ofers comprehensive and fully tested software frameworks
for OpenFlow, which include:
> OpenFlow Client A control plane implementation based
on ONF OpenFlow Specication version 1.3.1
> Fast Path Accelerator A fast path processing implementation
based on ONF OpenFlow Specication version 1.3.1
> Intelligent Switch Solution (ISS) Widely deployed, industry-
leading L2-L3 switching and routing solution with support
for OpenFlow for hybrid SDN architectures
Infrastructure vendors looking to build equipment with pure or
hybrid OpenFlow capabilities can leverage Aricents OpenFlow
frameworks to save up to 80 percent in costs and 85 percent in
time to market compared to ground-up development. Aricent
aligns its software product roadmap to its customers needs
and offers hassle-free product support with aggressive SLA
commitments.
Introduction
The numerous benets of SDN and the emergence of OpenFlow
as the leading protocol for communication between controller
and switch have pushed equipment vendors to ofer support for
OpenFlow protocol in their devices portfolio. In an efort to enable
equipment vendors to gain a competitive edge in the fast growing
OpenFlow/SDN market, Aricent ofers pre-integrated, platform
agnostic, and completely tested software frameworks for OpenFlow.
These frameworks can be leveraged by equipment vendors to
build pure and hybrid OpenFlow switches and routers, under
aggressive timelines, with production-ready quality.
This whitepaper highlights the benets of Aricents OpenFlow
frameworks, and explores how they can be leveraged to build
pure or hybrid OpenFlow switches for various deployments
across campus, datacenter, enterprise, and service-provider
networks.
REALIZING OPENFLOW SWITCHES
WITH ARICENT FRAMEWORKS
Software Dened Networking (SDN) presents limitless possibilities by ofering unprecedented
OpEx and CapEx savings. Aricent is committed to the SDN revolution, providing comprehensive
software frameworks for OpenFlow that enable equipment vendors to gain a competitive
advantage in the soaring OpenFlow/SDN market. This paper explores how Aricents OpenFlow
frameworks can be leveraged by equipment vendors to build pure or hybrid OpenFlow network
equipment.
2 Realizing OpenFlow Switches with Aricent Frameworks
ARICENTS OPENFLOW CLIENT
Aricents OpenFlow client is a portable implementation of ONF
OpenFlow specication version 1.3.1. It enables communication
between the network equipment (switch/router) and the OpenFlow
controller.
OpenFlow client can be used to program the OpenFlow fast path
through the network processor interface. The OpenFlow fast path
can be realized either in the hardware ASIC, in software, or in a
combination of both hardware ASIC and software.
The software design of the OpenFlow client supports portability
on a wide range of processor platforms, from monolithic
architectures to distributed shared memory and message-passing
architectures as in the multi-core processors.
The OpenFlow client is available as a stand-alone package or as
an enabled feature in Aricents ISS solution. The stand-alone
OpenFlow client package can be used to both realize pure OpenFlow
switches and enable OpenFlow on pre-existing platforms running
custom control-plane software. Vendors looking to build hybrid
OpenFlow network equipment can leverage Aricents ISS that
comes with OpenFlow support.
OpenFlow client is ofered as a source code license to customers.
The benets of Aricents OpenFlow client include:
> Pre-integrated into leading reference silicon platforms such
as Broadcom Trident+
> Ease of porting to newer silicon platforms. OpenFlow client
has well-dened abstraction layers for OS, HW, and
management interfaces.
