DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS

DESIGN INSTRUCTIONS TO ARCHITECTS AND ENGINEERS

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[ ] SCHEMATICS [ ] DESIGN [ ] CONSTRUCTION
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STEAM GENERATION/DISTRIBUTION

OUTSI DE STEAM DI STRI BUTI ON SYSTEMS DESI GN MANUAL
( May 2006)















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OUTSIDE STEAM DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS DESIGN MANUAL
DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS

TABLE-OF-CONTENTS
1. CRI TERI A UNI QUE TO VA: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
2. GENERAL: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
3 TYPES OF SYSTEMS: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
4 SELECTI ON OF TYPE OF SYSTEM: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
5. SYSTEM DESI GN: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
6. I NDEX OF OUTSI DE STEAM DI STRI BUTI ON NATI ONAL CAD STANDARDS: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
8. I NDEX OF OUTSI DE STEAM DI STRI BUTI ON MASTER SPECI FI CATI ONS: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6


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OUTSIDE STEAM DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS DESIGN MANUAL
DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS
1. CRITERIA UNIQUE TO VA:
1.1 Out si de st eamdi st r i but i on wor k i ncl udes al l st eamsuppl y and st eam
condensat e l i nes l ocat ed under gr ound or abovegr ound out si de of bui l di ngs.
1.2 Out si de st eamdi st r i but i on wor k shal l onl y be i ndi cat ed on " MS" - ser i es
dr awi ngs ( see VA Desi gn and Const r uct i on Pr ocedur e, Dr awi ngs) .
1.2.1 MS" - ser i es dr awi ngs shal l i ncl ude symbol s and schedul es, det ai l s, pl ot
pl ans and pr of i l es wi t h i nt er f er ence f r omot her ut i l i t i es l ocat ed and
i dent i f i ed, manhol e pl ans and sect i ons, t unnel and t r ench pl ans and sect i ons,
l ocat i on of expansi on l oops and anchor s, demol i t i on pl ans, ot her wor k as
necessar y.
1.2.2 Onl y symbol s and abbr evi at i ons shown on VA Nat i onal CAD St andar ds 15051-
1, 2, 3 can be used on t he dr awi ngs.
1.2.3 Pi pe si zes shal l be i ndi cat ed on pl ot pl ans and on manhol e pl ans and
sect i ons.
1.2.4 Equi pment and pi pi ng syst ems shown on t he dr awi ngs shal l be gener i c and
not t he conf i gur at i on of a par t i cul ar manuf act ur er .
1.3 Maj or opt i ons and al t er nat i ves must be eval uat ed ut i l i zi ng t he l i f e cycl e
cost anal ysi s met hods of NI ST Handbook 135 usi ng di scount f act or s f r omt he
cur r ent edi t i on of t he Annual Suppl ement t o t he Handbook.
2. GENERAL:
2.1 Desi gn t he out si de st eamdi st r i but i on syst ems t o compl y wi t h t hi s desi gn
manual , and t he cur r ent edi t i ons of VA Desi gn Gui des, VA Desi gn and
Const r uct i on Pr ocedur es, and t he VA Mast er Speci f i cat i ons. The desi gn shal l
al so compl y wi t h t he pr ovi si ons of t he cur r ent edi t i on of ASME B31. 1 Code f or
Pr essur e Pi pi ng, Power Pi pi ng. I f st at e or l ocal codes ar e mor e st r i ngent
t han t he above r equi r ement s, di scuss wi t h t he VA Cont r act i ng Of f i cer .
2.2 Show out si de st eamdi st r i but i on pl ot pl ans on dr awi ngs usi ng a mi ni mum
scal e of 1: 250 ( 1= 20 ) . Manhol e pi pi ng pl ans and sect i ons shal l be dr awn
wi t h a mi ni mumscal e of 1: 30 ( 3/ 8" = 1' ) .
2.2.1 Exi st i ng wor k shal l be i dent i f i ed i n a way whi ch easi l y di st i ngui shes
t hi s wor k f r omt he new wor k. Poi nt s of connect i on bet ween new and exi st i ng
wor k shal l be i dent i f i ed.
