, 2014

kvleva momzadda tolerantobis da mravalferovnebis institutis (TDI)

mier aRmosavleT-dasavleTis marTvis institutis (EWMI) programis
saqarTveloSi sajaro politikis, advokatirebisa da samoqalaqo
sazogadoebis ganviTareba (G-PAC) farglebSi.
kvlevis Catareba SesaZlebeli gaxda amerikeli xalxis gulisxmieri
mxardaWeris Sedegad, amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis saerTaSoriso
ganviTarebis saagentos (USAID) dafinansebiT.
kvlevis Sinaarsze mTlianad pasuxismgebelia tolerantobis da
mravalferovnebis instituti (TDI). is SesaZloa ar gamoxatavdes USAID-
is, amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis mTavrobis an EWMI-is Sexedulebebs.
mkvlevarTa jgufi: samarTlebrivi analizi
ekaterine lomTaTiZe
mediis monitoringi maia wiklauri
eqsperti: beqa mindiaSvili
proeqtis xelmZRvaneli: ekaterine WiTanava
redaqtori: lia SarvaSiZe
Targmani: ekaterine lomTaTiZe
sofio tyemalaZe
dizaini: natalia Rlonti
yda: paul klee,
cecxli savse mTvaris dros, 1933
tolerantobis da mravalferovnebis instituti (TDI)
tiraJi: 400
beWdva: Sps universali
ISBN: 978-9941-0-6951-2
akrZalulia aq moyvanili masalebis gadabeWdva, gamravleba an
gavrceleba komerciuli mizniT, tolerantobis da mravalferovnebis
institutis (TDI) werilobiTi nebarTvis gareSe.

sekularobisa da diskriminaciis Sesaxeb ........................................... 5
kvlevis mizani ................................................................................................... 6
kvlevis meTodologia .................................................................................. 7

1. sekularizmi da rwmenisa da aRmsareblobis
Tavisufleba saqarTveloSi ...................................................................... 11
1.1. konstituciuri debulebebi da marTlmadidebeli
eklesiis dominanturi mdgomareoba ..................................................... 12
1.2. religiis sakiTxTa saxelmwifo saagento ................................. 14
2. preferenciuli mopyroba saqarTvelos avtokefaluri
samociqulo marTlmadidebeli eklesiis mimarT .......................... 18
2.1. konstituciuri SeTanxmebis analizi da instituciuri
uzrunvelyofa .................................................................................................. 19
2.2. samxedro valdebuleba ....................................................................... 24
2.3. sagadasaxado SeRavaTebi .................................................................... 25
2.4. sabWoTa kavSiris dros miyenebuli zianis
anazRaureba da sakulto nagebobebis dabruneba .......................... 30
2.5. marTlmadidebeli eklesiis privilegiebi
sajaro ganaTlebis sferoSi ..................................................................... 33
2.6. saxelmwifo qonebis privatizeba ................................................... 36
3. sabWoTa kavSiris memkvidreoba religiur
organizaciebTan dakavSirebiT ................................................................ 39
3.1. sabWoTa kavSiris dros miyenebuli
zianis anazRaureba ......................................................................................... 39
3.2. sabWoTa kavSiris dros CamorTmeuli
qonebis restitucia ....................................................................................... 41
3.2.1. sinagogis saqme .................................................................................. 43
3.2.2. laTin kaTolikeTa eklesiis saqme ........................................ 45
4. religiuri Seuwynareblobis motiviT Cadenili
samarTaldarRvevebi da marTlmsajulebis aRsruleba ............ 50

4.1. iehovas mowmeTa qristianuli organizaciis
mier aRricxuli samarTaldarRvevebi da
maTi samarTlebrivi Sedegebi .................................................................. 51
4.2. muslimTa Temis winaaRmdeg 2012-2013
wels Cadenili samarTaldarRvevebi .................................................. 57
4.3. devnis dawyebisa da msjavrdadebis statistikis
analizi saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlosa da mTavari
prokuraturis informaciis safuZvelze ........................................... 62
4.4. sasamarTlo gadawyvetilebebis analizi ................................... 66
5. sakulto nagebobebis mSeneblobis nebarTva .............................. 69
5.1. iehovas mowmeTa qristianuli organizacia:
Terjolis SemTxveva ..................................................................................... 70
5.2. meSvide dRis qristian-adventistTa
organizaciis mier nagebobis mSenebloba manglisSi .................... 72
5.3. laTin kaTolikeTa eklesia rusTavSi ........................................ 73
5.4. iehovas mowmeTa qristianuli organizaciis
samefo darbazebis mSenebloba xaSursa da suramSi ..................... 74
6. religiuri institutebis avtonomiis sakiTxi .......................... 76
6.1. saqarTvelos muslimTa sammarTvelos
Seqmna da marTva .............................................................................................. 77
7. rekomendaciebi xelisuflebisadmi .................................................. 78

1. religiis Temaze sajaro gancxadebebis mimoxilva ................. 81
1.1. 17 maisis movlenebi............................................................................... 82
1.2. sofel samTawyaroSi mimdinare movlenebi .............................. 87
1.3. minareTis demontaJi sofel WelaSi ............................................ 90
1.4. incidenti xanuqas dResaswaulze ................................................ 94
1.5. TviTmmarTvelobis kodeqsis miReba ............................................ 95
1.6. patriarqis 2014 wlis saSobao epistole .............................. 100
1.7. mTavrobis iniciativa oTxi konfesiis
dafinansebasTan dakavSirebiT ............................................................... 102
1.8. antidiskriminaciuli kanonproeqtis ganxilva ................. 103
daskvna ................................................................................................................ 113

5
Seuwynarebloba qarTveli sazogadoebis fundamenturi prob-
lemaa. is aris indikatori imisa, Tu ramdenad axerxeben an
ver axerxeben saqarTvelos moqalaqeebi Tanamedrove sazoga-
doebad Camoyalibebas. Tanamedrove sazogadoeba adamianis in-
dividualuri Tavisuflebis princips efuZneba, nebismier ada-
mians unda hqondes sakuTari Tavis gamoxatvis da sakuTari
pirovnebis ganviTarebis saSualeba. Tanamedrove sazogadoeba
swored aseTi, Tavisufali adamianebis erTobliobaa.
Seuwynareblobas, erTi mxriv, arqauli, premodernuli cno-
biereba kvebavs, romelic nebismier gansxvavebul adamianSi
ucxosa da mters xedavs, meore mxriv ki totalitaruli
memkvidreoba, romelic sazogadoebas uniformulad, erTsa-
xovanad warmoidgenda. umravlesoba, romelic yovelTvis
marTali swored imitom iyo, rom umravlesoba iyo, dawese-
buli normidan nebismier gadaxvevas pirdapir Tu iribad da-
naSaulad acxadebda. saqarTveloSi Seuwynarebloba Zalado-
bis, Cagvris da aqedan gamomdinare konfliqtebis uSualo
wyaroa.
tolerantobis principi adamianebis Tanasworobaa. is ar au-
qmebs gansxvavebebs adamianebs Soris, aramed am gansxvavebas
legitimurad aRiarebs. saqarTvelos konstitucia am mxriv
sazogadoebriv cnobierebaze winaa. is aRiarebs adamianebis Ta-
nasworobis universalur principebs, romlebic saqarTveloSi
irRveva sakanonmdeblo doneze, yoveldRiur praqtikasa da sa-
jaro diskursSi.


6

winamdebare kvleva Seuwynareblobis ramdenime mniSvnelovan
sakiTxs eZRvneba. pirveli nawili ikvlevs, ramdenad aris saqar-
Tvelos marTlmadidebeli eklesia sxva aRmsareblobebTan Se-
darebiT upirates mdgomareobaSi Cayenebuli da iZleva rekomen-
daciebs, rogor SeiZleba aRmovfxvraT saqarTvelos aramarTl-
madidebel moqalaqeTa uflebebis aqedan gamomdinare Selaxva. es
sakiTxi mniSvnelovania ara marto sazogadoebrivi, aramed saxel-
mwifo TvalsazrisiTac. Tanamedrove saxelmwifo, sxvaTa Soris,
rwmenis da aRmsareblobis Tavisuflebis princips efuZneba da
Sesabamisad, saxelmwifos mkacrad mijnavs eklesiisagan. bolo
wlebSi vxedavT, rom saqarTvelos saxelmwifos sekularul sa-
fuZvlebs marTlmadidebeli eklesiis mzardi gavlenis fonze
saxelmwifos iseTi mniSvnelovani sferoebis klerikalizaciiT
eqmneba safrTxe, rogoricaa, magaliTad, ganaTleba, Tavdacva,
sajaro administracia.
kvlevis meore nawili, romelic sajaro diskursis jer mxolod
zedapirs exeba, ikvlevs politikosTa da sajaro pirTa ritori-
kas. miuxedavad imisa, rom politikosebi, sasuliero pirebi, mo-
qalaqeebi, eTnikuri, religiuri an seqsualuri Tanasworobis
konstituciur principebs aRiareben, isini garkveul daTqmebs
akeTeben, romlebic sabolood am principebis nivelirebas ax-
dens da pirdapir Tu iribad Zaladobis legitimacias iZleva.
zaal andronikaSvili

saqarTvelos 1995 wlis konstitucia,
1
iseve rogorc qvemdgomi
kanonmdebloba,
2
erTmniSvnelovnad aRiarebs rwmenisa da aRm-
sareblobis Tavisuflebasa da Tanasworobas ganurCevlad re-
ligiisa.
1 saqarTvelos konstitucia, 24 agvisto, 1995, muxli 9, punqti 1, muxli 14, muxli 19,
punqti 1.
2 magaliTisTvis ix. saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsi, 22 ivlisi, 1999, muxli
53, nawili 3
1
; saqarTvelos Sromis kodeqsi, 12 dekemberi, 2010, muxli 2, nawili 3,4;
saqarTvelos kanoni diskriminaciis yvela formis aRmofxvris Sesaxeb, 2 maisi, 2014.
7
miuxedavad imisa, rom sakanonmdeblo CarCo unda uzrunvel-
yofdes sxvadasxva religiisadmi Tanaswor mopyrobasa da seku-
larul sivrces mTeli sazogadoebisTvis mniSvnelovani gada-
wyvetilebebis misaRebad, bolo dros Catarebuli kvlevebi da
ganviTarebuli movlenebi adasturebs saqarTvelos avtoke-
faluri marTlmadidebeli eklesiis gavlenis radikalur
zrdas mosaxleobaze, rac misdami preferenciul mopyrobas ga-
napirobebs religiuri gaerTianebebis funqcionirebis yvela
sferoSi.
meore mxriv, arcTu iSviaTia sxva religiebis an umciresobebi-
sadmi marTlmadidebeli umravlesobis Seuwynareblobis aqte-
bi, rac umeteswilad efeqturi reagirebis gareSe rCeba.
3
religiuri diskriminaciisa da konstituciuri sekular-
izmis winamdebare kvleva miznad isaxavs: sakanonmdeblo Car-
Cos, Seuwynareblobis niadagze Cadenil samarTaldarRveve-
bze saxelmwifos reagirebis, religiur umravlesobasa da
umciresobebTan xelisuflebis sxvadasxva Stosa da struq-
turebis damokidebulebis, politikosebis, saxelmwifo
da sajaro moxeleebis religiis konteqstSi gamovlenili
poziciebis kritikul analizs; am kuTxiT arsebuli xarve-
zebisa da naklovanebebis identificirebasa da Sesabamisi
rekomendaciebis SemuSavebas, rac xels Seuwyobs religiis
safuZvelze diskriminaciis aRmofxvras da ufro myar garan-
tiebs Seqmnis saqarTvelos sekularuli ganviTarebisTvis.

kvlevis farglebSi religiuri niSniT diskriminaciis gamom-
wvevi qcevis modelebis identificirebisa da maTze saTanado
reagirebis meqanizmebis SemuSavebisTvis Caiwera da damuSav-
da interviuebi religiuri umciresobebis warmomadgenlebTan.
kvlevis avtorebma gaaanalizes sakanonmdeblo aqtebi; gamoiT-
xoves sajaro informacia sasamarTloebidan, Sinagan saqmeTa
3 saqarTvelos saxalxo damcvelis angariSi saqarTveloSi adamianis uflebebisa da
Tavisuflebebis dacvis mdgomareobis Sesaxeb, 2013, gv. 293-317.
8

saministrodan, mTavari prokuraturidan, saqarTvelos mTav-
robidan da sxva Sesabamisi uwyebebidan. amasTan, gaanalizda
politikosebis, saxelmwifo da sajaro moxeleebis gancxadebe-
bi, romlebic mediaSi gamoqveynda.
kvlevis pirveli nawilisTvis Catarda interviuebi religi-
uri umciresobebis warmomadgenlebTan: evangelur-protes-
tantuli eklesiis xuces Smagi WankvetaZesTan, saqarTvelos
saxarebis rwmenis eklesiis warmomadgenel lela xoneli-
ZesTan, qarTvel muslimTa kavSiris Tavmjdomaris moadgile
tariel nakaiZesTan, saqarTveloSi kaTolike eklesiis (amier-
kavkasiis laTinuri wesis kaTolikeTa samociqulo adminis-
tracia) mRvdel akaki WeliZesTan, meSvide dRis qristian-ad-
ventistTa organizaciis sasuliero pirebTan, boris Waraia-
sa da aleqsandre SvarcTan, iehovas mowmeebis qristianuli
organizaciis warmomadgenel iurist manuCar cimintiasa da
asiriul-qaldeuri kaTolike eklesiis moZRvarTan, beniamin
beTiadegarTan.
am interviuebze dayrdnobiT da religiuri umciresobebis
mier mowodebuli masalebis (sasamarTlo gadawyvetilebe-
bi, administraciuli warmoebis dokumentebi, sajaro mox-
eleebTan mimowera, a.S.) safuZvelze kanonmdeblobis is
sferoebi gamovlinda, romlebic, savaraudod, uSvebs sajaro
moxelTa mier TviTneburi da diskriminaciuli gadawyvetile-
bebis miRebas da ar uzrunvelyofs religiuri umciresobebis
jerovan dacvas Zaladobis an uTanasworo mopyrobisgan.
Sesabamisi kanonmdeblobis Semdgomi analizisTvis sajaro in-
formaciis moTxovna gaegzavnaT saqarTvelos yvela saerTo
sasamarTlos, Sinagan saqmeTa saministros, mTavar prokura-
turas, saqarTvelos mTavrobasa da ssip saxelmwifo qonebis
erovnul saagentos, agreTve, 70-mde sajaro skolas saqarT-
veloSi, religiis sakiTxTa saxelmwifo saagentosa da sxva
organoebs.
mopovebuli informacia saSualebas iZleva, gamovyoT saqarT-
velos kanonmdeblobisa da saxelmwifo praqtikis is sferoe-
9
bi, sadac religiuri umciresobebi dausabuTebel dabrkole-
bebs awydebian, rasac isini gansxvavebul da diskriminaciul
mopyrobad aRiqvamen. amgvaria:
sabWoTa kavSiris dros miyenebuli zianis anazRaurebis
wesi;
saxelmwifo qonebis privatizebis sferoSi religiuri
gaerTianebebis diskriminacia;
sabWoTa kavSiris dros CamorTmeul sadavo eklesiebze
sakuTrebis uflebis dadgena;
religiuri SeuwynareblobiT motivirebul danaSaulebze
samarTlebrivi devnis dabali maCvenebeli da efeqturi
reagirebis nakleboba;
mSeneblobis nebarTvis gacemasTan dakavSirebuli
warmoeba;
marTlmadidebluri religiis indoqtrinacia sajaro
skolebSi;
Careva religiuri institutebis avtonomiaSi;
sagadasaxado da sabaJo kanonmdeblobiT dadgenili
privilegiebi.
Sesabamisad, samarTlebrivi kvleva warmodgenilia aRniSnul
sakiTxebze kanonmdeblobisa da masTan dakavSirebuli praq-
tikis analizis saxiT, rac efeqturi rekomendaciebis SemuSave-
bis saSualebas iZleva identificirebuli sakanonmdeblo
xarvezebis aRmosafxvrelad, religiuri niSniT diskriminaci-
asTan brZolisa da sekularizmis principis ganmtkicebis Tval-
sazrisiT.
10

kvlevis meore, mediis nawilSi mimoxilulia 2013-sa da 2014
wlis pirvel naxevarSi politikosebisa da xelisuflebis war-
momadgenelTa mier religiuri niSniT neitralurobis dar-
Rvevisa da Seuwynarebeli ritori kis gamoyenebis SemTxvevebi.
kvlevis obieqtebi iyvnen xelisuflebis warmomadgenlebi:
prezidenti, premier-ministri, ministrebi, ministris moadg-
ileebi, departamentebis xelmZRvanelebi; adgilobrivi xeli-
suflebisa da TviTmmarTvelobis wevrebi; parlamentarebi;
sxva sajaro uwyebebis gadawyvetilebebis mimRebi pirebi, sa-
parlamento da arasaparlamento opoziciis warmomadgenlebi.
kvlevis farglebSi gaanalizda politikosTa sajaro gancxa-
debebi im mediasaSualebebSi, romlebic fokusirebulia reli-
giuri sakiTxebis, siZulvilis enisa da diskriminaciis prob-
lematur aspeqtebze. esenia: veb-gamocemebi netgazeTi da
tabula. aseve monitoringi ganxorcielda saerTo-erovnuli
dafarvis mqone arxis, rusTavi 2-is toqSouebSi: arCevan-
sa da poziciaSi gakeTebul gancxadebebze. amasTan, mkvle-
varebma Seiswavles gazeT asaval-dasavalSi gamoqveynebuli
masalebi, radgan am gamocemas umciresobebisadmi aSkarad Seu-
wynarebeli da diskriminaciuli saredaqcio politika aqvs,
garda amisa, monitoringSi SemTxveviTi SerCevis wesiT moxvda
is mediac, sadac sajaro pirebis rezonansuli gancxadebebi
gamoqveynda.
monitoringis periodSi sul mimovixileT veb-gverdebze
tabula da netgazeTi gamoqveynebuli 160 statia, 10 masala
gazeT asaval-dasavlidan da telekompania rusTavi 2-is 7
gadacema.
11

