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    This document provides an overview of different types of column capitals from various architectural styles throughout history. It describes the basic forms and functions of capitals, and then gives examples from Egyptian, Persian, Moorish, and classical Greek and Roman styles. For the major classical styles it focuses on the Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian capitals, explaining their distinguishing characteristics such as the square abacus and circular echinus of the Doric capital, and the scroll volutes and palmettes of the Ionic capital.

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    This document provides an overview of different types of column capitals from various architectural styles throughout history. It describes the basic forms and functions of capitals, and then gives examples from Egyptian, Persian, Moorish, and classical Greek and Roman styles. For the major classical styles it focuses on the Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian capitals, explaining their distinguishing characteristics such as the square abacus and circular echinus of the Doric capital, and the scroll volutes and palmettes of the Ionic capital.

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    30 views1 page

    Plate: Profiled Shaft

    Uploaded by

    reacharunk
    This document provides an overview of different types of column capitals from various architectural styles throughout history. It describes the basic forms and functions of capitals, and then gives examples from Egyptian, Persian, Moorish, and classical Greek and Roman styles. For the major classical styles it focuses on the Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian capitals, explaining their distinguishing characteristics such as the square abacus and circular echinus of the Doric capital, and the scroll volutes and palmettes of the Ionic capital.

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    of 1

    The Ornamented Shaft.

    The Capital. 205


    Plate 126. The Profiled Shaft.
    1. Candelabrum-like column, tester-bed, French Renascence.
    2. Lower part of a column, Mayence cathedral.
    3. Lower part of column, Palais du Commerce, Lyons, (Raguenet).
    4. Column, diploma, Modern.
    5. Column, Modern, (Gerlach).
    The Capital. (Plates 127130.)
    The upper termination of the column is the Capital. The Capital
    forms the transition from the supporting Shaft to the superincumbent
    Weight. This transition may assume either geometrical or organic
    forms. Very frequently both systems are combined; so that, strictly
    speaking, we can only say that one system or the other predominates.
    The Egyptian capital is suggested by the cinctured bundle of
    Papyrus stems with buds (Plate 127. 4, 5),
    or with opened Papyrus
    or Lotus flowers, (Plate 127. 2, 3).
    Abnormal capitals are found in the Old Persian style. Plate
    127.
    1,
    gives an example from Persepolis, composed of the fore-parts
    of Bulls.
    As examples of Oriental forms: two Moorish capitals from the
    Alhambra in Granada are given on figs. 6 and 7 of. the same plate.
    Antique art adopts three general types of Capitals: Doric, Ionic
    and Corinthian.
    The Doric Capital consists of the abacus, which is square in plan,
    and the echinos, which is circular. The transition to the shaft is effec-
    ted by hollow mouldings and astragals. The Graeco-Doric Capital was
    painted. "Where the sides of the abacus are decorated: a Fret pattern
    is employed (Plate 127. 8).
    The echinos is a member of conflict,
    and is ornamented accordingly. In the Roman and Renascence styles
    plastic ornamentation takes the place of painting. The band of leaves
    becomes an egg-and-dart ornament (Plate 127. 10). Leaves pointing
    upward are sometimes used (Plate 127.
    9).
    At the top of the abacus
    a small moulding is used. A necking, generally decorated with
    rosettes, is interposed between Capital and Shaft. Similar rosettes
    decorate the spaces on the under side of the abacus (Plate 127.
    910).
    The Ionic Capital replaces the square abacus by a scroll rolled-
    in on both sides, in great volutes. The intervals, between the egg
    band and the scroll, are marked by palmettes. A neck may be added
    as in the Doric Capital, and it is frequently decorated with a pal-
    mette ornament (Plate 128.
    4
    5).
    The side view of the scroll
    shows plain profilings as on Plate 128. 1,
    decorated with leaves or
    scales in the richer examples. The Ionic Capital has two faces, and

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