> Support for OpenFlow Fast Path on multi-core platforms:
Aricents OpenFlow Fast Path Accelerator (FPA) is built on
Intels Data Plane Development Kit (DPDK) for multi-core
platforms. Aricents OpenFlow client is pre-integrated with
the Aricents FPA. FPA is easily portable to other multi-core
platforms
> Readily available and easily adaptable management interfaces:
Aricents OpenFlow client supports multiple management
interfaces like CLI, SNMP, and ConfD. OFConfig protocol
support is planned in the roadmap
> Support for upwards of a million ow entries in the software:
Aricents OpenFlow client supports at least a million ow-
table entries in the software, and the framework is further
extensible
> OpenFlow client supports up to 1,200 ow additions per second
> Aricents OpenFlow client integrated with FPA has achieved
10 Gpbs of forwarding plane performance on Intels multi-
core platform
Socket Layer
OpenFlow Client
Connection Manager
O
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Database
(Flow, Group, Meter)
Core
(Timer, Queue, Event)
Packet Tx/Rx Pipeline Process Interface Manager
Hardware Abstraction Layer (Data Plane Processing)
Silicon Driver/SDK
Ethernet Switch Silicon (Broadcom, Marvell, Fulcrum)
Server/Management Station(s)
Hybrid OpenFlow Switch
Pure OpenFlow Switch
OpenFlow Controlled Parts Ports Not Controlled
Through OpenFlow
OpenFlow Controller
Aricent OpenFlow Client Aricent Intelligent
Switching Solution
Traditional L2/L3/MPLS
Control Plane+
Management
Aricent Fast Path
Accelerator
Legacy NMS
Figure 1: Aricents OpenFlow Frameworks
Figure 2 : Aricents OpenFlow Client Architecture
3 Realizing OpenFlow Switches with Aricent Frameworks
> Support for multi-threaded operations, enabling multiple
instances of one or more functional blocks in the FPA
> Support for traffic load balancing across various blocks,
cores, and threads
> Support for sending and receiving packets from control plane
> Conforms to Aricent Network Processor API (NPAPI) and
is pre-integrated with Aricent frameworks for OpenFlow, like
Aricents OpenFlow client and ISS
Aricents Fast Path Accelerator is designed to provide:
> High performance and scalability tailored to multi-core
environments
> Ease of integration with third-party vendor control plane stacks
> Ease of integration with accelerator functions provided by
ASICs and FPGAs
> Support for pluggable components in the fast path. Fast
Path pipeline can be organized exibly by adding and removing
components
> Tailored to functioning in pipeline, run to completion, and in
combination of the two
> Easily portable across multiple processor architectures, like
- Intel, Octeon (Cavium), XLP (Broadcom), etc.
> Supported across multiple operating system platforms,
including bare metal environment
ARICENTS INTELLIGENT SWITCH SOLUTION
Aricents industry leading and proven Layer-2 and Layer-3
switching and routing framework, Intelligent Switch Solution
(ISS), is integrated with the OpenFlow framework to render a
comprehensive framework for building hybrid OpenFlow
network equipment.
ARICENTS FAST PATH ACCELERATOR
Aricents Fast Path Accelerator (FPA) is an implementation of
OpenFlow pipeline processing requirements given in ONF OpenFlow
specication version 1.3.1. FPA is implemented on Intels Data
Plane Development Kit (DPDK) for multi-core platforms. FPAs
architecture is modular, with flexible building blocks that can
easily be extended to other multi-core platforms.
Aricents OpenFlow FPA capabilities include:
> Support for IPSec and IPv4 routing, L2 Access Control Lists
(ACLs) for OpenFlow, and diagnostics for determining state
of the internal data path
> Support for run to completion, pipeline model, and a
combination of these scheduling models for pipeline processing
Ethernet Switch Silicon (Broadcom, Marvell, Fulcrum)
Silicon Driver/SDK
ISS Hardware Abstraction Layer
O
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System Management
Cong Save/Restore, DHCP, RMON,
Syslog Mirroring, s/w Upgrade
Layer 3 - IPv4 Suite
TCP/IP Stack, RIPv2, OSPFv2, ISIS, BGP4, PIM,
DVMRP, VRRP, MSDP
Layer 3 - IPv6 Suite
TCP/IP Stack, RIP6, OSPFv3, ISIS, BGP4+,
IPSecv6, v6-tunneling, MSDP
Qos
Diferv, 802.1p, Rate Limit, Storm Control, Queuing
MPLS
PWE3 L2VPN, MPLS-TP, LDP, RSVPTE, BFD,
LSP-Ping, Y.1731
Basic Layer 2 Suite
VLAN, RSTP, MSTP, GVRP, GMRP, MRP,
Link Aggregation, IGMP(v3) Snooping
Security
802.1x, SSL, SSH, Radius, ACL
Advance Layer 2 Suite - Virtual Switch Contacts, E-OAM, ECFM, Provider Bridging, PBB, PBB-TE,
G.8031, G.8032, IEEE 1588 PTP
OpenFlow Client
Chassis Management
Hot Swap Mgmt, Redundancy
Mgmt, Hitless Restart
OpenFlow Fast Path Accelerator
O
p
e
n
F
l
o
w

C
l
i
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n
t
Data Path
Block
NPAPI
Hardware Accelerator Pipeline
Load
Balancer
Block
Figure 3 : Aricents Fast Path Accelerator
Figure 4 : Aricents Intelligent Switch Solution
4 Realizing OpenFlow Switches with Aricent Frameworks
PURE OPENFLOW SWITCHES
Two possible cases for pure OpenFlow switch realization are:
> Case 1: Software-only OpenFlow switch implementation
on the system CPU
> Case 2: A Combination of hardware- and software-based
switches for pure OpenFlow
Aricents OpenFlow client is pre-integrated with Aricents FPA.