2.3 The out si de st eamdi st r i but i on syst ems must be desi gned t o pr ovi de t he
r equi r ed st eamf l ow and pr essur e at t he poi nt of use. Al l condensat e must be
r et ur ned t o t he boi l er pl ant except wher e t he desi gn of st eam- usi ng equi pment
pr event s t hi s or , f or ver y smal l l oads, when i t i s not economi cal .
3. TYPES OF SYSTEMS:
3.1 Pr e- Engi neer ed, Fact or y- Fabr i cat ed, Di r ect Bur i ed Di st r i but i on Syst ems:
These ar e syst ems of var i ous manuf act ur er s whi ch i ncl ude t he car r i er pi pes,
pi pe i nsul at i on, pr ot ect i ve encl osur es and accessor i es. The syst ems may be
dr ai nabl e- dr yabl e- t est abl e or wat er - spr ead- l i mi t i ng as def i ned i n t he VA
Mast er Speci f i cat i on. The dr ai nabl e- dr yabl e- t est abl e syst emspeci f i ed i s an
enhancement of t he st andar d pr oduct s of manuf act ur er s. The enhancement s
i ncl ude t hi cker casi ngs, t ype and t hi ckness of i nsul at i on, super i or coat i ng,
t hi cker end pl at es, cat hodi c pr ot ect i on. These enhancement s ar e based on
st udi es and r ecommendat i ons made under t he auspi ces of t he Feder al Agency
Commi t t ee on Under gr ound Heat Di st r i but i on Syst ems. The wat er - spr ead-
l i mi t i ng syst emspeci f i ed i s one whi ch, bef or e accept ance on VA pr oj ect s,
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must have passed t est s r equi r ed by t he cur r ent Uni f i ed Faci l i t i es Gui de
Speci f i cat i on, UF 02546. Cur r ent l y, no syst emhas passed t hese t est s.
Caution: The design of direct buried systems must adhere strictly to the
VA Master Specification, Section 02710. Numerous failures of
manufacturers standard systems have been experienced.
3.2 Concr et e Shal l ow Tr ench Di st r i but i on Syst ems: These ar e f i el d- bui l t
syst ems desi gned speci f i cal l y f or each pr oj ect . The t ops of t he t r ench cover s
ar e sl i ght l y above gr ade and t he t r enches ar e si zed onl y f or pi pe, i nsul at i on,
and pi pe suppor t s wi t h no pr ovi si on f or per sonnel access ot her t han t he
r emovabl e cover s. These syst ems can be appl i ed onl y wher e si t e condi t i ons
( such as wat er t abl e bel ow maxi mumt r ench dept h, l ack of sur f ace wat er , l evel
or cont i nuous gr ades) per mi t . Ref er t o Mast er Speci f i cat i on Sect i on 02710,
Appendi x I f or accept abl e condi t i ons f or appl i cat i on of shal l ow t r enches.
3.3 Concr et e Tunnel Syst ems: These ar e f i el d- bui l t syst ems desi gned
speci f i cal l y f or each pr oj ect and ar e si zed t o per mi t per sonnel wal k- t hr u.
They can of t en be j ust i f i ed on t he basi s of l i f e cycl e cost s when ot her
ut i l i t i es, such as chi l l ed wat er , shar e t he t unnel .
4. SELECTION OF TYPE OF SYSTEM:
4.1 The desi gn engi neer shal l sel ect t he t ype of syst empr i mar i l y based on a
compar i son of t he l i f e cycl e cost s of t he t ypes of syst ems.
4.2 I n maki ng t he sel ect i on, t he engi neer shal l al so consi der t he ser vi ce
r ecor d of exi st i ng t ypes of syst ems at t he si t e. Consi der at i on shal l be gi ven
t o t he ext ent of t he new syst ems, t he abi l i t y t o combi ne var i ous ut i l i t y
ser vi ces i nt o one t r ench or t unnel , and mai nt enance r equi r ement s.
