1

Automation and Drives

IEEE 1588 CONFERENCE 2004
Industrial automation requires
synchronization of line topology
Antonius Boller
Siemens AG, A&D PT 2, Nuremberg
Germany
Automation and Drives
PROFINET
IEEE 1588 conference 2004 A&D PT 2 M, 09/27/2004 2
Trends in
automation
Automation and Drives
Issues of 1588
Market
Fieldbus solution
Office and industrial
networks
Conclusion
Requirements for
Ethernet in
automation
Requirements for
synchronization in
automation
Fieldbus solution in Industrial Automation
Fieldbus solution
Ethernet
Fieldbus
Ethernet
Field level
Cell level
MES level
2
Automation and Drives
PROFINET
IEEE 1588 conference 2004 A&D PT 2 M, 09/27/2004 3
Trends in
automation
Automation and Drives
Issues of 1588
Market
Fieldbus solution
Office and industrial
networks
Conclusion
Requirements for
Ethernet in
automation
Requirements for
synchronization in
automation
Fieldbus Foundation H1
PROFIBUS, total
PROFIBUS PA
DeviceNet,
only Rockwell Automation
DeviceNet, total
CC-Link, total
Interbus, total
Installed fieldbus nodes
Time
1990 2000 2005
5 Mio
10 Mio
2002 2003 2004 1999 1994
Installed fieldbus nodes
Market
Automation and Drives
PROFINET
IEEE 1588 conference 2004 A&D PT 2 M, 09/27/2004 4
Trends in
automation
Automation and Drives
Issues of 1588
Market
Fieldbus solution
Office and industrial
networks
Conclusion
Requirements for
Ethernet in
automation
Requirements for
synchronization in
automation
Trends in
automation
Trend away from central
control structures to
distributed local units
Use of Ethernet
at all levels of
automation
Increase in use of open
IT standards in automation
IT- and automation world
are growing together
Technological trends in automation
3
Automation and Drives
PROFINET
IEEE 1588 conference 2004 A&D PT 2 M, 09/27/2004 5
Trends in
automation
Automation and Drives
Issues of 1588
Market
Fieldbus solution
Office and industrial
networks
Conclusion
Requirements for
Ethernet in
automation
Requirements for
synchronization in
automation
Conclusion of all market surveys:
Results of market surveys
Trends in
automation
ARC Advisory Group (2003)
Annual growth rate (2002-2007)
of 90% for Ethernet field devices
Frost & Sullivan (2002)
Market share of Ethernet in the
fieldbus market
2001: < 2,5% 2006: 14,2%
VDC, (Second Edition 2001)
Market share of Ethernet field devices
2000: 11,1% 2006: 26,4%
Conclusion of all market surveys:
Ethernet offers the best growth potential in the future
Automation and Drives
PROFINET
IEEE 1588 conference 2004 A&D PT 2 M, 09/27/2004 6
Trends in
automation
Automation and Drives
Issues of 1588
Market
Fieldbus solution
Office and industrial
networks
Conclusion
Requirements for
Ethernet in
automation
Requirements for
synchronization in
automation
PROFINET opens up new markets through innovative technology
Installed field-
bus nodes
Time
1990
2000 2010
2003 2007
10 Mio
20 Mio
PROFIBUS and PROFINET (Ethernet)
Trends in
automation
4
Automation and Drives
PROFINET
IEEE 1588 conference 2004 A&D PT 2 M, 09/27/2004 7
Trends in
automation
Automation and Drives
Issues of 1588
Market
Fieldbus solution
Office and industrial
networks
Conclusion
Requirements for
Ethernet in
automation
Requirements for
synchronization in
automation
A uniform network structure
Reduce the interfaces
Plant wide Engineering
Continuity through to the field level
Use the advantages of IT-techno-
logy in the production area
Remote Access
Web services
Software updates
Improvements relative to
todays systems
High performance
Unlimited quantities
Simple Handling
Benefits of Ethernet in an industrial
environment
Trends in
automation
Automation and Drives
PROFINET
IEEE 1588 conference 2004 A&D PT 2 M, 09/27/2004 8
Trends in
automation
Automation and Drives
Issues of 1588
Market
Fieldbus solution
Office and industrial
networks
Conclusion
Requirements for
Ethernet in
automation
Requirements for
synchronization in
automation
Office and
industrial networks
Plant-specific cable routing
with individual networking