This pre-integrated solution can be leveraged to realize pure
OpenFlow switches. Both the OpenFlow client and FPA provide
the exibility for adding custom extensions. The FPA provides
additional hooks for customizations to the data path block. Hence,
extensions to the OpenFlow specication, such as OAM, BFD, etc.
that are being proposed in the revisions of the specication, can
be addressed on the data plane as well.
Case 1: Software-Only Pure OpenFlow Switch on Intels ATCA
Platform
The gure below depicts an OpenFlow switch on an Intel ATCA
platform using Aricents pre-integrated OpenFlow frameworks
like OpenFlow client and FPA. The Aricents FPA runs on Intels
DPDK on Linux OS in a multi-core processor environment. Aricents
OpenFlow client runs on one of the cores while the remaining split
cores run the Aricents FPA. An optional ofoad-processor can be
used for any specialized processing, such as security pipeline,
pattern matching, etc.
The external OpenFlow controller can use the OpenFlow interface
provided by the OpenFlow client to program the switching logic.
The OpenFlow client internally programs the FPAs ow tables.
Data trafc ow in and out of the switch is as depicted in Figure 5.
Intelligent Switching Solution (ISS) is a comprehensive, feature-
rich software product for developing a wide range of intelligent
Ethernet switching applications, from entry-level, xed-port, fast
Ethernet switches to module-based Gigabit stackable switches
and Metro Ethernet-based carrier-class systems to data center,
as well as industrial switching solutions. A eld-proven software
product, ISS is an integral component to over 100 commercial
products developed by leading telecom equipment manufacturers.
ISS ofers Layer-2 switching, Layer-3 routing, MPLS transport,
security, system software features, and multiple management
interfaces. It is pre-integrated into a variety of silicon platforms
and operating systems. ISS can also be leveraged to build hybrid
OpenFlow network equipment.
ISS supports enabling OpenFlow at the ports/VLAN level. Ports/
VLANs can be provisioned as either OpenFlow ports/VLANs or
traditional ports/VLANs. Trafc coming in through physical and
logical ports of an OpenFlow VLAN is processed at the OpenFlow
pipeline, while those coming in through traditional VLAN ports
are processed at the L2/L3 data plane.
Realizing OpenFlow Switches with
Aricent Frameworks
Aricents OpenFlow frameworks can be leveraged to build both
pure and hybrid OpenFlow switches and routers. This section
describes how each can be achieved.
