Capacitor/Filter-Protection

Relay CPR 04
2
Capacitor/Filterprotection Relay CPR 04
Application
The CPR 04 provides compre-
hensive protection for the
capacitive, inductive and resis-
tive elements of three phase
medium and high voltage
shunt capacitor banks and har-
monic filter circuits.
The capacitor banks may have
a single star, double star, delta
or H configuration, with
internally fused, externally
fused or unfused capacitor units.
A high performance
protection relay for capacitor banks
and harmonic filter circuits
Operating mode software
selectable
(NORMAL / H-BRIDGE)
RS232 serial data port at
the front
Software selectable RS232
or RS485 serial data port at
the rear
Time stamping function for
trip history and setting menu
Introduction
The Trench CPR 04 is a com-
prehensive, numeric protection
relay, featuring:
Compact draw-out design
Panel or 19 inch rack mounting
Four software configurable
measuring elements
Five configurable output relays
One self-supervision
output relay
User configurable, to cater
for a wide range of relay
settings
3
NORMAL MODE - Protective functions
Peak repetitive
overvoltage protection
For each phase, CPR 04 deter-
mines the peak repetitive capa-
citor voltage using advanced
Digital Signal Processor (DSP)
techniques, by integrating the
measured line current wave-
form, to give a signal represen-
ting the voltage waveform ap-
plied to the capacitor bank.
The peak repetitive voltage of
this signal is then extracted,
and compared to adjustable
thresholds. For calculated peak
repetitive voltages above the
thresholds, a starter signal is
output, and the inverse time
ANSI capacitor temporary over-
voltage withstand curve respec-
tively adjustable definite timers
define the time before trip sig-
nals are output.
Thermal overcurrent
protection
For each phase, CPR 04 pro-
tects a capacitor bank / har-
monic filter circuit from excess
thermal current stressing, by
modelling the thermal response
of the circuit to the rms hea-
ting current, Irms. A second
order thermal model and asso-
ciated adjustable heating / coo-
ling time constant is then used
to continuously calculate the
thermal current response lth, to
the rms heating current. Ith is
compared to adjustable thres-
holds, which are linked to adju-
stable definite timers. Trip sig-
nals are output, if the associa-
ted threshold is exceeded for
the definite time set.
Star point
unbalance protection
CPR 04 measures the star point
unbalance current, and calcula-
tes the fundamental frequency
component, Iub.
This can then be compensated,
in magnitude and phase angle
to zero, to enable detection of
further changes, in both
magnitude and phase angle,
(Iub). The magnitude is a
measure of the change in capa-
citance in any leg of a double
star capacitor bank arrange-
ment, whereas the phase angle
indicates the leg in which the
change in capacitance has oc-
curred.
The magnitude of ()Iub is con-
tinuously compared with adju-
stable thresholds, each with an
adjustable definite timer.
Trip signals are output, if the
associated thresholds are ex-
ceeded for the definite times set.
Line current
unbalance protection
The monitoring of line current
unbalance provides a means of
detecting changes in impedance
resulting from failures and
faults within the capacitor
bank / harmonic filter circuit.
These faults or failures invari-
ably result in an unbalance in
the fundamental frequency
component of the line currents.
CPR 04 calculates the funda-
mental frequency line current
unbalance, Ilub, from the three
phase line currents. Ilub is con-
tinuously compared with adju-
stable thresholds each with an
adjustable definite timer. Trip
signals are output if the asso-
ciated thresholds are exceeded
for the definite times set.
The sensitivity of line current
unbalance protection is
limited by the effect of supply
voltage unbalance on the line
currents. Nevertheless, line cur-
rent unbalance protection is
useful as back-up protection to
star point unbalance protection.
Earth fault protection
CPR 04 calculates the funda-
mental frequency earth fault
current, Io , as the magnitude
of the vector sum of the three
phase line currents. Io is com-
pared with adjustable thres-
holds each with an adjustable
definite timer. Trip signals are
output, if the associated thres-
holds are exceeded for the de-
finite times set.
