Extra Practice Tests

Test 1
Reading Comprehension
Read the text and then circle the letter of the correct answer A, B or C.
Dear Liam, Hi!
How are you? I really miss home and not being with the family, but Im starting to get
used to things here in England. Apart from the food, that is! e!er mind, it "ould be worse,
and it wont be long before Im ba"# anyway.
$ne thing Im really en%oying at s"hool at the moment is the pro%e"t were doing on
the en!ironment this term. E!ery wee# we loo# at a different topi". &irst we ha!e to find out
as mu"h information on the topi" as we "an. Its really great be"ause we get to use the
Internet in the "omputer lab. 'hen we ea"h ha!e to write a "omposition using the fa"ts we
ha!e found and tell the whole "lass about it.
'his wee# the topi" was to find out about sa!ing energy in the home. Its really
interesting. Do you #now how mu"h energy you "an sa!e by %ust remembering to turn lights
off when you lea!e a room? I hate to ha!e to admit it, but Dad is right after all! ot only does
it help to sa!e the en!ironment but it also sa!es a lot of money, too. I!e learned about lots of
other things you "an do to sa!e ele"tri"ity and they are really easy to do. (hen I get home
Ill tell Dad all about them. Im sure hell be really pleased.
Im also really e)"ited about a trip we are going to go on ne)t wee#. $ur topi" is on
plants so we are going to !isit the Eden *ro%e"t in +ornwall. Its a really famous pla"e that
has been "reated to show people how important plants are in our li!es. It has huge
greenhouses in the shape of domes and they ha!e thousands of plants from all o!er the world
in them. $ne of the domes is li#e a rainforest and its full of tropi"al plants. Isnt that
wonderful? It will be li#e going to the Ama,on without e!en ha!ing to lea!e the "ountry! I
really "ant wait to see it. Im going to ta#e lots of pi"tures while Im there and Ill send them
to you.
(ell, thats all my news from here for the moment. (rite ba"# soon to let me #now
how e!eryone is and what you are all doing. Dont forget to tell Dad that I!e "hanged my
ways now I #now how wrong it is to waste ele"tri"ity. -rs (ells is "alling me to go down for
one of her strange meals now so Id better go.
Lots of lo!e to e!eryone,
(ith a spe"ial hug for .randma and .randpa,
Andy
1. Andy is planning to stay in England for a long time.
A/ 'rue
0/ &alse
+/ o information in the te)t
2. Andys class st!dy a different en"ironmental s!#$ect each wee%.
A/ 'rue
0/ &alse
&. Andy !ses the 'nternet at school e"ery day.
A/ 'rue
0/ &alse
1 E)press *ublishing *H$'$+$*IA0LE
1
(. All the st!dents write a composition on the same topic.
A/ 'rue
0/ &alse
). Andys father disappro"es of lights #eing left on.
A/ 'rue
0/ &alse
*. Andy thin%s it is diffic!lt to sa"e energy.
A/ 'rue
0/ &alse
+. ,ot many people %now a#o!t the Eden -ro$ect.
A/ 'rue
0/ &alse
.. All of the Eden -ro$ect greenho!ses are "ery hot inside.
A/ 'rue
0/ &alse
/. Andy is an enth!siastic photographer.
A/ 'rue
0/ &alse
10. English food is different to what Andy is !sed to.
A/ 'rue
0/ &alse
1se of English
2!ltiple Choice
Circle the letter of the correct answer A, B, C or 3.
1. Theirs was an extremely 44 relationship at the #est of times, #!t since they agreed
to separate they ha"e #ecome remar%a#ly good friends.
A/ auda"ious
0/ a"rimonious
+/ anomalous
D/ aggra!ating
2
2. Charles felt he was #eing 44 into attending the training programme #eca!se
of his recent poor performance on a similar co!rse.
A/ "ompelled
0/ dragooned
+/ drummed
D/ "harged
&. 5ith her h!s#and away for m!ch of the year and with three yo!ng children to
loo% after, 2ary felt she was rapidly reaching the end of her 44 .
A/ tether
0/ limit
+/ duration
D/ span

(. 'n times of recession, many peoples main concern is how far they can stretch
their 44 income.
A/ general
0/ gross
+/ disposable
D/ stable

). The sheep 44 on the hills in the s!mmer and are only #ro!ght down to the
"alley in the winter.
A/ gra,e
0/ gorge
+/ gu,,le
D/ gulp

*. Altho!gh we had #een pro"ided with all the information we re6!ired, o!r
concl!sions were disastro!sly 44 .
A/ wide of the mar#
0/ 2ui"# off the mar#
+/ up to the mar#
D/ below the mar#
+. 7o! will ine"ita#ly lose yo!r $o# if yo! contin!e to 44 yo!r responsi#ilities.
A/ shir#
0/ shift
+/ slog
D/ shamble

.. 3ere% rel!ctantly attended the ceremony, #!t as he had expected he felt li%e a
44 among all the famo!s people who were present.
A/ #ettle of fish
0/ horses mouth
+/ dog with two tails
D/ fish out of water

3
/. The children are "ery 44 today. ' $!st dont %now what to do to calm them
down.
A/ bashful
0/ boastful
+/ bilious
D/ boisterous

10. 7o! sho!ld ta%e 44 meas!res when yo! go clim#ing in the mo!ntains.
A/ pre%udi"ial
0/ preposterous
+/ pre"autionary
D/ pres"ripti!e

11. 8is e"asi"e answers 44 me !ntil ' e"ent!ally realised why he co!ldnt #e
totally honest.
A/ embellished
0/ baffled
+/ implored
D/ "lashed

12. The comedy on tele"ision last night was 449 we co!ldnt stop la!ghing from
#eginning to end.
A/ e"stati"
0/ hilarious
+/ humorous
D/ whimsi"al
1&. 8es s!ch a 449 ' dont %now why we e"er in"ite him to parties.
A/ dead weight
0/ wet blan#et
+/ dar# horse
D/ wild "ard

1(. To ma%e s!re that people !nderstand yo! when spea%ing a foreign lang!age,
yo! sho!ld 44 yo!r words caref!lly.
A/ dis"ipline
0/ shout
+/ spell
D/ enun"iate

1). They went thro!gh a few 44 years in their relationship, #!t still managed to
stay together.
A/ pre"o"ious
0/ turbulent
+/ ro"#ing
D/ relentless
4
:pen Clo;e
'om had been wor#ing for the same "ompany for nearly four years. He felt it was
time to as# his boss for a pay rise, but when it "ame to the point he 1< 33 his ner!e
and did not do it. 4nfortunately, 'om had a tenden"y to bury his head in the 2< 33
whene!er he fa"ed diffi"ult situations. His wife, 5ennifer, told him it was time to stop
beating around the &< 33 and do it. 6he told him he had to start throwing his
(< 33 around a little and demand respe"t. 0esides, the pay rise 'om was as#ing for
was nothing more than a drop in the )< 33 to his boss. 'he "ompany was !ery
su""essful and 'oms boss was rolling in *< 33. .
&inally, 'om wo#e up one day, #een as +< 33 and told 5ennifer that he would tell his
boss that he wanted a pay rise or he would lea!e the "ompany. He de"ided to throw all
"aution to the .< 33 and mar"hed straight into his bosses offi"e. 7.ood morning
'om, I see you got my message. +ome and sit down, I want to tal# to you about
something,8 said 'oms boss. 'om got the sho"# of his /< 33 as he sat and listened
to his boss e)plain to him that his wor# was e)"ellent and that he was terribly sorry
for not gi!ing him a pay rise for su"h a long time. It all "ame "ompletely out of the
10< 33 .
In the end, not only did 'om get the pay rise he deser!ed, but his boss ga!e him a
bonus to ma#e up for lost 11< 33 . 'om was thrilled to 12< 33 and "alled 5ennifer
straight away to gi!e her the good news.
9. A< mislaid B< missed C< lost 3< ga!e up
:. A< sand B< dirt C< ground 3< soil
;. A< shrub B< tree C< hedge 3< bush
<. A< tonnage B< weight C< mass 3< hea!iness
=. A< bu"#et B< pail C< !essel 3< pan
>. A< "urren"y B< dollars C< money 3< wealth
?. A< #et"hup B< paste C< "ondiments 3< mustard
@. A< wind B< bree,e C< gust 3< draught
A. A< e)isten"e B< life C< being 3< reality
9B. A< hat B< air C< blue 3< ba"#
99. A< e)penses B< time C< years 3< spa"e
9:. A< pie"es B< "hun#s C< portions 3< morsels
=entence Completion
1. >5hat did yo! #!y him?@ >5e all chipped in and #o!ght him aAn< 44 for his
#irthday.@
A/ bi#e with ten speeds of e)pensi!e aluminium
0/ tenCspeed aluminium e)pensi!e bi#e
+/ e)pensi!e tenCspeed aluminium bi#e
D/ tenCspeed e)pensi!e aluminium bi#e

2. Brians performance in maths wo!ld impro"e if he 44 a t!tor.
A/ is to hire
0/ were to hire
+/ had been going to hire
D/ is going to hire.
5
&. ,either he nor ' 44 easily frightened in normal circ!mstances, #!t the
animal was so terrifying that we co!ldnt help screaming.
A/ are
0/ is
+/ am
D/ are being

(. 5e co!ld "isit them on =at!rday or =!nday, since 44 day s!its me.
A/ either
0/ both
+/ neither
D/ all

). >5ill yo! lend Bo# the money he as%ed for?@ >Certainly not, and 44 .@
A/ nor you will
0/ neither should you
+/ you either shouldnt
D/ you should neither

*. >8ow was the garage sale?@ >After 44 e"erything, ' finally fo!nd something
to #!y.
A/ pi"#ing through my way
0/ pi"#ing my through way
+/ ha!ing pi"#ed through my way
D/ pi"#ing my way through

+. The aim of the award was to 44 the la#el >en"ironmentally friendly@ as a
sales gimmic%.
A/ dissuade "ompanies from using falsely
0/ dissuade "ompanies to falsely use
+/ falsely using the dissuasion of
D/ dissuade "ompanies from falsely using

.. The n!rse recommended that ' 44 my hearing tested as soon as possi#le.
A/ should ha!e to get
0/ ought not to ha!e got
+/ had better not get
D/ should get
/. According to this article, the rate of cancer in children 44 o"er the last &0
years.
A/ has been a steady in"rease
0/ steadily has been in"reasing
+/ has steadily in"reased
D/ steadily in"reased

10. =he ne"er went #ac% to the town9 4 her h!miliation.
A/ was so
0/ su"h was
+/ so was
6
D/ was su"h

11. As 44 tic%ets had #een sold in ad"ance, the promoters cancelled the #ands
worldwide to!r.
A/ too few
0/ hardly no
+/ basi"ally none
D/ !ery little

12. ' ha"ent #een a#le to "isit my nieces for wee%s, 44 one thing or another.
A/ whats what
0/ what with
+/ and what not
D/ but for

1&. >Throw the mil% away.@ >5hy? 't doesnt 4 .@
A/ smell so badly
0/ smell bad
+/ smell badly
D/ bad smell