4.3 VA and DOD have exper i enced shor t ser vi ce l i f e wi t h t he di r ect bur i ed
syst ems. Const ant super vi si on of t he i nst al l at i on wor k i s necessar y t o avoi d
damage t o t he pr ot ect i ve coat i ngs on t he casi ngs, t o obt ai n sound wel ds of
car r i er pi pes and casi ngs, and t o obt ai n pr oper i nst al l at i on of t he cat hodi c
pr ot ect i on syst em, i ncl udi ng t he di el ect r i c connect i ons at manhol es and
bui l di ngs. Because of t hi s, t he concr et e shal l ow t r enches ar e f avor ed over
di r ect bur i ed syst ems i n si t uat i ons wher e concr et e shal l ow t r enches can be
appl i ed.
5. SYSTEM DESIGN:
5.1 St eamLoad Cal cul at i ons:
5.1.1 Loads i ncl ude HVAC, domest i c hot wat er , ki t chen, l aundr y, st er i l i zer s,
ot her pr ocess l oads, and l i ne l osses.
5.1.2 Load pr of i l es must i ncl ude di ver si t y f act or s and cr edi t s f or heat
r ecover y syst ems whi ch ar e i n oper at i on dur i ng t he peak l oad condi t i ons.
5.1.3 Exi st i ng l oads shoul d be det er mi ned by r evi ewi ng boi l er st eamf l ow r at e
dat a f or wi nt er per i ods when t he out si de t emper at ur e appr oaches ASHRAE desi gn
condi t i ons. Loads can be appor t i oned among separ at e bui l di ngs by anal ysi s of
maj or st eam- usi ng equi pment and compar i ng bui l di ng f l oor ar eas, whi chever i s
most accur at e.
5.1.4 Consi der f ut ur e l oads f or new const r uct i on pr oj ect s whi ch ar e
pr ogr ammed.
5.2 St eamDi st r i but i on Pr essur e:
5.2.1 Di st r i but i on shoul d be at t he boi l er pl ant header pr essur e unl ess
exi st i ng condi t i ons make t hi s i mpr act i cal .
5.2.2 I t i s r ecommended t hat exi st i ng pr essur es not be i ncr eased on exi st i ng
di st r i but i on syst ems. Pr essur es on exi st i ng syst ems can be i ncr eased onl y i f
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a compl et e engi neer i ng anal ysi s of t he syst emi s per f or med i n r egar d t o
abi l i t y t o accept i ncr eased t her mal expansi on, i ncr eased pr essur es and
t emper at ur es.
5.3 Connect i ng t o Exi st i ng St eamDi st r i but i on Syst ems: Cal cul at e st eamf l ows
and pr essur e dr ops on t he por t i ons of t he exi st i ng syst emwhi ch ar e af f ect ed
by t he new st eaml oads. The new st eaml oads must not i mpose excessi ve
pr essur e dr ops or vel oci t i es on t he exi st i ng syst ems.
5.4 Sl opi ng and Dr i ppi ng of St eamLi nes:
5.4.1 St eaml i nes shal l pi t ch down 50 mmi n 12 met er s ( t wo i nches i n 40 f eet )
i n t he di r ect i on of f l ow. Pr ovi de dr i p pocket s and st eamt r aps at al l r i ser s
and i mmedi at el y ahead of al l i sol at i on val ves t hat woul d col l ect condensat e i f
t he val ves ar e cl osed. Di st ance bet ween dr i p pocket s shal l not exceed 150
met er s ( 500 f eet ) and shoul d be l ess i f possi bl e. Locat e al l dr i p pocket s and
st eamt r aps i n manhol es or bui l di ngs. Pr ovi de over si zed dr i p pocket s ( r ef er t o
st andar d det ai l ) . St eamdr i p t r aps shoul d di schar ge i nt o a dr i p r et ur n l i ne
whi ch i s separ at e f r omot her t ypes of condensat e r et ur n l i nes such as pumped
r et ur ns and vacuumr et ur ns.
Caution: Water hammer is dangerous and must be prevented. It can occur
when condensate is not properly removed from steam lines. Steam lines must
be properly sloped and drained.
5.4.2 St eamt r aps f or st eaml i ne dr i p ser vi ce must handl e nor mal st eady st at e
r adi at i on and convect i on heat l oss condensat e and al so hi gh l evel s of
condensat e and ai r f l ow when t he st eaml i ne i s bei ng war med- up. The pr ef er r ed
t r ap t ype i s t he i nver t ed bucket t ype wi t h t her mal vent ( f or ai r r el ease on
war m- up) i n t he bucket . Thi s t ype i s r esi st ant t o wat er hammer and wi r e
dr awi ng of t he val ve and seat . Caut i on must be exer ci sed when si zi ng t he t r aps
because over si zed t r aps can bl ow- t hr ough ( f ai l open) and l ose t hei r pr i me.