Fundamental frequency
overcurrent protection
For each phase, CPR 04 calcu-
lates the fundamental frequen-
cy component, I1 , of the line
current. I1 is continuously com-
pared with adjustable thres-
holds each with an adjustable
definite timer. Trip signals are
output, if the associated thres-
holds are exceeded for the de-
finite times set.
RMS -
overcurrent protection
For each phase, CPR 04 calcu-
lates the rms current, Irms ,
(fundamental + harmonics up
to the 50th). Irms is continuously
compared with adjustable
thresholds each with an adju-
stable definite timer.
Trip signals are output if the
associated thresholds are ex-
ceeded for the definite times set.
Undercurrent protection
For each phase, CPR 04 calcu-
lates I1 , the fundamental fre-
quency component of the line
current. I1 is continuously
compared with an adjustable
undercurrent threshold, I1<,
with an associated adjustable
definite timer. With the capaci-
torbank / harmonic filter circuit
breaker on, if the mains power
supply fails, as indicated by a
drop in I1 below I1< for longer
than the definite time set, then
the undercurrent trip signal
is output.
Breaker fail protection
If I1 remains above the under-
current threshold for longer
than the adjustable definite
time after the breaker switches
off, or after a trip output signal
has been given by CPR 04,
then this indicates a failure of
the breaker, and the breaker
fail signal is output. This signal
can be used trip to an up-stre-
am breaker.
Capacitor bank
discharge timer
CPR 04 provides the necessary
logic, and a breaker inhibit
output signal, Bena, to inhibit
the re-energization of the
capacitor bank / harmonic filter
circuit breaker, for an
adjustable definite time since
de-energization
Event Trip
CPR 04 provides the necessary
logic, to trip any of the output
relays via a change in the status
of the digital input.
4
NORMAL MODE - Protective functions
5
H configuration
capacitor bank
unbalance protection
In an alternative user-configu-
rable operating mode, CPR 04
provides fundamental frequency
H configuration capacitor
bank unbalance protection
only. This provides sensitive un-
balance protection indepen-
dently for each phase of a ca-
pacitor bank.
For each phase the CPR04 calcu-
lates the fundamental compo-
nent of the measured unbalance
current. The natural unbalance
of each phase can then be com-
pensated in amplitude and phase
angle, to detect subsequent
changes. (a/b/c lub)
The unbalance current ()a/b/c
lub is then compared to adju-
stable thresholds, each with an
adjustable timer. Trip signals
are output, if the thresholds
are exceeded for the definite
times set.
H-BRIDGE MODE - Protective function
Measuring elements
Four current measuring elements
are provided within CPR 04.
The nominal current (1A/5A)
can be set in the menu.
Relay outputs
CPR 04 has six output relays.
The functionality of output
relays 1 to 5 is user configura-
ble. The user may program the
relays to be manual or self-
resetting, and to be normally
energized or de-energized
during the power-up healthy
condition. In addition, the user
may direct any of the binary
output signals of the protective
functions to output relays 1 to 5.
Output relay 6 is the self-super-
vision relay for CPR 04, and is
energized in the power-up,
normal condition, and de-ener-
gizes on loss of auxiliary power
supply, or on failure of CPR 04
internal power supply, micro-
processor hardware, software
or memory.
Contact forms
Output relays 1 to 6 each have
one change-over contact. As
default, all output relays are
supplied with the normally
open (relay de-energized)
contacts wired to the terminal
Relay design
block. However, the user can
easily change the contacts of
the output relays to be as re-
quired by the application.
Auxiliary power supply
A high efficiency, low loss, wide
range AC/DC auxiliary power
supply is provided within CPR 04.
Special care has been taken to
minimize the overall standing
load of CPR 04 on the DC stati-
on batteries or AC busbar vol-
tage supply.