Aricent Fast Path Accelerator
Aricent OpenFlow Client Stack
Aricent OpenFlow
Controller and
Congurator
DPDK
NIC
Communication/Ofoad Processor:
Cave Creek
Multi-core Processor
PMD Driver .ko
Poll Mode Driver (PMD)
Core 1 Core 2 Core 3 Core 4
Linux IP Stack
OpenFlow Ports
OF-Cong
OpenFlow
Kernel Space
User Space
Data Trafc
Flow Table Programming
Figure 5: OpenFlow Switch on Intel ATCA Platform
5 Realizing OpenFlow Switches with Aricent Frameworks
> Case 1: Upgrading an existing equipment for hybrid OpenFlow
capabilities
> Case 2: Building a hybrid OpenFlow equipment from the
ground up
Both of the above cases can be achieved by leveraging the
current ISS release with OpenFlow support. The Common
Forwarding Agent (CFA) in ISS evaluates the data trafc at any
given time and passes it on for either OpenFlow pipeline processing
or for the traditional pipeline processing, depending which type
of VLAN the trafc arrived. Data trafc from OpenFlow VLANs is
processed at the OpenFlow pipeline, while data traffic from
traditional VLANs is processed at the normal pipeline. The
solution provides built-in control of resource partitioning across
the two domains realized on the same merchant silicon. This can
be customized further by the equipment vendors to diferentiate
their solution. The hybrid solution supports the ow of OpenFlow
traffic, traditional or legacy traffic, and traffic flow across the
two domains.
For equipment with customers own control planes, the pre-
integrated OpenFlow client and FPA solution can be incorporated
quickly to enable OpenFlow support for the equipment.
Case 2: Merchant Silicon-Based Pure OpenFlow Switch
The interfaces published by Aricents OpenFlow client can be
programmed to use the merchant silicon for forwarding some
or all of the ows.
Support for a combination of software- and hardware-based
forwarding enables equipment vendors to implement diferent
ows in diferent devices. For example, the macro ows can be
handled in hardware and the ne grained controlled ows can be
handled on the FPA, both under the control of the OpenFlow client.
Aricents OpenFlow client provides reference fast-path
implementations on leading merchant silicon platform for
OpenFlow pipeline processing.
HYBRID OPENFLOW SWITCHES
It is widely understood that it is not realistic to completely rip of
the conventional networking devices present in todays networks
and replace them with pure OpenFlow devices. It is critical to
follow a gradual migration path by introducing OpenFlow support
along with the traditional control planes in the existing network
devices. Hence, hybrid OpenFlow solutions are currently in need.
This section covers how hybrid OpenFlow equipment can be
realized leveraging Aricents frameworks, including:
Server/Management Station(s)
Legacy NMS OpenFlow Controller
Aricent Frameworks for OpenFlow
Aricent Intelligent Switch Solution (ISS)
Management - CLI, SNMP, WebUI
Aricent OpenFlow Client (OFC)
Aricent Fast Path Accelerator (FPA)
System CPU Merchant Switching Silicon
Hardware Layer
Ports of OpenFlow VLAN
Legend
Ports of Conventional L2/L3 VLANs
Aricent Frameworks
System Functions, ACL, QoS, Mirroring,
Chassis Management, System Monitoring, DHCP, etc.
Traditional Control Plane Protocols for
L2 Switching, L3 Routing, MPLS, DCB, CE
Porting Layer for Switching Silicon
Hardware Abstraction Layer
Figure 6: Hybrid OpenFlow Switch
6 Realizing OpenFlow Switches with Aricent Frameworks
SDN Solutions Enabled by Aricents
OpenFlow
Until now, innovations in networking were mostly around
increasing the throughput or packet-forwarding capacity of
network devices such as routers and switches. However, Software
Dened Networks (SDN) changed the way networks were designed,
developed, and deployed. SDN provides signicant opportunities
for service providers to optimize their network architecture, launch
newer services, and monetize better.
Aricents OpenFlow frameworks enable a number of solutions
for OEMs/ODMs, Network Service Providers (NSPs), and Cloud
Service Providers (CSPs). This section outlines a few solutions
that are enabled by Aricents OpenFlow frameworks.
SDN-ENABLED WLAN SOLUTION
Today, WLAN controllers use proprietary protocols to manage
access points deployed in the network. While using proprietary
protocols may be sufcient in an enterprise or campus deployment
where access points are supplied by a single vendor, it may be
inadequate for a multi-vendor deployment such as carrier Wi-Fi
deployment, where service providers roll out thousands of hotspots.