Caution: Fixed orifice steam traps with no operating mechanism should not
be applied on steam line drip service. VA experience is that the small
diameter orifices become plugged with dirt and the trap fails closed. This
will cause build-up of condensate in the steam main and dangerous water
hammer may occur.
5.5 Condensat e Ret ur n: Gener al l y, al l condensat e shoul d be col l ect ed at
condensat e r et ur n pump set s and t hen be pumped t o t he boi l er pl ant .
Except i ons i ncl ude exi st i ng syst ems bei ng r epl aced whi ch have ot her t ypes of
condensat e r et ur ns such as vacuumor gr avi t y. Al so dr i p r et ur ns f r omt he st eam
l i ne dr i p t r aps may be r et ur ned di r ect l y t o t he boi l er pl ant i f pr act i cal .
5.6 Ther mal Expansi on:
5.6.1 Locat e and desi gn t he anchor s and t he expansi on j oi nt s, bends and l oops
so t hat pi pi ng wi l l not be over st r essed. The l ocat i ons must be shown. Si zes
of bends and l oops need not be shown on di r ect bur i ed syst ems because t he
syst emmanuf act ur er i s r esponsi bl e f or l oop and bend si zi ng. Expansi on l oops
shoul d be used i nst ead of expansi on j oi nt s whenever possi bl e. Thi s i s because
expansi on j oi nt s can f ai l .
5.6.2 Pi pe anchor s shoul d be pr ovi ded wi t hi n 0. 6 t o 1. 5 met er s ( t wo t o f i ve
f eet ) out si de of manhol e wal l s t o mi ni mi ze pi pe movement t hr ough t he manhol e.
For pi pi ng whi ch passes t hr ough t he manhol e, do not anchor on bot h si des of
t he manhol e unl ess t he pi pi ng wi t hi n t he manhol e has suf f i ci ent of f set t o
avoi d over st r ess. Ther mal expansi on st r ess cal cul at i ons must al ways be
conduct ed t o ensur e pr oper anchor l ocat i ons t hr oughout t he syst em. Those
cal cul at i ons must al so account f or t he pi pe expansi on i n t he manhol es.
5.6.3 Al l anchor i ng and expansi on j oi nt s, bends and l oops must be compl et el y
desi gned and speci f i ed i n t he cont r act document s except f or anchor s and
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expansi on l oops and bends bei ng f ur ni shed as par t of a di r ect bur i ed syst em.
These ar e t he r esponsi bi l i t y of t he manuf act ur er of t he di r ect bur i ed syst em
t o desi gn.
5.6.4 Desi gn st eamsyst ems f or boi l er pl ant header pr essur e and t emper at ur e
( 930 kPa, 181 C) ( 135 PSI , 358 F) mi ni mum, and desi gn condensat e syst ems f or
207 kPa, 135 C ( 30 PSI , 275 F) . Pi pe st r esses must not exceed al l owabl e
st r esses cal cul at ed i n accor dance wi t h ASME B31. 1, ASME Code f or Pr essur e
Pi pi ng, Power Pi pi ng.
5.7 Fi ber gl as Rei nf or ced Pl ast i c ( FRP) Pi pe f or Condensat e: Thi s not
per mi t t ed.
5.8 Manhol es:
5.8.1 I n di r ect bur i ed syst ems and i n concr et e t r ench syst ems al l devi ces
r equi r i ng access f or oper at i on and mai nt enance shal l be l ocat ed i n manhol es.
These devi ces i ncl ude val ves, st eamt r aps, expansi on j oi nt s, f l anged and
t hr eaded j oi nt s, uni ons.
5.8.2 Manhol es shal l be r ei nf or ced concr et e. Pr ef abr i cat ed manhol es ar e not
per mi t t ed because of t he di f f i cul t y of pr oper l y l ocat i ng under gr ound pi pe
openi ngs i n t he manhol e wal l s. Concr et e f l oor sl abs shal l be of suf f i ci ent
wei ght t o pr event f l oat at i on i n hi gh wat er t abl e ar eas.