1(. >This machine is ma%ing a strange noise.@ >'n that case 44 has to #e
something wrong with it.@
A/ 'here
0/ It
+/ 'hat
D/ Here

1). >' cant ma%e ca%es li%e yo!rs. 2ine t!rn o!t hard and cr!nchy.@ >Try 44
more mil%.@
A/ adding
0/ to add
+/ that you add
D/ add
=entence Transformations
-araphrase the sentences #elow !sing the words gi"en.
1. Most scientists argue that it is preferable to use organic products.
ABER=E
-ost s"ientists 33333333333333333333 of organi" produ"ts.
2. My husband and I had a row about buying a car.
5:R3=
I 333333333333333333333333.3 about buying a "ar.
3. Toms presence at parties adds to everyones enjoyment.
=:1C
'om 333333333333333333333333.33... of any party.
7
. !aurences car became his most pri"ed possession when he bought it.
D:7
Lauren"es "ar be"ame his ...3333333333.333 when he bought it.
#. $he isnt e%perienced& nevertheless' she was hired by a multi(national company.
E:R
6he was hired by a multinational "ompany, 33333333333. e)perien"e.
Transform the following sentences %eeping the original meaning.
). *avid was more than enthusiastic about the proposal and accepted immediately.
6u"h was 3333333333333333333333333..33.. on"e.
+. The rain stopped and almost immediately the sun came out.
0arely ...333333333333333333333333333333...
,. The reason why I was given promotion was that !aurence recommended me.
0ut 33333333333333333333333333333333...
-. .e reali"ed how much he cared for her only when she had been away for a long
time.
It was her 33333333333. made 33333333333333.. her.
1/. .e put on a mas0 because he did not want his wife to recogni"e him.
He put on a mas# to 333333333333...3333333333..3 him.
5riting
........Dou see the following announ"ement in a musi" maga,ine. 7-usi" young
people listen to today is a poor "opy of musi" made twenty or thirty years ago.8 Do
you agree with this? (hat is your opinion? Des"ribe the similarities and differen"es
between todays musi" and musi" of the past. $ne year free subs"ription for the best
entry.
(rite your "ompetition entry in appro)imately :=BC;BB words.
8
Test 2
Read the article and circle the correct answer A, B, C or 3.
.......'hey were all there. A"tors, musi"ians, writers, politi"ians, supermodels E
anyone who was anyone, in fa"t, "ame to worship at the new altar of 0ritish "oolF the
'ate -oderns opening party. 'he 'ates new 0an#side .allery "ame into being after
fi!e franti" years of planning and mini "rises whi"h the organisers, to their "redit,
handled remar#ably well. (hat they ha!e a"hie!ed is a gallery that ri!als the
*ompidou in *aris and the -$-A in ew Dor#.
......After de"ades of s"andal, "ontemporary art has sha#en off its marginalised
status and be"ome part and par"el of 0ritains new selfC"ons"iously international
image. $ne suspe"ts that the 'ate -odern will soon feature on e!ery tourists list of
things to see in London.
.......'he gallery is housed in the former 0an#side *ower 6tation. 'he building
itself answers the imperati!es of modern artG its big, bold and a little bit s"ary. 'he
ar"hite"ts Her,og and -euton ha!e emphasised the buildings new fun"tion whilst
respe"ting the e)isting ar"hite"ture. 'he "hoi"e of building is a fitting tribute to the
original ar"hite"t, 6"ott, the man who also ga!e us the red telephone bo). 6"otts
building was an emblem of old 0ritish industrialism and 0ritains position in the
world mar#et. ow the old e"onomy has gi!en way to the new E 0ritain has turned
from manufa"turing to ser!i"e industries, from hea!y to light. 'he building refle"ts
this. Instead of being dis"arded, it has been transformed into the new flagship of
0ritain. Dou "ant help but be stru"# be the irony of this as the original massi!e
girders pro!ide a ba"#drop to the deli"ate "onstru"tions of plasti" on display.
6u"h "omple)ities are not "onfined to the four walls of the 'ate -odern. It lies
in the po!ertyCstri"#en borough of 6outhwar#, yet is %ust a"ross the ri!er from the
wealthiest s2uare mile in Europe.
.............Its lo"ation on the south side of the Hi!er 'hames will alter the mental
geography of London. 'he area, whi"h has histori"ally been "losed off to the bu,, and
energy of the "apital, is definitely on the way up, with a sprin#ling of "ultural sites
su"h as the .lobe 'heatre luring !isitors o!er the 'hames. Dont be de"ei!ed though.
A few minutes away are the blea# streets of 6outhwar#, with its offi"e blo"#s and runC
down housing estates.
..........(hat is on offer inside is a brea# from the usual. Instead of presenting a
"hronologi"al display, the "urators ha!e opted for four themed areas, ea"h spanning
the twentieth "entury. 'his is rooted in the genres of art whi"h the &ren"h A"ademy
established in the 9>BBs, namelyF lands"ape, still life, the nude and history. 'his
allows an often witty and stimulating %u)tapositioning of pie"esG thus a -ondrian
gi!es way to the s2uares of .ilbert and .eorge. 'his startling %umble is a wel"ome
"hallenge, engaging the !iewer both psy"hologi"ally and physi"ally. If you are
willing, a trip to the 'ate -odern "an spar# a range of emotions, from delight and
selfCre"ognition to mild dis"omfort.
. (hat is interesting about the art on show is that younger "ontemporary artists
are displayed ne)t to the established masters Ior shamans, depending on your taste/.
'he new horde of artists pouring out of art "olleges "an now reasonably hope that
their wor# will ma#e the big time while they are still in their :Bs. In the past, spa"e
was reser!ed for people who had spent years struggling to rea"h notoriety through
e)hibitions in small, out of the way pla"es. 'his will undoubtedly ha!e a liberating
9
effe"t on young artists and perhaps ruffle the feathers of the older ones. 'he 'ate
-odern has had its "riti"s and will ine!itably "ontinue to do so, but the staffs
"onfiden"e remains undented. 'he dire"tors !ision and genius is understood and
respe"ted by them. (hat has been "reated here is a pla"e that generates energyG in that
sense, 6"otts 0an#side remains a power station.

1. The Tate 2oderns opening party was wellFattended #eca!se 44
A/ it had been wellCplanned.
0/ it had been highly publi"ised.
+/ it was a fashionable pla"e to be seen in.
D/ the guests supported 0ritish art.
2. Contemporary art has #ecome 44
A/ a re"ognised style in 0ritish art.
0/ more marginalised.
+/ more a""essible for tourists.
D/ a symbol of 0ritish e"onomi" strength.
&. 8er;og and 2e!ton designed 4
A/ the original power station building.
0/ the red telephone bo).
+/ the museum within the e)isting building.
D/ the borough of 6outhwar#.
(. The former Ban%side -ower =tation #!ilding 44
A/ pro!ides a "ontrast to the art inside.
0/ has been "ompletely refurbished.
+/ is lo"ated in a po"#et of wealth.
D/ will open up a new area to tourism.
). The area the m!se!m lies in 4
A/ is the most impressi!e in all of Europe.
0/ has a ri"h, "ultural history.
+/ is full of energy and attra"ts many tourists.
D/ is gradually transforming itself.
*. A "isitor to the Tate 2!se!m m!st #e 4
A/ well rooted in the art world.
0/ prepared for the une)pe"ted.
+/ willing to wal# a lot.
D/ emotionally stable and witty.
+. The wor%s on display 44
A/ are arranged a""ording to era.
0/ "o!er the twentieth "entury.
+/ are a refreshing "ontrast to &ren"h A"ademy wor#s.
D/ refle"t a !ariety of emotions.
.. 'n order to ha"e yo!r wor% displayed at the Tate, yo! m!st 4
A/ be a "ontemporary artist.
10
0/ ha!e graduated from an art "ollege.
+/ ha!e shown your wor# at pre!ious e)hibitions.
D/ "at"h the eye of the "urator.
/. 5hat can the Tate 2!se!m offer yo!ng artists?
A/ a feeling of freedom to present their art
0/ a staff position at the 'ate -useum
+/ an opportunity to be"ome an art "riti"
D/ a "han"e to upset some of the older artists
10. 5hat does the writer s!ggest a#o!t wellF%nown contemporary artists?
A/ 'heir wor# has only re"ently be"ome popular.
0/ 'hey ha!e influen"ed the younger artists styles.
+/ 'hey are fewer in number than younger artists.
D/ 'hey may resent the su""ess of younger artists.
1se of English
2!ltiple Choice
1. 2odern electrical appliances considera#ly 44 the amo!nt of time needed to
%eep a ho!sehold in order.
A/ redu"e
0/ shorten
+/ shrin#
D/ "ut ba"#

2. The m!se!m has a 44 display of ho!sehold o#$ects which is pop!lar with
"isitors of all ages.
A/ stable
0/ "ontinual
+/ "onstant
D/ permanent
&. 5ho wo!ld ha"e tho!ght that we wo!ld #e #!rgled in 44 daylight?
A/ wide
0/ broad
+/ pure
D/ high
(. The sight of 44 em#ers, $!st #efore the fire goes o!t, is "ery comforting.
A/ spar#ling
0/ flashing
+/ shining
D/ glowing

). T!rtles fre6!ently fall prey to predators #eca!se, 44 their assailants, they
cannot mo"e "ery fast.
A/ dissimilar
11
0/ unli#e
+/ li#e
D/ "omparable

*. The increase in the cost of li"ing has 44 many stayFatFhome m!ms to ret!rn
to wor%.
A/ prompted
0/ eli"ited
+/ pro!o#ed
D/ produ"ed
+. 3espite the wellF%nown dangers, 44 of n!clear energy point to its costF
effecti"eness in their defence of its !se.
A/ emissions
0/ "ounterparts
+/ ad!ersaries
D/ ad!o"ates

.. The committees decision was 44 and the policy was p!t into effect
immediately.
A/ harmonious
0/ united
+/ "ommon
D/ unanimous

/. 5ith her new $o#, her sons illness and her family pro#lems, 2eg was at the
end of her 44 .
A/ tether
0/ rope
+/ "hain
D/ "ord

10. The !ndergro!nd society held their 44 meetings in different locations each
wee%.
A/ "on"ealed
0/ "landestine
+/ "on!erted
D/ "onspi"uous

11. The secret agent !sed a 44 to pre"ent others from reading his messages.
A/ "ider
0/ "ipher
+/ "y"le
D/ "yni"

12. The captain was not aware of the 44 roc%s and the ship was holed $!st
a#o"e the waterline.
A/ pro%e"ting
0/ protruding
+/ bulging
12
D/ obtruding
1&. 8is presentation on glo#al warming was a 44 conf!sing.
A/ tad
0/ pad
+/ "ad
D/ lad

1(. This no"el is #oring #eca!se it is 44 of any intrig!e.
A/ defiant
0/ de!oid
+/ destitute
D/ depri!ed

1). The former CE: was ca!ght 44 the companys money.
A/ embe,,ling
0/ "heating
+/ wagering
D/ pilfering