The CPR 04 nominal auxiliary
power supply voltage is 30 -
250 V ac/dc. For the operative
range see technical specificati-
ons, page 10.
Time stamping
CPR04 features a built in real
time clock which allows to time
and date stamp trip events as
well as modifications to set-
tings and status registers. The
clock is backed up by a main-
tenance free supercap.
Serial data port
CPR 04 is provided with a
RS232 frontport and a soft-
wareselectable RS232 or RS485
serial data port at the rear for
data communications between
an intelligent host device and
the protection relay.
The RS232 port at the front
also allows for future firmware
upgrades as additional func-
tions and features might be
added.
The serial data port can be
used for the following purposes:
Downloading of a set-up file
to a CPR 04.
Uploading from a CPR 04 of
the set-up file currently
active within the relay.
Uploading from a CPR 04 of
any error codes, or alarm
and trip annunciation
messages.
The uploading from a CPR 04
of various instantaneous
parameters, measured and
calculated by the relay
during normal operation.
Interconnection into a
SCADA system using
MODBUS RTU protocol
6
Interactive configuration of
the protection relay
During testing:
Interactive self testing of the
protection relay
After failure:
Annunciation of any protec-
tion relay hardware, soft-
ware or memory failures de-
tected during self-testing of
the protection, by display of
the relevant error codes.
Test facilities
While CPR 04 is in service, it
continuously performs various
self-testing functions, and if
any errors or failures are detec-
ted, the corresponding error
code(s) will be displayed, and
the self-supervision output
relay will de-energize, to signal
the malfunction. These self-
tests include tests of the micro-
processor, RAM, ROM and
EEPROM.
In addition, a further set of
hardware diagnostic tests may
be performed on the protec-
tion relay by the user, to test
and check the functionality of
the measurement offsets for
elements 1 to 4, the digital
input, relay outputs, keypad,
LCD display and LEDs.
Relay design
LED indicators
Three LED indicators are provi-
ded on the front panel of CPR
04, as follows:
Green LED:
This indicates that the auxili-
ary power supply is on, and
the self-supervision output
relay is energized, indicating
that the protection relay is
healthy.
Yellow LED:
This indicates that one (or
more) of the starter
binary outputs signals of a
protection function is (are) at
logic 1 (high), and that the
protection relay may trip if
the condition persists.
Red LED:
This indicates that a trip
condition has occurred
that has not yet been reset
and / or acknowledged.
LCD display
A two line, 16 character, full
alpha-numeric, back-lit, Liquid
Crystal Display (LCD) is provi-
ded on the front panel of CPR
04 for the following purposes:
During normal operation:
The display of various mea-
sured and calculated
parameters, together with
the low-set thresholds
associated with these
parameters.
After a relay trip condition:
Annunciation of all the fault
conditions after a trip, inclu-
ding the value of the fault
currents and voltages at the
instant of trip, and the relay
trip time after occurance of
the fault condition.
During relay configuration
and normal operation:
Display of the current and
voltage thresholds and timer
settings for each element, and
display of each output relay
configuration and check-sum.
During relay configuration:
7
Housing and terminals
CPR 04 is housed in a draw-out
chassis within a fixed case. This
housing is particularly suitable
for both flush mounting and
19 inch rack mounting. The
case is designed for indoor use
in tropical climate and is desi-
gned to withstand shock, vi-
bration and the ingress of dust
and moisture.
A terminal block, with 28 re-
cessed terminals, is provided on
the fixed case. Standard screw
terminals, or fast-on connectors,
can be used on the terminal
block, for the external connec-
tions to the protection relay.
Withdrawing the protection
relay module automatically
short circuits the current trans-
former terminals.
