service, a special vehicle we call motor van serves its function.

These motor vans are

unauthorized; they are cheaper than taxi but unsafe. So many respondents require
extending the service time of Route 22.







! A Round Trip Time Consuming
To test the traffic condition on this line, we chose six time points during its operating
time which are 7:00, 8:00, 9:00, 17:00, 18:00, and 19:00 to take the bus of this line, then
we measured the time consuming for each round trip. For detailed time consuming of
each trip, see Figure3-5 and Figure3-6 (blue means in motion, red means congested).




















We figured out that the average time consuming of a round trip during the morning peak
and evening peak is 13 minutes plus 12 seconds and 12 minutes plus 40 seconds,
respectively; the average congested time on the way is one minute plus 20 seconds and
one minute plus 10 seconds, respectively.
The result indicates that the traffic condition on this line is good; we didnt encounter
any serious congestion during our trips. So from this point, the short-distance bus
service is an efficient way to solve the problems we mentioned above in Shaoyaoju
community.




"#$%&'Q)T ;7' <0--',$'& 5+01 /+4<0&#-+,
"#$%&'Q)R ;#4' /+,-%4#,$ #, ':',#,$ <'09
"#$%&'Q)V ;#4' /+,-%4#,$ #, ':',#,$ <'09
"#$%&'Q)W ;#4' /+,-%4#,$ #, 4+&,#,$ <'09
R
! Waiting Time
According to statistics from Beijing Public
Transportation Group, during peak hours, the
average bus departure interval in Beijing is between
5 to 10 minutes, the average waiting time is
between 10 to 15 minutes. And according to our
survey, the maximum waiting time that most of the
residents in Shaoyaoju community can accept is 10
minutes (Figure3-7).

We randomly chose one stop and measured the average waiting time there. At Subway
Shaoyaoju Station, the average waiting time during morning peak and evening peak is 6
minutes plus 36 seconds and 6 minutes plus 20 seconds, respectively. The waiting time
at this stop is relatively stable (Figure3-8).
So the average waiting time of this line is in the acceptable range and even less than the
citywide average, thus we conclude that two buses are enough to run this line.

3.2.2 Passenger Flow Volume
In order to reflect the daily changes in passenger flow volume, we measured both
morning and evening passenger flow volume for a whole round of weekdays from
Monday to Friday (Figure3-9, blue means morning peak, red means evening peak).






The result shows that the passenger flow volume reaches its peak amount in Monday
morning; the passenger flow volume in Friday evening is larger than in other evenings;
there is no obvious difference in other weekdays except Monday and Friday.


















K+,103 "&#103 D.7'& @''9103-
"#$%&'Q)R _//'<.025' @0#.#,$ .#4' -%&:'3

"#$%&'Q)Z ;7' 0:'&0$' @0#.#,$ .#4'
"#$%&'Q)> b0--',$'& H5+@ :+5%4'
Z
3.3 Connection to Major Bus Lines and Subway
3.3.1 Connection to Major Bus Lines
Shaoyaoju area has a reasonably comprehensive bus system. If comparing this area as a
human body, those major bus lines and subway lines serve as arteries, the short-distance
bus line based on the mainstream bus system is like a capillary vessel, it links those
major lines (Table3-4).
;025'Q)T G'0&23 40C+& 2%- 5#,'- 0. '0/7 -.+< +H P+%.'66

@(,)"NN -)(<+ 5"#$E/ .#G($ E,+ 2>1"+ A22,+)$#)>(1+
-,EF#/ -'#(/#(G,
-)#)>(1
P+%.'((>A P+%.'W(WA P+%.'WTR
L@#.7#, 0 &01#%- +H = 4'.'&M