Clo;e
&rom time to time, stories about the possible health ha,ards of mobile phones,
in"luding memory loss and brain tumours, A1< 3 in the media. As there are an
estimated half a billion mobile phones in use throughout the world, it is perhaps not
surprising that people find su"h "on"erns worrying, e!en if, so far, no "on"rete A2< 3
has "ome to light .
Jery often, the media stories are based on !ery A&< 3 data. &or e)ample, one
study by Dr. Alan *ree"e of 0ristol 4ni!ersity, in!ol!ed %ust ;@ !olunteers who were
A(< 3 to mi"rowa!e radiation for up to thirty minutes and then A)< 3 to a number of
tests. Hesults suggested that the radiation has no effe"t on A*< 3 shortCterm memory
or attention span, but one une)pe"ted A+< 3 was that the sub%e"ts a"tually performed
better in a test measuring rea"tion times to !isual A.< 3 . In his "on"lusion, Dr *ree"e
tentati!ely suggested that the radiation was possibly disturbing the normal A/< 3 of
the brain and that this might ha!e serious longCterm A10< 3 .
'his small in"on"lusi!e study, along with other e2ually A11< 3 resear"h, was
pi"#ed up by the media and blown out of proportion. 'he sub%e"t was e!en dealt with
on a A12< 3 "urrent affairs tele!ision programme in whi"h it was implied that mobile
phone manufa"turers were hiding the truth for the A1&< 3 of profits.
+learly, it is right for the publi" to be informed about "on"erns A1(< 3 as the
ones des"ribed here, but it is the medias responsibility to present whate!er e!iden"e
is a!ailable in aIn/ A1)< 3, ob%e"ti!e way.
9. A< emerge B< transpire C< arise 3< o""ur
:. A< "onfirmation B< testimony C< indi"ation 3< e!iden"e
;. A< "onfined B< restri"ted C< limited 3< redu"ed
<. A< e)posed B< re!ealed C< un"on"ealed 3< di!ulged
=. A< submitted B< sub%e"ted C< proffered 3< tendered
>. A< alternate B< e!ery C< either 3< ea"h
13
?. A< out"ome B< issue C< payoff 3< se2uen"e
@. A< en"ouragement B< indu"ement C< in"enti!e 3< stimuli
A. A< mission B< fun"tion C< re"eption 3< labour
9B. A< de!elopments B< "onse2uen"es C< ba"#lashes 3< se2uels
99. A< hesitant B< indefinite C< tentati!e 3< faltering
9:. A< "reditable B< upright C< reputable 3< e)emplary
9;. A< welfare B< ob%e"ti!e C< moti!e 3< sa#e
9<. A< something B< su"h C< for 3< mu"h
9=. A< unbiased B< disinterested C< e2uitable 3< deta"hed
=entence Completion
1. There is no point in as%ing them for money. They 44 e"erything #y now.
A/ will ha!e spent
0/ will be spending
+/ will spend
D/ will ha!e been spent
2. They s!ggested that the go"ernment sho!ld pay for the entire cost of the
,ational 8ealth =er"ice, 44 .
A/ that absolutely I found impra"ti"able
0/ whi"h I did absolutely find impra"ti"able
+/ what I found impra"ti"able absolutely
D/ whi"h I found absolutely impra"ti"able

&. 8ardly 44. his neigh#o!r popped in for a chat.
A/ Harry had "ome ba"# home than
0/ had Harry "ome ba"# home when
+/ Harry had "ome ba"# home when
D/ had Harry "ome ba"# home than
(. ' do!#t well e"er ma%e a deal with that company, 44 merge with it.
A/ apart from
0/ beside
+/ let alone
D/ e)"ept for
). 44 the deposit has #een made, yo! will recei"e an email confirming the
reser"ation.
A/ 0y the time
0/ ot until
+/ $n"e
D/ 0efore

*. 3espite the fact that it was the #oss who p!t Cynn in charge of the -ersonnel
3epartment, ' dont thin% that shes 44 the $o#.
A/ up with
0/ in for
+/ in to
14
D/ up to

+. 44 how to handle the sit!ation, the teacher notified the head teacher.
A/ ot #nowing
0/ ot to #now
+/ ot #nown
D/ (ho not #nowing

.. 'f the go"ernment had ta%en the right preca!tions, the de"astating economic
conse6!ences 44 .
A/ must ha!e a!erted
0/ should a!ert
+/ "ould ha!e been a!erted
D/ had to be a!erted

/. All dissertations, 44 next wee%, sho!ld #e in C3FRom format.
A/ submitting
0/ are submitted
+/ to be submitted
D/ will be submitted

10. Altho!gh there are many people see%ing employment nowadays, s!ita#ly
6!alified indi"id!als are few and 44 .
A/ away
0/ far wide
+/ far away
D/ far between

11. ' 44 to meet a man who doesnt lea"e the #athroom in a mess after he has
had a showerG
A/ ha!e yet
0/ ha!e still
+/ ha!e already
D/ ha!ent yet

12. 5ell, this 44 the last chance ' ha"e to get a tan this year, so ' thin% ' will
stay on the #each a #it longer.
A/ "ould well be
0/ well "ould be
+/ may be %ust
D/ "ould as well be

1&. 44 the news of her h!s#ands accident she collapsed.
A/ 0y hearing
0/ $n hearing
+/ 'hrough hearing
D/ 6in"e hearing
1(. 44 her, ' disappro"e of her teaching methods.
A/ I although li#e
15
0/ o matter I li#e
+/ Despite I li#e
D/ -u"h as I li#e

1). They are "ery wealthy. 44 , they lead 6!ite a modest life.
A/ All the same
0/ $n top of that
+/ $n the "ontrary
D/ Hen"e

1. .e had just come home when he received an urgent call from his parents.
o sooner 333333333333333333333333333333
2. It is 0nown that the convict escaped despite being heavily shac0led.
'he "on!i"t 33333333333333333333333333333..
3. 1o one in the village protested against the new regulations e%cept !i".
(ith 33333333333333333333333333333333.
. 2hile they were disarming the conspirators' one of them bro0e ran0s and
confessed.
(hile the 333333333333333333333333333333.
#. It too0 me twenty minutes to realise who I had been tal0ing to.
$nly 33333333333333333333333333333333.
). The children were deceived by the nasty tric0 the nanny played on them.
E:R
'he "hildren ..333333333333333333333333........ the
nasty tri"# the nanny played on them.
+. 3ortunately' *an discussed financial issues at the meeting and now we have no
problems.
1-
If Dan 3333333333333333333333333333333...
trouble now.
,. The parade was cancelled because of public protests.
ACC:1,T
'he parade was "an"elled 333333333333333333333333
publi" protests.
-. 4ur immersion heater must be repaired urgently.
=EE,
16
(e must 333333333333333333333333333333...
urgently.
1/. 2hen 5ania stood ne%t to the bas0etball players' she loo0ed very small.
35AREE3
Hania 33333333333333333333333.......... when she stood
ne)t to them.
5riting
6ome elderly people are put in nursing homes be"ause their "hildren "annot or
will not ta#e "are of them, while others whose spouses ha!e passed away are left to
fend for themsel!es. (hat is the best way to ta#e "are of the elderly, whose numbers
"ontinue to grow? 6hould they li!e at home with their "hildren, be sent to nursing
homes, or li!e on their own?
(rite your point of !iew in appro)imately :=BC;BB words, gi!ing reasons.
17
Test &
Read the text and circle the letter of the correct answer A, B, C or 3.

At first sight a ,ebra may loo# li#e a 2uir# of nature, an unli#ely sur!i!or in an
en!ironment of fier"e predators. After all, what "an be more definite, as a fashion
statement, than bla"# and white stripes, so totally unli#e the brown, grey or #ha#i of
"reatures that blend with their ba"#ground to es"ape being another animals ne)t
meal? 'he fa"t that the ,ebra hasnt been wiped out means that su"h mar#ings must
gi!e the animal some sort of ad!antage in the wild.
Although the earliest identifiable an"estor of the ,ebra appeared on earth about
=< million years ago, it too# =: million years for the e2uus genus, of whi"h the
modern ,ebra is a !ariety, to arri!e. (ith en!ironmental "onditions "hanging as herds
migrated, populations be"ame separated from ea"h other and gradually di!ersified
into the distin"t spe"ies we ha!e today E horses, don#eys and ,ebras. Kebras
themsel!es "an be further subdi!ided into three groupsF plains, mountain and .re!ys.
............E)perts ha!e long pu,,led o!er the purpose of a ,ebras stripes, posing
e)planations su"h as a need to #eep parasites away or the white stripes being a
"ooling de!i"e to absorb less heat, despite the fa"t that there is no #nown "orrelation
between the width of the white stripes and the lo"al "limate. (e must, therefore,
sear"h elsewhere for reasons why the stripes e!ol!ed. 'hree "redible e)planations
present themsel!esF "amouflage, "ommuni"ation and "ourting.
. $n"e they be"ome aware of an impeding atta"#, they do not ma#e use of their
mar#ings as other "amouflaged animals do E neither free,ing nor attempting to blend
in with their surroundings. Instead, they stay out in the open in large, bra,en groups.
&ar from ma#ing them sitting du"#s, this aids them in what is "alled disrupti!e
"oloration, where the outline of ea"h indi!idual animal is disrupted, beda,,ling
wouldCbe predators with the "ombined effe"ts of the herds stripes, as well as
produ"ing the illusion of greater si,e. *redators therefore find it diffi"ult to either
assess the herds number or the si,e of indi!idual animals. 'he situation is
e)a"erbated by the fa"t that the stripes ma#e it diffi"ult to %udge how far away and in
whi"h dire"tion the ,ebras are tra!elling, effe"ti!ely s"reening them from predators.
. .4nli#e other e2uines, ,ebras li!e in an en!ironment where it may be diffi"ult
to find other members of their spe"ies, so the stripes also ser!e as a "ommuni"ati!e
purpose. In fa"t, so attuned to identifying bla"# and white ob%e"ts are ,ebras that they
will rea"t to a stuffed toy ,ebra or a painting of a ,ebra as if it were a real li!e member
of their own spe"ies. 'he re"ognition of bla"# and white stripes also helps a group
"ome together when under atta"#.
. .It is not un#nown for ,ebras to mate with other members of the e2uus family,
produ"ing su"h hybrids as a L,orse I,ebra and horse/ or a L,on#ey I,ebra and
don#ey/. 'hese are, howe!er, e)"eptions and it would seem that, within the spe"ies,
the stripes are a de"isi!e fa"tor in "ourting and mating. Indeed, any indi!idual animal
whose stripes are abnormal or in"omplete is li#ely to be re%e"ted by others in the herd
and will probably not reprodu"e.
. 'hose spe"imens whose stripes ha!e not formed properly may pro!e to be the
#ey to a perennial 2uestion about ,ebras E are they bla"# with white stripes or white
with bla"# stripes? It would appear that, be"ause the imperfe"t mar#ings are white
dots, bro#en lines and blot"hes on a bla"# ba"#ground, ,ebras are bla"# with white
stripes rather than !i"e !ersa.
18
...6o there you ha!e it, a "reature that, despite its pop art appearan"e, has stood
the test of time and is in no immediate danger of disappearing. (hile the ,ebra might,
on the surfa"e, loo# li#e the laughing sto"# of Afri"a, its stripes are an effe"ti!e !isual
"lue that "ommuni"ates to both the predator and other members of the group. It loo#s
as if, li#e the leopard with its spots, the ,ebra is unli#ely to "hange its stripes.