Keypad
A five button key-pad is provi-
ded on the front panel of CPR
04 for the following purposes:
Interactive configuration of
the protection relay
Acknowledgment and
resetting of trip conditions
Hardware diagnostic testing
PC based
software package
A Windows based software
package is available for CPR 04
to exploit its communication
facilities. This software package
enables the user to create, edit,
save, open and print any
number of CPR 04 set-up files
on a PC, and to download or
upload a set-up file to or from
a CPR 04, either directly or via
MODEM. In addition, all the
other facilities and functions of
the serial data port, as detailed
above, can be exploited using
this software package.
Digital input
CPR 04 is provided with an
optically isolated, binary
(on / off), voltage input channel.
Any voltage from 30 - 250 V
AC/DC applied to this input
channel will signal that the
input is active.
The functionality of the digital
input is depending on the
setting in the relevant menu.
8
Relay design
General characteristics
Applicable standard IEC 60255 and EN 50263
Operating temperature range -10 to +55 C to IEC 60068-2-2
Storage temperature range -20 to +70 C to IEC 60068-2-2
Humidity 4 days, 95% RH,
with temperature cycled between +25
O
C and + 45
O
C,
to IEC 60068-2-3
Enclosure degree of protection IP50 to IEC 60529
Shock and bump Shock: 15g, 3 pulses per direction, per axis. (total 18 times).
Bump : 10g, 1000 pulses per direction, per axis (total 6000 times).
To IEC 60255-21-2
Vibration 9,8ms
-2
(1g) constant frequency from 10 to 150 Hz per axis.
To IEC 60255-21-1
Power frequency voltage withstand 2 kV rms 50 Hz for 1 minute, from all terminals to case (earth),
and between terminals of independent circuits.
1,5 kV rms across open contacts of output relays.
To IEC 60255-5
Impulse voltage withstand 5 kV peak, 1,2/50 s waveshape, 0,5 J energy content,
10 shots in each polarity, between all terminals and case (earth),
and between terminals of independent circuits.
To IEC 60255-5
Insulation resistance 50 Mminimum at 500 VDC, to IEC 60255-5
Immunity to high frequency 2,5 kV peak between independent circuits, and to case (earth).
disturbances 1 kV peak across terminals of the same circuit.
(1MHz burst disturbance test) To IEC 60255-22-1
Immunity to electrostatic 8 kV discharge in air
discharges 6 kV point contact discharge
(Electrostatic discharge test) To IEC 60255-22-2 and EN 50263
Immunity to fast transient bursts 4kV supply lines / 2kV input & output lines /
(Fast transient burst test) 1kV communication lines
To IEC 60255-22-4 and EN 50263
Immunity to high frequency 10 V / m, 100% PM, at 900 MHz
electromagnetic fields 10 V, 80% AM, from 150 kHz to 80 MHz as well as
10 V / m, 80% AM, from 80 MHz to 1000 MHz, to EN 50263
Immunity to surge voltages 2kV peak common / 1kV peak differential
To EN 61000-4-5 and EN 50263
Immunity to voltage interruptions 230 VAC 100% interruption 200ms
110 VDC 100% interruption 50ms
To EN61000-4-11
Harmonics and flicker of main current To EN 61000-3-2
Conducted emissions To EN 50263, from 150 kHz to 30 MHz.
Radiated emissions To EN 50263, from 30 MHz to 1000 MHz.