5.8.3 Do not l ocat e manhol es i n r oads or par ki ng ar eas because of access and
vent i l at i on pr obl ems.
5.8.4 Manhol e st r uct ur e and mechani cal l ayout shal l be compl et el y desi gned by
t he A/ E. Al l ow adequat e wor ki ng space and headr oom.
5.8.5 Pr ovi de t wo separ at e ent r ances f r omgr ade wi t h f ul l - si ze manhol e cover s.
One shal l be f or access wi t h gr ab- bar s set i n t he manhol e wal l , t he ot her
shal l be f or vent i l at i on whi l e wor ki ng i n t he manhol e. Locat e t he vent i l at i on
access di r ect l y above t he sump.
5.8.6 Pr ovi de 600 mm( 24 i nch) squar e by 600 mm( 24 i nch) deep sump i n f l oor
and pr ovi de dupl ex submer si bl e sump pumps. Wher e f easi bl e, pr ovi de gr avi t y
dr ai nage t o a st or msewer .
5.8.7 The engi neer must r evi ew t he conf i ned space r egul at i ons of t he
f aci l i t y and desi gn t he manhol es t o al l ow maxi mumpossi bl e access conveni ence.
The desi gns must be r evi ewed by t he appr opr i at e f aci l i t y of f i ci al s r egar di ng
t hese r egul at i ons. A possi bl e desi gn f eat ur e t o ease t he conf i ned space
l i mi t at i ons coul d be t he use of si dewal k- t ype access door s i nst ead of manhol e
cover s.
5.8.8 Show al l pi pe suppor t s. Compl et el y desi gn al l pi pe anchor s t o wi t hst and
t he appl i ed f or ces.
5.8.9 Pl ace wat er pr oof membr anes i n or bel ow t he concr et e bot t omsl abs and
cont i nue t hemup t he out er si des t o t he t op of t he si dewal l s.
5.8.10 Pr ovi de vent i l at i on pi pes t hr ough t he t op of t he manhol e.
5.9 Si t e I nvest i gat i ons:
5.9.1 The desi gn engi neer must det er mi ne t he most economi cal and pr act i cal
l ocat i ons f or t he syst emand accessor i es. I n addi t i on, t he det er mi nat i on of
soi l condi t i ons i s necessar y when di r ect bur i ed syst ems ar e sel ect ed.
5.9.2 I t wi l l be necessar y t o per f or m:
5.9.2.1 Land sur veys t o det er mi ne r out i ng and gr ades and l ocat i on of
i nt er f er ences.
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5.9.2.2 Test i ng t o det er mi ne wat er t abl e dept h and, i f di r ect bur i ed syst ems
ar e appl i ed, soi l cor r osi veness, soi l t ype, moi st ur e cont ent , and pH. Thi s
must be per f or med by a pr of essi onal geot echni cal engi neer . Test sampl es
shoul d be t aken ever y 30 met er s ( 100 f eet ) ( mi ni mum) al ong t he r out es of t he
syst ems.
5.9.2.3 Revi ew " as- bui l t " dr awi ngs and i nt er vi ew VAMC mai nt enance per sonnel t o
l ocat e under gr ound i nt er f er ences.
5.9.3 Fi el d wor k by t he A/ E or hi s consul t ant must be admi ni st er ed under t he
t er ms of t he cont r act bet ween VA and t he A/ E.
5.10 Desi gn of Di r ect Bur i ed Syst ems:
5.10.1 The manuf act ur er i s r esponsi bl e f or t he desi gn of t he syst emwi t hi n t he
par amet er s of t he VA speci f i cat i on. Thi s r esponsi bi l i t y i ncl udes i nsul at i on
t ypes, pi pe gui des and anchor s, end seal s, cor r osi on pr ot ect i on, expansi on
bends and l oops, and car r i er pi pes. The A/ E i s r esponsi bl e f or al l ot her
aspect s of t he desi gn i ncl udi ng manhol e st r uct ur e and pi pi ng, syst em
l ocat i ons, pr of i l es, pi pe si zi ng, anchor l ocat i on. The cont r act dr awi ngs
shoul d i ncl ude no det ai l s of t he el ement s of t he syst emf or whi ch t he
manuf act ur er i s r esponsi bl e.