1. According to the writer, a ;e#ras stripes 44
A/ are meant to blend in with its ba"#ground.
0/ ma#e a fashion statement.
+/ ha!e sur!i!al !alue.
D/ ha!e ensured that it hasnt been wiped out.
2. According to the writer, the modern ;e#ra 44
A/ is a migratory animal.
0/ li!es separately from horses and don#eys.
+/ "an only tolerate a spe"ifi" "limate.
D/ is of relati!ely re"ent origin.
&. 5hat does the writer say a#o!t ;e#ras as a species?
A/ 'hey are e)a"tly the same as horses.
0/ 'hey "omprise three subdi!isions.
+/ 'hey are "ompletely unrelated to don#eys.
D/ 'hey "ame into being =< million years ago.
(. 5hen confronted with danger, animals other than ;e#ras 44
A/ be"ome "onfused by their surroundings.
0/ remain "ompletely still.
+/ intermingle with the rest of the herd.
D/ use their "amouflage to "reate a disturban"e.
). 't wo!ld seem that a ;e#ras stripes ser"e to 44
A/ "ool the animal down.
0/ dis"ourage parasites.
+/ "onfuse possible predators.
D/ ma#e the animal larger.
*. According to the writer, an important factor when h!nting prey is the a#ility to 44
A/ run at high speeds.
0/ estimate distan"es "orre"tly.
+/ single out an animal from a herd.
D/ "hoose a suitable lo"ation.
+. 'f ;e#ras see a li%eness of one of their species, they will 44
A/ mista#e it for a real ,ebra.
0/ atta"# it.
+/ ignore it.
D/ ma#e it part of their group.
.. He#ras will not mate with 44
A/ horses or don#eys.
19
0/ ,ebras from other groups.
+/ hybrids.
D/ ,ebras with atypi"al stripes.
/. The s%in of a ;e#ra wo!ld appear to #e 44
A/ white on bla"#.
0/ able to "hange.
+/ bla"# on white.
D/ spotted rather than striped.
10. 5hat does the writer imply a#o!t the f!t!re of the ;e#ra?
A/ It will be around for some time to "ome.
0/ It probably wont e!ol!e any further.
+/ It will be"ome Afri"as least popular animal.
D/ It may soon %oin the ran#s of prote"ted animals.
1se of English
2!ltiple Choice
1. 5hat #egan as a few flic%ers in the form of some regional stri%es, 6!ic%ly
de"eloped into a 44 of national stri%es that threatened to #ring the entire
co!ntry to a standstill.
A/ "onfiguration
0/ "on"atenation
+/ "onflagration
D/ "onstellation

2. The inc!m#ent criticised his predecessors 44 spending on ad"ertising,
claiming it was the sole ca!se of the companys c!rrent financial woes.
A/ propagate
0/ promulgate
+/ pre"edent
D/ profligate
&. =cientists pin the #lame for the catastrophe s6!arely on the states 44 and
!nreg!lated chemical disposal ind!stry.
A/ soaring
0/ burgeoning
+/ "lambering
D/ budding

(. Resigned to the fact that they wo!ld soon #e 44 #y the newcomers, they
resol"ed to spend their remaining days at the top, f!elling contro"ersy.
A/ wrestled
0/ infringed
+/ usurped
D/ en"roa"hed
20
). R!mo!rs are rife that the captain of the national team will soon #e 44 his
trade o"erseas.
A/ pillaring
0/ plying
+/ "ir"ulating
D/ sta#ing

*. :scar 5ilde was a master of witty 44, among his most famo!s are
IExperience is simply the name we gi"e o!r mista%es and I't is the spectator, and
not life, that art really mirrors.
A/ bywords
0/ "anons
+/ aphorisms
D/ a!o"ations

+. :pting against o!tright sl!rs, the candidate chose instead to ma%e a n!m#er
of thinly 44 references to his opponents age and inexperience.
A/ mas#ed
0/ "urtained
+/ !eiled
D/ shrouded

.. A deal was h!rriedly #ro%ered so as to soothe growing shareholder 4... .
A/ salien"y
0/ ran"our
+/ gaudiness
D/ flagran"y

/. 8e garners praise from all he wor%s with for #eing #oth the 44 professional
and a man with an !ns!rpassed %nowledge of the law.
A/ "onsummate
0/ penultimate
+/ pe%orati!e
D/ "on"lusi!e
10. The company spo%esman $!stified the price increase saying the mo"e was a
necessary response to the >contin!ed 44 of ind!stry price hi%es that Joodright
:il are weathering@.
A/ onslaught
0/ assault
+/ offensi!e
D/ es"alating

11. The tension on the pitch was 44 as the stri%er stepped !p to the mar% to
ta%e the penalty %ic%.
A/ ostentatious
0/ palpable
+/ auda"ious
D/ surged

21
12. The prime minister remained defiant o"er his ref!sal to ratify the treaty and
confirmed that it was !nli%ely there wo!ld #e a shift in the go"ernments 44
anytime soon.
A/ stan"e
0/ frame
+/ bias
D/ platform

1&. Today, British !ni"ersities were warned that they may #e in 44 of h!man
rights legislation if they apply positi"e discrimination to state school applicants.
A/ rupture
0/ infringe
+/ brea"h
D/ flout

1(. 1nfort!nately, rather than the loans #eing allocated to spending which wo!ld
ha"e stim!lated the regions 44 economy, they were instead !sed to prop !p its
c!rrency.
A/ abating
0/ tapering
0/ flagging
D/ lur"hing

1). The impending credit cr!nch and spiralling f!el prices will !ndo!#tedly
force smaller airlines to adopt a slew of 44 meas!res in order to stay afloat.
A/ "landestine
0/ austerity
+/ embellishing
D/ aestheti"

:pen Clo;e
Eill in the #lan%s with :,E word only.
1. All employees are pro!ided with a plasti" "ard "ontaining a magneti" strip with
whi"h they are to 3333333 in when they report for wor#.
2. A""ording to "lause 9.? of the employment agreement, if an employee
3333333 his "ontra"t, a penalty sum is paid to the employer.
&. 'he e)pressed aim of the poli"y was to impro!e effi"ien"y, but ministers
3333333 to "onsiderable lengths to ensure that pri!ate edu"ational
institutions would be able to "ompete on fa!ourable terms.
(. 'he flight attendant, who was !ery e)perien"ed and used to 3333333
diffi"ult situations, "almed the passengers down in no time.
). 'he head of the department was 3333333 for words when he saw the
annual report, and e!eryone #new that a pri"e was going to ha!e to be paid.
*. I ha!e ne!er seen her so angry, though her anger is understandable when you
3333333 the fa"t that two entire dis#s of in!aluable information ha!e been
destroyed into "onsideration.
+. At first there were fears that the girl would be left 3333333 s"arred as a
result of the a""ident, but do"tors were able to assure her parents that she would ma#e
a "omplete re"o!ery.
22
.. 'he proposed agenda for the "onferen"e unfortunately does not meet our
"ompanys re2uirements, 3333333 is it in a""ordan"e with our general poli"y
for su"h forums.
/. Ha!ing re!iewed all the material rele!ant to the "omplaint, I ha!e 3333333
to the "on"lusion that no one indi!idual "an be singled out as being responsible for the
error.
10. 'here were hopes that the "ompany was on "ourse to re"o!er its position, but then
matters too# a dramati" 3333333 for the worse when there was an
unpre"edented in"rease in the "ost of raw materials.
=entence Completion
1. Cloying tho!gh the sentiment may #e, ' regret not ...... #efore now.
A/ it being !oi"ed
0/ ha!ing !oi"ed it
+/ to be !oi"ing it
D/ to !oi"e it

2. 8ad ' #een in"ited to spea% at the conference, ' ...... to forgi"e my colleag!e his
pre"io!s transgressions.
A/ would ha!e been able
0/ will be able
+/ had been able
D/ "ould be able
&. 44 the many diffic!lties in"ol"ed in the operation, which ha"e serio!sly
hampered efforts, significant goals ha"e #een achie"ed in their wor% with the
famine "ictims.
A/ In spite of
0/ Although
+/ e!ertheless
D/ (hile

(. 44 earlier than expected #y any chance, please tell him to wait in my office.
A/ He should arri!e
0/ If he had arri!ed
+/ If he should ha!e arri!ed
D/ 6hould he arri!e

). 'f he is to ha"e the least hope of s!r"i"al then it is "ital 44 immediate
s!rgery.
A/ him undergoing
0/ he will undergo
+/ that he is undergoing
D/ that he undergo

*. 'f yo! ha"e any pro#lems with this e6!ipment 44, yo! sho!ld contact yo!r
nearest ser"ice engineer at the earliest opport!nity.
A/ whi"he!er
23
0/ if e!er
+/ whatsoe!er
D/ howe!er

+. 8er case st!dy of malaria in =o!theast Asia is "ery 44, and co!ld well pro"e
to #e the seminal wor% on the s!#$ect.
A/ e)hausting
0/ e)hausted
+/ e)hausti!e
D/ e)haustion

.. 8e is reported 44 the acc!sation regarding in"ol"ement in the failed co!p.
A/ he has denied
0/ to ha!e denied
+/ as ha!ing been denied
D/ to ha!e been denied

/. ' thin% yo! are ma%ing too m!ch of the matter9 he ...... to see the logic of yo!r
arg!ment sooner or later.
A/ is bound
0/ has been bound
+/ would be bound
D/ had been bound

10. 't was only after we ...... the system o"erha!led that we realised how
inefficiently it had #een operating.
A/ ha!e
0/ were ha!ing
+/ ha!e had
D/ had had

11. -lease ens!re that st!dents failing to comply with the new reg!lations ......
with a "er#al warning prior to the consideration of f!rther disciplinary action.
A/ ha!e been issued
0/ should be issued
+/ are to be issued
D/ are being issued

12. As of the end of 2arch, yo! will #e astonished to learn that ' 44 three
months for an appointment with the specialist.
A/ will ha!e been waiting
0/ am waiting
+/ will be waiting
D/ will wait

1&. As the train slowly p!lled o!t of the station, ' co!ld see 44 good#ye to their
lo"ed ones.
A/ people who wa!ing
0/ people wa!ing
+/ people whi"h wa!ed
24
D/ people who wa!e
1(. 'n my opinion, she ...... to comply with the reg!lations regardless of her
o#$ections to them.
A/ had been made
0/ was made
+/ should ha!e been made
D/ would ha!e been made

1). The salesman was so pers!asi"e that little ...... that his claims for the prod!ct
were completely #og!s.
A/ she suspe"ted
0/ was she suspe"ting
+/ had she suspe"ted
D/ did she suspe"t