Nett Mass 3 kg
Overall dimensions 103(w) x 177(h) x 248(d)
9
Technical specifications
Measuring Quantity 4
elements Nominal rated current, In 1A or 5A selectable in the software
Continuous current 15A
Short time current 300A for 1s
Burden <40m
Accuracy of measurement +/- 2% of nominal rated current
Auxiliary power Nominal rated voltage, Vx 30 250V AC / DC
supply Operative range AC / DC 40 - 250V AC / 30 - 300V DC
Burden with DC supply <14W with all relays and back-light ON
Burden with AC supply <24VA with all relays and back-light ON
Output relays Quantity Alarm / trip relays: 5 Self-supervision relay: 1
Contact form (per relay) 1 changeover contact (form C), user configurable
as N/O or N/C
Load Resistive load: Inductive load:
(cos = 1) (cos = 0,4 L/R = 7 ms)
K1 Rated load 5A at 250 VAC 3,5A at 250 VAC
1A at 220 VDC 0,8A at 220 VDC
3A at 110 VDC 2A at 110 VDC
5A at 48 VDC 4A at 48 VDC
Max. operating voltage 380VAC, 250 VDC
K2, K3, K4, K5, K6 Rated load 5A at 250 VAC 3,5A at 250 VAC
5A at 30 VDC 2,5A at 30 VDC
Rated carry current 5A
Max. operating voltage 380VAC, 125 VDC
Min. permissible load 100mA at 5 VDC
Digital input Quantity 1
channel Function Breaker on; Remote reset; Event trip
Isolation Optically isolated
Type 30 250V AC / DC voltage input
Pushbuttons Function >, <,
^
, , and ACCEPT (red)
Type Miniature spring loaded manual pushbuttons
Display Type Back-lit Liquid Crystal Display (LCD),
with full alpha-numeric character set
Screen Size 16 character x 2 line
Character height 4mm
Indicators Type Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs)
Function Green : POWER ON / HEALTHY
Yellow : START (ALARM)
Red : TRIP
Serial data port Quantity 2
Isolation Optically isolated
Frontport type RS232 via DB9 socket
Rearport type RS232 or RS485 selectable in the software
Baudrate (kBd) 2.4 up to 115.2 for each port seperatly selectable
Real Time Clock Functionality Date; Weekday; HH:MM:SS
Accuracy +/- 30 s per month
Backup Supercap (>14 days without power)
^
10
11
Block diagram
nderungen vorbehalten
04.09
E 647
Trench Austria GmbH
Paschinger Strae 49
AT-4060 Linz-Leonding/Austria
Phone +43.732.6793-0
Fax +43.732.671341
email sales.at@trench-group.com
Trench Brasil LTDA
Via Expressa de Contagem, 2685
CEP 32370-485
Contagem, Minas Gerais/Brasil
Phone +55.31.391-5959
Fax +55.31.391-1828
email sales@trench.com.br
Trench China Limited
3658 Jiang Cheng Road
Minhang, Shanghai 200245
P.R. China
Phone +86.21.64630088
Fax +86.21.64637828
email sales.cn@trench-group.com
Trench France S.A.
16, rue du Gnral Cassagnou
B.P. 70
FR-68302 St-Louis/France
Phone +33.3.89 70 23 23
Fax +33.3.89 67 26 63
email sales.fr@trench-group.com
Trench Germany GmbH
Nrnberger Strae 199
DE-96050 Bamberg/Germany
Phone +49.951.1803-0
Fax +49.951.1803-224
email sales.de@trench-group.com
Trench Italia S.r.l.
Strada Curagnata 37
IT-17014 Cairo-Montenotte/Italy
Phone +39.019.5161.111
Fax +39.019.5161.401
email sales.it@trench-group.com
Trench Limited
Coil Product Division
71 Maybrook Drive, Scarborough
Ontario, Canada M1V 4B6
Phone +1.416.298-8108
Fax +1.416.298-2209
email sales.ca@trench-group.com
Trench Limited
Instrument Transformer Division
390 Midwest Road, Scarborough
Ontario, Canada M1P 3B5
Phone +1.416.751-8570
Fax +1.416.751-6952
email sales.ca@trench-group.com
Trench Switzerland AG
Lehenmattstrae 353
CH-4052 Basel/Switzerland
Phone +41.61.315 51 11
Fax +41.61.315 59 00
ema il sales.ch@trench-group.com
Trench (UK) Limited
South Drive
Hebburn
Tyne & Wear
NE31 1UW, Great Britain
Phone +44.191.483.4711
Fax +44.191.430.0633
email sales.uk@trench-group.com
www.trenchgroup.com