This brings the need for a standard protocol such as CAPWAP for
the management of access points. With service providers adopting
SDN, OEMs are looking for ways to integrate SDN and WLAN
architectures. Aricents OpenFlow client can be integrated with
WLAN Access Controller (AC) or Access Points (AP) to provide
a complete SDN-enabled WLAN solution. Here are the benets
of the solution:
> Unied policies for wired and WLAN networks
> Centralized management and monitoring of both wired and
WLAN networks
> Highly scalable architecture for enterprise and carrier Wi-Fi
deployments
> Increased programmability and ne-grained control of WLAN
functions
For deployments in which user data trafc is routed from access
points to the access controllers, OpenFlow client functionality is
implemented in the WLAN access controller. The possible
deployments include thin AP, such as in enterprise and campus
Wi-Fi networks. For deployments in which user data traffic is
routed from APs directly to the outside network, OpenFlow client
functionality is implemented in the WLAN APs. The possible
deployments include fat AP, such as in carrier Wi-Fi networks.
Aricents OpenFlow client framework can be integrated into OEMs
existing WLAN access controller and WLAN AP products.
Alternatively, OEMs can license Aricents OpenFlow enabled WLAN
Switching Solutions (WSS), which include the complete WLAN
access controller and AP framework integrated with OpenFlow
client software.
Figure 7: WLAN Controller in the SDN Architecture (Solution A)
Figure 8: WLAN Controller in the SDN Architecture (Solution B)
WLAN and Policy
Management Apps
OpenFlow
(Flow Tables
Management)
WLAN
Controller
User
Data Trafc
Access Points
(running
CAPWAP
Client)
CAPWAP
(Device
Management)
OpenFlow
Client
CAPWAP Server
Existing L2/L3
function in WLAN
Controller
SDN Controller
SDN
Applications
Integrated
WLAN and
SDN
Controller
OpenFlow
(Flow Tables
Management)
CAPWAP
(Device
Management)
User
Data
Trafc
Access
Points
Radio
Mgmt
OpenFlow
Client
CAPWAP
Client
Roaming
Policy
Control
QoS
Analytics
OpenFlow
Client
CAPWAP
Client
Existing L2/L3
Functions in
WLAN
Controller
SDN
Controller
CAPWAP
SDN-ENABLED BROADBAND ACCESS SOLUTION
Service providers are discovering ways to optimize their network
architecture to save on the CAPEX, to reduce OPEX, and to roll out
innovative services quickly. OEMs can enable service providers
to significantly cut down on costs and provide additional
monetizable services to their customers by developing SDN-
enabled solutions. One such solution for service providers is
virtualizing network functions such as Customer Premise
7 Realizing OpenFlow Switches with Aricent Frameworks
international private line. SDN architecture expects OSS
solution to become more open
> OSS architecture has to migrate from proprietary/non-
standard network management technologies to standard
SDN-based management technologies (e.g., OF Cong and
OpenFlow protocols)
> Network management interfaces have to be abstracted to
simplify the management of networks in a multi-vendor
deployment
> Enabling programmability and dynamic provisioning of
network services (e.g., dynamically varying bandwidth for
applications instead of statically provisioning of bandwidth)
OEMs can help service providers solve the above challenges by
building products with Aricents OpenFlow client framework,
which provides the following benets for a carrier network solution:
> Standards-compliant OpenFlow implementation that
interoperates with popular SDN controllers in the market
such as Floodlight, Trema, and NOX
> Supports multiple flow tables for service providers to
congure policies such as QoS and rate-limiting
> Scales up to 1 million ow entries in the software and is ideal
for deployments in edge routing or switching products
> Supports hybrid architecture for coexistence with legacy
routers/switches in the core or on the edge
Equipment (CPE) and Broadband Remote Access Servers (BRAS).
Today, CPE provides a number of network functions such as
rewall, access control, policy management, and discovering/
connecting devices at home using DLNA or UPnP. Service
providers can cut cost, by embracing SDN and by virtualizing the
CPE functions. In an SDN architecture, OpenFlow can be used for
ow-table management in Residential Gateway (RG). Aricents
OpenFlow client framework can be integrated into existing or
new RG solutions.