1. sekularizmi da rwmenisa da aRmsareblobis
Tavisufleba saqarTveloSi
sekularizmis idea gulisxmobs gansazRvruli tipisa da in-
tensivobis instituciur gamijvnas saxelmwifosa da religias
Soris da saero sajaro sivrcis uzrunvelyofas religiis pri-
vatizebis gziT.
4
adamianis uflebaTa evropuli sasamarTlos
praqtikidan erTmniSvnelovnad gamomdinareobs moTxovna, rom
saxelmwifo iyos neitraluri religiebTan mimarTebaSi:
regulaciis uflebamosilebis ganxorcielebisas am
sferoSi da sxvadasxva religiebTan, denominaciebTan
da sarwmunoebebTan urTierTobisas saxelmwifos aqvs
valdebuleba iyos neitraluri da miukerZoebeli... rac
SeuTavsebelia saxelmwifos mier religiuri rwmenis
legitimurobis SefasebasTan... xelisuflebis organoebis
roli... imaSi ki ar mdgomareobs, rom dapirispireba
aRmofxvran pluralizmis ganadgurebis gziT, aramed maTi
rolia, uzrunvelyon Semwynarebloba... saxelmwifos amgvari
roli xels uwyobs sajaro wesrigs, religiur harmonias da
Semwynareblobas demokratiul sazogadoebaSi... da nakleb
warmosadgenia, rom aman daamciros im eklesiis an rwmenis
roli, romelTanac konkretuli qveynis mosaxleoba
istoriulad da kulturulad asocirdeboda...
5
qvemoT gaanalizebuli iqneba saqarTvelos konstituciis
rele vanturi debulebebi, romlebic gansazRvraven saxelm-
wifosa da eklesiis urTierTobis models saqarTveloSi da
amasTan, adgenen rwmenis Tavisuflebis garantiebs. agreTve,
gaanalizebuli iqneba saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli eklesi-
4 R. Palomino, Legal Dimensions of Secularism: Challenges and Problems, 4 Contemp. Readings L. & Soc.
Just 208 2012, gv. 208, 2011.
5 iehovas mowmeTa gldanis kongregaciis 97 wevri da oTxi sxva piri saqarTvelos
winaaRmdeg, ganacxadi no. 71156/01, 2007 wlis 3 maisi, par. 131-132.
12

is dominanturi mdgomareoba da privilegiebi sxva religiur
gaerTianebebTan mimarTebiT da religiis sakiTxTa saxelmwifo
saagentos Seqmna da misi perspeqtivebi arsebul viTarebaSi.
1.1. konstituciuri debulebebi da marTlmadidebeli
eklesiis dominanturi mdgomareoba
saqarTvelos konstituciis me-9 muxli acxadebs:
1. saxelmwifo acxadebs rwmenisa da aRmsareblobis srul
Tavisuflebas. amasTan erTad, aRiarebs saqarTvelos samoci-
qulo avtokefaluri marTlmadidebeli eklesiis gansakuTre-
bul rols saqarTvelos istoriaSi da mis damoukideblobas
saxelmwifosagan.
2. saqarTvelos saxelmwifosa da saqarTvelos samociqulo
avtokefaluri marTlmadidebeli eklesiis urTierToba gan-
isazRvreba konstituciuri SeTanxmebiT. konstituciuri Se-
Tanxmeba srulad unda Seesabamebodes saerTaSoriso samarT-
lis sayovelTaod aRiarebul principebsa da normebs, kerZod,
adamianis uflebaTa da ZiriTad TavisuflebaTa sferoSi.
6
amdenad, saqarTvelos konstitucia, erTi mxriv, aRiarebs
rwmenisa da aRmsareblobis srul Tavisuflebas da amasTan,
adamianis uflebebisTvis primatis miniWebis Semdeg xazs us-
vams saqarTvelos samociqulo avtokefaluri marTlmadide-
beli eklesiis [SemdegSi saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli
eklesia] gansakuTrebul rols saqarTvelos istoriaSi. am
tipis midgoma saqarTvelos aqcevs saxelmwifosa da eklesi-
is urTierTobis modelSi, romelsac waxalisebuli eklesiis
modeli ewodeba.
7
6 saqarTvelos konstitucia, 24 agvisto, 1995 weli, muxli 9.
7 qoul durhemis ganmartebiT: waxalisebuli eklesia sargeblobs aRiarebiT, magram
qveynis konstitucia adgens, rom yvela jgufi Tanasworia. zogjer mxardaWera SedarebiT
uvnebelia da Semoifargleba mxolod da mxolod imis aRiarebiT, rom konkretulma
religiurma tradiciam mniSvnelovani roli Seasrula qveynis istoriasa da kulturaSi.
sxva SemTxvevebSi, mxardaWera funqcionirebs rogorc organizaciisTvis miniWebuli
prerogativebis SenarCunebis cudad SeniRbuli meTodi, Tumca, formalurad ufro
liberaluri reJimis saxes inarCunebs. amdenad, eklesiisa da saxelmwifos urTierTobis
13
TumcaRa, marTlmadidebeli eklesiis gansakuTrebuli rolis
aRiarebasTan erTad, saqarTvelos konstituciis me-9 muxli
or mniSvnelovan daTqmas Seicavs: erTi mxriv, is upirvelesad
rwmenisa da aRmsareblobis srul Tavisuflebas acxadebs da
amiT gansazRvravs konteqsts, romliTac aRiarebulia marTl-
madidebeli eklesiis gansakuTrebuli roli. rwmenisa da aRm-
sareblobis Tavisufleba damatebiT ganmtkicebulia saqarTve-
los konstituciis me-19 muxlSic. meore mxriv ki, is miuTiTebs
eklesiis damoukideblobaze saxelmwifosgan, rac saxelmwifo-
sa da eklesiis gancalkevebis, damoukidebel subieqtebad ga-
mocxadebisa da maTi Sesabamisi sferoebis gamijvnis garantiaa
da warmoadgens kidec sekularobis arss.
saxelmwifosgan eklesiis damoukideblobaze yuradRebis ga-
maxvilebas gansakuTrebuli mniSvneloba aqvs saxelmwifosTan
marTlmadidebeli eklesiis mWidro kavSiris istoriis gaT-
valiswinebiT. saqmeSi kedrofi da sxvebi CrdiloeT amerikaSi
ruseTis marTlmadidebeli eklesiis wminda nikolozis kaTe-
dralis winaaRmdeg, amerikis uzenaesma sasamarTlom aRniSna,
rom rusuli marTlmadidebeli eklesiis ganviTareba isto-
riulad caris Zalauflebis gafarToebis proporciuli iyo,
radgan eklesia sajaro samsaxuris mzard nawils warmoad-
genda.
8
es dakvirveba, romelic miuTiTebs marTlmadidebeli
eklesiis msaxurebis sajaro samsaxurTan asocirebaze, simar-
Tles warmoadgens saqarTvelos marTlmadidebel eklesiasTan
dakavSirebiTac, gansakuTrebiT, Tu gaviTvaliswinebT imas, rom
es ukanaskneli 1811 wlidan ruseTis marTlmadidebeli ekle-
siis nawili gaxda. saqarTvelos marTlmadidebelma eklesiam
avtokefaluri statusis dabruneba mxolod 1917 wels SeZlo.
dResdReobiT, saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli eklesiis priv-
ilegirebis umniSvnelovanesi gamoxatuleba da safuZvelia
konstituciuri SeTanxmeba saxelmwifosa da marTlmadidebeli
eklesiis sapatriarqos Soris, romliTac sapatriarqom miiRo
modelebis wrfeze, romlis erT boloSi saxelmwifo religiis modelia, meoreSi ki
saxelmwifosa da eklesiis mkacri gamijvnis modeli, saqarTvelo ufro axlos dgas
saxelmwifo eklesiis modelTan. ix. W. Cole Durham, Perspectves on Religious Liberty: A Comparatve
Framework, krebulSi Religious Human Rights in Global Perspectve, J.D. van der Vyver and J. Wite, Jr. (eds.),
1996 Kluwer Law Internatonal, gv. 1-44.
8 KEDROFF v. ST. NICHOLAS CATHEDRAL, 344 U.S. 94 (1952) 344 U.S. 94.
14

avtonomiisa da samarTlebrivi da qonebrivi problemebis
gadawyvetis garantiebi, rac qvemoT iqneba detalurad ganxi-
luli.
samarTlebrivi statusis gansazRvra, sagadasaxado SeRavaTe-
bi, sabWoTa kavSiris dros miyenebuli zianis anazRaureba,
sakulto nagebobebis sakuTrebis sakiTxebi sasicocxlod
mniSvnelovani iyo sxva religiuri organizaciebisTvisac,
Tumca, maTi problemebis mosagvareblad zomebis miReba zog
SemTxvevaSi konstituciuri SeTanxmebis dadebidan TiTqmis
aTi wlis Semdeg moxda (mag. religiuri organizaciebis sta-
tusis Taobaze), zog SemTxvevaSi ki, sakiTxi jerac gadasawyve-
tia (mag. sabWoTa kavSiris mier CamorTmeuli sakulto nage-
bobebis sakiTxi).
saqarTveloSi Catarebuli kvlevebi adasturebs marTlmadide-
beli eklesiis mimarT mosaxleobis ndobisa da mxardaWeris
maRal maCvenebels.
9
aRniSnuli, erTi mxriv, ganapirobebs domi-
nanturi religiisadmi xelisuflebis mkafio keTilganwyoba-
sa da mis privilegirebas rogorc sazogadoebriv cxovrebaSi
CarTulobis, ise sazogadoebrivi resursebiT uzrunvelyofis
TvalsazrisiT; meore mxriv ki, adgili aqvs marTlmadidebeli
umravlesobis mxridan ukiduresi Seuwynareblobis aqtebs sxva
religiebis an umciresobebis mimarT, rac xSirad samarTaldam-
cavi organoebis efeqturi reagirebis gareSe rCeba.
10
1.2. religiis sakiTxTa saxelmwifo saagento
religiur gaerTianebebTan dakavSirebuli sakanonmdeblo ba-
zis uzrunvelyofisa da maTTvis aqtualuri sxva sakiTxebis
mogvarebis mandatiT, saqarTvelos mTavrobam 2013 wlis 29
9 ix. mag. 2013 wlis kavkasiis barometris monacemebi: gamokiTxulTa 72% srulad
endoba marTlmadidebel eklesias (xelmisawvdomia: htp://caucasusbarometer.org/en/cb2013ge/
TRUGOCH/ ), xolo gamokiTxulTa 8% Tavs marTlmadidebel religias ganakuTvnebs. (htp://
caucasusbarometer.org/en/cb2013ge/RELGION/ ).
10 saqarTvelos saxalxo damcvelis angariSi saqarTveloSi adamianis uflebebisa da
Tavisuflebebis dacvis mdgomareobis Sesaxeb, gv. 293-317.
15
noembers N305 dadgenilebis Tanaxmad Seqmna religiur gaer-
TianebebTan dakavSirebuli calkeuli sakiTxebis Semswavle-
li uwyebaTaSorisi komisia.
11
komisiis Tavmjdomared dainiS-
na saqarTvelos saxelmwifo ministri reintegraciis sakiTx-
ebSi paata zaqareiSvili. komisiis SemadgenlobaSi Sevidnen
mxolod saxelmwifo Tanamdebobis pirebi da arc erTi reli-
giuri organizaciis warmomadgeneli. komisiis debulebis Ta-
naxmad, mis ZiriTad amocanebs warmoadgenda religiur-sakul-
to nagebobebis mSeneblobis maregulirebeli da religiur
gaerTianebebTan dakavSirebuli sxva kanonmdeblobis analizi
da SemuSaveba, aRniSnuli gaerTianebebis sakuTrebis Seswav-
la da a.S.
tolerantobisa da mravalferovnebis institutma (TDI) komi-
siis saqmianobis Sesaxeb informacia gamoiTxova Serigebisa
da samoqalaqo Tanasworobis sakiTxebSi saqarTvelos saxel-
mwifo ministris aparatidan.
12
rogorc mowodebuli infor-
maciiT
13
irkveva, komisiam 2013 wlis 29 noembridan 2014 wlis
10 Tebervlamde Caatara 5 sxdoma da SeimuSava saqarTveloSi
arsebuli religiuri gaerTianebebisTvis sabWoTa totalita-
ruli reJimis dros miyenebuli zianis nawilobriv anazRaure-
basTan dakavSirebuli zogierTi RonisZiebis ganxorcielebis
wesis damtkicebis Taobaze saqarTvelos mTavrobis dadge-
nilebis proeqti da agreTve sajaro samarTlis iuridiuli
piris religiis sakiTxTa saxelmwifo saagentos Seqmnisa da
debulebis damtkicebis Sesaxeb saqarTvelos mTavrobis dad-
genilebis proeqti. pirveli saqarTvelos mTavrobam miiRo
2014 wlis 27 ianvars,
14
meore ki 2014 wlis 19 Tebervals.
15