-(,)' H1)$/ (3 -(,)'
!,',> @B
P+%.'((>A P+%.'W(W
L@#.7#, 0 &01#%- +H W= 4'.'&-M

IAJH
P+%.'((>
L@#.7#, 0 &01#%- +H (= 4'.'&-M

5**K6
P+%.'((>A P+%.'(6WA
P+%.'T=>A P+%.'T66
L@#.7#, 0 &01#%- +H (== 4'.'&M

-(,)' !,',> @B
P+%.'((>A P+%.'(6WA
P+%.'T=>A P+%.'T66
L@#.7#, 0 &01#%- +H = 4'.'&M

L"+) L#17'" J$>B7"
P+%.'((>A P+%.'(6WA
P+%.'T=>A P+%.'T66
L@#.7#, 0 &01#%- +H (== 4'.'&M

L#17'" J$>B7"
P+%.'QV(A P+%.'T=ZA
P+%.'T=>A P+%.'T66

P+%.'V6ZA P+%.'VWVA P+%.'VV=A
P+%.'RT=A P+%.'RWQA P+%.'>Q>
P+%.'>TTA P+%.'>ZQ
L@#.7#, 0 &01#%- +H Z= 4'.'&-M
H#+)
-'#(/#(G,
P+%.'((>
L@#.7#, 0 &01#%- +H (= 4'.'&-M


>
"#$%&'Q)(= J#&'/. /+,,'/.#+, @#.7 -%2@03 "#$%&'Q)(( ],1#&'/. /+,,'/.#+, @#.7 -%2@03

3.3.2 Connection to Subway
! Direct Connection
Route22 shares same stop with Route119, Route515, and Route547 at Subway
Shaoyaoju Station, thus realize zero transfer between these three major bus lines and
the subway (Figure3-10).
! Indirect Connection
Route22 shares same stops with the following major lines at its 7 other stops, thus links
these major bus lines to the subway. They are Route125, Route409, Route422,
Route361, Route408, Route628, Route656, Route660, Route740, Route753, Route939,
Route944, and Route983 (Figure3-11).

4 Conclusions
According to a citywide survey conducted by Beijing Public Transportation Group, 98%
citizens know that short-distance bus service has been put into use, and 73% of them
say they will take that often which indicates that this mass transit has good prospect and
be widely accepted. In the past three months since Route22 started running, the overall
evaluation on its operation status is fairly good. Compared to the electric power cart in
2009, it has larger carrying capacity and wont bring traffic congestion. So as we see it,
short-distance bus service is suitable in density area like Shaoyaoju.

5 Improvement Suggestion
! Readjust Operating Schedule
Since weve seen the inconveniences come back after Route22 out of service and many
respondents require extending the service time, we suggest extending service hours in
the evening to 21:30 in weekdays and providing service at weekends and holidays;
during weekends and holidays, we can reset and shorten the service time, lets say
8:30-10:30 in the morning and 16:30-18:30 in the evening.
! Readjust Carfare
Given that these lines are much shorter than major bus lines and in order to encourage
citizens to take mass transit, we suggest cutting down the ticket price to half of major
line price and give extra discount for buying a monthly ticket.

(=
Reference
Baonan, G., Zhihua, H., Lili, Q., & Chao, W. (2006). Integrated Transfer System of
Shanghai Railway Station. Urban Mass Transit, 08.

Bin, H. (2002). Beijing Subway Transfer Mode Research. Underground Engineering
and Tunnels, 02.

Bin, Sh., Zhenzhou, Y., Jianghua, M., & Shouhua, C. (2006). The Comparative
Analysis of Urban Rail Transit Transfer Mode. Urban Transport of China, 02.

Fan, J. (2001). The Research on Connection of Rail Transit and Other Modes. Journal
of Northern Jiaotong University, 04.

Jinsheng, L. (1991). Introduction of Two Paris Light-rail Transfer Station Design. City
Planning Review, 03.

Meng, L., & Guoxiong, P. (2006). Study of Dispatching of Public Transportation
Trasfer System. Urban Mass Transit, 02.

Mengshu, W. (2004). Issues of Development of Urban Rail Transite. Urban Mass
Transit, 06.

Shuiming, J. (2007). The Wisdom of Metropolis Development. China Environmental
News, 03.

Weizhong, Sh., Yao, L., Guanghua, Ch., & Ruihua, X. (2006). Characteristics of Paris
Rail Transit Lines and Stations Arrangement. Urban Mass Transit, 01.


((