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04 PH Forces
04 PH Forces
s
= f
s
/N
k
= f
k
/N
Coefficient of friction forces
14
Calculate the coefficient of
kinetic friction on a vehicle of
mass 2 000 kg, if the force
due to friction is 500 N, when
moving at constant velocity
along a horizontal road.
w = f
g
= mg
= 2000 x 9,8
= 19 600 N
k
= f
k
/N = 500 N/19 600 N = 0.0306
Normal = 19 600 N up.
Kinetic friction forces
15
f
s
max
is the maximum force due to static
friction just prior to the object starting
to move.
f
s
max
is greater than f
k
and this means
that
s
is greater than
k
for the same
object and surface.
Calculations involving friction can also
be incorporated into objects on slopes.
16
Force diagrams are pictures of the object
with forces acting on the object,
represented as arrows.
Applied
friction
normal weight
A box is pulled by
a rope. We
indicate the forces
acting on the box
as in the following
diagram.
17
Here the object is represented as a dot
with all the forces acting on the object
pointing away from the dot.
This is how we
represent the
same box as a
free body
diagram.
friction
weight
normal
Applied
Free body diagram
18
If a net or resultant force acts on an object, it
will accelerate in the direction of the force.
If the pushing force is 20 N and the force due
to kinetic friction is 16 N, then the object will
accelerate in the direction of the 20 N force.
20 N
16 N
Net force