11 saqarTvelos mTavrobis dadgenileba no. 305, religiur gaerTianebebTan
dakavSirebuli calkeuli sakiTxebis Semswavleli uwyebaTaSorisi komisiis Seqmnisa da
misi debulebis damtkicebis Sesaxeb, 2013 wlis 29 noemberi.
12 iqve, debulebis muxli 2.
13 Serigebisa da samoqalaqo Tanasworobis sakiTxebSi saqarTvelos saxelmwifo
ministris aparatis werili no. 153-g, 20.02.2014.
14 saqarTvelos mTavrobis dadgenileba no. 117, saqarTveloSi arsebuli religiuri
gaerTianebebisTvis sabWoTa totalitaruli reJimis dros miyenebuli zianis nawilobriv
anazRaurebasTan dakavSirebuli zogierTi RonisZiebis ganxorcielebis wesis damtkicebis
Taobaze, 2014 wlis 27 ianvari.
15 saqarTvelos mTavrobis dadgenileba no. 177, sajaro samarTlis iuridiuli piris
religiis sakiTxTa saxelmwifo saagentos Seqmnisa da debulebis damtkicebis Sesaxeb, 2014
wlis 19 Tebervali.
16

religiis sakiTxTa saxelmwifo saagentos Seqmnis Semdeg,
komisiam 2014 wlis 30 ivniss arseboba Sewyvita.
16
debulebis Tanaxmad, religiis sakiTxTa saxelmwifo saagento
(SemdegSi saagento) warmoadgens mTavrobisa da premier-minis-
tris sakonsultacio organos religiis sferoSi da mis ufle-
bamosilebebs ganekuTvneba: religiis sferoSi arsebuli mdgo-
mareobis gaanalizeba, samarTlebrivi aqtebis proeqtebisa da
rekomendaciebis momzadeba, konstituciuri SeTanxmebiT gansaz-
Rvruli miznebis SesrulebisTvis rekomendaciebis momzadeba,
agreTve, sakulto nagebobebis mSeneblobasa da religiis sfero-
Si ganaTlebasTan dakavSirebuli rekomendaciebis momzadeba, re-
ligiur gaerTianebebs Soris konfliqtis SemTxvevaSi Suamavlis
rolis Sesruleba, tolerantuli garemos mxardaWera da a.S.
aRsaniSnavia, rom marTlmadidebel eklesiasTan konstituciuri
SeTanxmebis aRsrulebis mizniT damatebiT arsebobs 2012 wels
Seqmnili samTavrobo komisia, romlis Semadgenloba da fun-
qciebi Semdeg TavSi iqneba ganxiluli. aRniSnuli komisia jer
gauqmebulad ar gamocxadebula da konstituciur SeTanxmebasTan
mimarTebiT adgili aqvs uflebamosilebebis dublirebas saagen-
tosa da komisias Soris.
2014 wlis 24 ivnisis saagentos werilSi
17
miTiTebulia, rom am
etapze strategiul samoqmedo gegmas da calkeul proeqtebs
amzadeben da jerjerobiT saagentos arc erTi rekomendacia ar
gaucia mis kompetencias mikuTvnebul sakiTxebze.
2014 wlis TebervalSi Catarebul interviuebSi religiuri
gaerTianebebis warmomadgenlebi miuTiTebdnen, rom religi-
uri sakiTxebisTvis saagentos Seqmna sabWoTa kavSiris dros
arsebuli religiur saqmeTa sabWos istoriul asociacias
iwvevda. religiur saqmeTa sabWo 1965 wels Seiqmna ruse-
Tis marTlmadidebeli eklesiis sakiTxTa sabWosa da reli-
giuri kultebis sakiTxTa sabWos gaerTianebis gziT: sabWos
Camoyali beba ganixileboda... rogorc sarwmunoebis mimarT
16 saqarTvelos mTavrobis dadgenileba no. 423, religiur gaerTianebebTan
dakavSirebuli calkeuli sakiTxebis Semswavleli uwyebaTaSorisi komisiis Seqmnisa da
misi debulebis damtkicebis Sesaxeb saqarTvelos mTavrobis 2013 wlis 29 noembris no.
305 dadgenilebis Zaladakargulad gamocxadebis Taobaze, 2014 wlis 30 ivnisi.
17 ssip religiis sakiTxTa saxelmwifo saagentos werili no. 1/129, 24.06.2014.
17
saxelmwifo politikis gadasvla religiebis mdgomareobisa da
religiuri organizaciebis saqmianobis zedamxedvelobidan
maT kontrolze.
18
religiis sakiTxebis organosTan dakavSirebuli mZime isto-
riuli gamocdilebis garda, am organos mimarT undoblobas
iwvevs isic, rom mTavrobas saxalxo damcvelTan arsebul reli-
giaTa sabWosTan an Sesabamis arasamTavrobo organizaciebTan
raime konsultacia ar gauvlia.
19
rac mTavaria, Seqmnili orga-
no ar aris dafuZnebuli warmomadgenlobaze, rac religiuri
gaerTianebebis avtonomiaSi saxelmwifos TviTneburi Carevis
riskebs warmoSobs, naTqvamia saxalxo damcvelTan arse-
bul religiaTa sabWosa da arasamTavrobo organizaciebis er-
Tobliv gancxadebaSi.
20
aRsaniSnavia, rom evropuli komisia rasizmisa da Seuwynare-
blobis winaaRmdeg rekomendacias uwevs saxelmwifoebs, raTa
Seqmnan rasizmisa da Seuwynareblobis sakiTxebze specialize-
buli organo. TumcaRa, saqarTvelos Sesaxeb evropuli komisi-
is 2010 wlis moxsenebis Tanaxmad, komi sia rekomendacias uwev-
da mxolod rasizmTan brZolis specializebuli organos Seqm-
nas da xazs usvamda saxalxo damcvelTan arsebuli religiaTa
sabWoebisa da tolerantobis centris miRwevebs religiuri Sem-
wynareblobis xelSewyobis TvalsazrisiT: 2005 wels saxalxo
damcvelTan daarsda eTnikuri umciresobebisa da religiaTa
sabWoebi, romlebic asruleben mniSvnelovan sakonsultacio
funqcias... saxalxo damcvelTan muSaobs agreTve toleranto-
bis centri, romelic axorcielebs situaciis monitorings da
pasuxobs eTnikuri, religiuri da sxva umciresobebis mimarT
gamovlenil Seuwynareblobis faqtebTan dakavSirebul prob-
lemebs... rasizmisa da rasobrivi diskriminaciis winaaRmdeg
brZolaSi saxalxo damcvelis sakvanZo rolis gaTvaliswinebiT,
ECRI urCevs saqarTvelos xelisuflebas kvlavac ganagrZos am
institutis mxardaWera. ECRI rekomendacias uwevs saqarTvelos
18 .. , : ,
.
19 saxalxo damcvelTan arsebuli religiaTa sabWosa da arasamTavrobo organizaciebis
erToblivi gancxadeba religiis sakiTxTa saxelmwifo saagentosTan dakavSirebiT,
xelmisawvdomia: htp://www.tolerantoba.ge/index.php?news_id=600.
20 iqve.
18

xelisuflebas, ganagrZos dialogi religiur umciresobaTa
warmomadgenlebTan, kerZod, saxalxo damcvelTan arsebul re-
ligiaTa sabWosTan TanamSromlobis farglebSi.
21
saagentosTan dakavSirebiT problemuria is, rom misi man-
dati gamWvirvale ar aris. gaugebaria misi rekomendaciebis
samarTlebrivi da politikuri mniSvneloba, gansakuTrebiT
maSin, rodesac rekomendaciis adresati iqneba ara mTavroba,
romelic misi damfuZnebeli organoa, aramed adgilobrivi
TviTmmarTvelobis organoebi an sxva organoebi; gaugeba ria,
agreTve, rogor SemuSavdeba rekomendaciebi, ramdenad samar-
Tliani da inkluziuri iqneba procedurebi dainteresebuli
mxareebis azris mosmenisa da gaTvaliswinebis TvalsazrisiT,
rodis Seasrulebs Suamavlis rols gaerTianebebs Soris kon-
fliqtisas saagento roca mxareebi miiwveven Tu rodesac
TviTon gadawyvets, aseve ramdenad savaldebulo da SemboWavi
iqneba religiuri gaerTianebebisTvis saagentos miTiTebebi da
moTxovnebi.
am droisTvis, rodesac saagentos arc erTi rekomendacia ar
arsebobs, ar iqneba marTebuli daskvnis gakeTeba imis Taobaze,
Tu rogor gamoiyenebs saagentos Tavmjdomare zaza vaSaymaZe
misTvis miniWebul uflebamosilebas. Tumca, Tavad is faqti,
rom organos mandatis farglebi bundovania da ar aris gam-
Wvirvale im qveyanaSi, romelsac religiuri umciresobebis
devnis istoria aqvs, SeSfoTebis safuZvels iZleva.
2. preferenciuli mopyroba saqarTvelos
avtokefaluri samociqulo
marTlmadidebeli eklesiisadmi
marTlmadidebeli eklesiis dominanturi mdgomareobis mniS-
vnelovani gamovlinebaa ara mxolod saxelmwifos mier calke
instituciuri struqturis Seqmna misi problemebis mosagvare-
21 evropuli komisia rasizmisa da Seuwynareblobis winaaRmdeg, moxseneba saqarTvelos
Sesaxeb (monitoringis meoTxe cikli), 28 aprili, 2010, gv. 21, 22, 37.
19
blad, aramed konstituciuri SeTanxmebiT miniWebuli araerTi
sxva privilegia, romlebiTac saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli
eklesia eqskluziurad sargeblobs: calkeuli sagadasaxado
SeRavaTebi, saqarTvelos mTel teritoriaze arsebul marTl-
madideblur taZrebze, monastrebze, maT nangrevebsa da miwis
nakveTebze da saeklesio saganZurze sakuTrebis uflebis aRi-
areba, didi saeklesio dResaswaulebis dasvenebis dReebad
gamocxadeba. konstituciuri SeTanxmebis safuZvelze saxelm-
wifom aiRo agreTve valdebuleba, aenazRaurebina XIX-XX sauku-
neebSi, gansakuTrebiT 1921-1990 wlebSi, miyenebuli qonebrivi
ziani, Seeqmna moZRvris instituti sajariso formirebebsa da
Tavisuflebis aRkveTis adgilebSi da erToblivi saganmanaT-
leblo programebi ganexorcielebina marTlmadidebel ekle-
siasTan. am sferoebSi preferenciuli mopyrobis arsi qvemoT
detalurad iqneba ganxiluli.
2.1. konstituciuri SeTanxmebis analizi da
instituciuri uzrunvelyofa
saqarTvelos konstituciis me-9 muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli
konstituciuri SeTanxmeba saqarTvelos saxelmwifosa da
saqarTvelos marTlmadidebel eklesias Soris gaformda 2002
wlis 14 oqtombers.
konstituciuri SeTanxmebiT ganisazRvra saqarTvelos
marTlmadidebeli eklesiis statusi is istoriulad Camo-
yalibebul sajaro samarTlis iuridiul pirad gamocxadda.
religiuri gaerTianebisTvis, maT Soris dominanturi re-
ligiuri gaerTianebisTvis, samarTlebrivi statusis miniWe-
ba rwmenisa da aRmsareblobis Tavisuflebidan gamomdinare
erT-erTi mniSvnelovani garantiaa religiuri gaerTianebis
avtonomiurobisTvis. TumcaRa, konstituciuri SeTanxmebis
dadebisas es warmoadgenda marTlmadidebeli eklesiis mimarT
preferenciuli mopyrobis aSkara magaliTs da udides upi-
ratesobas aniWebda mas, radgan sxva religiur gaerTianebebs
araTu sajaro samarTlis iuridiul pirad, aramed saerTod,
20

iuridiul pirad registracia ar SeeZloT, Tu religiuri
miznebis deklarirebas moaxdendnen.
2005 wlamde, saqarTvelos samoqalaqo kodeqsis 1509-e mux-
lis pirveli punqtis Tanaxmad, sajaro miznebis misaRwevad
kanonmdeblobis safuZvelze Seqmnili arasaxelmwifoebrivi
organizaciebi (politikuri partiebi, religiuri gaerTiane-
bebi da sxv.) sajaro samarTlis iuridiul pirebad iTvle-
bodnen. am muxlis safuZvelze religiur gaerTianebebs ar
SeeZloT kerZo samarTlis iuridiul pirebad (im dros mo-
qmedi kanonmdeblobis mixedviT, kavSirebad an fondebad)
registracia. Tumca, problema is iyo, rom maT arc sajaro
samarTlis iuridiul pirad registracia SeeZloT, radgan
saxelmwifom Sesabamisi kanonmdebloba ar miiRo, romliTac
religiuri organizaciebis registraciis wesi da statusi
ganisazRvreboda.
swored amgvarad ganmarta saqarTvelos uzenaesma sasamarT-
lom samoqalaqo kodeqsis Sesabamisi muxlebi: vidre kanoniT
ar gansazRvrula religiuri organizaciebis, rogorc saja-
ro samarTlis iuridiuli pirebis Seqmnis, organizaciisa da
saqmianobis wesi, samoqalaqo kodeqsis 1509-e muxlis pirveli
nawi lis e qvepunqtis Tanaxmad, dauSvebelia kerZo samarTlis
iuridiuli pirebis organizaciul-samarTlebrivi formebis
gamoyeneba.
22
am safuZvliT 2001 wels gauqmda iehovas mowmeTa
gaerTianebis registracia kerZo samarTlis iuridiul pirad.
samoqalaqo kodeqsis amgvari ganmarteba religiuri gaerTiane-
bebs saxelmwifos mier Sesabamisi kanonmdeblobis miRebamde
iuridiuli piris statusis mopovebis SesaZleblobas arTme-
vda.
regulireba Seicvala 2005 wels, rodesac religiurma gaer-
Tianebebma miiRes kerZo samarTlis iuridiuli pirebis for-
miT (kavSirebisa da fondebis, SemdgomSi arakomerciuli iu-
ridiuli pirebis formiT) registraciis ufleba. sabolood,
konstituciuri SeTanxmebiT Seqmnili privilegirebuli mdgo-
mareoba aRmoifxvra 2011 wlis 5 ivliss saqarTvelos samo-
22 saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlos samoqalaqo, samewarmeo da gakotrebis saqmeTa
palatis ganCineba 3k/599, 22 Tebervali 2001 weli.
21
qalaqo kodeqsSi cvlilebis Setanis gziT kodeqss daemata
1509
1
muxli, romlis pirveli nawili acxadebs: religiuri
gaerTianebebi SeiZleba daregistrirdnen sajaro samarTlis
iuridiul pirebad. Sesabamisad, sxva religiur gaerTiane-
bebsac miecaT SesaZlebloba, samarTlebrivi statusis Tval-
sazrisiT gaTanasworebodnen saqarTvelos marTlmadidebel
eklesias.
konstituciuri SeTanxmebiTve (muxli 11) iqna gaTvalis-
winebuli, rom unda Seqmniliyo sabWoTa kavSiris dros
miyenebuli zianis nawilobriv anazRaurebis sakiTxebze
paritetuli komisia. marTlac, saqarTvelos prezidentis 2003
wlis 7 ianvris .1 brZanebulebiT
23
ganisazRvra saqarTve-
los saxelmwifosa da saqarTvelos samociqulo avtokefalur
marTlmadidebel eklesias Soris konstituciuri SeTanxme-
biT gaTvaliswinebul RonisZiebaTa uzrunvelmyof komisiaTa
Semadgenlobebi. brZanebuleba iTvaliswinebda xuTi komisiis
Seqmnas: 1. jvrisweris saxelmwifo aRiarebasTan dakavSirebiT;
2. samxedro-sajariso formirebebsa da Tavisuflebis aRkveTis
adgilebSi moZRvris (kapelanis) institutis SeqmnasTan dakav-
SirebiT; 3. saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebebSi marTlmadide-
beli sarwmunoebis swavlebis sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT; 4. kul-
turuli memkvidreobis sferoSi samarTlebrivi da qonebrivi
urTierTobebis mowesrigebis RonisZiebebTan dakavSirebiT; 5.
saxelmwifoebrivi damoukideblobis dakargvis periodSi ekle-
siisTvis miyenebuli materialuri zianis nawilobrivi kompen-
saciis sakiTxebTan dakavSirebiT.
miuxedavad imisa, rom am brZanebulebis mixedviT, TiToeul
komisias or TveSi unda waredgina prezidentisTvis Sesabami-
si komisiis debuleba, amgvari debulebebi ar momzadebula.
tolerantobisa da mravalferovnebis institutma (TDI) saqar-
Tvelos prezidentis administraciasa da saqarTvelos mTav-
robas aRniSnuli komisiebis saqmianobis Sesaxeb informaciis
misaRebad mimarTa. saqarTvelos prezidentis administraciis
pasuxis Tanaxmad, am komisiaTa sxdomis oqmebi saqarTvelos
23 saqarTvelos prezidentis brZanebuleba no. 1, saqarTvelos saxelmwifosa da
saqarTvelos samociqulo avtokefalur marTlmadidebel eklesias Soris konstituciuri
SeTanxmebiT gaTvaliswinebul RonisZiebaTa uzrunvelmyof komisiaTa Seqmnis Sesaxeb,
2003 wlis 7 ianvari.
22

