Engr. Ayaz Waseem ( Lecturer/Lab Engr.

, CED) Columns
LECTURE # 3
1. TRIAL SIZE OF COLUMN:
Approximate formula;
i. For tied columns,
y c
y x u
trial g
f f
M M
A
008 . 0 ' 43 . 0
2 2
) (
+
+ +

ii. For spiral columns,

y c
y x u
trial g
f f
M M
A
01 . 0 ' 0 . 0
2 2
) (
+
+ +

2. CONCENTRICALLY LOADED SHORT COLUMN:

!olumn is said to "e a s#ort column if it satisfies t#e follo$in% condition;

2
1
12 34
M
M
r
l !
u

&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&...
(1)
For rectan%ular section, r " 0.3 #min
$#ere, #min is t#e least column dimension.
And for concentricall' loaded column, $ " 0.( and
0
2
1
=
M
M
)uttin% t#ese *alues in e+uation (1),
34
3 . 0
( . 0
min

#
l
u
, . 13
min

#
l
u
or
, . 13
Dimension Column Least
Lengt#
&&&&&. (1)
-o$, for circular section, r " 0.2 D
$#ere, D is t#e column diameter.
)uttin% t#ese *alues in e+uation (1),
34
2 . 0
( . 0

D
l
u
33 . 11
D
l
u
or
33 . 11
Diameter Column
Lengt#
&&&&&&&& (2)
1
Engr. Ayaz Waseem ( Lecturer/Lab Engr., CED) Columns
.f a"o*e conditions in e+uation (1) and (2) are satisfied t#en t#e column is said to "e a
s#ort column.
3. DESIGN PROBLEM:
An axiall' loaded s#ort column #as a len%t# of 4m and carries a factored load (u)
of 2000 /-. 0t#er data is as follo$s;
fc% 1 28 2)a
fy 1 420 2)a
2aximum a%%re%ate si3e 1 20 mm
4sin% 45 !ustomar' 6ars desi%n t#e column as;
i. 5+uare tied column.
ii. !ircular spiral column.
&olution'
i. Desig !" S#$%&e Tie' C!($):
578) 19 Area Calculations'
y c
y x u
trial g
f f
M M
A
008 . 0 ' 43 . 0
2 2
) (
+
+ +
=

( ) ( )
2
) (
13 . 12:8(0
420 008 . 0 28 43 . 0
0 ) 1000 2000 (
mm A
trial g
=
+
+
=
7rial si3e of column 1
( ) 3,1 3,1
mm
5a', trial si3e of column is,

( ) 3( 3(
mm
578) 29 C#ec$ for t#e ty(e of column'
, . 13 ( . 10
3(
4000
< = =
Dimension Column Least
Lengt#
7#erefore, it is a s#ort column.
578) 39 )einforcement calculations'
For a tied column,
u " n " ( 0., x 0.8 ) ; 0.8 fc%Ag < ( fy = 0.8 fc% )Ast >
2
Engr. Ayaz Waseem ( Lecturer/Lab Engr., CED) Columns
( 2000 x 1000 ) 1 (0., x 0.8) ( ) ( ) [ ] { }
st
A 28 8 . 0 420 3( 28 8 . 0
2
+
Ast " 12,0.2 mm
*
578) 49 )einforcement )atio c#ec$'
1
2
3(
2 . 12,0
=
# b
A
st
1 0.00: ? 0.01 ( Not Satisfied )
7#erefore,
1 min 1 1% 1 0.01
5o,
Ast " 0.01 x (3()
2
@ 140( mm
*
5electin%,
* # 1+ B%&s
578) 9 Design of ties'
As maximum diameter of t#e lon%itudinal "ars is ? 32 mm, so,
Aiameter of t#e ties 1 10 mm
5pacin% of t#e ties 1 2inimum of;
a. 1, x 1, 1 32 mm.
". 48 x 10 1 480 mm.
c. Beast column dimension 1 3( mm.
d. 300 mm. ( Governs )
7#erefore,
5pacin% of t#e ties, & " 300 mm.
N!,e: .n t#is step s#ape of t#e ties is not %i*en. .n step ,, s#ape of t#e ties is decided
durin% detailin%.
578) ,9 Detailing'
3
Engr. Ayaz Waseem ( Lecturer/Lab Engr., CED) Columns
ii. Desig !" Ci&-$(%& S.i&%( C!($):
578) 19 Area Calculations'
y c
y x u
trial g
f f
M M
A
01 . 0 ' 0 . 0
2 2
) (
+
+ +
=