1. The manager is convinced that the customer will not be satisfied unless she
receives a full refund.
CE==
othing 3333333333333333333333333333333
333333333333333333. the "ustomer, a""ording to the manager.
2. 2e regret the fact that you were not informed of the changes to the programme' but
it appears the secretary assumed you already 0new.
JRA,TE3
4nfortunately, 3333333333333333333333333333.
that you already #new about the "hanges to the programme.
3. 6lthough these tests are not compulsory' senior students are encouraged to ta0e
them.
:BC'JAT':,
6enior students 3333333333333333333333333333
these tests, although it is re"ommended that they do so.
. I am of the opinion that you could do really well in your career if only you were to
ma0e the effort to succeed.
2',3
I thin# you "ould get right to the top of the professional ladder 333333333
3333333333333333333333 it.
#. 6lthough he seemed to enjoy the publicity that came with his popularity as an
actor' he privately hated the way the media scrutini"ed his personal life.
58'C8
Although he #ept the fa"t to himself, the wellC#nown a"tor hated the way 333..
333333333333333333333333... by the media.
25
). 6ll things considered' I thin0 I would have to say that I find the idea of teaching
more attractive than wor0ing in an office.
After "areful thought, I!e de"ided that Id 33333333333333333.
333333333333333333333333333.wor# in an offi"e.
+. 7lease get in touch with us straight away if you feel that you need more
information.
6hould 3333333333333333333333333333333.,
33333333333333333333 please do not hesitate to "onta"t us.
,. The noise on the factory floor was of such a level that' although he spo0e loudly' he
could not ma0e himself heard.
Loudly 3333333333333333333333333333333,
333333.. he "ould not ma#e himself heard abo!e the noise on the fa"tory floor.
-. I have 0nown Mr $mith for a number of years and I am certain he is the best
candidate for the job.
Ha!ing been a"2uainted with -r 6mith for se!eral years, I ha!e no 3333333.
33333333333him for the post as I ha!e e!ery "onfiden"e in his abilities.
1/. It had been an e%hausting day and he had just left the office when the phone rang.
o 333333333333333333333333333333333
the phone rang.
5riting
..An international teenage maga,ine has as#ed its readers to send in re!iews of
their fa!ourite film or boo#. 'he best re!iews will be published.
(rite your re!iew in appro)imately :=BC;BB words.
26
Test (
Read the text and answer the 6!estions which follow it.
0y :B:B whole business "on"erns will ha!e been wiped out and new ones
"reated by a new e"onomy E an e"onomy powered by te"hnology, fuelled by
information and dri!en by #nowledge. 6o, what is in store?
AK 5or%ing from home
..............'he good news is that te"hnology allows the wor#er to ta#e the offi"e
anywhere. 'he home offi"e is already be"oming "ommon and will be"ome more so in
the future. In"reasingly, wor#ers are on the mo!e #eeping in tou"h with their offi"es
!ia the Internet, pagers, laptop "omputers and mobile phones. $!er the ne)t :B years
there will be an enormous in"rease in the number of people wor#ing from home.
0ritish .as mo!ed =,BBB of their ser!i"e engineers out of the offi"e and into their
homes some years ago. 'his enabled the "ompany to "lose more than <BB offi"es and
depots, resulting in a huge in"rease in effi"ien"y.
. .'here is bad news, too. As the !irtual offi"e ne!er "loses, it opens the door to
employer abuse if wor# is re2uired outside normal wor#ing hours. It also means that
be"ause wor# will no longer be "onfined to one pla"e, it will be"ome more per!asi!e,
en"roa"hing on e!ery aspe"t of the wor#ers life.
BK The =elfFEmployed 5or%er
....'he traditional wor# arrangement E a fullCtime %ob with benefits E is already
gi!ing away to something fundamentally different. 0y :B:B more than half of the
wor#for"e will be selfCemployed, running their own businesses or wor#ing on shortC
term "ontra"ts. In"reasingly, wor#ers will wor# through the Internet or sell their s#ills
on the open mar#et as independent "ontra"tors.
................(or#ers will be attra"ted by the mobility and "hoi"e offered by su"h
independent "ontra"ts. 'hese arrangements will pro!ide the fle)ibility needed to
%uggle employment and family "ommitments and as su"h represent the future of wor#.
*eople wor#ing in "all "entres, sales departments, engineering, "onsultan"y and
"omputing will be freed from the "onstraints of time and lo"ation. 'hey will ha!e the
fle)ibility to wor# where and when they please and be able to ma#e their own
"ontra"tual arrangements, filling gaps in the mar#etpla"e and selling their s#ills to the
highest bidder.
CK =er"ice Economy
......At the end of the 9Ath "entury, >BM of %obs in the 4N fell into one of three
"ategories, farming, manufa"turing and mining. 0y the 9A;Bs that figure had fallen to
<BM, and by :BBB, to less than 9=M. 'hose who would pre!iously ha!e wor#ed in the
manufa"turing se"tor are now %oining the new ser!i"e e"onomy and the world of
information te"hnology.
...'here will always be a need for the human tou"h. E!en the most enthusiasti"
roboti"s engineers a""ept that the fa"e of a "aring robot does not ha!e 2uite the same
"alming effe"t as the fa"e of a "aring nurse. In a world dominated by "omputers and
tele!ision, people will be less profi"ient in interCpersonal "ommuni"ations, so those
s#illed in dealing with other people will be preferred by employers. +are assistants,
medi"al assistants, health aides, dental hygienists and residential "ounsellors "an
e)pe"t to find their s#ills in demand.
....It is estimated that by :B9= as many as A=M of %obs will re2uire people with
information te"hnology s#ills. Database administrators, des#top publishing spe"ialists
27
and systems analysts are %ust some of the fastestCgrowing information te"hnology
o""upations for the future.
3K ,ew Technology
........'he use of "omputers and the Internet in the wor#pla"e will be"ome e!en
more "ommon and the fun"tions performed by "omputers will dramati"ally in"rease.
As wor# s#ills "hange and are reorganised, the influen"e of te"hnology will be"ome
greater and go far beyond what we #now today.
.........As new te"hnology in"reases rates of produ"ti!ity, fewer wor#ers will be
needed on produ"tion lines. Hobots are already starting to ha!e a ma%or impa"t on the
wor#pla"e. 'he number of robots in 5apan is predi"ted to nearly double and %obs
in!ol!ing repetiti!e wor# may disappear altogether in the future. LowCs#illed %obs are
be"oming in"reasingly hard to find.
....At the other end of the s"ale, highCte"hnology industries already a""ount for
almost =M of new %obs "reated in the 4nited 6tates alone, while eC"ommer"e is
generating re!enues approa"hing that of the automobile industry. ew and better
te"hnology will also ma#e life easier for the less able. &rom large s"reen monitors and
!oi"e re"ognition software to alternati!e #eyboard and tele"ommuni"ations systems,
assisti!e te"hnology is remo!ing barriers for people with disabilities.
EK Adapta#ility is the Ley
Edu"ation will no longer end at 9@ or :9, but will remain a "onstant part of our
li!es as wor#ers will ha!e to "ontinually retrain in order to remain employable. A new
"radleCtoCgra!e edu"ation system will emerge, perhaps with groups of adults being
taught on the Internet or by digital tele!ision.
.......'he "hallenge will be for wor#ers to be s#illed but fle)ible. As te"hnology
"reates more opportunities for those who ha!e the re2uired s#ills, the supply of %obs at
the lower end of the s"ale will gradually disappear. All wor#ers will ha!e to be
e2uipped with the tools not only to su""eed but to ensure they will not be"ome
redundant in the new e"onomy.
.'hese tools in"lude #nowledge and "ommuni"ation s#ills as well as edu"ation
and %obCspe"ifi" s#ills. 0ut "hanging te"hnologies will mean that employers will need
to play a greater role in pro!iding wor#ers with training and edu"ation opportunities
throughout their wor#ing li!es. $ne way to ensure your future su""ess is to "hoose a
"areer in an industry li#ely to boom. 0iote"hnology, bioengineering, entertainment,
engineering, "omputer programming, information ser!i"es and software produ"tion
are all set to ro"#et.

1. 5ithin the next few years, home offices will 4
A/ be transportable.
0/ be"ome more te"hnologi"al.
+/ be more widespread.
D/ impro!e business e"onomies.
2. British Jas 4
A/ for"ed =BBB wor#ers to mo!e out of their homes.
0/ mo!ed wor#ers into their bosses homes.
+/ allowed "ertain wor#ers to wor# from their personal residen"e.
D/ "losed o!er <BB offi"es that were not operating effi"iently.
&. :ne negati"e aspect of a home office is 4
A/ your business life may infringe upon your personal life.
28
0/ you will be re2uired to wor# longer hours.
+/ you may ha!e to tra!el more often.
D/ your employer may "ome to your home.
(. 'n the f!t!re, a large portion of the wor%force will 4
A/ wor# fullCtime.
0/ wor# with "omputers.
+/ wor# independently.
D/ be their own boss.
). Employment options will allow people to 4
A/ manage their own s"hedules.
0/ wor# at !arious lo"ations.
+/ gain further wor# s#ills.
D/ mo!e around mu"h easier.
*. The most pre"alent careers in the f!t!re will in"ol"e 4
A/ tele!ision and "ommuni"ation.
0/ health "are.
+/ "ounselling and therapy.
D/ "omputers and te"hnology.
+. ,ew technology in the wor%place is expected to 4
A/ tea"h people new s#ills.
0/ repla"e wor#ers with robots.
+/ ha!e minimal effe"ts on the wor#for"e.
D/ redu"e produ"tion line produ"ti!ity.
.. 8ow will new technology #enefit people with disa#ilities in the wor%place?
A/ they will ha!e assistants to help them with tas#s
0/ restri"ti!e barriers will be remo!ed
+/ they will be offered alternati!e wor# opportunities
D/ there will be !arious tools that offer them assistan"e
/. Ed!cation will #e 4
A/ ongoing throughout an indi!iduals "areer.
0/ a!ailable to people between the ages of 9@C:9.
+/ offered to groups of wor#ers that ha!e lost their %obs.
D/ a!ailable to wor#ers through digital 'J.
10. The f!t!re wor%place will re6!ire people to 4
A/ #now how to use !arious tools.
0/ be willing to "hange with the needs of the industry.
+/ start o!er and learn new "areer s#ills.
D/ a"2uire higher edu"ations in "omputer te"hnology.
29
1se of English
2!ltiple Choice
1. 8!ge ...... of the rep!#lican heartland are to #e ignored #y the candidates of
#oth parties as they concentrate their efforts on the %ey swing states of the north
and east.
A/ be!ies
0/ swaths
+/ hordes
D/ swarms

2. 5ishing to escape from the prying eyes of the world, she ...... herself in her tiny
flat, finding the peace and solace she had #een see%ing for so long in her
secl!sion.
A/ wrought
0/ #neaded
+/ "loistered
D/ shrouded

&. The candidate has #een scr!p!lo!s in ...... the gender card thro!gho!t this
entire campaign, which ma%es these cries of misogyny not simply odio!s #!t
deceitf!l.
A/ ad!an"ing
0/ san"tioning
+/ re%u!enating
D/ es"hewing
(. 'n Beetho"ens Eifth =ymphony, m!sic #ecomes allied with the s!#lime, the
infinite and the ......, stirring $oys and sorrows in the heart so profo!nd that they
can only #e felt, not expressed.
A/ e)tortionate
0/ e)orbitant
+/ iras"ible
D/ ineffable