prezidentis administraciaSi daculi ar aris.
24
saqarTvelos
mTavrobam aRniSnuli komisiebis saqmianobis Sesaxeb infor-
maciis gamosaTxovad tolerantobisa da mravalferovnebis in-
stitutis werili raime dasabuTebis gareSe gadaugzavna ssip
saxelmwifo qonebis erovnul saagentos, romlis oficialu-
ri pasuxis Tanaxmad, maT ar gaaCniaT informacia komisiebis
saqmianobis Sesaxeb.
25
aqedan SeiZleba davaskvnaT, rom maRali
albaTobiT, komisiebs ar dauwyiaT saqmianoba da amiT aris
ganpirobebuli informaciis ararseboba Sesabamis saxelmwifo
dawesebulebebSi.
prezidentis no. 1 brZanebuleba gauqmda 2012 wlis 21 Teberv-
lis no. 125 prezidentis brZanebulebiT. sanacvlod, saqarTve-
los mTavrobis 2012 wlis 21 Tebervlis no. 63 dadgenilebiT
Seiqmna saqarTvelos saxelmwifosa da saqarTvelos samoci-
qulo avtokefalur marTlmadidebel eklesias Soris konsti-
tuciuri SeTanxmebiT gaTvaliswinebuli sakiTxebis ganmxil-
veli samTavrobo komisia, ganisazRvra misi samuSao jgufebis
Semadgenloba da debuleba. dadgenilebaSi bolo cvlileba Se-
vida 2013 wlis 21 maiss. 2014 wlis 5 ivlisis mdgomareobiT, am
dadgenilebis me-3 muxlis Tanaxmad, arsebobs 8 samuSao jgufi:
1. qonebrivi sakiTxebis ganmxilveli da eklesiis ekonomikuri
saqmianobisaTvis Sesabamisi samarTlebrivi bazis Semqmneli; 2.
XIX da XX ss-Si (saqarTvelos damoukideblobis dakargvis peri-
odSi) eklesiisaTvis miyenebuli zaralis damdgeni; 3. saxelm-
wifo muzeumebSi daculi saeklesio saganZurisa da istoriuli
mniSvnelobis taZrebis movla-patronobis reJimis damdgeni;
4. kanoniT dadgenili wesiT jvrisweris aRiarebis ganmsaz-
Rvreli; 5. samxedro-sajariso formirebebSi, sapatimroebsa
da Tavisuflebis aRkveTis adgilebSi moZRvris institutis
ganmsazRvreli; 6. ganaTlebis sferoSi urTierTTanamSromlo-
bis ganmsazRvreli; 7. sazRvargareTis qveynebSi saqarTvelos
sapatriarqos samarTlebrivi statusisa da iq arsebuli qar-
Tuli eklesia-monastrebis movla-patronobisa da sakuTrebis
ganmsazRvreli; 8. religiuri daniSnulebis nagebobaTa warmo-
mavlobis damdgeni.
24 saqarTvelos prezidentis administraciis werili no. 3493 tolerantobisa da
mravalferovnebis instituts, 28.04.2014.
25 ssip saxelmwifo qonebis erovnuli saagentos werili no. 14/10899, 26 marti, 2014.
23
aRsaniSnavia, rom religiuri daniSnulebis nagebobaTa warmo-
mavlobis sakiTxi uSualod exeba saqarTveloSi arsebuli sxva
religiuri gaerTianebebis, gansakuTrebiT somexTa marTlma-
didebeli samociqulo wminda eklesiisa da laTin kaTolikeTa
eklesiis interesebs. Tumca, am jgufis, iseve rogorc yvela sxva
jgufisa, wevrebi arian mxolod saqarTvelos xelisuflebisa
da saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli eklesiis warmomadgenlebi,
miuxedavad imisa, rom maTma gadawyvetilebebma sxva religiebis
sakuTrebis sakiTxi SeiZleba gadawyvitos maTi monawileobis
gareSe.
rogorc Cans, am samuSao jgufebis arseboba isev nominaluria
da sakiTxebis Seswavlisa da Sesabamisi winadadebebis momza-
debisTvis muSaoba ar mimdinareobs. komisiisa da misi samuSao
jgufebis Sesaxeb informaciis gamoTxovis Semdeg, saxelmwifo
qonebis erovnulma saagentom tolerantobisa da mraval-
ferovnebis instituts (TDI) moawoda konstituciuri SeTanx-
mebiT gaTvaliswinebuli sakiTxebis ganmxilveli samTavrobo
komisiis mxolod erTi sxdomis oqmi, romelic 2012 wlis 29
marts Catarda.
26
sxdomis oqmiT irkveva, rom komisia SeTanxm-
da, intensiurad emuSava samuSao jgufebSi, kerZod, qonebrivi
sakiTxebis ganmxilveli samuSao jgufi unda Sekrebiliyo
saorientaciod 2 kviraSi erTxel, danarCeni jgufebi ki TveSi
erTxel. saagentom sxva informaciis mowodeba ver SeZlo, rac
isev saSualebas iZleva, davaskvnaT, rom zemoxsenebuli komisi-
is saqmianobis Sesaxeb sxva informacia sajaro dawesebulebebSi
daculi ar aris.
rogorc wina TavSi, religiis sakiTxTa saxelmwifo saagentoze
msjelobisas, aRvniSneT, mis erT-erT uflebamosilebas war-
moadgens rekomendaciebis momzadeba konstituciuri SeTanxme-
biT gansazRvruli miznebisa da amocanebis Sesasruleblad. aR-
niSnulis gaTvaliswinebiT samTavrobo komisiasa da saagentos
kompetenciebs Soris arsebobs dublireba.
26 saxelmwifo qonebis erovnuli saagentos werili no. 14/15481, 01/maisi/2014.
24

2.2. samxedro valdebuleba
konstituciuri SeTanxmebis me-4 muxlis Tanaxmad, sasulie-
ro piri, rac terminTa ganmartebiT niSnavs marTlmadidebel
eklesiaSi kanonikuri wesiT xeldasxmul pirs, Tavisufldeba
samxedro valdebulebisgan.
aRsaniSnavia, rom sasuliero pirebis gaTavisuflebas saer-
To araferi aqvs keTilsindisier winaaRmdegobasTan, radgan
marTlmadidebel eklesias samxedro valdebulebis moxdis
sawi naaRmdego raime doqtrina ar gaaCnia; religia arc ekle-
siis mimdevrebs da arc sasuliero pirebs am safuZvliT samxe-
dro samsaxurze uaris Tqmas ar sTxovs.
samxedro valdebulebisa da samxedro samsaxuris Sesaxeb
saqarTvelos kanonis 30-e muxlis Tanaxmad, samxedro samsaxur-
Si gawveva gadauvaddebaT mRvdelmsaxurebs da maT, vinc sasu-
liero saswavlebelSi swavloben. samxedro-sarezervo samsax-
uris Sesaxeb kanonis me-8 muxlis pirveli punqtis l qvepun-
qtis Tanaxmad, sasuliero pirebi Tavisufldebian sarezer-
vo samsaxuris gavlisgan. rogorc uzenaesi sasamarTlos
gadawyvetilebebiT ikveTeba, sasuliero pirSi moiazreba ara
mxolod saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli eklesiis, aramed sxva
religiebis, magaliTad, iehovas mowmeTa mRvdelmsaxuric. Tum-
ca, isev uzenaesi sasamarTlos praqtikaze dayrdnobiT SeiZle-
ba iTqvas, rom sxvadasxva formaluri mizezis gamo (mag. drou-
lad gamoucxadebloba gamwvev komisiaSi) sasuliero pirebsac
SeiZleboda dahkisrebodaT administraciul samarTaldarRve-
vaTa kodeqsis 197
3
muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli pasuxismgebloba
sarezervo samsaxurSi gamoucxadeblobis gamo.
27
religiis mimdevrebi, romlebsac keTilsindisieri winaaRmde-
goba aqvT samxedro valdebulebis moxdis mimarT, araTu ar
Tavisufldebodnen samxedro savaldebulo samsaxuris Ses-
rulebisgan, aramed 2011 wlamde alternatiuli samsaxuris
samxedro-sarezervo samsaxuris moTxovnis SesaZleblobac ar
hqondaT. 2006 wlis samxedro-sarezervo samsaxuris Sesaxeb
27 saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlos administraciul saqmeTa palatis gadawyvetileba
bs-1599-1575(k-11), 9 Tebervali, 2012.
25
saqarTvelos kanoni iTvaliswinebda saqarTvelos yvela moqa-
laqis valdebulebas, gaevloT samxedro-sarezervo samsaxuri
da ar uSvebda gamonakliss im pirebisTvis, visac keTilsindis-
ieri winaaRmdegoba hqonda rezervis mimarT.
28
sarezervo sam-
saxurze uaris Tqma, Tundac keTilsindisieri winaaRmdegobis
safuZvelze, administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsis
197
3
muxlis Tanaxmad (samxedro-sarezervo samsaxurSi gamoucxa-
debloba samxedro-sarezervo samsaxurisTvis Tavis aridebis
mizniT), samarTaldarRvevas warmoadgenda da 500-lariani
jarimis an administraciuli patimrobis safuZveli SeiZlebo-
da gamxdariyo. es norma rwmenisa da aRmsareblobis Tavisufle-
basTan Seusabamobis safuZvelze saqarTvelos sakonstitucio
sasamarTlom 2011 wlis 22 dekembers arakonstituciurad
cno.
29
am gadawyvetilebis gamotanis Semdeg miRebuli uzenaesi
sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebebi adasturebs, rom qvemdgom sa-
samarTloebs damkvidrebuli hqondaT praqtika, romlis mixed-
viTac keTilsindisieri winaaRmdegoba ar iTvleboda sarezer-
vo samsaxurisgan gaTavisuflebis samarTlebriv safuZvlad.
30
2.3. sagadasaxado SeRavaTebi
konstituciuri SeTanxmebis me-6 muxlis Tanaxmad, eklesiis
mier warmoebuli saRvTismsaxuro produqcia misi damza-
deba, Semotana, miwodeba da Semowiruloba, aseve araekono-
mikuri mizniT arsebuli qoneba da miwa gaTavisuflebulia
gadasaxadebisgan.
amdenad, marTlmadidebeli eklesiis araekonomikuri mizniT
arsebuli qoneba da miwa, Semowiruloba da saRvTismsaxuro
produqciis warmoeba da miwodeba ar SeiZleba daibegros.
religiuri organizaciis, maT Soris dominanturi religi-
28 saqarTvelos kanoni samxedro-sarezervo samsaxuris Sesaxeb, 2006 wlis 27 dekemberi,
muxli 2, punqti 2.
29 saqarTvelos sakonstitucio sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba saqmeze `saqarTvelos
saxalxo damcveli saqarTvelos parlamentis winaaRmdeg, 1/1/477, 2011 wlis 22 dekemberi.
30 ix. mag. saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlos administraciul saqmeTa palatis
gadawyvetileba bs-1599-1575(k-11), 9 Tebervali, 2012; saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlos
administraciul saqmeTa palatis gadawyvetileba bs-477-471(2k-12), 20 seqtemberi, 2012.
26

uri organizaciis, gadasaxadebisgan gaTavisufleba TavisTavad
ar qmnis problemas sekularobis TvalsazrisiT. kiTxva imaSi
mdgomareobs, sargebloben Tu ara imave sagadasaxado SeRa-
vaTebiT is religiuri organizaciebi, romlebic saqarTveloSi
religiur saqmianobas ewevian.
ganvixiloT saqarTvelos sagadasaxado kodeqsis
31
Sesabamisi
muxlebi. sagadasaxado kodeqsis me-9 muxli adgens, rom re-
ligiuri saqmianoba ar warmoadgens ekonomikur saqmianobas.
amasTan, religiuri organizaciebis sawarmoTa saqmianobac,
rac dakavSirebulia religiuri literaturis an sagnebis war-
moebasTan an realizaciasTan, agreTve warmoadgens religiur
saqmianobas.
32
es ganmarteba exeba TavisTavad yvela religi-
ur organizacias da ara mxolod marTlmadidebel eklesias.
ramdenadac religiuri organizaciebi ar ewevian ekonomikur
saqmianobas, isini ar warmoadgenen sawarmos sagadasaxado ko-
deqsis gagebiT.
33
aRniSnuli gamijvna religiur da ekonomikur saqmianobas Soris
aTavisuflebs registrirebul religiur organizaciebs moge-
bis gadasaxadisgan. sagadasaxado kodeqsis 96-e muxlis mixedviT,
mogebis gadasaxadis gadamxdelebi arian mxolod sawarmoebi da
ara organizaciebi. Sesabamisad, religiur organizacias moge-
bis gadasaxadi ver daekisreba im nawilSi, sadac ekonomikuri
saqmianoba dakavSirebulia religiuri daniSnulebis sagnebisa
da religiuri literaturis warmoebasTan, realizaciasa da
am saqmianobiT miRebuli Semosavlis gamoyenebasTan. rogorc
aRvniSneT, me-11 muxlis Tanaxmad, es yvelaferi religiur da
Sesabamisad, araekonomikur saqmianobad kvalificirdeba saga-
dasaxado kodeqsis miznebisTvis.
miuxedavad, imisa, rom normis rogorc teqstobrivi, ise mizno-
brivi analiziT cxadia, rom religiuri organizacia ar aris
sawarmo da ver daibegreba mogebis gadasaxadiT, gaurkvevelia
99-e muxlis Sinaarsi, romelic CamoTvlis, Tu ra Tavisufl-
deba mogebis gadasaxadisgan. gaTavisuflebulTa Soris moxse-
31 saqarTvelos sagadasaxado kodeqsi, 3591II s, 2010 wlis 17 seqtemberi.
32 iqve, muxli 11, nawili 2.
33 iqve, muxli 21.
27
niebulia saqarTvelos sapatriarqos mier religiuri dani-
SnulebiT gamoyenebuli jvrebis, sanTlebis, xatebis, wignebisa
da kalendrebis realizaciiT miRebuli mogeba. imis gaTval-
iswinebiT, rom religiuri organizaciis mier religiuri dani-
Snulebis produqciis realizaciiT miRebuli mogeba isedac
Tavisufldeba me-11 muxlis (religiuri saqmianoba) da 96-e
muxlis safuZvelze, gaurkvevelia, ratom iyo saWiro sapatri-
arqosTan mimarTebiT amis gameoreba. aman SeiZleba gamoiwvios
bundovaneba da kiTxvebi, Tumca, religiuri organizaciebisa
da sawarmoebis mkacri gamijvnis pirobebSi, erTmniSvnelovania,
rom kodeqsi ar utovebs sagadasaxado organizaciebs sivrces
religiuri saqmianobis dasabegrad.
mogebis gadasaxadisgan gansxvavebuli situaciaa dRg-sTan da-
kavSirebiT. sagadasaxado kodeqsis 168-e muxlSi pirdapir aris
miTiTebuli, rom CaTvlis uflebis gareSe dRg-isgan gaTavi-
suflebulia saqarTvelos sapatriarqos mier jvris, sanTlis,
xatis, wignis, kalendrisa da sxva saRvTismsaxuro sagnebis
miwodeba, romlebic gamoiyeneba mxolod religiuri mizniT
(nawili 1, v qvepunqti) da CaTvlis uflebis gareSe dRg-is-
gan gaTavisuflebulia saqarTvelos sapatriarqos dakveTiT
taZrebisa da eklesiebis mSenebloba, restavracia da moxatva
(nawili 2, b qvepunqti). amdenad, dRg-iT dabegvris nawilSi
aSkaraa preferencirebuli mopyroba sapatriarqos, anu saqa-
rTvelos marTlmadidebeli eklesiis mimarT, radgan misi da-
kveTiT sxva subieqtebis mier ganxorcielebuli operaciac ki
Tavisufldeba dRg-sgan. es TavisTavad mniSvnelovan finansur
upiratesobas aniWebs sapatriarqos yvela sxva religiur or-
ganizaciasTan SedarebiT.
qonebis gadasaxadTan dakavSirebiT, saqarTvelos sagadasaxado
kodeqsis 206-e muxli Seicavs daTqmas, rom qonebis gadasaxa-
disagan gaTavisuflebulia organizaciis qoneba, agreTve, or-
ganizaciaze lizingiT gacemuli qoneba, garda miwisa da or-
ganizaciis mier ekonomikuri saqmianobisaTvis gamoyenebuli
qonebisa. radgan 30-e muxlis pirveli punqtis a qvepunqtis
Tanaxmad organizacia moicavs religiur organizaciasac, unda
vivaraudoT, rom yvela religiuri organizacia Tavisufldeba
28