structure
Star, ring and linear structures
Fixed basic installation
combined with variable
device interface
Star and tree structures
Differences between office and industrial
networks
BD BD
PMD PMD
FD
FD
CD
Machine 1 Machine 2
Floor 1
Floor 2
Office
Site
Production
Site
Floor
Distributor
Building
Distributor
Campus
Distributor
CD
PROFINET
Machine
Distributor
5
Automation and Drives
PROFINET
IEEE 1588 conference 2004 A&D PT 2 M, 09/27/2004 9
Trends in
automation
Automation and Drives
Issues of 1588
Market
Fieldbus solution
Office and industrial
networks
Conclusion
Requirements for
Ethernet in
automation
Requirements for
synchronization in
automation
Danger of chemical damaging due to oil
and aggressive environments
Insignificant chemical danger
Danger of mechanical damaging Insignificant mechanical danger
High EMC load Low EMC load
Vibrating machines No vibration loads
Moisture possible (IP65) No moisture
Extreme temperatures (from -20 to +70C) Moderate temperatures (from 0 to 50C)
Extremely high requirements Average requirements of availability
Small data packages (process values) Big data packages (e.g. pictures)
Often line structures
and/ or (redundant) ring structures
Tree network structure
Assembly of the connections in the field Pre-assembled connection cables
Connection points are rarely changed Variable connection of devices
Plant specific cabling routing Separate floor distribution boxes
Extreme plant specific cabling routing
Industry
Fixed basic installation in buildings
Office
Differences between office and industrial
networks
Office and
industrial networks
Automation and Drives
PROFINET
IEEE 1588 conference 2004 A&D PT 2 M, 09/27/2004 10
Trends in
automation
Automation and Drives
Issues of 1588
Market
Fieldbus solution
Office and industrial
networks
Conclusion
Requirements for
Ethernet in
automation
Requirements for
synchronization in
automation
Industrial Ethernet - topologies
Office and
industrial networks
Nutzen:
Line
Star
Ring
All topologies can be used
Ring structure guarantees high availability
Line minimizes the cabling overheads
Tree
Optimized network structures for cost savings
in all applications
6
Automation and Drives
PROFINET
IEEE 1588 conference 2004 A&D PT 2 M, 09/27/2004 11
Trends in
automation
Automation and Drives
Issues of 1588
Market
Fieldbus solution
Office and industrial
networks
Conclusion
Requirements for
Ethernet in
automation
Requirements for
synchronization in
automation
Requirements for
Ethernet in
automation
Requirements for Ethernet in Automation
Topology
All network topologies possible (star,tree, line, ring)
Redundancy
IT and Standard Functionality
Open for TCP/IP and IT applications
Unlimited network access for any devices
Real-Time
Real-time features for motion control
Maintain real-time features under any network situation
Interrupt-free redundancy
Technology
Use of future oriented switching technology
Automation and Drives
PROFINET
IEEE 1588 conference 2004 A&D PT 2 M, 09/27/2004 12
Trends in
automation
Automation and Drives
Issues of 1588
Market
Fieldbus solution
Office and industrial
networks
Conclusion
Requirements for
Ethernet in
automation
Requirements for
synchronization in
automation
Benefits of Switching Technology
Reason for use of end-to-end switching technology
State of the art in the world of communication
Prospects for further development
Prevent collisions
Transmit full duplex, parallel data exchange
Quality of service (prioritizing real-time messages)
Switch integration in the device
Simplify installation of devices
Minimizes the cabling
Device Device Device Device Device Device Device
Controller Controller
Requirements for
Ethernet in
automation
7
Automation and Drives
PROFINET
IEEE 1588 conference 2004 A&D PT 2 M, 09/27/2004 13
Trends in
automation
Automation and Drives
Issues of 1588
Market
Fieldbus solution
Office and industrial
networks
Conclusion
Requirements for
Ethernet in
automation
Requirements for
synchronization in