). ' sincerely do!#t that he and his 44 will e"er allow those two into the cl!#,
gi"en their preocc!pation with class.
A/ il#
0/ huddle
+/ breed
D/ tilt

*. 2a%e no mista%e, he is moti"ated solely #y ...... , not #y principle or morals.
A/ pruden"e
0/ e)pedien"y
+/ propriety
D/ dis"retion
30
+. This arg!ment is #ased on entirely ...... reasoning and will definitely not hold
!p !nder scr!tiny.
A/ orthodo)
0/ u)orial
+/ bona fide
D/ spe"ious

.. The rising cost of oil will lead to a sharp drop in profits for many #!sinesses,
which may pro"e fatal for many of the capitals ...... enterprises.
A/ fledgling
0/ hat"hling
+/ posturing
D/ "harading
/. ' s!ggest yo! do some more reading F the theory yo! are promoting was ......
6!ite some time ago.
A/ "anonised
0/ stormed
+/ debun#ed
D/ yielded

10. The "itriolic 44 drew gasps from e"en the most hardened mem#ers of the
a!dience, and it e"ent!ally res!lted in his exp!lsion from the party.
A/ diatribe
0/ eulogising
+/ e)altation
D/ a""lamation

11. :ne may well as% if the candidates decision to ignore pre"ailing wisdom and
name this !tterly inexperienced go"ernor as his r!nning mate is a sign that he
wants to reclaim his rep!tation as a ...... .
A/ ma!eri"#
0/ subordinant
+/ hedonist
D/ as"eti"

12. Eor me, that actors ...... is a significant #arrier to his effecti"e portrayal of a
character9 he really o!ght to consider spending some time away from the
p!#lics eye.
A/ "ollo2uium
0/ notoriety
+/ sedulity
D/ lo2ua"ity

1&. The panel informed the playwright that had it not #een for his somewhat ......
dialog!e, his play wo!ld ha"e won first pri;e as his plot and character
de"elopment was excellent.
A/ rousing
0/ anodyne
+/ #indred
31
D/ ta"it

1(. The opposition yesterday acc!sed the go"ernment of $ailing one of their
mem#ers on ...... fra!d charges in a #id to #ring down their party.
A/ put on
0/ trumped up
+/ fi)ed down
D/ set off
1). 't is a st!nning de#!t in which the a!thor has managed to capt!re the
poignancy of a life which reached the heights F and to!ched the depths F in
the ...... of for#idden lo"e.
A/ upshot
0/ !igil
+/ wrath
D/ wa#e

Clo;e Text
........&or many inherited diseases, DA testing pro!ides the 1< 33 diagnosis.
DA testing in!ol!es the dire"t e)amination of a DA mole"ule for mutations that
are 2< 33 to a disease or disorder. $ther geneti" tests for inherited diseases in"lude
bio"hemi"al tests for a spe"ifi" &< 33 of a gene Ie.g. an en,yme/, and mi"ros"opi"
e)amination of stained "hromosomes. (< 33 tests for more than 9,BBB diseases are
"urrently a!ailable and they ser!e many )< 33 . &or e)ample, they are widely used
to *< 33 newborn infants for disorders. 'hey are used in preCnatal diagnosti"
testing, and they are used to estimate the ris# of de!eloping adultConset diseases li#e
Al,heimers and Huntingtons. It is in the testing for +< 33 to inherited diseases
where mu"h of the .< 33 surrounding gene testing /< 33 . +omple) ethi"al,
so"ial, legal and e"onomi" issues surround geneti" tests for adultConset diseases C
issues that so"iety at large must urgently "ome to 10< 33 with. *art of the reason for
this is that su"h tests "an only gi!e a probability for de!eloping a parti"ular disease or
disorder. In other words, healthy or L11< 33 indi!iduals who are tested, e!en if their
DA is found to 12< 33 the diseaseCasso"iated mutation, might ne!er de!elop the
disease. 6o what are the "on"ei!able benefits of a test whi"h "an only 1&< 33 the
fa"t that an indi!idual has a signifi"ant probability of getting a disease, but that "an
not determine whether it is his or her 1(< 33 fate? 6u"h tests "an 1)< 33 profound
psy"hologi"al rea"tions in indi!iduals, in parti"ular be"ause test information is not
"urrently mat"hed by stateCofCtheCart therapies. (ithout the ability of medi"ine to 1*<
33 or "ure, #nowledge of 1+< 33 "an "ast aIn/ 1.< 33 o!er the li!es of entire
families. (hat is more, be"ause su"h gene tests hold a 1/< 33 of information that
insuran"e "ompanies and employers would be interested in, "onfidentiality is a ma%or
"on"ern. 'hese and similar 20< 33 surround gene testing.
9. A< una!oidable B< definiti!e C< ines"apable 3< obligatory
:. A< bonded B< li#ened C< lin#ed 3< lodged
;. A< produ"t B< "reation C< produ"e 3< effe"t
<. A< 6"ientifi" B< +lini"al C< Ouantifiable 3< Irrefutable
=. A< targets B< intents C< purposes 3< prin"iples
32
>. A< assail B< s"ore C< !et 3< s"reen
?. A< a""essibilities B< liabilities C< !ulnerabilities 3< immunities
@. A< "ontro!ersy B< inaptitude C< dis"repan"y 3< ineptitude
A. A< trends B< lies C< stomps 3< brea#s
9B. A< hangs B< "lut"h C< grips 3< hold
99. A< preCsymptomati" B< preCpositioned C< preCindi"ati!e 3< preCwarned
9:. A< harbour B< refuge C< ha!en 3< an"hor
9;. A< "ontro!ert B< e)hibit C< substantiate 3< san"tion
9<. A< waning B< inelu"table C< a!ertable 3<
re!erential
9=. A< "onfirm B< flag C< trigger 3< progress
9>. A< e)a"erbate B< alle!iate C< detra"t 3< dwindle
9?. A< sus"eptibility B< imper!iability C< sensiti!ity 3< liability
9@. A< e"lipse B< doppelganger C< silhouette 3< shadow
9A. A< surplus B< store C< dearth 3< wealth
:B. A< alter"ations B< dilemmas C< impasses 3< standCoffs
=entence Completion
1. :n #ehalf of the company, ' am pro!d to anno!nce that as of this time next
month we 44 in s!ccessf!l operation for a f!ll decade.
A/ will be
0/ will ha!e been
+/ would be
D/ would ha!e been

2. This is to inform yo! that, as Dohn #eha"ed atrocio!sly thro!gho!t the lesson
today, he 44 #ehind after class tomorrow.
A/ was made to stay
0/ would be made to stay
+/ will be made to stay
D/ was being made to stay

&. 'n case of fire or other emergency, all passengers 44 in the areas designated
to them at the #eginning of the cr!ise.
A/ would assemble
0/ are assembling
+/ will be assembling
D/ are to assemble

(. ' o"erslept and was late for wor% again so ' thin% its high time 44 that cloc%
of mine fixed9 it hasnt wor%ed for o"er a wee% now.
A/ I ha!e
0/ I will ha!e
+/ Id better ha!e
D/ I had

). Eor the foreseea#le f!t!re, =ally wo!ld prefer to contin!e p!rs!ing her st!dies
44 for employment.
33
A/ rather than start loo#ing
0/ rather than start ha!ing loo#ed
+/ to start to loo#
D/ than to start to loo#

*. The r!ling party was adamantly opposed 44 legislat!re that wo!ld !pset
the stat!s 6!o of the co!ntry.
A/ to pass
0/ by our passing
+/ to passing
D/ of passing

+. 2y colleag!e, Dames, got an !nexpected raise yesterday and coincidentally 44 .
A/ so did I
0/ so ha!e I
+/ nor ha!e I
D/ neither did I

.. :nly after all the "otes had #een co!nted 44 the "ol!nteers to lea"e the
polling station.
A/ had they allowed
0/ were they allowing
+/ did they allow
D/ will they be allowing

/. 44 that the actions that he was a#o!t to ta%e wo!ld place the "ice
presidents life in gra"e danger.
A/ Little #nowing
0/ Nnowing little
+/ Little did he #now
D/ Little had he #nown

10. ' wo!ld ne"er ha"e realised how m!ch yo! can miss delicio!s homeFcoo%ed
food 44 away for so long.
A/ ha!ing not been
0/ had I not been
+/ were I not to be
D/ was it not to ha!e been

11. 'f only we had approached the pro#lem with a little more circ!mspection, '
am firmly con"inced we ...... the diffic!lties that are c!rrently delaying progress.
A/ will not fa"e
0/ would ha!e fa"ed
+/ would not be fa"ing
D/ are not to fa"e

12. 't pains me to say this, #!t 44 him, ' ha"e to admit that 5inston came !p
with some #rilliant proposals at the meeting.
A/ mu"h as I disli#e
0/ no matter that I li#e
34
+/ notwithstanding my disli#e
D/ for all that you li#e
1&. Always ha"ing completed the tas%s she had #een allocated to my complete
satisfaction, ' was astonished when 2ary s!ddenly anno!nced that ...... to lea"e
the company.
A/ she will ha!e intended
0/ she would intend
+/ she has the intention
D/ she was intending
1(. To my !tter h!miliation ' fo!nd that, 44. to programme the 3B3 recorder
myself, ' was forced to as% my yo!ng son to show me how to do it.
A/ not #nowing the s#ills re2uired
0/ being unable to wor# out how
+/ being able to show me how
D/ ha!ing be"ome s#illed enough

1). 3espite her promises, she neither phoned me, 44, d!ring the entire three
months she spent tra"elling across A!stralia.
A/ not that she dropped me a line
0/ nor did she drop me a line
+/ and she also didnt drop me a line
D/ as well as not dropping me a line