qonebis gadasaxadisgan, garda miwisa da lizingiT gacemuli
qonebisa.
rac Seexeba miwis gadasaxads, saqarTvelos sagadasaxado ko-
deqsi ar iTvaliswinebs dabegvris gansxvavebul reJims da
arc aTavisuflebs religiur organizaciebs misgan. dRg-is
SemTxvevisgan gansxvavebiT, sagadasaxado kodeqsi ar Seicavs
gamonakliss saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli eklesiisTvisac.
Tumca, aq saqmeSi erTveba konstituciuri SeTanxmeba, rome-
lic am sakiTxze calsaxa debulebas Seicavs: eklesiis... miwa
gaTavisuflebulia gadasaxadebisgan. Sesabamisad, marTalia,
sagadasaxado kodeqsi ar aTavisuflebs marTlmadidebel ekle-
sias, magram es uzrunvelyofilia zemdgomi, normatiuli Zalis
mqone aqtiT konstituciuri SeTanxmebiT da miwis gadasaxa-
dTan dakavSirebiTac marTlmadidebeli eklesia sargeblobs
mniSvnelovani finansuri upiratesobiT sxva religiuri orga-
nizaciebisgan gansxvavebiT, romlebic miwis gadasaxads ixdian.
konstituciuri SeTanxmebis me-6 muxlSi laparakia agreTve
marTlmadidebeli eklesiisTvis gakeTebuli Semowirulo-
bis gaTavisuflebaze gadasaxadisgan. am nawilSi saqarTvelos
marTlmadidebeli eklesia da sxva religiuri organizaciebi
Tanaswor mopyrobas eqvemdebarebian, radgan sagadasaxado ko-
deqsis 99-e muxlis pirveli nawilis b qvepunqtis Tanaxmad,
Semowiruloba (anu usasyidlod miRebuli saqoneli, momsax-
ureba da fuladi saxsrebi) gaTavisuflebulia mogebis ga-
dasaxadisgan.
amdenad, sagadasaxado kodeqsisa da konstituciuri SeTanx-
mebis analizis safuZvelze SeiZleba davaskvnaT, rom kon-
stituciuri SeTanxmeba oTx sferoSi (Semowirulobebi, miwa,
qoneba, saRvTismsaxuro produqcia) marTlmadidebel eklesias
gadasaxadebisgan aTavisuflebs. aqedan mogebis gadasaxadsa da
SemowirulobebTan dakavSirebiT yvela religiuri organi-
zacia Tanabar mdgomareobaSia saqarTvelos sagadasaxado kod-
eqsis Sesabamisi debulebebis wyalobiT. qonebis gadasaxadisgan
marTlmadidebeli eklesia Tavisufldeba srulad, xolo sxva
religiuri organizaciebi ixdian gadasaxads qonebis mxolod
29
konkretul saxesTan dakavSirebiT (mag. lizingiT gacemuli
qoneba). rac Seexeba miwis gadasaxadsa da saRvTismsaxuro pro-
duqciis miwodebis an dakveTis dabegvras dRgiT, am sferoSi
marTlmadidebeli eklesia erTmniSvnelovnad privilegirebu-
lia da sargeblobs finansuri SeRavaTiT, razec ar miuwvdebaT
xeli sxva religiur organizaciebs, rac udavod uTanasworo
mopyrobis magaliTia.
saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli eklesia uTanasworo mopyro-
biT sargeblobs agreTve sabaJo kontrolis sferoSi. saqarT-
velos sabaJo teritoriaze saqonlis gadaadgilebisa da gafor-
mebis Sesaxeb instruqciis damtkicebis Taobaze saqarTvelos
finansTa ministris brZanebis 90-e muxlis Tanaxmad, oqros si-
aSi Seyvanis pirobebis dakmayofilebis gareSe, xelisuflebis
umaRles organoebTan erTad oqros siis monawilea saqarTve-
los sapatriarqoc (muxli 90, punqti 2, z qvepunqti).
34
saqarT-
velos sagadasaxado kodeqsis Tanaxmad, oqros siis monawiles
saSualeba aqvs saqarTvelos sabaJo teritoriaze saqonlis Se-
motanis an gatanisas isargeblos gamartivebuli procedure-
biT da gadasaxadebi gadaixados gansxvavebul vadebSi.
imavdroulad, religiurma organizaciebma tolerantobisa
da mravalferovnebis instituts (TDI) miawodes informacia
im biurokratiuli sirTuleebis Sesaxeb, rac xvdebaT reli-
giuri literaturisa da religiuri daniSnulebis saqonlis
saqarTveloSi Semotanisas. evangelurprotestantuli ekle-
siis pastorma Smagi WankvetaZem aRniSna, rom maT didi xnis
ganmavlobaSi ver SeZles saqarTveloSi gamogzavnili wignebis
sawyobebSi ganTavseba im mizeziT, rom sabaJo kontrolis or-
ganoebi ver axerxebdnen gamomgzavni piris identifikacias.
agreTve, sistemuri problema aqvs somxur kaTolikur eklesia-
sac saqar TveloSi. rogorc aRniSnuli eklesiis arqiepiskopo-
si rafael minasiani aRniSnavs reintegraciis sakiTxebSi saqa-
rTvelos saxelmwifo ministrTan gagzavnil werilSi: somxuri
kaTolikuri eklesia yovel wels awydeba erTsa da imave prob-
lemas. saqme is aris, rom Cveni saeklesio kalendrebi ibeWdeba
34 saqarTvelos finansTa ministris brZaneba 290 saqarTvelos sabaJo teritoriaze
saqonlis gadaadgilebisa da gaformebis Sesaxeb instruqciis damtkicebis Taobaze, 2012
wlis 26 ivlisi.
30

somxeTSi da gviCndeba problema kalendrebis saqarTveloSi
Semotanis dros. sazRvarze ar atareben araviTar literatu-
ras arc kalendrebs, arc wignebs, albaT, imis SiSiT, rom aris
separatistuli literatura...
35
am biurokratiuli sirTulee-
bisgan saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli eklesia dazRveulia
ara mxolod Sesabamisi sajaro moxeleebis keTilganwyobis
gamo am eklesiis mimarT, aramed normatiulad ganmtkicebuli
statusis wyalobiTac is oqros siis monawilea da samarT-
lebrivad miuwvdeba xeli gamartivebul procedurebze.
2.4. sabWoTa kavSiris dros miyenebuli zianis anazRaureba
da sakulto nagebobebis dabruneba
konstituciuri SeTanxmebis me-11 muxlis Tanaxmad, saqarTve-
lom aRiara XIX-XX saukuneebSi eklesiisaTvis materialuri da
moraluri zianis miyenebis faqti da materialuri zianis nawi-
lobrivi kompensaciis valdebuleba ikisra. konstituciuri
SeTanxmebis dadebis Semdeg, 2002 wlidan, saxelmwifo yovel-
wliurad afinansebs saqarTvelos sapatriarqos. arasamTavro-
bo organizaciis saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba saqarTvelos
kvlevis Tanaxmad, 2002-2013 wlebSi finansTa saministros mier
saqarTvelos sapatriarqosaTvis gamoyofilma pirdapirma da-
finansebam 160 672 200 lari Seadgina.
36
amasTan, saxelmwifo
biujetSi sapatriarqosTvis gamoyofili daxmarebis odenoba,
ZiriTadad, zrdis tendenciiT xasiaTdeba (2011-2012 wlebis
gamonaklisis garda). damatebiT, tolerantobisa da mraval-
ferovnebis institutis kvlevam cxadyo, rom saqarTveloSi
arsebuli marTlmadidebluri eklesiebi yovelwliurad da
sakmaod mniSvnelovani odenobis TanxiT finansdebian agreTve
municipaluri biujetebidanac.
37
aRniSnuli Tanxis mizno-
briobasTan dakavSirebiT raime samarTlebrivi wyaro ar ar-
35 aRmosavleT evropis somex kaTolikeTa ordinari, arqiepiskopos rafael minasianis
werili saqarTvelos reintegraciis sakiTxebSi saxelmwifo ministrs paata zaqareiSvils,
r. 03.13, 24.12.2013.
36 saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba saqarTvelo, mokle mimoxilva saqarTvelos
sapatriarqos dafinansebis Sesaxeb, 4 ivlisi, 2013.
37 tolerantobisa da mravalferovnebis instituti, saxelmwifo dafinanseba
marTlmadidebluri rwmenis ganmtkicebisTvis, 18 Tebervali, 2014.
31
sebobs. arsad aRiniSneba, es Tanxa konstituciuri SeTanxmebiT
nakisri zianis anazRaurebis valdebulebis Sesrulebis saxiT
ericxeba saqarTvelos marTlmadidebel eklesias Tu misi anaz-
Raurebis valdebulebis Sesruleba gadaido da mTeli es wlebi
gaurkveveli daniSnulebisTvis xarjavs saxelmwifo sabiujeto
Tanxis mniSvnelovan odenobas.
rac Seexeba sabWoTa kavSiris dros miyenebuli zianis meore
nawils, CamorTmeuli eklesiebis, miwebisa da moZravi qonebis
saxiT, amasTan dakavSirebiTac konstituciuri SeTanxmeba mniS-
vnelovan garantias Seicavs: saxelmwifo eklesiis sakuTrebad
cnobs saqarTvelos mTel teritoriaze arsebul marTlmadide-
blur taZrebs, monastrebs (moqmeds da aramoqmeds), maT nan-
grevebs, agreTve, miwis nakveTebs, romlebzec isinia ganlage-
buli.
Tumca, konstituciuri SeTanxmebis miRebamde gacilebiT adre,
1990 wlis 12 aprils, saqarTvelos sabWoTa socialisturi re-
spublikis ministrTa sabWom miiRo dadgenileba N183, romlis
me3 punqtis Tanaxmadac, saqarTvelos sapatriarqos yvela
sakulto nageboba, uZrav-moZrav qonebasTan erTad, qarTuli
marTlmadidebeli eklesiis sakuTrebad gamocxadda.
38
saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli eklesia aqtiurad iyenebs
orive aqts rogorc misTvis CamorTmeuli sakulto nagebobebi-
sa da maTTan dakavSirebuli qonebis dasabruneblad, ise sxva
religiuri organizaciebis sakulto nagebobebze sakuTrebis
uflebis registrirebisTvis, rogorc es Semdeg TavSi iqneba
naCvenebi.
ilustrirebisTvis SegviZlia ganvixiloT anCisxatis eklesi-
is ezoSi arsebul SenobasTan dakavSirebuli dava. TbilisSi
arsebul anCisxatis eklesiaSi 1988 wlidan ganaxlda RvTism-
saxureba, magram eklesiis ezo (miwa) da ezoSi mdebare saxli
rCeboda istoriisa da kulturis ZeglTa dacvis sazogadoebis
balansze 1981 wlis Tbilisis saxalxo deputatTa saqalaqo
38 saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlos administraciuli da sxva kategoriis saqmeTa
palata, gadawyvetileba no. bs-470-408-k-04, 10 noemberi, 2004.
32

sabWos aRmasrulebeli komitetis gadawyvetilebiT. 1990 wels
ssr ministrTa sabWos N183 dadgenilebiT yvela marTlmadide-
beli eklesia da maTi uZrav-moZravi qoneba sapatriarqos sa-
kuTrebad gamocxadda. 2001 wels ki sazogadoebis samarTalmem-
kvidre fondma Senoba Tavis sakuTrebad daaregistrira. sa-
patriarqo moiTxovda miwis nakveTsa da Senoba-nagebobaze
fondis sakuTrebis baTilad cnobas, radgan amtkicebda, rom
sakuTrebis aRiareba kanonis darRveviT moxda. kerZod, fonds
ar gaaCnda miwaTsargeblobis damadasturebeli sabuTi, rac
aucilebeli iyo sakuTrebis uflebis registraciisTvis. meore
mxriv, fondi miuTiTebda, rom sadavo Senoba-nageboba ar war-
moadgenda sakulto nagebobas da ar unda mikuTvneboda N183
dadgenilebis safuZvelze sapatriarqos.
miuxedavad imisa, rom Senoba 1981 wlidan kulturisa da Zegl-
Ta dacvis sazogadoebis balansze iyo, rogorc saapelacio, ise
sakasacio sasamarTlom
39
motivacia daafuZnes ssr ministrTa
sabWos 1986 wlis 14 noembris dadgenilebaze, romlis Tanaxmad-
ac sadavo nageboba saepiskoposo saxli anCisxatis ganuyofel
nawils warmoadgenda. argumentad moyvanil iqna isic, rom 1981
wels arsebuli kanonmdeblobis mixedviT, Senobis gadacema
balansze masze sakuTrebis uflebis warmoSobis safuZvels ar
warmoadgenda. Sesabamisad, fondis sakuTrebis registracia
gauqmda da sapatriarqos moTxovna dakmayofilda.
aRniSnuli saqme cxadyofs, ramdenad privilegirebulia sapa-
triarqo Tavisi sakuTrebis uflebis aRdgenis TvalsazrisiT,
ara mxolod uSualod sakulto nagebobebze, aramed mimdebare
Senobebzec, Tu raimenairad dadgindeba am Senobebis kavSiri
sakulto nagebobasTan, Tundac es ukanaskneli sxva organizaci-
is sakuTreba iyos. rogorc Semdgom TavSi vnaxavT, sxva reli-
giuri organizaciebis mier sakulto nagebobaze mesakuTreobis
aRsadgenad istoriuli warmoSobis mtkiceba ar aris sakmarisi.
gansakuTrebiT rTuldeba saqme, Tu sadavo nageboba ukve sapa-
triarqos sakuTrebad aris registrirebuli, rogorc es Cans
kaTolikeebis eklesiis saqmeSi.
39 iqve.
33
2.5. marTlmadidebeli eklesiis privilegiebi
sajaro ganaTlebis sferoSi
konstituciuri SeTanxmebis me-5 muxlis safuZvelze marTl-
madidebelma eklesiam mniSvnelovani privilegiebi miiRo sa-
jaro ganaTlebis sferoSi: marTlmadidebeli sarwmunoebis
nebayoflobiTi swavleba saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebebSi,
eklesiis saswavlo dawesebulebebis ganaTlebis damadasture-
beli dokumentebis, samecniero xarisxebisa da wodebebis aR-
iareba, erToblivi programebis ganxorcieleba da eklesiis
saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebebis xelSewyoba.
aRniSnuli garantiebi asaxulia zogadi ganaTlebis Sesax-
eb saqarTvelos kanonSi
40
da umaRlesi ganaTlebis Sesaxeb
saqarTvelos kanonSi
41
. zogadi ganaTlebis Sesaxeb kanoni
aRiarebs rwmenis Tavisuflebas, magram, imavdroulad, me-18
muxlis me-4 punqti uSvebs sajaro skolis moswavleebis mier
saskolo droisgan Tavisufal dros religiis nebayoflobiT
Seswavlas an religiuri ritualis Catarebas. me-18 muxlSi
aSkarad igulisxmeba daSveba, rom religiuri rituali an
religiis Seswavla moxdeba isev skolis teritoriaze, sxvag-
varad am daTqmas azri ar eqneboda, radgan skolis gareT sko-
lis moswavleebs isedac aqvT ufleba, monawileoba miiRon
maTTvis sasurvel religiur msaxurebaSi. es debuleba kon-
stituciuri SeTanxmebiT nakisri valdebulebis Sesrulebi-
sTvis qmnis sivrces da sajaro skolaSi marTlmadidebluri
religiis swavlebis saSualebas iZleva. marTalia, marTlma-
didebeli eklesia arsad aris dakonkretebuli, magram maswav-
lebelTa da moswavleTa umravlesobis aRmsareblobis gaT-
valiswinebiT TavisTavad cxadia, rom nebayoflobiT mxolod
am religiis Seswavla moxdeba.
meSvide dRis qristian-adventistTa eklesiis warmomadgenleb-
ma interviuSi aRniSnes, rom marTlmadidebluri sarwmunoebis
swavleba oficialurad nebayoflobiTia, magram cxrilSi es ga-
kveTilebi sxva gakveTilebs Soris aris moqceuli da sxva aRm-
40 saqarTvelos kanoni zogadi ganaTlebis Sesaxeb, 1330-Is, 2005 wlis 8 aprili.
41 saqarTvelos kanoni `umaRlesi ganaTlebis Sesaxeb, 688-rs, 2004 wlis 21 dekemberi.
34