The following are some benefits of using Aricents Intelligent
Switching Solutions (ISS) and OpenFlow client for virtualized
applications:
> Scalable for low CPU/memory footprint deployments such
as RGs and CPEs
> Supports hybrid architectures where the CPE is connected
to both legacy and SDN-enabled networks
> Licensable as a complete solution (i.e., OpenFlow-enabled
residential gateway solution) or a standalone OpenFlow
client-stack framework
SDN-ENABLED CARRIER NETWORK SOLUTION
Software Dened Networking (SDN) is forcing service providers
to redene their network architecture. Some of the challenges
faced by service providers in migrating to SDN architecture are:
> OSS typically has point solutions designed to manage a range
of services such as IP, VPN, VOIP, video conferencing, and
Residential Gateways OF Cong (Device Mgmt)
OF Cong
OpenFlow
(Flow Mgmt)
RG
Flow Tables
NAPT Bindings
Data Forwarding
SDN Controller
Route Calculation and Propagation
Device Management
Network Monitoring
vCPE
Access Functions (DHCP,
PPP/oE, DLNA/UPnP, SNTP)
Policy Management (Firewall,
ACL, Rate-Limiting, etc.)
OpenFlow Client Thin ISS
Thin ISS
OpenFlow Client Thin ISS
SDN Controller
Cloud
Cloud Controller
vCPE
Internet
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
Figure 9: Aricents vCPE Solution
8 Realizing OpenFlow Switches with Aricent Frameworks
Conclusion
Aricents OpenFlow frameworks enable equipment vendors to
gain competitive edge in the fast-growing OpenFlow/SDN market.
Aricents OpenFlow client is pre-integrated with our industry
leading ISS solution, which can be leveraged to build hybrid
OpenFlow switches and routers. The OpenFlow client is platform-
agnostic and pre-integrated into leading silicon platforms. Aricents
OpenFlow Fast Path Accelerator on Intels DPDK and reference
porting layer implementation for leading silicon platform ofers
compelling advantages to equipment vendors by oferingworld-
class design, development, testing, and sustenance services to
help customers bring innovative SDN and OpenFlow solutions
to market. Coupled with Aricents deep domain expertise in data
center, transport, and enterprise networks, we help deliver
solutions across the SDN spectrum.
For more information, visit
aricent.com/software/software-dened-networking.html
MADHAVI RAVANAN
is a Senior Manager at Aricent,
driving strategic technology
initiatives in wireline across
OpenFlow/SDN, NFV, WLAN
and Cloud.
madhavi.ravanan@aricent.com
SARO VELRAJAN
is a director of Technology at
Aricent. He has 15 years of
experience working for companies
such as Cisco, Ericsson, and Juniper,
specializing in broadband access,
WLAN, content delivery, and
software-dened networks.
saravanan.velrajan@aricent.com
Inventory & Audit Manager
Accounting
Server
Analytics and
Reporting
Device Cong
Manager
Alarms & Events
Manager
Bandwidth
Management
Topology
Manager
OpenFlow
Client
Existing L2/L3
Functions
Network
Monitor
Route
Manager
API for Integration with Northbound System
(Service Provisioning/Activation, etc.)
Network Operation
and Control (NOC)
Logs Collector Subscriber Database
and Policy Server
Network
Monitoring
Console
SDN Controller
Notherbound API Notherbound API
Analytics and
Statistics
Traps or Events
NMS
Core Network
OF Cong Based
Device Conguration
(OpenFlow Management
and Conguration Protocol)
OpenFlow
(Route Provisioning
Network Monitoring
Topology Updates)
Hybrid
Edge Router
OpenFlow
Client
Existing L2/L3
Functions
OpenFlow
Client
Existing L2/L3
Functions
Figure 10: SDN-Enabled Carrier Network
2014 Aricent. All rights reserved.
All Aricent brand and product names are service marks, trademarks, or registered marks of Aricent in the United States and other countries.
frog, the global leader in innovation and design, based in San Francisco is part of Aricent.
The companys key investors are Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co. and Sequoia Capital.
info@aricent.com
Aricent is the worlds premier engineering services and software company.
We specialize in inventing, developing and maintaining our clients most ambitious
initiatives. Combining more than 20 years of engineering expertise with a force of more
than 10,000 dedicated product engineers, Aricent is the only company in the world that
list of global companies, bringing the next generation of breakthrough, innovative
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