1. $he waited until her brother had left for school before starting wor0 on her 8nglish
assignment as she wanted to be able to wor0 without interruption.
ot wishing 33333333333333333333333333333.
33333333333333333333333.. on her English assignment.
2. I agree that *avids irritability must seem ine%cusable to you' but you have to bear
in mind the fact that he slept for only an hour last night.
Da!id is irritable, I agree, but you must remember that 333333333333..
3333333333333333333333333333 sleep last night.
3. I understand that 7eter doesnt hold out much hope' but I thin0 that it is very li0ely
that he will win the championship.
In my opinion, there is e!ery 3333333333333333333333...
3333333333333333333333333333333333..
. Theres no way that I will allow the children to camp out in such inclement weather.
Its out 3333333333333333333333333333333.
3333333333333333333333333333... as bad as this.
#. The reason productivity is so low is that the wor0force does not receive satisfactory
remuneration.
35
'he people who wor# for the "ompany are 33333333333333333.
333333333333333333333333..... produ"ti!ity is so low.
). 7eter and *avid are very close friends' but they avoid discussing politics as they
never see eye to eye on the subject.
3'=AJREE
Although *eter and Da!id are !ery "lose friends, they do not 333333333.
3333333333333333333333333333.. on the sub%e"t.
+. .ave you considered the possibility that she behaved so arrogantly yesterday
because of her insecurity9
2A7
Ha!e you gi!en any thought to the possibility that her arrogant beha!iour yesterday
3333333333333333333333333333 inse"ure?
,. 6s far as he could remember' $imon had never met the woman.
REC:CCECT':,
6imon 3333333333333333333333333333333..
33333333333333333333333333333.. the woman.
-. They remain close friends' despite having had their ups and downs over the years.
EACCE,
'hey 33333333333333333333333333333333.
3333333333333333333333333333. o!er the years.
1/. .is protestations that he did not 0now anything about the loss did not fool me for
a moment.
TALE,
ot 3333333333333333333333333333333.......
33333333 anything about the loss.
5riting
.........................A large "ompany is planning to build a shopping "entre in your
neighbourhood. Dou are worried about the effe"t that this might ha!e on the
surrounding natural en!ironment. (rite a letter to the "ompany e)pressing your
"on"ern and suggesting ways that the shopping "entre "ould be built without
endangering the en!ironment.
(rite your letter in appro)imately :=BC;BB words.
36
Test )
Read the text and circle the letter of the correct answer A, B or C.
Chill itK preser"e it.
..........&ood preser!ation te"hnology is probably one of the oldest te"hnologies
pra"tised by humans. All food by its !ery nature begins to spoil the moment it is
har!ested or slaughtered. 'hus, be"ause of the importan"e of se"uring an ade2uate
food supply during times of s"ar"ity, dis"o!ering ways to slow the spoilage pro"ess
will, by ne"essity, ha!e engaged mans attention from the !ery beginning.
'he earliest methods for slowing the rates at whi"h foods perished would ha!e
been dis"o!ered by "han"e. 'hey wor#ed, but no one would ha!e #nown why. 'he
refrigerator, for e)ample, may well be a re"ent in!ention, but humans ha!e #nown
about the preser!ing effe"ts of "old temperatures for millennia. 'he an"ient Egyptians
e!en had an ingenious method for produ"ing i"e to "ool food. 'hey pla"ed wide,
shallow bowls filled with water outside during the night. 'he rapid !aporisation of
any li2uid re2uires a lot of heat C heat whi"h is ta#en from the immediate
en!ironment. 'hus, as the water began to 2ui"#ly e!aporate in the bowls, the heat
whi"h was e)tra"ted from the remaining water led to its 2ui"#ly "ooling, whi"h
resulted in i"e formation.
...(ith the in!ention of the mi"ros"ope and, later, Louis *asteurs dis"o!ery of
the relationship between mi"roCorganisms and food spoilage and illness, the reason
for the effe"ti!eness of "old storage be"ame "lear. &ood spoilage by and large results
from the proliferation of ba"teria, yeasts and mould, and su"h mi"roCorganisms, while
not #illed by "old temperatures, "an only reprodu"e !ery slowly in them.
6toring food in lowCtemperature en!ironments is the perfe"t way to preser!e it
be"ause "old temperatures affe"t neither a foods nutritional !alue nor its fla!our.
onetheless, be"ause low temperatures merely "urb mi"robial growth, all food will
e!entually rot in a refrigerator gi!en enough time. In order to prolong the storage life
of refrigerated food, there are se!eral things you "an do. $ne tip is to ensure that the
temperature inside your fridge remains stri"tly in the B + C < + range. 'his "an be
partly a"hie!ed by not o!erloading your fridge, as an e)"ess of items pre!ents the
"ool air inside from "ir"ulating freely. 'his leads to the formation of warm air po"#ets
whi"h in turn en"ourages mi"robial growth.
....-i"robial growth in a refrigerator is not simply an issue of 2uality Ii.e. food
spoilage/, howe!er. It is also an issue of safety Ii.e. food poisoning/. 'here are !isual
and olfa"tory "lues when food spoilage mi"robes ha!e proliferated on food. 'he only
downside to su"h growth is that food has to be thrown away. +onsuming food "o!ered
in food spoilage mi"robes is unli#ely to result in anything more serious than a gagging
refle) when swallowing is attempted. 'he growth of pathogeni" mi"robes on food is a
different story altogether. 6u"h mi"robes usually do not betray their presen"e. A
foods shift in taste, smell and appearan"e is nominal. It is the growth of su"h
mi"robes that one must be aware of.
...................Lu"#ily, %ust as low temperatures inhibit mi"robial growth, so high
temperatures #ill mi"robes. Animal produ"ts are usually the prime sour"es of food
poisoning outbrea#s, so by simply ensuring meat and eggs are "oo#ed thoroughly
before "onsumption, one "an a!ert most in"idents.
37
1. 'n the past, ens!ring an ade6!ate food s!pply all year ro!nd was diffic!lt.
A/ 'rue
0/ &alse
+/ ot stated in te)t
2. Ancient ci"ilisations in colder latit!des ga"e less tho!ght to food preser"ation.
A/ 'rue
0/ &alse
&. The ancient Egyptian method for ma%ing ice wo!ld not wor% in cold climates.
A/ 'rue
0/ &alse
(. A prototype of the modern refrigerator can #e traced #ac% to the ancient
Egyptians.
A/ 'rue
0/ &alse
). Co!is -aste!r demonstrated that micro#es spoil food.
A/ 'rue
0/ &alse
*. 2icro#ial action is the sole trigger of food deterioration.
A/ 'rue
0/ &alse
+. Eoods maintain their n!tritional "al!e #etter in a fridge than at room
temperat!re.
A/ 'rue
0/ &alse
.. Too m!ch food in a fridge leads to temperat!re "ariations inside it.
A/ 'rue
0/ &alse
/. I=poilage micro#es seldom ca!se illness.
A/ 'rue
0/ &alse
10. Bis!al scr!tinisation of food is the most effecti"e way of pre"enting food
poisoning.
A/ 'rue
38
0/ &alse
11. 2ore often than not, #enign micro#es are more pre"alent in fridges than
pathogenic micro#es.
A/ 'rue
0/ &alse
12. There are fewer micro#es in a free;er than a fridge.
A/ 'rue
0/ &alse
1se of English
2!ltiple Choice
1. The committee is designed to offer 44 within which those who are
responsi#le for the s!ccessf!l resol!tion of the incident are a#le to wor% together.
A/ a "onstru"tion
0/ an edifi"e
+/ a framewor#
D/ a s"affold

2. The pro#lems were 44 d!e to the fact that #om#s were set off in se"eral
locations sim!ltaneo!sly and media reports were heightening p!#lic panic.
A/ aggra!ated
0/ e)a"erbated
+/ "ulti!ated
D/ e)"a!ated
&. 2ay ' #egin #y saying that, worldwide, ethical in"estments do indeed span the
whole 44 of in"estment options.
A/ gamut
0/ series
+/ breadth
D/ s"ale

(. 2y o"erseas experience exposed me to a whole range of iss!es that wo!ldnt
normally come within my 44 .
A/ orbit
0/ loop
+/ "ompass
D/ path

). 3espite ser"ing two 44 terms in office already, he is see%ing reFelection for a
third.
A/ ad%oining
39
0/ bordering
+/ pro)imate
D/ "ontiguous
*. 't is only the female mos6!ito that acts as a 44 for the disease #y
transmitting the malaria parasite to h!mans.
A/ "ourier
0/ messenger
+/ en!oy
D/ !e"tor

+. The ingMn!e is #eing 44 #y critics as the next #ig thing.
A/ "ourted
0/ presaged
+/ foreshadowed
D/ heralded

.. 8is acco!nt, while s%etchy, was detailed eno!gh to allow in"estigators to 44
in on the offender.
A/ fo"us
0/ gather
+/ home
D/ narrow

/. 5e will contin!e to 44 the go"ernment !ntil they retract their
co!nterprod!cti"e #ailFo!t plan.
A/ sway
0/ affe"t
+/ lobby
D/ study

10. The research res!lts m!st #e 44 as 6!ic%ly as possi#le so that people can
#egin implementing s!ita#le changes to their eating ha#its if they so desire.
A/ propagated
0/ dispersed
+/ disseminated
D/ proliferated

11. Before the 44 of winter, many animals will ha"e gathered eno!gh food to
last thro!gh the season.
A/ in"eption
0/ onset
+/ inauguration
D/ emergen"e

12. 3espite gi"ing impressions to the contrary, not all cele#rities are happy to #e
constantly in the 44 of p!#licity.
A/ glow
0/ stare
+/ glare
40
D/ ga,e
1&. 8e wasnt s!re if he co!ld 44 himself from the sit!ation witho!t ma%ing it
worse.
A/ release
0/ dis"onne"t
+/ e)tri"ate
D/ wriggle

1(. 3espite se"eral clinical trials, doctors are still !ncertain a#o!t the 44
effects of the new medication.
A/ opposing
0/ re!ersible
+/ ad!erse
D/ "ontrary

1). Tracy has a ha#it of 44 the tr!th when reco!nting tales of her yo!th.
A/ de"orating
0/ adorning
+/ beautifying
D/ embellishing

5ord Eormation
Complete the following sentences with the correct form of the words in #old.
1. 'he boo# had su"h a .................................. plot that I lost tra"# of who all the
"hara"ters were. T:RT1RE
2. 'he ma"hinery in the fa"tory was !ery .................................. and needed to be
repla"ed. A,T'N1E
&. 'hey "ame to realise that their differen"es were .................................. and de"ided
to separate. REC:,C'CE
(. &earing the negati!e effe"t it would ha!e on the lo"al e"onomy, there was a publi"
out"ry when the "ompany announ"ed the .................................. of "ar produ"tion in
the town. C:,T',1E
). Despite ha!ing some serious .................................. about the pro%e"t, the dire"tor
finally de"ided that it should go ahead. J'BE
*. It is .................................. true that the "urrent re"ession is li#ely to affe"t
unemployment rates. 3:1BT
+. 'he minister is in fa!our of a .................................. of the "urrent law. 6I-*LE
.. 6he told him that she found his !iews 2uite .................................. and stormed out
of the room. :BDECT
/. 6in"e the re"ent bill was de"lared .................................., it was re!o#ed.
C:,=T'T1TE
10. 'he do"tor assured the patient that no .................................. had been dete"ted in
the blood test. ,:R2AC
41
=entence Completion
1. The !ni"ersal remote controls now a"aila#le are an impro"ement insofar as,
!nli%e earlier models, 44 easier to access m!ltiple de"ices sim!ltaneo!sly.
A/ ma#e it
0/ they ma#e them
+/ they are ma#ing it
D/ they ma#e it
2. Regretta#ly, the police 44 to gi"e f!rther information concerning the
incident at the c!rrent time #eca!se of ongoing en6!iries.
A/ are unable
0/ were unable
+/ would ha!e been unable
D/ had been unable
&. 't is not really so s!rprising that she loo%ed so tired when yo! saw her as she
44 for o"er fo!rteen ho!rs nonFstop e"ery day for the past wee%.
A/ is wor#ing
0/ has been wor#ing
+/ was wor#ing
D/ had wor#ed

(. Altho!gh plans are still at an early stage, the company is thin%ing 44 with
another company in the same field.
A/ about being merged
0/ of merging
+/ to be merging
D/ on merging