sareblobis moswavleebic iZulebulni xdebian, daeswron am
gakveTilebs. sxva aRmsareblobis moswavlis daswreba marTl-
madidebluri sarwmunoebis swavlebaze iwvevs imas, rom erTi
mxriv, es swavleba aRar gamodis nebayoflobiTi, meore mxriv
ki es moswavleebi, bunebrivia, ver erTvebian religiur aq-
tivobebSi da Sesabamisad, xdeba maTi segregacia danarCeni
klasisgan.
tolerantobisa da mravalferovnebis institutma (TDI) saqar-
Tvelos 74 sajaro skolas mimarTa religiis swavlebis mo-
delis gasarkvevad; skolebs vTxoveT agreTve religiis ga-
kveTilebis cxrilis warmodgenac. miRebuli pasuxebis umrav-
lesoba uaryofda skolaSi nebayoflobiT religiis Seswavlas,
Sesabamisad, ver moxerxda saswavlo cxrilis miReba, romel-
ic daadasturebda an uaryofda religiis swavlebis Sesaxeb
informacias. Tumca, gamokiTxuli sajaro skolebis nawilma
aRiara, rom skolaSi ganTavsebulia religiuri simboloe-
bi an samlocveloebi, miuxedavad imisa, rom araakademiuri
miznebisTvis religiuri simboloebis ganTavseba akrZalu-
lia zogadi ganaTlebis Sesaxeb kanonis me-18 muxlis me-3
punqtiT. skolis direqtorebis mtkicebiT, es xdeba moswav-
leTa da mSobelTa surviliT. nebismier SemTxvevaSi, gamofe-
nili religiuri simboloebi aris mxolod marTlmadidebeli
eklesiis religiuri simboloebi, xatebi da samlocveloebi,
anu kanoni eqskluziurad erTi religiis waxalisebisTvis ir-
Rveva, rac ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministros reagire-
bis gareSe rCeba.
marTlmadidebeli eklesia calsaxa upiratesobiT sarge-
blobs umaRlesi ganaTlebis sferoSic. umaRlesi ganaTlebis
Sesaxeb kanonis me-9 muxlis me-3 punqtis Tanaxmad, marTl-
madidebluri saRvTismetyvelo umaRlesi saganmanaTleblo
dawesebuleba SeiZleba arsebobdes saqarTvelos sapatri-
arqos struqturuli erTeulis an calke kerZo samarTlis
iuridiuli piris saxiT. damatebiT, kanonis 31
1
muxlis Ta-
naxmad, marTlmadideblur saRvTismetyvelo umaRles sagan-
manaTleblo dawesebulebas afuZnebs, mis wesdebas amtkicebs
da kanoniT gaTvaliswinebulisagan gansxvavebul struqtura-
35
sa da marTvis organoebs gansazRvravs, agreTve, akademiuri
xarisxis miniWebis wess adgens sruliad saqarTvelos kaTo-
likos-patriarqi. marTlmadidebluri saRvTismetyvelo sa-
ganmanaTleblo dawesebulebebis Semdgomi privilegirebisT-
vis 89
4
muxlis Tanaxmad, es dawesebulebebi 2015 wlis 1-el
ianvramde iTvlebian avtorizebulad da mxolod amis Semdeg
moeTxovebaT avtorizaciis gavla saqarTvelos kanonmdeblo-
biT dadgenili wesiT, rac rTuli procesia da qveyanaSi ar-
sebuli yvela sxva sajaro da kerZo saganmanaTleblo dawese-
bulebisTvis savaldebuloa.
kanonis doneze ganmtkicebul privilegiebsa da uTanasworo
mopyrobas emateba sajaro skolebis maswavlebelTa damoki-
debulebac,
42
romelic orientirebulia marTlmadidebluri
sarwmunoebis prozelitizmisken, miuxedavad imisa, rom es
akrZalulia zogadi ganaTlebis Sesaxeb saqarTvelos kano-
nis me-18 muxliT. religiuri umciresobebis iehovas mowmeTa
qristianuli organizaciis, meSvide dRis qristian-adventist-
Ta eklesiis, laTin kaTolikeTa eklesiis, qarTvel muslimTa
kavSiris warmomadgenlebi interviuebSi miuTiTebdnen mas-
wavlebelTa mier gakveTilebze agresiuli prozelitizmis,
gansxvavebuli sarwmunoebis moswavleebis gakicxvisa da maTze
zewolis faqtebze.
am mxriv gansakuTrebiT mZime darRvevas hqonda adgili simon
sxirtlaZis saxelobis onis sajaro skolaSi, sadac biologi-
is maswavlebelma mSobelTan SeuTanxmeblad da arasrulwlo-
vanze xangrZlivi zemoqmedebis Semdeg 13 wlis n. g. monaTla
marTlmadidebluri wesiT, miuxedavad imisa, rom moswavlis
ojaxis wevrebis iehovas mowme qristianebi iyvnen da cnobi-
li iyo, rom ojaxi marTlmadidebluri naTlobis winaaRmde-
gi iqneboda. am faqtma arasrulwlovans mZime fsiqologiuri
stresi mia yena, TumcaRa, skolis maswavlebels pasuxismge-
bloba daekisra mxolod skolis Sinaganawesis darRvevisTvis
skolidan moswavlis TviTneburi gaTavisuflebisTvis; di-
reqtoris gadawyvetilebiT religiuri niSniT diskriminaci-
42 ix. adamianis uflebebis swavlebisa da monitoringis centris kvleva religia sajaro
skolebSi, 2014, gv. 11
36

isa da indoqtrinaciis gamo maswavlebels raime pasuxismge-
bloba ar dakisrebia.
43
saqarTvelos ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministros
debulebis Tanaxmad, Sida auditis departamentis uSualo pa-
suxismgeblobaa saministros struqturuli qvedanayofebis,
maT Soris sajaro skolebis saqmianobis saqarTvelos kanon-
mdeblobasTan Sesabamisobis Sefaseba/monitoringi.
44
rodesac
zogadi ganaTlebis Sesaxeb saqarTvelos kanoni ase aSkarad
irRveva, mxolod formaluri axsna-ganmartebiT Semofargvla
da samarTaldarRvevis Sinaganawesis darRvevad dakvalifi-
cireba erTmniSvnelovnad niSnavs, rom Sida auditis departa-
menti Tavis movaleobas ar asrulebs.
aRniSnuli SemTxveva miuTiTebs, rom Sida auditis departa-
menti ar asrulebs misi mandatiT gaTvaliswinebul ufleba-
mosilebebs da ar uzrunvelyofs moswavleebis kanoniT garan-
tirebul uflebas, daculni iyvnen indoqtrinaciisa da pro-
zelitizmisgan.
2.6. saxelmwifo qonebis privatizacia
saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobis kidev erTi sivrce, sadac saqar-
Tvelos marTlmadidebeli eklesia sargeblobs calsaxa upi-
ratesobiT sajaro samarTlis iuridiuli piris formiT reg-
istrirebul sxva religiur organizaciebTan SedarebiT, aris
saxelmwifo qonebis privatizacia. saxelmwifo qonebis Sesa-
xeb saqarTvelos kanonis Tanaxmad, saxelmwifo qonebis SemZeni
SeiZleba iyos fizikuri piri an kerZo samarTlis iuridiuli
piri da saqarTvelos mTavrobis gadawyvetilebiT pirdapiri
miyidvisas aseve saqarTvelos samociqulo avtokefaluri
43 saqarTvelos ganaTlebis da mecnierebis saministros Sida auditis departamentis
ufrosis movaleobis Semsruleblis, giorgi qoCiSvilis werili saqarTvelos saxalxo
damcvelis aparatis marTlmsajulebis departamentis ufross, irakli mJavanaZes, no. 07
219/26267, 24/07/2012.
44 saqarTvelos mTavrobis dadgenileba no. 37 saqarTvelos ganaTlebis da mecnierebis
saministros debulebis damtkicebis Sesaxeb, 2004 wlis 21 maisi, muxli 41, punqti 3,
qvepunqti g.
37
marTlmadidebeli eklesia.
45
aRniSnuli praqtikulad niSnavs
imas, rom sajaro samarTlis iuridiuli piris formiT regis-
trirebul arc erT sxva religiur organizacias ar SeuZlia
pirdapiri miyidvis wesiT saxelmwifo qonebis SemZeni iyos,
garda saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli eklesiisa, romlisTvi-
sac specialuri gamonaklisia daSvebuli. damatebiTi garantiis
saxiT amave muxlSi xazgasmulia, rom marTlmadidebel ekle-
sias aqvs ufleba, usasyidlod moaxdinos saxelmwifo sakuTre-
baSi arsebuli sasoflo-sameurneo miwis privatizeba.
46
igive
garantia gvxvdeba kanonis me-11 muxlSic, romelic damatebiT
saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli eklesiis sakuTrebad acxadebs
mis sargeblobaSi arsebul sasoflo-sameurneo daniSnulebis
miwas.
tolerantobisa da mravalferovnebis institutis (TDI) mier
qonebis marTvis erovnuli saagentodan gamoTxovili infor-
macia cxadyofs, ra aqtiurad iyeneben zemoaRniSnul sakanon-
mdeblo privilegiebs saxelmwifo qonebis praqtikulad usas-
yidlod, erT larad marTlmadidebeli eklesiis sakuTrebaSi
gadasacemad.
mowodebuli informacia adasturebs, rom 2011 wels prezident-
ma gamosca 6 gankarguleba marTlmadidebeli eklesiisTvis
pirdapiri miyidvis wesiT qonebis gadacemis Sesaxeb da sul
mas gadaeca daaxloebiT 12 ha (120 511, 5 kvm) saxelmwifo sa-
kuTrebaSi arsebuli miwa, maTze arsebuli Senoba-nagebobebis
farTis gareSe; 2012 wels gamoica kidev 15 msgavsi Sinaarsis
gankarguleba da sapatriarqos sakuTrebaSi gadaeca daaxloe-
biT 29 ha miwa (299553,8 kvm), isev maTze ganlagebuli Senoba
nagebobebis farTis gareSe; 2013 wels gamoica mxolod 3 gan-
karguleba da sapatriarqom sakuTrebaSi miiRo daaxloebiT 0.6
ha (6207 kvm) miwa saqarTvelos sxvadasxva raionSi, xolo 2014
wels am gankargulebebis odenoba isev gaizarda gamoica 8
gankarguleba da manqanebTan, avtobusebTan, Senoba-nagebobebsa
da sxva inventarTan erTad sapatriarqom miiRo sakuTrebaSi
daaxloebiT 12 ha (120 633 kvm) miwa.
45 saqarTvelos kanoni saxelmwifo qonebis Sesaxeb, 3512rs, 2010 wlis 21 ivlisi,
muxli 2, punqti 1.
46 iqve, muxlis 2, punqti 2.
38

maSin, rodesac yovelwliurad saqarTvelos yvela regionSi
yovelgvari dasabuTebis, saprivatizacio pirobebis dadgenisa
da sasyidlis gareSe sapatriarqos didi Rirebulebis saxel-
mwifo qoneba gadaecema, sxva religiuri organizaciebi ver
axerxeben saxelmwifosgan sakuTrebaSi miiRon miwis mcire na-
kveTebi maTze ganlagebuli SenobebiT, romlebic wlebis gan-
mavlobaSi am religiuri organizaciebis sargeblobaSia da
maTi sakulto nagebobebis funqcias asrulebs.
magaliTad, evangelur-protestantulma eklesiam mimarTa
ekonomikisa da ganviTarebis saagentos mis sargeblobaSi ar-
sebuli miwis nakveTisa da masze ganTavsebuli saxelmwifo
sakuTrebaSi arsebuli Senobis privatizebis TxovniT, razec
2014 wlis ianvarSi ssip saxelmwifo qonebis erovnuli saagen-
tosgan uari miiRo. uaris safuZvels warmoadgenda zemoxsen-
ebuli saxelmwifo qonebis Sesaxeb saqarTvelos kanonis me-3
muxlis pirveli punqti, romlis Tanaxmadac, sajaro samarTlis
iuridiul pirs pirdapiri miyidvis wesiT saxelmwifo qoneba
ver gadaecema. saxelmwifo qonebis erovnulma saagentom mniS-
vnelovnad ar CaTvala is, rom saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobis
Tanaxmad, sajaro samarTlis iuridiuli piris formiT regis-
trirebul religiur organizaciebze sajaro samarTlis iu-
ridiuli piris Sesaxeb saqarTvelos kanoni ar vrceldeba da
Tavisi arsiTa da samarTlebrivi reJimis TvalsazrisiT aseTi
religiuri organizaciebi kerZo samarTlis iuridiul pirTan
gaTanabrebuli pirebi arian.
saxelmwifo sakuTrebaSi arsebuli 576 kvm miwis nakveTis
privatizeba surs saqarTvelos saxarebis rwmenis eklesia-
sac quTaisSi, radgan is am nakveTiT 1998 wlidan sargeblobs
da aqve atarebs RvTismsaxurebas. maTac mimarTes privatize-
bis TxovniT ekonomikisa da ganviTarebis saministros, Tumca,
maRali albaTobiT maTi samarTlebrivi statusis gamo isinic
ver SeZleben am qonebis sakuTrebad registrirebas.
39
3. sabWoTa kavSiris memkvidreoba religiur
organizaciebTan dakavSirebiT
3.1. sabWoTa kavSiris dros miyenebuli zianis anazRaureba
saqarTvelos mTavrobam 2014 wlis 27 ianvris dadgenilebis Ta-
naxmad, miiRo gadawyvetileba, saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli
eklesiis sapatriarqos garda, damatebiT oTxi religiuri jgu-
fisTvis aenazRaurebina sabWoTa periodSi miyenebuli materi-
aluri da moraluri ziani. ziani nawilobriv aunazRaurdebaT
2014 wlis 27 ianvramde sajaro samarTlis iuridiuli piris
samarTlebrivi formiT registrirebul islamuri, iudeuri,
romaul-kaTolikuri da somxuri samociqulo aRmsareblobis
mqone religiur gaerTianebebs. Tumca, gaurkvevelia, ra kri-
teriumis gamoyenebiT an ra istoriul monacemebze dayrdno-
biT SeirCa mxolod es oTxi konfesia maSin, roca sabWoTa ka-
vSirSi analogiurad idevnebodnen sxva religiuri jgufebic
(iezidebi, luTerelebi, kriSnaitebi da sxv.). dazaralebulTa-
gan mxolod oTxi konfesiis SerCeva diskriminaciuli mopyro-
bis kidev erTi magaliTia.
sazogadod, samarTlebrivad zianis anazRaureba emsaxure-
ba konkretuli pirisTvis samarTlebrivad daculi inter-
esis Selaxvis gamosworebas. amisTvis, saWiroa ganisazRvros
konkretuli istoriuli movleniT an movlenebiT dazarale-
buli piri an pirebi, qmedebebi, romlebmac uSualod gamoi-
wvies ziani da bolos, dadgindes zianis odenoba. mTavrobis
gansaxilveli dadgenileba arc erT am elements ar Seicavs.
mTavroba ar dainteresebula imis garkveviT, kerZod, ro-
mel religiur gaerTianebebs miadgaT ziani sabWoTa reJimis
dros da TviTneburad SearCia oTxi religiuri aRmsarebloba
anu dazaralebul pirTa wre ganisazRvra istoriuli kri-
teriumebis gverdis avliT. aseve, ganmartebidan gamomdinare,
gaurkvevelia gamowveuli zianis odenobac: ucnobia... zianis
zusti odenoba da amdenad, zianis anazRaureba ganxorcieldeba
simbolurad saxelmwifo biujetidan Tanxis yovelwliurad
gamoyofis gziT. amasTan, Tu erTi religiuri aRmsarebloba
warmodgenilia ramdenime sajaro samarTlis iuridiuli piris
40