5.10.2 The condensat e r et ur n pi pi ng shal l not be i ncl uded i n t he same condui t
as t he st eampi pi ng. Thi s wi l l pr event condensat e pi pi ng f ai l ur es f r om
af f ect i ng t he st eampi pi ng. Typi cal l y, condensat e pi pes have a much hi gher
f ai l ur e r at e t han t he st eampi pes due t o t he aci d cor r osi on t hat can occur i f
wat er t r eat ment i s not cor r ect l y appl i ed.
5.10.3 Dept h of bur i al of t he syst ems shal l be 0. 6 t o 1. 5 met er s ( t wo t o f i ve
f eet ) t o t op of condui t casi ng.
5.10.4 The A/ E i s compl et el y r esponsi bl e f or t he manhol e desi gn i ncl udi ng
manhol e st r uct ur e, vent i l at i on and pi pi ng.
5.11 Desi gn of Concr et e Shal l ow Tr ench Syst ems:
5.11.1 The A/ E i s compl et el y r esponsi bl e f or t he ent i r e desi gn i ncl udi ng
concr et e t r enches, pi pe anchor s, si zi ng of expansi on l oops and bends, si zes of
expansi on j oi nt s, pi pe suppor t s and gui des, manhol e st r uct ur e and pi pi ng,
syst eml ocat i ons, pr of i l es, pi pe si zi ng.
5.12 Desi gn of Concr et e Tunnel Syst ems:
5.12.1 The A/ E i s compl et el y r esponsi bl e f or t he ent i r e desi gn i ncl udi ng
concr et e t unnel , pi pe anchor s, si zi ng of expansi on l oops and bends, si zes of
expansi on j oi nt s, pi pe suppor t s and gui des, t unnel st r uct ur e and pi pi ng,
syst eml ocat i ons, pr of i l es, pi pe si zi ng.
5.12.2 The t unnel must i ncl ude ampl e wal ki ng space wi t h hei ght f or per sons t o
st and er ect , and dr ai n syst emt o handl e gr ound wat er and pi pi ng l eaks.
5.12.3 Pr ovi de ampl e l i ght i ng and el ect r i cal r ecept acl es desi gned f or hi gh
t emper at ur es.
5.12.4 Pr ovi de vent i l at i on syst ems t o al l ow per sonnel t o wor k saf el y.
5.13 Desi gn Not es:
5.13.1 Pr ovi de pr essur e gages at t he out l et si de of al l mai n st eamval ves so
t hat per sonnel can obser ve t he gages whi l e war mi ng- up t he st eaml i ne.
5.13.2 Pr ovi de st eamdr i p t r aps and manual dr ai ns on st eaml i nes at al l l ow
poi nt s and upst r eamof al l val ves and pr essur e r educi ng st at i ons. Spaci ng
shal l not exceed 150 met er s ( 500 f eet ) .
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5.13.3 Pr ovi de i sol at i on val ves ( gat e val ves) on al l br anch connect i ons t o t he
mai n pi pi ng r uns.
6. INDEX OF OUTSIDE STEAM DISTRIBUTION NATIONAL CAD STANDARDS:

DETAIL DATE TITLE
15051- 1 03- 06 Gener al I nf or mat i on, Pi pi ng
Symbol s and Abbr evi at i ons
15051- 2 03- 06 Pi pi ng Symbol s
15051- 3 03- 06 Gener al Symbol s and Abbr evi at i ons,
Suppor t s f or Pi pi ng - Symbol s and
Abbr evi at i ons
15339- 2 03- 06 St eamLi ne Dr i p Pocket - St eam
Tr ap Assembl y
02710- 1 03- 06 Concr et e St eamManhol e wi t h
Typi cal Pi pi ng

7. INDEX OF OUTSIDE STEAM DISTRIBUTION MASTER SPECIFICATIONS:

SECTION DATE TITLE
02710 06/ 04 Di st r i but i on and Tr ansmi ssi on
Syst ems ( St eam)

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