automation
Modular Machine Application Example
Backbone Backbone
PC HMI HMI HMI HMI HMI HMI HMI
MC MC MC MC MC MC MC MC MC
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Engineering
Motion Controller
with integrated
4-port switch
MC
Network
device
Drive with
integrated
2-port switch
Machine
module
Requirements for
Ethernet in
automation
Automation and Drives
PROFINET
IEEE 1588 conference 2004 A&D PT 2 M, 09/27/2004 14
Trends in
automation
Automation and Drives
Issues of 1588
Market
Fieldbus solution
Office and industrial
networks
Conclusion
Requirements for
Ethernet in
automation
Requirements for
synchronization in
automation
Cascade of switches in automation
Main line
Sub line
Requirements for motion control
Cascade up to 25 nodes
Cycle time < 1 ms
Jitter < 1 s
Clock
bridge
Sub line Sub line Sub line
Clock
bridge
Clock
bridge
Clock
bridge
Clock
bridge
Clock
bridge
Clock
bridge
Clock
bridge
Clock
bridge
Clock
bridge
Clock
bridge
Clock
bridge
Clock
bridge
Clock
bridge
Clock
bridge
Clock
bridge
Requirements for
Ethernet in
automation
8
Automation and Drives
PROFINET
IEEE 1588 conference 2004 A&D PT 2 M, 09/27/2004 15
Trends in
automation
Automation and Drives
Issues of 1588
Market
Fieldbus solution
Office and industrial
networks
Conclusion
Requirements for
Ethernet in
automation
Requirements for
synchronization in
automation
Issues of 1588
Issues of 1588
1588 method for switches in a line
Cascade of Boundary Clocks (Switches)
Series connection of control loops
Synchronization frequency in seconds
Jitter accuracy > 1s for cascaded switches (with COTS.
oscillator)
Start up time up to several minutes
Boundary Clock (Switch) needs extensive software
Boundary
Clock
Boundary
Clock
Boundary
Clock
Boundary
Clock
Boundary
Clock
Boundary
Clock
Automation and Drives
PROFINET
IEEE 1588 conference 2004 A&D PT 2 M, 09/27/2004 16
Trends in
automation
Automation and Drives
Issues of 1588
Market
Fieldbus solution
Office and industrial
networks
Conclusion
Requirements for
Ethernet in
automation
Requirements for
synchronization in
automation
Synchronization requirements
Requirements for
synchronization in
automation
LZ12 LZ23 LZ34
T2 T3
Tx: Transfer time through switch x
Grand-Master
1 2 3 4
Jitter <1ss
LZxy: propagation time between
switch x and switch y
LZ45
5
Requirements for synchronization in automation
Simple and fast method
Robust and stable
Easy and cheap software implementation for every device
Possibility for hardware implementation
Jitter accuracy < 1 s for line topology
Permanent operation of active components
Redundancy aspects
9
Automation and Drives
PROFINET
IEEE 1588 conference 2004 A&D PT 2 M, 09/27/2004 17
Trends in
automation
Automation and Drives
Issues of 1588
Market
Fieldbus solution
Office and industrial
networks
Conclusion
Requirements for
Ethernet in
automation
Requirements for
synchronization in
automation
Compatibility with 1588
Requirements for
synchronization in
automation
Backbone with 1588
synchronized
automation network
with enhanced 1588
synchronized
automation network
with enhanced 1588
synchronized
automation network
with enhanced 1588
Requirements for compatibility
Compatible with 1588
Transparent for 1588
Seamless clock synchronization
Automation and Drives
PROFINET
IEEE 1588 conference 2004 A&D PT 2 M, 09/27/2004 18
Trends in
automation
Automation and Drives
Issues of 1588
Market
Fieldbus solution
Office and industrial
networks
Conclusion
Requirements for
Ethernet in
automation
Requirements for
synchronization in
automation
Conclusion
Conclusion
Requirements in automation
All network topologies (star,tree, line, ring)
Use of future oriented switching technology
Switch integration in the device
Real-time features for motion control
Interrupt-free redundancy
Easy and cheap implementation
Potential of 1588
1588 is a standard with high potential for automation
Solution for precise synchronization of line topology required
Consideration of devices with integrated switch are required