mier, maT moeTxovebaT erT iuridiul pirad gaerTianeba, sa-
koordinacio sabWos Seqmna, an erT-erTi gaerTianebis sasarge-
blod anazRaurebis uflebis daTmoba, imisTvis, rom religiur
gaerTianebaze Tanxis gacema moxdes.
yovelive zemoaRniSnulis gaTvaliswinebiT, SeiZleba
davaskvnaT, rom adgili aqvs ara sabWoTa kavSiris mier mi-
yenebuli zianis anazRaurebas, aramed gaurkveveli da gaumWvir-
vale procesis Sedegad SerCeuli religiuri gaerTianebebis
dafinansebis gegmas, rac, erTi mxriv, SeiZleba ganpirobebuli
iyos uSualod am religiuri gaerTianebebis dafinansebis mo-
tiviT, meore mxriv ki, miznad isaxavdes saqarTvelos sapatri-
arqosTvis wlebis ganmavlobaSi miniWebuli sabiujeto saxsre-
bis Semdgom legitimacias imis warmoCinebiT, rom saqarTvelos
marTlmadidebeli eklesiis garda sxva religiuri gaerTiane-
bebic sargebloben sajaro resursebiT. Sesabamisad, SeiZleba
davaskvnaT, rom maRali albaTobiT zianis anazRaurebis dadge-
nileba mimarTulia ara uTanasworo mopyrobis aRmofxvrisken,
aramed arsebuli uTanasworo mopyrobis SenarCunebisken da,
imavdroulad, qmnis uTanasworobis axal talRas CamoTvlil
oTx aRmsareblobasa da sabWoTa kavSiris dros dazaralebul
sxva religiur gaerTianebebs Soris, romlebic amis miuxedavad
daxmarebas ver miiReben.
2014 wlis 13 marts saqarTvelos mTavrobam miiRo N437 gan-
karguleba saqarTveloSi arsebuli religiuri gaerTiane-
bebisTvis sabWoTa totalitaruli reJimis dros miyenebuli
zianis nawilobriv anazRaurebasTan dakavSirebuli zogierTi
RonisZiebis Sesaxeb. aRniSnuli gankargulebis mixedviT, anaz-
Raurebis mizniT 2014 wels saqarTvelos mTavrobis sarezervo
fondidan gamosayofi Tanxa ganisazRvra 3 500 000 (sami milion
xuTasi aTasi) laris odenobiT. aRniSnuli Tanxis ganawilebis
pirobebis gansazRvra, iseve rogorc anazRaureba, daevala ssip
religiis sakiTxTa saxelmwifo saagentos. am mimarTulebiT
sxva nabijebi jerjerobiT ar gadadgmula.
41
3.2. sabWoTa kavSiris dros CamorTmeuli qonebis restitucia
20 welze metia, rac religiuri gaerTianebebi, somexTa samoci-
qulo eklesiis eparqia saqarTveloSi, kaTolike eklesia, evan-
gelur-luTeruli eklesia, muslimTa Temi da iudauri Temis
warmomadgenlebi sabWoTa reJimis dros CamorTmeuli qonebis
restitucias sxvadasxva mizezis gamo ver axerxeben.
sabWoTa kavSiris daSlis Semdeg, sapatriarqom sargeblobisa
da sakuTrebis uflebiT marTlmadidebluri taZrebi daibru-
na, Tumca sapatriarqosTvis gadacemul qristianul sakulto
nagebobebs Soris, marTlmadideblurTan erTad, is eklesiebic
aRmoCnda, romlebic istoriulad sxva religiur gaerTiane-
bebs ekuTvnoda. amasTanave, daubrunebeli darCa sabWoTa pe-
riodSi CamorTmeuli is religiuri daniSnulebis nagebobebi,
romlebic sapatriarqos interess ar warmoadgenda, saxelm-
wifo an kerZo mflobelobaSi iricxeboda da sazogadoebrivi
daniSnulebiT funqcionirebda (mag. Teatri, sportuli darba-
zi, biblioTeka da a.S.).
amJamad, somexTa samociqulo marTlmadidebeli eklesia
saxelmwifosgan eqvsi taZris dabrunebas iTxovs. maTgan xuTi
TbilisSi da erTi axalcixis municipalitetSi mdebareobs.
restituciis gaWianurebis gamo, somxuri taZrebi, romlebic
saqarTvelos kulturuli memkvidreobis Zeglebs warmoadgens,
droTa ganmavlobaSi, mniSvnelovnad ziandeba an/da ingreva.
zog SemTxvevaSi ki, maTi iersaxe mizanmimarTulad icvleba da
maxinjdeba. kaTolike eklesia ver ibrunebs quTaisis, goris,
baTumis, ivlitasa (axalcixis municipaliteti) da udes (adige-
nis municipaliteti) eklesiebs. evangelur-luTeruli eklesia
iTxovs sofel asureTis moqmedi sakulto nagebobisa da bol-
nisSi eklesiis Senobis dabrunebas, romelSic amJamad sportu-
li darbazia ganTavsebuli.
religiuri umciresobebisTvis aRniSnuli sakulto nage-
bobebis restituciis problema mougvarebelia, radgan maTze
sakuTrebis pretenzias saqarTvelos sapatriarqo acxadebs, an
42

saxelmwifom es taZrebi marTlmadidebel eklesias sakuTrebis
uflebiT ukve gadasca.
saqarTveloSi ufunqcio meCeTebisa da sinagogebis sakuTrebis
uflebiT dabrunebis sakiTxi problemuria muslimuri da iu-
dauri TemebisTvisac.
religiurma umciresobebma istoriuli samarTlianobis aR-
dgenisa da Senobebis kanonieri mesakuTrisTvis dabrunebis
mizniT sasamarTlos or SemTxvevaSi mimarTes. qvemoT, aR-
niSnul saqmeebze sasamarTlo gadawyvetilebebis analizia war-
modgenili.
43
3.2.1. sinagogis saqme
religiuri organizaciebisTvis sabWoTa kavSiris dros Camor-
Tmeuli qonebis dabrunebis TvalsazrisiT mniSvnelovania
saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba ebraelTa
sinagogis saqmeze, romelic 2001 wlis 10 aprils iqna miRebu-
li.
47
saqme exeboda TbilisSi arsebul Senobas, romelic Tbilisis
ebraelTa religiuri sazogadoebis mtkicebiT warmoadgenda
ebraelTa Temis samlocvelos da romelic maT CamoarTves ga-
suli saukunis 30-ian wlebSi. saqarTvelos premier-ministris
1994 wlis gankargulebis Tanaxmad, adgilobriv organoebs unda
uzrunveleyoT sxva kulturul-istoriul obieqtebTan erTad,
ebraelTa salocavebis dabruneba kanonieri mflobelebisT-
vis. Sesabamisad, qalaq Tbilisis municipalitetis kabinetis
1995 wlis 22 ivnisis dadgenilebiT, TbilisSi, aTonelis q.
10-Si mdebare Senoba sakuTrebis uflebiT gadaeca ebraelTa
religiur sazogadoebas. Tumca, 1988 wlidan Senoba flobi-
sa da sargeblobis uflebiT gadacemuli hqonda saxelmwifos
axalgazrdul dramatul Teatr-studia m.T.-s, romelmac, Ta-
vis mxriv, saijaro xelSekrulebis safuZvelze Senoba gadasca
j.b.-is saxelobis Tbilisis ... instituts. Teatr-studiam da
institutma jer saarbitraJo, xolo am ukanasknelis gauqme-
bis Semdeg, saerTo sasamarTloebSi daiwyes dava ebraelTa
religiuri sazogadoebisTvis Senobis gadacemis Sesaxeb dadge-
nilebis baTilad cnobis moTxovniT. sapasuxo moTxovnis saxiT,
ebraelTa religiuri sazogadoeba moiTxovda maT gamosaxle-
bas sadavo Senobidan. m. T. da j.b.-is saxelobis Tbilisis ...
institutis erT-erTi argumenti, ris gamoc unda gauqmebuli-
yo q. Tbilisis municipalitetis kabinetis 1995 wlis 22 ivnisis
dadgenileba, imaSi mdgomareobda, rom sadavo Senoba ar war-
moadgenda ebraelTa sakulto nagebobas, xolo ebraelTa re-
ligiuri sazogadoeba ar warmoadgenda samarTalsubieqts da
47 saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlos administraciuli da sxva kategoriis saqmeTa
palatis gadawyvetileba no. 3b/ad132, 10 aprili, 2001.
44

Sesabamisad, misTvis Senobis gadacemas ar hqonda raime samarT-
lebrivi safuZveli.
saqarTvelos uzenaesma sasamarTlom miiCnia, rom sadavo Seno-
bis sakulto xasiaTi ar warmoadgenda davis sagans, magram am
sakiTxis garkveva mniSvnelovani iyo imis dasadgenad, hqonda Tu
ara faqtobrivi safuZveli ebraelTa religiur sazogadoebas
sadavo Senobis dabrunebis moTxovnisTvis. sasamarTlom Seafa-
sa istoriuli mtkicebulebebi Senobis warmoSobis Taobaze da
miiCnia, rom sadavo Senobis dabrunebis moTxovnas faqtobrivi
safuZveli hqonda da Sesabamisad, ZalaSi datova municipalite-
tis kabinetis dadgenilebis is nawili, romelic exeboda sada-
vo Senobis yofili samlocvelo darbazis gadacemas ebraelTa
religiuri sazogadoebisTvis, xolo dadgenilebis is nawili,
romelic exeboda Senobis sxva nawilis gadacemas, baTilad cno.
qvemoT ganxiluli kaTolikuri eklesiis saqmeze gada-
wyvetilebis gaTvaliswinebiT, gansakuTrebiT sainteresoa
uzenaesi sasamarTlos msjeloba imis Taobaze, iyo Tu ara
qarTvel ebraelTa kavSiri procesSi monawileobis uflebis
mqone piri, miuxedavad imisa, rom is ar warmoadgenda iuridi-
ul pirs: marTalia, kanoniT dRemde ar aris gansazRvruli
religiur organizaciaTa samarTlebrivi statusi, magram es
ar niSnavs imas, rom is gamocxadebulia kanongareSed da rom
aseT organizaciebs (morwmune pirebis gaerTianebebs) ara aqvT
TavianTi konstituciuri uflebebisa da Tavisuflebebis ga-
rantiebi... sadavo dadgenilebiT... Tbilisis morwmune qarTvel
ebraelTa sazogadoebas warmoeSva uflebebi da movaleobebi,
romelic mas saproceso uflebaunarianobiT aRWuravs. [maTi]
monawileoba ganpirobebuli iyo ara maTi damoukidebeli
sarCeliT, aramed maTi konstituciuri uflebebis dacviT.
48

ebraelTa religiuri sazogadoebis moTxovna nawilobriv da-
kmayofilda da mas daudginda sakuTrebis ufleba sadavo Se-
nobis im nawilze, sadac sasamarTlom miiCnia, rom dadasturda
sakulto nagebobis arseboba (wilobrivi TanasakuTreba).
amdenad, am saqmeSi religiurma organizaciam sakuTrebis aRd-
gena moaxerxa, miuxedavad imisa, rom samarTlebrivad ar war-
48 iqve.
45
moadgenda religiur organizacias da amisTvis gadamwyveti iyo
Senobis warmomavlobis istoriuli mtkicebulebebi da ebrael-
Ta religiuri sazogadoebisTvis Senobis dabrunebis Sesaxeb
municipalitetis kabinetis gadawyvetileba. rogorc vnaxavT,
kaTolikeTa eklesiis mier quTaisSi eklesiis dabrunebis mcde-
lobisas sasamarTlom gansxvavebuli, bevrad formalisturi
midgoma airCia.
3.2.2. laTin kaTolikeTa eklesiis saqme
laTin kaTolikeTa eklesia erT-erTia saqarTveloSi maT
Soris, vinc ver axerxebs sabWoTa kavSiris dros CamorT-
meuli taZrebis dabrunebas. quTaisSi kaTolikuri eklesiis
dabrunebisTvis gamarTuli samarTalwarmoeba naTels fens
samarTlebrivi problemebis mTel rigs, rasac awydeba reli-
giuri umciresoba Tavisi sakuTrebis aRdgenis gzaze, gansa-
kuTrebiT, rodesac marTlmadidebeli eklesia sadavo qone-
bas eufleba da masze pretenzia uCndeba.
2000 wels dasavleT saqarTvelos kaTolikurma mrevlma
sabWoTa kavSiris dros quTaisSi CamorTmeuli eklesiis dasa-
bruneblad daafuZna kavSiri savardi.
2001 wlis 21 dekembers kavSirma savardi saqarTvelos
prezidentis mier administraciuli aqtis gamocemis moTxov-
niT Tbilisis saolqo sasamarTlos sarCeliT mimarTa. sa-
samarTlom sarCeli ar daakmayofila da ganmarta, rom sada-
vo nageboba 1990 wlidan marTlmadidebel eklesias gadaeca,
xolo 2002 wlis konstituciuri SeTanxmebis me-7 muxlis pir-
veli punqtis mixedviT, sapatriarqos sakuTrebas warmoad-
gens. damatebiT, sasamarTlom miiCnia, rom kavSiri savardi
ar warmoadgenda kaTolike eklesiis samarTalmemkvidres.
kavSirma savardi saolqo sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba saka-
sacio wesiT gaasaCivra. saqarTvelos uzenaesma sasamarTlom
imsjela Semdeg samarTlebriv sakiTxebze:
46

2000 wels dafuZnebuli kerZo samarTlis iuridiuli
piri kavSiri savardi warmoadgenda Tu ara XIX-XX
saukuneebSi saqarTveloSi moRvawe romis kaTolike
eklesiis religiuri sazogadoebis samarTalmemkvidres.
1939 wels qarTvel kaTolike morwmuneTa
sazogadoebisTvis CamorTmeuli taZari warmoadgenda
Tu ara saqarTvelos samociqulo avtokefaluri
marTlmadidebeli eklesiis qonebas saqmis ganxilvis
momentisTvis.
arsebobda Tu ara samarTlebrivi safuZveli, raTa
prezidents Tavisi aqtiT gadaeca sadavo eklesia
savardisTvis, rodesac eklesia 2003 wlis 6
martidan registrirebuli iyo sajaro
reestrSi saqarTvelos samociqulo avtokefaluri
marTlmadidebeli eklesiis saxelze.
sasamarTlom samive kiTxvaze uaryofiTi pasuxi gasca. uzenaes-
ma sasamarTlom CaTvala, rom kavSiri savardi ar iyo XIX-XX
saukuneebSi saqarTveloSi romis kaTolike eklesiis religi-
uri sazogadoebis samarTalmemkvidre, radgan es ar dastur-
deboda misi sadamfuZneblo dokumentaciiT. amierkavkasiaSi
kaTolike eklesiis samociqulo administratoris, monsinior
juzepe pazotos werili adasturebda, rom savardi iyo romis
wminda saydris mier aRiarebuli, warsulSi moqmedi kaTolike
religiuri gaerTianebebis erTaderTi memkvidre organizacia.
aRniSnuli mtkicebuleba sasamarTlom ugulebelyo rogorc
gaurkveveli samarTlebrivi statusis mqone, im mizeziT, rom
saqarTveloSi vatikanis warmomadgenlobas ar mouxdenia am in-
stitutebis legitimacia.
erTi mxriv, gaurkvevelia, ratom ar moiTxova sasamarTlom am
tipis legitimaciis mtkicebulebis warmodgena vatikanis war-
momadgenlobisgan an Tavad mxarisgan, maSin rodesac adminis-
traciuli procesis mTavari ganmasxvavebeli niSani inkvizici-
urobaa da sasamarTlos sakuTari iniciativiT SeuZlia mtkice-
bulebebis mopoveba. amis nacvlad, sasamarTlo Semoifargla
47
mxolod mxaris mier wardgenili mtkicebulebis gaqarwylebiT
da sxva ufro rTuli kriteriumebis SemuSaveba ar ucdia imis
gamosarkvevad, SeiZleboda Tu ara kavSiri savardi istori-
ulad arsebuli kaTolike religiuri organizaciebis samar-
Talmemkvidred CaTvliliyo. es midgoma kontrasts qmnis zemo-
ganxiluli sinagogis gadawyvetilebasTan, sadac samarTalmem-
kvidre ebraelTa religiuri sazogadoeba agreTve ar war-
moadgenda araTu religiur organizacias, iuridiul pirsac ki.
amisda miuxedavad, sasamarTlom CaTvala, rom sakanonmdeblo
regulirebis ararsebobas am sakiTxze ar unda SeeSala xeli
organizaciis konstituciuri uflebebis dacvisTvis. laTin
kaTolikeTa saqmeSi savardis, rogorc kaTolike Temis in-
teresebis damcveli organizaciis, konstituciur uflebebze
sadavo eklesiaze msjeloba saerTod ar gamarTula da sakiTxi
misi samarTlebrivi statusis formaluri SefasebiT amoiwura.
damatebiT, uzenaesma sasamarTlom CaTvala, rom sadavo eklesia,
romelic 1939 wlamde kaTolikeTa religiuri RvTismsaxure-
bis adgils warmoadgenda, davis momentSi marTlmadidebluri
eklesia iyo. dadginda, rom 1988-1989 wlebSi q. quTaisis kaTo-
likurma sazogadoebam 1939 wels CamorTmeuli eklesiis Senobis
dabrunebis moTxovniT quTaisis xelmZRvanelobas ramdenjerme
mimarTa SuamdgomlobiT. maTi Txovnis dakmayofilebis na-
cvlad, ssr kavSiris ministrTa sabWos religiis saqmeTa sabWom
1989 wels eklesia sargeblobisTvis gadasca marTlmadidebel
morwmuneTa sazogadoebas. amasTan, saqarTvelos ssr ministrTa
sabWos 1990 wlis 12 aprils miRebuli dadgenilebiT, saqarTve-
los sapatriarqos sargeblobaSi arsebuli yvela sakulto nage-
boba mis sakuTrebad gamocxadda. rogorc uzenaesma sasamarT-
lom aRniSna, zemoaRniSnuli administraciuli aqtebi aravis
gauuqmebia, dResac kanonier ZalaSia da amdenad, 1989-1990
wlebidan quTaisis RvTismSoblis xarebis eklesia qarTuli
marTlmadidebeli eklesiaa. damatebiT, sasamarTlom miuTi-
Ta 2002 wlis oqtomberSi saxelmwifosa da sapatriarqos So-
ris dadebuli konstituciuri SeTanxmebis me-7 muxlis pirvel
punqtze: saxelmwifo eklesiis sakuTrebad cnobs saqarTve-
los mTel teritoriaze arsebul marTlmadideblur taZrebs,
monastrebs.... aRniSnulis safuZvelze gakeTda daskvna, rom
48