). The go"ernment has decided to re"iew its proposed legislation 44 press!re
from the p!#lic.
A/ in the fa"e of
0/ in "onsideration of
+/ as a result of
D/ in the !iew of

*. 't was only after getting on the train that he 44 he had left the doc!ment at
home.
A/ would realise
0/ has realised
+/ did realise
D/ is to realise

+. 'n f!t!re, let it #e %nown that poachers and trespassers on pri"ate property
44 prosec!ted to the f!ll extent of the law.
A/ are being
0/ ha!e been
+/ are to be
42
D/ will ha!e been

.. 5ith hindsight, ' ha"e no hesitation in saying that it was of the !tmost
importance that these meas!res 44 to control ris% and ens!re safety.
A/ are ta#en
0/ be ta#en
+/ to be ta#en
D/ to ha!e been ta#en
/. 3!ring the nineteenth cent!ry, 44 .
A/ rarely wor#ing professionals were women
0/ rarely were women wor#ing professionals
+/ women were wor#ing professionals rarely
D/ rarely women were wor#ing professionals

10. 8e decided it wasnt worth gi"ing the decision 44 a second tho!ght.
A/ as mu"h as
0/ so many as
+/ as far as
D/ so long as

11. ' s!ppose ' 44 it a lot earlier as it concerns yo! as well, #!t as of this
Eriday, ' will #e handing in my resignation.
A/ "ant mention
0/ ought to ha!e mentioned
+/ must mention
D/ should be mentioning

12. 5e can ass!re yo! that the water system in the metropolitan area is in perfect
condition, so nothing is li%ely 44 the tap water.
A/ ha!ing "ontaminated
0/ not to "ontaminate
+/ to ha!e "ontaminated
D/ that it wont "ontaminate

1&. According to the latest fig!res, 44 is $!st one of a growing n!m#er of
species threatened with extinction.
A/ the elephant
0/ elephant
+/ an elephant
D/ all the elephant

1(. The co!ntrys rapid economic growth 44 an increasingly !ne"en
distri#!tion of wealth which led to ci"il !nrest.
A/ resulting in
0/ as a result
+/ with the result
D/ resulted in

43
1). 5ere ' to #e as%ed 44 another name for the prod!ct, 'd go with something
catchy.
A/ to "ome up with
0/ to "ome in for
+/ to "ome out from
D/ to "ome down on

1. 8mployees failing to conform to company regulations will have their contracts
terminated with immediate effect.
J'BE,
Employees who brea# "ompany rules ........................................................................ on
the spot.
2. If you were to as0 me' Id say that computers are more trouble than theyre worth.
8',3RA,CE
In my opinion, .............................................................................................................
help.
3. 6s a result of a bad diagnosis' an ophthalmic surgeon was re:uired to carry out a
second operation on his eye.
-ERE:R2
He had ..........................................................................................................................
on his eye be"ause the original diagnosis was in"orre"t.
. .is latest theory is a complete refutation of all his earlier wor0.
EC'E=
His latest theory ............................................................................................... all his
pre!ious arguments.
#. There can be no doubt that you will be compensated for the damage that he is
responsible for.
B:1,3
He ............................................................................................ to you for the damage
he has done.
). .er appointment is surprising because it was a foregone conclusion that Mar0
would get the job.
'o us, it went ...............................................................................................................,
so we were surprised when it was gi!en to someone else
+. There is little incentive for me to remain with this company apart from the pay.
If it ..................................................................................................................................
"ompany.
44
,. ;iven our circumstances at the time' rejection of their offer would have been
unwise.
ot ................................................................................................................................
e)tremely imprudent in the situation we found oursel!es in.
-. .is phone call to the director this morning was totally une%pected.
He ..................................................................................................................................
blue this morning.
1/. It is impossible for me to ta0e on any e%tra wor0 because Im so busy at the
moment.
I "urrently .................................................................................. plate that a""epting
any e)tra wor# is out of the 2uestion.
5riting
..........Dou ha!e been as#ed to write an arti"le for your s"hool maga,ine on the
following topi"F The pros and cons of studying abroad.
(rite your arti"le in appro)imately :=BC;BB words.
45
Ley
Test 1
9. 0, :. A, ;. +, <. A, =. A, >. 0, ?. 0, @. +, A. +, 9B. A
2!ltiple Choice
9. 0, :. 0, ;. A, <. +, =. A, >. A, ?. A, @. D, A. D, 9B. +, 99. 0, 9:. 0, 9;. 0, 9<. D,
9=. 0
Clo;e
9. +, :. A, ;. D, <. 0, =. A, >. +, ?. D, @. A, A. 0, 9B. +, 99. 0, 9:.A
=entence Completion
9. +, :. 0, ;. A, <. A, =. 0, >. D, ?. D, @. D, A. +, 9B. 0, 99. A, 9:. 0, 9;. 0, 9<. A, 9=. A
9. 33 are not a!erse to the use 33, :. 33 had words with my husband
33, ;. 33 is Ialways/ the life and soul 33, <. 33 pride and %oy 33, =.
33 for all her la"# of 33, >. 33 Da!ids enthusiasm for the proposal that
he a""epted at 33, ?. 33 had it stopped rainingPhad the rain stopped when
the sun "ame out, @. 33 for aPthe re"ommendation from Lauren"e,P...... for
Lauren"es re"ommendation, I wouldnt ha!e been gi!en promotion, A. 33
prolonged absen"e that 33 him reali,e how mu"h he "ared for 33, 9B.
33 pre!ent his wife Ifrom/ re"ogni,ing
Test 2
9. +, :. A, ;. +, <. A, =. D, >. 0, ?. 0, @. D, A. A, 9B. D
1se of English
2!ltiple Choice
9. A, :. D, ;. 0, <. D, =. 0, >. A, ?. D, @. D, A. A, 9B. 0, 99. 0, 9:. 0, 9;. A, 9<. 0, 9=. A
Clo;e
9. A, :. D, ;. +, <. A, =. 0, >. +, ?. A, @. D, A. 0, 9B. 0, 99. +, 9:. +, 9;. 0, 9<
0, 9=. A
=entence Completion
9. A, :. D, ;. 0, <. +, =. +, >. D, ?. A, @. +, A. +, 9B. D, 99. A, 9:. A, 9;. 0, 9<. D, 9=. A
9. 33 had he "ome home than he re"ei!ed an urgent "all from his parents, :.
33 is #nown to ha!e es"aped despite being hea!ily sha"#led, ;. 33 the
e)"eption of Li,, no one in the !illage protested against the new regulations, <.
33 "onspirators were being disarmed, one of them bro#e ran#s and
"onfessed, =. 33 after twenty minutes did I realise who I had been tal#ing to,
>. fell for, ?. 33 had not brought up Ithe sub%e"tP2uestion of/ finan"ial issues
at the meeting we would be in, @. 33 on a""ount of, A. 33 ha!e our
immersion heater seen to, 9B. 33 was dwarfed by the bas#etball players
Test &
9. D, :. D, ;. 0, <. 0, =. +, >. +, ?. A, @. D, A. A, 9B. A
1se of English
2!ltiple Choice
9. +, :. D, ;. 0, <. +, =. 0, >. +, ?. +, @. 0, A. A, 9B. A, 99. 0, 9:. A, 9;. +, 9<. 0, 9=. 0
:pen Clo;e
9. "lo"#, :. brea#sPterminates, ;. went, <. handling, =. lost, >. "onsider, ?.
permanently, @. neitherPnor, A. "ome, 9B. turn
=entence Completion
9. 0, :. A, ;. A, <. D, =. D, >. +, ?. +, @. 0, A. A, 9B. D, 99. A, 9:. A, 9;. 0, 9<. +, 9=.
D
9. 3 less than a full refund will satisfy 3, :. 3 the se"retary too# it for
granted 3, ;. 3 are under no obligation to ta#e 3, <. 3 if you put your mind
to 3, =. 3 in whi"h his personal life was s"rutinised 3, >. 3 ratherPsooner
tea"h than 3, ?. ... you feel Ithat/ you need more information ..., @. ...
thoughPas he spo#e ..., A. ... hesitation in re"ommending ..., 9B. 3 sooner had
he left the offi"e at the end ofPafter an e)hausting day than ...
Test (
9. +, :. +, ;. A, <. D, =. A, >. D, ?. 0, @. D, A. A, 9B. 0
1se of English
2!ltiple Choice
9. 0, :. +, ;. D, <. D, =. A, >.0, ?. D, @. A, A. +, 9B. A, 99. A, 9:. 0, 9;. 0, 9<. 0,
9=. D
Clo;e Text
9.0, :.+, ;A, <.0, =.+, >.D, ?.+, @.A, A.0, 9B.+, 99.A, 9:.A, 9;.+, 9<.0, 9=.+,
9>.0, 9?.A, 9@. D, 9A. D, :B. 0
=entence Completion
0, :. +, ;. D, <. D, =. A, >. +, ?. A, @. +, A. +, 9B. 0, 99. +, 9:. A, 9;. D, 9<. 0, 9=.
0
9. ... to be interrupted, she waited until her brother had left for s"hool before
starting wor# ..., :. ... he only had an hours ..., ;. ... "han"e that *eter will win
the "hampionship, <. 3 of the 2uestion for the "hildren to "amp out in weather
..., =. ... badly paid and that isPwhi"h is why ..., >. ... dis"uss politi"s be"ausePas
they always disagree ..., ?. ... may ha!e been be"ause she feels ..., @. 3 had no
re"olle"tion of e!er ha!ing met 3, A. 3 ha!e notPne!er fallen out, despite
ha!ing had their argumentsPups and downs ..., 9B. 3 for a moment was I ta#en
in by his protestations that he did not #now ...
Test )
9. +, :. +, ;. A, <. +, =. A, >. 0, ?. A, @. A, A. A, 9B. 0, 99. +, 9:. A
1se of English
2!ltiple Choice
9. +, :. 0, ;. A, <. A, =. D, >. D, ?. D, @. +, A. +, 9B. +, 99. 0, 9:. +, 9;. +, 9<.
+, 9=. D
5ord Eormation
9. tortuous, :. anti2uated, ;. irre"on"ilable, <. dis"ontinuation, =. misgi!ings,
>. undoubtedly, ?. simplifi"ation, @. ob%e"tionable, A. un"onstitutional, 9B.
abnormality
=entence Completion
9. D, :. A, ;. 0, <. 0, =. +, >. A, ?. +, @. 0, A. 0, 9B. A, 99. 0, 9:. +, 9;. A, 9<. D,
9=. A
9. ...will be gi!en the sa"# 3, :. ... "omputers are more of a hindran"e than
a ..., ;. ... to ha!e an ophthalmi" surgeon perform a se"ond operation ..., <. ...
flies in the fa"e of ..., =. ... is bound to pay "ompensation ..., >. ... without
saying that -ar# would get the %ob ..., ?. ... werent for the pay, I would
lea!e this ..., @. ... to ha!e a""epted their offer would ha!e been ..., A. ... phoned
the dire"tor "ompletely out of the ..., 9B. ... ha!e so mu"h on my ...

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