ACTIVE AND PASSIVE

tenses (cc th) active (ch ng) passive (b ng)

1. The simple
present
Th hin ti n
gin
S+ V(s, es) +O S + am/ is / are +
P
2
+ by O
2. The present
continuous
Th hin ti tip
din
S +am / is / are + V
+ing + O
S +am / is / are +
being + P
2
+ by O
3. The present
perfect
Th hin ti hon
thnh
S + have / has + P
2
+
O
S + have / has +
been + P
2
+ by O
4. The simple past
Th qu kh n
gin
S + V + ed + O S + were / was + P
2

+ by O
5. The past
continuous
Th qu kh tip
din
S + were / was + V +
ing + O
S + were / was +
being + P
2
+ by O
6. The past perfect
Th qu kh hon
thnh
S + had + P
2
+ O S + had +been + P
2

+ by O
7. The near future
Th t-ng lai gn
S + is/am/ are + going
to + V (infinitive) +
O
S + am/is/are +
going to + be +P
2
+
by O
8. The simple
future
Th t-ng lai n
gin
S + will / shall + V
(infinitive) + O
S + will/ shall +
be + P
2
+ by O
mt s quy tc chuyn t cu ch ng sang cu b ng
1. Cu ch ng phi c 3 thnh phn : ch ng (S), ng t
(V), v tn ng (O) th mi c th bin sang cu b ng.
Trong tn ng phi chu tc ng ca hnh ng.
V d: "She has got a dog" khng th chuyn sang cu b ng.
"She reads." khng c tn ng nn khng th chuyn sang cu b
ng
2. Cch chuyn i








3. Du hiu nhn bit (time expression) ca cu ch ng v b
ng ging nhau
4. Dng cu b ng khi:
- Khng bit ng-i thc hin hnh ng
- Khng quan tm n ng-i thc hin hnh ng
- Ch quan tm n bn thn hnh ng
5. C th b By + O nu O l cc tr-ng hp sau:
- Cc i t bt nh: Someone, Every body ................
Cu ch ng:

S + V + O


Cu b ng: S + be PP + (by O)


Cu b ng: S + be PP + (by O)
- People, You, Them
Exercise: ACTIVE AND PASSIVE
1. The room is cleaned everyday.
- Somebody .
2. They cancelled all the flights because of fog.
- All the flights ..
3. This road is not used very often.
- This road
4. How do people learn languages?
- People .
5. People advised us not to go out alone.
- We
6. The girl did not give me the money.
- I ..
- The money .
7. A man asked me several difficult questions at the interview.
- I ..
8. Nobody told me the story.
- I .
- The story .
9. Oil lamps were used years ago.
- People .
10. When did they open that hospital?
- When
11. The atmosphere protects the earth from harmful radiation from the sun.
- The earth ..
12. Did anyone see you come in?
- Were you ?
13. She'll be told which bus to catch.
- Someone .
14. The house was broken into.
- Somebody..
15. He was not taken care of by his mother.
- His mother.
16. They will inform you the result of the exam by letter.
- You .
- The result .
17. When will the shop be opened?
- they?
18. They will serve fish to the guests about ten minutes from now.
- Fish .
19. A textbook will be published by that company next year.
- That company.
20. I was told to change the way by my friends.
- My friends .
21. Shakespeare wrote many famous plays.
- Many famous plays .
22. Bill will invite Ann to the party.
- Ann
23. Is the course taught by professor Jackson?
- Does ...................................................................................?
24. Doctor Ikeda developed that theory.
- That theory ..
25. A storm destroyed the small fishing village.
- The small .
26. The Washington Monument is visited by hundreds of people every day.
- .Hundreds of people...........................................................................
27. The Chinese invented paper, the main writing material today.
- Paper, ..
28. Jims daughter drew that picture.
- That picture
29. A new roof was put on last year.
- They..
30. Someone empties the dustbins every Thursday.
- The dustbins
31. She delivers milk at about six oclock .
- Milk
32. They will probably send him back to Britain.
- He ..
33. They found him dead in his flat early this morning.
- He .
34. A doctor examined the elephant.
- The elephant ..
35. They took it back to the zoo.
- It
36. The club bought him 2 years ago for a fee of $20 000.
- He ..
37. Stephen made this film in Hollywood last year.
- This film .

38. Irish fisherman used this kind of boat one thousand years ago.
- This kind
39. Redwood took the photos during his voyage.
- The photos ..
40. Lisa wrote all the songs on this new album.
- All the songs ..
41. They print the words to all the songs on the back of the cover.
- The words
42. They will repeat this documentary on BBC next week.
- This documentary ...
43. Now people find this kind of bird in only a few remote places in Scotland.
- This kind of bird
44. This kind of bird is protected by laws.
- Laws.
45. The boss will meet him tomorrow in the restaurant.
- He
46. He will be given some money by the company when he retires
- The company
- Some money ...
47. Rossi produced War in Space .
- War in Space
48. She bought some tulips yesterday.
- Some tulips
49. He usually washes his car every Sunday morning.
- His car ..
50. His experiment was carried out ten years ago.
- He ..
51. They grow rice in the north.
- Rice ..
52. The postman was bitten by our dog.
- Our dog
53. What did he write with it?
- What was ?
54. They will hold an international conference in Hanoi next month.
- An international ..
55. The Persian invented windmills around 500 years ago.
- Windmills
56. Ill meet her at the airport.
- She