Diaper Patterns.

The Sector, Polygon, and Star. 13

11. Mural painting, Assisi, (VorbilJer fiir Fabrikanten und Hand-
werker).
12. Old Italian mural painting, San Francesco, Assisi, (Hessemer).
Plate 7. Diaper Patterns, with Mixed lines.
10. Old Italian mural painting San Francesco, Assisi, (Hessemer).
The Sector, The Polygon, and the Star.
Polygons and Stars are of frequent occurrence in ornamental
design. The Sector is the foundation of Rosettes. The Polygon and
the Star are often used as Frames to Ornaments. They also serve
as compartments in coffer Ceilings and composite ornamental designs.
In this case, they are frequently divided into smaller figures, as will
be seen in the following plates.
Plate 8 gives the shape, and construction of those which most
frequently occur; followed by some examples of their application.
Plate 8. Radiating Figures, &c.
1
4. The Sector, produced by the regular division of circles.
5. The Square, described obliquely in a circle.
6. The Square formed by the juxtaposition of right angles and
cutting-off the lengths for the sides.
7. The regular Octagon, described obliquely in a circle.
8. The regular Octagon, described in the square by 'measuring
half diagonals from its angles.
9. The regular Triangle and Hexagon, formed by measuring the
radius, as chords, six times round the circumference.
10. The regular Duodecagon, formed by applying the radius
to the circle from the ends of two diameters at right angles
to each other.
11
12. The regular Pentagon and Decagon, formed by a construc-
tion based on tho theorem of the "Golden Mean", as shown
in the figures.
13. The regular five-pointed Star, formed by joining the alter-

nate points of five points placed at equal distances in the

circumference of a circle. Known in the history of magic
and witchcraft as the Pentagram or "Pentacle".
14. The regular six-pointed Star, formed by joining alternate
points placed at equal distances in the circumference of a
circle.