Advanced English Final Exam Study Guide

The final exam will be divided into two parts:

Tuesday, June 3: Grammar and Vocabulary, covering chapters 6-11
Wednesday, June 4: Reading, Listening, and Writing, covering the writing
skills that we focused on throughout the semester

Here is what you should consider:

For the Reading, Listening, and Writing exam, I will show you a short video
clip (two times) and you will read a newspaper article. You will use the
information from both sources to create an informational webpage about
the organization featured in the video and newspaper article. In
preparing for the Grammar and Vocabulary exam, you will prepare
yourself for the technical writing aspects of the Reading, Listening, and
Writing exam. Additionally, I would recommend reviewing pages 63, 83,
100, and 103, where you will find specific suggestions for successful writing.

For the Grammar and Vocabulary exam, here are the key topics and
some important sample exercises:

Words with en. What word with en describes each of the
following:
o Improve the quality = enhance
o Make longer = lengthen
o Make shorter = shorten
o Make the color of something less dark = lighten
o Make the color of something less bright = darken
o Make black, cross out = blackened
o Make stronger = strengthen
o Make wider = widen
o Make softer = soften
o Make larger = enlarge
o Make more happy, more full of life and joy = enliven
o Make less strong = weaken
o Make deeper = deepen
o Make harder = harden
o Put in danger = endanger
o Put inside (usually inside an envelope or package) = enclose
o Make more tough = toughen
o Make thicker = thicken
o Make straighter = straighten
o Make more intelligent = enlighten
Fakes and Forgery. What is the verb, noun, and adjective form of
each word below? What is its meaning/how it is used?
Verb Noun Adjective
Forge Forgery Forged
Con Con
Scam Scam Scammed
Counterfeit Counterfeiter Counterfeit
Fake Fake Fake
Cheat Cheater Cheated
Defraud Fraud Fraudulent
Lie Liar
Keyword aim. Which phrase with aim should be used in each of
the following:
o The film ________is aimed at_________________ teenagers.
o The film company ______is aiming to______________ make $10
billion.
o The producer _____________aims for______ an Oscar.
Vocabulary: consist of, comprise, involve, include, contain.
o What phrases mean that this is a part? The whole? Inside?
o Choose the correct verb:
The students ___are involved______ in the production of
the play.
The play _____consists of/is comprised of_____ three
acts.
The box _______contains_____________ everything youll
need.
Exchange students ____comprise the_______ 1% of the
student body.
The trip ________includes___________ a tour of the island,
lodging, and three meals.
The population _________consists of/is comprised of___
three main ethnicities.
Referencing. Check the PowerPoint presentation Referencing.
Vocabulary: verbs with two meanings. These words have both
literal and metaphorical meanings. What are they? How can you
use them?
o Unravel: undo ( twisted , knitted or woven threads) OR solve ,
investigate
o Spring up: start to grow OR arise suddenly
o Seed: a flowering plant
o Tap into: To establish a connection with; have access to; 2 to
take advantage of
o Launch: 1To throw or propel with force; 2 to introduce to a
public or market
o Embrace: as HUGG, or ADDAPT
o Stellar: stellar growth rates
Marketing vocabulary. What word do we use to describe each of
the following?
o A short catchphrase attached to a company = slogan
o The set of advertisements that are used to promote a product
= marketing campaign
o The tools that a marketer uses to sell a product to a distributor
= sales pitch
o The proportion of the market for the product that you sell that
is controlled by your company = market share
o Other companies that produce the same product or service
= competitors
o The people that you hope will receive your marketing
message = target audience
Effect/Affect
o Which is a noun? A verb?
o Fill in the blanks: We felt the effects _of__ the coffee _in__ our
concentration.
o What phrase with effect means the following:
Problems keep mounting one on top of another =
snowball effect
Sunlight is trapped, causing the temperature to rise =
greenhouse effect
A chain reaction is caused = domino effect
An effect is perceived as the result of a pretend
treatment = placebo effect
A small change has massive effects = butterfly effect
One change effects many things; the effect spreads
outwards in many directions = ripple effect
Like karma, something that happens comes back to
what caused it to happen = boomerang effect
Measuring Differences.
o What does each expression mean? What could you replace
the underlined phrases with?
A fraction of the cost = price
Twice as much coffee as tea
Three times as many dogs as cats
Three times more dogs than cats
o Remember, use asas when you want to compare two
values that would be equivalent, and more/lessthan
when they are different.
There are twice as many girls as boys. (20 girls, 10 boys)
There two times more girls than boys. (30 girls, 10 boys)
o Compare the following in as many ways as possible.
Fish costs $1 per pound; chicken costs $15 per pound.
Our old teacher was 60. Our new teacher is 30.
Carrots used to be 10 pesos per kilo, but now theyre 21
pesos per kilo.
Expressions with ever:
o Whatever describes things
o Whoever describes people
o Wherever describes a place
o Whenever describes a time
o However describes a manner
Vocabulary about representing
o Which word means the following? Use it in a sentence to
describe a person on thing that completes that action.
Give a perfect example of = epitomize Sheldon
Cooper epitomizes what it means to be a nerd.