( ) ( )
2
) (
11 . 10:8:0
420 01 . 0 28 0 . 0
0 ) 1000 2000 (
mm A
trial g
=
+
+
=
7rial diameter of column, D " 3(4 mm
5a', trial diameter of column is,
D " 3( mm
578) 29 C#ec$ for t#e ty(e of column'
33 . 11 ( . 10
3(
4000
< = =
Column of Diameter
Lengt#
7#erefore, it is a s#ort column.
578) 39 )einforcement calculations'
For a spiral column,
u " n " ( 0.( x 0.8 ) ; 0.8 fc%Ag < ( fy = 0.8 fc% )Ast >
( 2000 x 1000 ) 1 (0.( x 0.8) ( ) ( ) ( ) [ ] { }
st
A 28 8 . 0 420 3(
4
28 8 . 0
2
+

4
Engr. Ayaz Waseem ( Lecturer/Lab Engr., CED) Columns
Ast " 184:.4 mm
*
578) 49 )einforcement )atio c#ec$'
1
2 2
3(
4
4 . 184:
4

D
A
st
1 0.01,( C 0.01 ( Satisfied )
7#erefore,
Ast @ 180 mm
*
5electin%,
/ # 1+ 0 / # 11 B%&s
578) 9 Design of &(iral'
Aiameter of t#e spiral 1 +s( 1 10 mm
2inimum pitc# of t#e spiral 1 Bar%er of;
a. 1. x 20 1 30 mm. ( Governs )
". 2 mm.
7#erefore,
&min " 30 mm.
5max 1

1 ' 4 . 0
2
c
g
c c
y s(
A
A
f D
f +
.
-o$, Dc " 3( , ( 40 x 2 ) 1 2: mm
Ac 1
( )
2 2
2:
4 4

=
c
D
1 ,834:.2 mm
*
Ag 1
( )
2 2
3(
4 4

= D
1 11044,., mm
*

7#erefore,

Engr. Ayaz Waseem ( Lecturer/Lab Engr., CED) Columns
5max 1

1 ' 4 . 0
2
c
g
c c
y s(
A
A
f D
f +
1 (.,3 mm ? ( mm ( O.K. )
5electin% pitc# "et$een &min and &max ,
& " 4 mm
578) ,9 Detailing'
,
Engr. Ayaz Waseem ( Lecturer/Lab Engr., CED) Columns
/. INTERACTION CUR2E:
.t is a %rap# "et$een load and moment. .n order to dra$ an interaction cur*e $e
re+uire t#e coordinates of different points.
Fig. I,e&%-,i! C$&3e
4. PLASTIC CENTROID:
.t is a point t#rou%# $#ic# t#e resultant of all t#e internal forces s#ould pass, in
pure axiall' loaded column case, $#en no moment is actin% on t#e column at ultimate
sta%e of failure.
+. SYMMETRICAL SECTIONS:
(
y & y & y & c c
f A f A f A A f )
3 2 1
' 8 . 0 + + + =
Engr. Ayaz Waseem ( Lecturer/Lab Engr., CED) Columns
7#ose sections in $#ic# plastic centroid coincide $it# t#e %eometrical centroid
are called s'mmetrical sections.
5. UNSYMMETRICAL SECTIONS:
7#ose sections in $#ic# plastic centroid do not coincide $it# t#e %eometrical
centroid are called uns'mmetrical sections. )lastic centroid of uns'mmetrical sections
can "e found out in t#e follo$in% manner;
Fig. Se-,i! $s6))e,&i-%( %7!$, 89%8is
) " Cc - ./ - .* - .0
Bets suppose plastic centroid is at a distance D
y
E from t#e "ottom face. 7a/in% moment
a"out "ottom face,
)
y
1

2
#
C
c
- ./ L/- .* L*- .0 L0
y
1
3 2 1
3 3 2 2 1 1
2
. . . C
L . L . L .
#
C
c
c
+ + +
+ + +

&&&&&&&&&&.. (1)
8+uation (1) is used to find out location of plastic centroid.
8