Serve as a symbol of = symbolizes or stands for
Communicate = convey the idea of happiness
Express the essential features of = embody
Depict in a work of art or literature = portray
Its no What expression with its no could fit in each blank?
Multiple answers are possible.
o Its no _____use______ trying to reason with her her mind is
made up.
o Its no _____surprise________ that Mark and Michelle are in
love look at how they look at each other.
o Its no ______coincidence______ that you came over the day
that I made cookies. I think that you smelled them baking
and decided to come over.
o Its no _____problem______ for me to give you a ride. Hop on
in!
Uses of suppose.
o Remember these uses of suppose:
Supposedly = I heard a rumor / I think it might be true
I dont suppose you couldcould you? = ask a
question politely
Suppose = to make an educated guess
Be supposed = to be a commonly accepted fact
Be supposed to = should
o Rewrite each sentence using suppose.
I should have washed the dishes before my mother
came home. I suppose that I should have .
We thought that you were home since the lights were
on. We supposed that you were home since
Will you give me a lift? I dont suppose that you could
give me a lift, could you?
I heard that Miss Julia is only 17 years old! Supposedly
miss Julia is only 17 years old
They say that exercise is good for your health.
Together. What expression with together can be used in each
sentence?
o Were having a _______get together______ at Bridgets on
Saturday. Youre invited.
o I wish we could ____get together_______ more often I miss
you guys when youre not around.
o Do my pants and my shirt _____go together_____?
o Id love to go, but Ive got to ___put together________ a
presentation for Monday.
Inversion with Adverbial Phrases.
o Remember that we can use an adverbial phrase like not
only, only recently, in no way, at no point, very
rarely, etc. followed by an inversion to add emphasis. The
inversion will appear like the question form of the sentence:
You didnt come to class and you didnt do your
homework. Not only did you not come to class, but
you didnt do your homework.
o Rewrite the sentences using inversion:
I have never stayed out all night. Not once have I
stayed out all night
We hardly ever study. Very rarely do we ever study
Ive never lied. At no time/point have I ever lied
We just got the news. Only recently/now did we get
the news
We can only begin to rebuild the city now. Only now
can we begin to rebuilt the city.
Similarities and Differences
o Remember the following patterns:
(Just) like + noun
Unlike + noun
Just as with + noun
Whereas + sentence
Rather than + verb-ing
The equivalent of + noun
Equivalent to + noun
Tantamount to
Identical to
o Complete the sentences with one of the expressions above:
No ones fingerprint is ______identical to______ yours.
$1 is _______the equivalent_____ of $13 pesos.
$1 is _____equivalent to_______ $13 pesos.
____Just like/like______ carrots, potatoes need a lot of
space to grow underground.
____Whereas________ lettuce can be planted in shallow
soil, spinach needs deep soil.
She was tall and thin, just _____like_______ her mother.
With his small frame, he looked so _______unlike_____ his
father, who was the tallest in the family.
o Rewrite the sentence, using the expression in brackets:
Unlike my mother, who stays at home, my father works
12 hours per day. (Whereas my mother who stays at
home, my father works)
Like dogs, cats have a playful side as well. (Just as)
We were exactly the same. (We are identical to each
other)
The panels are like the leaves of a tree. (the panels are
Equivalent to the leaves of a tree)
He could take the highway, but instead, he takes the
back roads. (Rather than taking the highway, he takes
the back roads.)
Cleft sentences: Review the powerpoint! Try to rewrite these
sentences as cleft constructions:
o She wants a new puppy. What she wants is a new puppy.
o Im hoping to get a new job. what im hoping to get is a new
job
o My science teacher made the biggest impression on me as a
child. It was my science teacher who made a big impression
on me as a child.
o We really cherish the time we have together. What we really
cherish is the time we have together.
Adverb/adjective collocations: What adjective goes with each of
the following to mean very?
o _____bitterly______ cold
o _________stiflingly______ hot
o ____wildly_______ successful
o _______blissfully_____ happy
o ___hideously_____ ugly
o ____notoriously________ dangerous
o _____highly_______ intelligent
o
Active/Passive: Remember the difference between active and
passive?
o Active: The subject performs the action.
o Passive: The subject is the one affected by the action.
o The form of the passive is TO BE + past participle; TO BE will
be in the same tense as would be required for the active
voice in the same situation.
o Try to fill in the blanks in the paragraph below with the correct
form of the verb in brackets:
The students, (1) ________standing_______ (stand) in line to receive their
diplomas, appeared very nervous. (2) ____dressed___________ (dress) in
their graduation gowns, they looked ever so elegant. Ten of the students
(3) ______will be recognized _ (recognized) tonight for their stellar
academic performance. The crowd began (4) ________cheer_______
(cheer) for the students. What will happen to these students after
graduation? Some could (4) ___________become____ (become) rich or
famous. Others may (5) __be overcomed________ (overcome) by their
student debts and never be able to move forward in life. Students (6)
___will graduate_______ (graduate) with a 9 or higher (7) _____are
guaranteed______ (guarantee) a job at the university.