radgan sadavo eklesia quTaisi-gaenaTis saxelze iyo regis-
trirebuli sajaro reestrSi, sadavo eklesia sapatriarqos
sakuTrebas warmoadgenda.
aq marTebuli iqneba Sedareba anCisxatis taZris ezoSi arse-
bul Senobaze miRebul gadawyvetilebasTan (zemoT, II.4 nawili).
iqac oficialurad Senoba kulturisa da ZeglTa dacvis fond-
ma dairegistrira, magram sasamarTlom gaiTvaliswina isto-
riuli mtkicebulebebi, rom is sakulto nagebobis anCisxatis
nawils saepiskoposo saxls warmoadgenda da gaauqma fondis
sakuTrebis registracia. am SemTxvevaSi, Tavad is faqti, rom
eklesia ukve sapatriarqos sakuTrebad iyo registrirebuli,
kaTolikeTa moTxovnaze uaris Tqmis avtomaturi safuZveli
gaxda da sasamarTlos arc ucdia Seefasebina, ramdenad kanoni-
eri da safuZvliani iyo marTlmadidebeli eklesiis mier aR-
niSnul taZarze sakuTrebis uflebis registracia.
rac Seexeba konstituciuri SeTanxmebis me-7 muxlis argu-
ments, iq sakmaod naTladaa gadmocemuli midgoma: eklesia an
monasteri upirvelesad marTlmadidebluri unda iyos da es
aris piroba misi sapatriarqos sakuTrebad gamocxadebisT-
vis. amis nacvlad, sasamarTlo gadawyvetilebebSi mocemulia
sapirispiro msjeloba: iqidan gamomdinare, rom konkretuli
eklesia saqarTvelos samociqulo avtokefaluri marTlma-
didebeli eklesiis saxelzea registrirebuli, amitom unda
CaiTvalos marTlmadideblurad. es aris konstituciuri Se-
Tanxmebis me-7 muxlis diskriminaciuli interpretaciis na-
Teli magaliTi. savardis mier warmodgenili istoriuli
mtki cebulebebis safuZvelze sasamarTlos swored imaze
unda emsjela, iyo Tu ara eklesia marTlmadidebluri, rac
meore etapze misi amJamindeli mesakuTris sapatriarqos
kanoniere bis Semowmebis saSualebas Seqmnida. amis nacvlad,
sakuTrebis registracia eklesiis marTlmadidebluri warmo-
mavlobis damadasturebel mtkicebulebad iqna gamoyenebuli
da TavisTavad amoiwura eklesiaze sakuTrebis uflebisTvis
davis SesaZlebloba, rac kaTolike Temis interesebis sruli
ugulebelyofiT moxda.
49
es gadawyvetileba sinagogisa da anCisxatis eklesiis saqmisgan
imiTac gamoirCeva, rom wina or SemTxvevaSi eklesiis warmomav-
lobis Sesaxeb istoriul mtkicebulebebs gadamwyveti mniSvne-
loba hqonda sakuTrebis sakiTxis gadasawyvetad, gansaxilvel
SemTxvevaSi ki sasamarTlos saerTod ar umsjelia eklesiis
warmomavlobaze. Tumca, am mxriv, arc aravis gauxdia sadavod
is faqti, rom saqme namdvilad 1939 wels CamorTmeul kaToli-
kur eklesias exeboda.
sakasacio sasamarTlom miiCnia, rom mosarCelis moTxovna, rom
prezidents gamoeca aqti, romliTac mas sargeblobaSi gadae-
cemoda sadavo eklesia, safuZvels moklebuli iyo, radgan sa-
davo sakuTreba aRar warmoadgenda saxelmwifo sakuTrebas.
sadavo qoneba ukve sapatriarqos sakuTreba iyo da Sesabami-
sad, prezidents ar hqonda uflebamosileba am eklesiis gamo
davaSi Carevisa.
imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom sapatriarqos sadavo eklesiaze
sakuTrebis ufleba efuZneboda Tanaswori mopyrobis prin-
cipebis ugulebelyofiT miRebul ramdenime administraciul
aqts, gamosavali swored am aqtebis gauqmebasa da axali ad-
ministraciuli aqtis gamocemis gziT sakuTrebis sakiTxis xe-
laxla gadawyvetaSi mdgomareobda. Sesabamisad, bolo sakiTxze
sasamarTlos pasuxi warmoadgenda davis arsis ignorirebas, ka-
Tolike sazogadoebis Selaxuli sakuTrebis da religiuri in-
teresis gamo saxelmwifosTvis pasuxismgeblobis moxsnis mcde-
lobasa da axali mesakuTrisken sapatriarqosken mosarCelis
gadamisamarTebas.
am gadawyvetilebam cudi precedenti Seqmna marTlmadidebe-
li eklesiis mier arasworad registrirebuli sakulto nage-
bobebis dabrunebis perspeqtivis TvalsazrisiT. Tavad laTin
kaTolikeebsac aRar udaviaT maTi sxva eklesiebis dasabruneb-
lad sasamarTlo wesiT. yovelive es miuTiTebs, rom sasamarT-
lom am tipis davebSi ver SeZlo istoriuli samarTliano-
bis aRdgenisa da kaTolike Temis konstituciuri uflebebis
damcvelis rolis Sesruleba, riTac religiuri umciresobis
uflebrivi dacvis mdgomareoba kidev ufro gauaresda.
50

4. religiuri Seuwynareblobis motiviT
Cadenili samarTaldarRvevebi da
marTlmsajulebis aRsruleba
2007 wels adamianis uflebaTa evropulma sasamarTlom miiRo
gadawyvetileba saqmeze gldanis kongregaciis 97 wevri da 4 sxva
piri saqarTvelos winaaRmdeg.
49
aRniSnul saqmeSi, romelic exe-
boda mama basilisa da misi momxreebis Tavdasxmasa da Zaladobas
iehovas mowme qristianebze 1999 wels, adamianis uflebaTa evro-
pulma sasamarTlom daadgina konvenciis me-3 muxlis darRveva
kargad dokumentirebul Zaladobis faqtebze xelisuflebis or-
ganoebis umoqmedobisa da saTanado da miukerZoebeli gamoZiebis
Catarebis valdebulebis darRvevis gamo. darRveulad CaiTvala
agreTve konvenciis me-9 muxli, radgan xelisuflebam ver uzrun-
velyo tolerantuli garemo, sadac mosarCeleebi moaxerxebdnen,
esargeblaT TavianTi rwmenis TavisuflebiT. me-9 da me-3 mux-
lTan mimarTebiT konvenciis me-14 muxlis darRvevasTan dakav-
SirebiT sasamarTlom aRniSna, rom xelisuflebis organoebi Ta-
vianTi umoqmedobiT mama basilsa da mis momxreebs siZulviliT
motivirebuli gamosvlebisa da religiuri niSniT Zaladobis sa-
Sualebas aZlevdnen da praqtikulad misi Zaladobis Tanamonawi-
leebi iyvnen, riTac aSkarad arRvevdnen kanonis winaSe yvela
piris Tanasworobis princips.
amdenad, religiuri diskriminaciiT motivirebuli samarTal-
darRvevebis SemTxvevaSi, xelisuflebis organoebis mier
efeqturi zomebis miReba pasuxismgebeli pirebis gamosav-
lenad da dasasjelad TavisTavad gamomdinareobs adamianis
arasaTanado mopyrobisgan dacvisa da diskriminaciis akrZal-
vis uflebidan.
saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kanonmdebloba, iseve ro-
gorc administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kanonmdebloba,
Seicavs mTel rig debulebebs religiuri Seuwynareblobis
niSniT Cadenili danaSaulebis aRsakveTad, agreTve, sityvi-
er Seuracxyofaze (ginebaze, Seuracxmyofel gadakidebaze)
administraciuli pasuxismgeblobis dasakisreblad. imis Sesa-
49 saqme gldanis kongregaciis 97 wevri da oTxi sxva piri saqarTvelos winaaRmdeg,
ganac. 71156/01, 2007 wlis 3 maisi.
51
mowmeblad, Tu ramdenad efeqturad xorcieldeba am reli-
giuri Seuwynareblobis motiviT Cadenil samarTaldarRveve-
bze marTlmsajuleba, tolerantobisa da mravalferovnebis
institutma sisxlis samarTlis Sesabamis muxlebTan daka-
vSirebiT devnisa da msjavrdadebis statistika gamoiTxova
saqarTvelos mTavari prokuraturidan da saqarTvelos uze-
naesi sasamarTlodan, agreTve, Sesabamisi gadawyvetilebebis
misaRebad mimarTa saqarTveloSi arsebul yvela saerTo sa-
samarTlos. xelisuflebis organoebidan miRebuli infor-
maciis Sedareba iehovas mowmeTa organizaciis mier warmoe-
bul samarTaldarRvevis faqtebis statistikasTan saSualebas
iZleva davaskvnaT, Tu ramdenad efeqturi iyo saqmis gamoZie-
ba da damnaSaveTa samarTlebrivi devna.
bolo nawilSi ganxilulia sasamarTlos Sesabamisi gada-
wyvetilebebi da samarTlis ganmartebis problemebi.
4.1. iehovas mowmeTa qristianuli organizaciis
mier aRricxuli samarTaldarRvevebi da
maTi samarTlebrivi Sedegebi
iehovas mowmeebTan saubrisas gamoikveTa, rom gasuli wlebis
ganmavlobaSi adgili hqonda mravlobiT SemTxvevas, rodesac
iehovas mowmeebs religiuri wesebis mSvidobiani Sesrulebis
procesSi an religiuri aRmsareblobis gamo ayenebdnen sityvi-
er da fizikur Seuracxyofas, an azianebdnen RvTismsaxurebi-
sTvis gankuTvnil Senobebs samefo darbazebs, amtvrevdnen
fanjrebs an abrebs. rogorc iehovas mowmeebis warmomadgenel-
ma intervius dros ganacxada, amgvari SemTxvevebis ricxvi 2012
wels 10-mde iyo, 2013 wels ki 40-s gadaaWarba. es SeiZleba aix-
snas imiT, rom sisxlissamarTlebrivi devna an administraci-
uli pasuxismgebloba SedarebiT iSviaTad ekisrebaT am tipis
samarTaldarRvevebisTvis, maSinac ki, rodesac Seuracxyofis
mimyenebeli piri identificirebulia da imeorebs kidec dana-
Saulebriv qmedebas.
52

amis STambeWdavi magaliTia sasuliero piri i. x., romelmac si-
tyvieri da fizikuri Seuracxyofa miayena iehovas mowmeebs, o.
y.-s da i. c.-s 2013 wlis 6 oqtombers kaspis raionis sofel ax-
alqalaqSi. ramdenime wliT adre, 2008 wlis 9 dekembers, imave
pirma iehovas mowmeebis sxva mimdevrebs, kerZod, b. o.-s da p.
m.-s, miayena fizikuri Seuracxyofa, xolo 23 dekembers si-
tyvieri Seuracxyofa; agreTve, daemuqra maT cemiT. b. o.-sa da
p. m.-s mimarT igive gaimeora 2009 wlis 3 ivliss. kidev ufro
adre ki, 2007 wlis 20 marts, i. x. cdilobda iehovas mowmeebis
i. g-sa da i. z.-s eklesiaSi Zalis gamoyenebiT Seyvanas.
2008 wels ganxorcielebuli Seuracxmyofeli da Zaladobrivi
aqtebis pasuxad, Sss kaspis raionul sammarTveloSi daiwyo wi-
naswari gamoZieba sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 155-e muxliT
gaTvaliswinebuli danaSaulis safuZvelze (religiuri wesis
aRsrulebisTvis ukanono xelis SeSla). Tumca, 2009 wlis 12
apriliT daTariRebuli goris raionuli prokuroris moadg-
ilis pasuxidan Cans, rom winaswari gamoZieba 2009 wlis 30 ian-
vars Sewyda da i. x.-s mimarT samarTlebrivi devna ar dawyeb-
ula.
Ziebis Sewyvetis Taobaze aseTi Sinaarsis dokumenti Sedga:
saqmeze Catarebuli gamoZiebiT gamoirkva, rom... mRvdelma i.
x.-m soflis quCaSi myof b. o.-s xeli Caavlo halstuxSi da ra-
modenimejer ubiZga, Semdeg zurgis areSi xeli Caartya, ris
Semdeg iehovas mowmeebma gaqceviT uSveles Tavs. 2008 wlis
23 dekembers... i. x.-m saxalxod amxila cru moZRvrebaSi p. m.
da b. o. ... b. o. Seepasuxa mas, ra drosac mRvdelma i. x.-m xeli
Semoartya saxeSi da Seagina dedis misamarTiT...
mowmeTa dakiTxviT dadgenilia, rom iehovas mowmeebs i. x.
xvdeboda mxolod quCaSi. maTTvis janmrTelobis dazianebebi
ar miuyenebia da Zaladoba an Zaladobis muqara ar ganuxor-
cielebia. igi arasodes ar misula iehovas mimdevrebisTvis spe-
cialurad gamoyofil saxlSi da xeli ar SeuSlia maTi reli-
giuri wesis aRsrulebisTvis.
53
2009 wlis 30 ianvars sisxlis samarTlis N028090017 saqmeze
Sewyda winaswari gamoZieba sisxlis samarTlis kanoniT gaT-
valiswinebuli qmedebis ararsebobis gamo.
50
aRniSnuli dokumenti, erTi mxriv, ucnaurad gamoiyureba
sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 155-e muxlis Sinaarsis gaTval-
iswinebiT, romlis mixedviTac dasjadia RvTismsaxurebis an
sxva religiuri wesisa Tu Cveulebis aRsrulebisaTvis ukanon-
od xelis SeSla ZaladobiT an Zaladobis muqariT, anda Tu
mas axlda morwmunis an RvTismsaxuris religiuri grZnobis
Seuracxyofa. gaugebaria, saidan daaskvna goris prokuratur-
am, rom quCaSi ar SeiZleba religiuri wesis Sesrulebas Se-
uSalon xeli 155-e muxlis miznebisTvis da ra nawilSi moiTx-
ovs 155-e muxli specialurad gamoyofil saxlSi misvlas am
mizniT? gaugebaria isic, fizikuri Zaladobis (zurgis areSi
xeli Caartya, ramodenimejer ubiZga, xeli Semoartya saxe-
Si) qmedebebis aRweris Semdeg, rogor daaskvna prokuraturam,
rom dazaralebulebis mimarT adgili ar hqonia Zaladobas,
an Tu 155-e muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli danaSaulis niSnebi ar
iyo, ratom ar gadakvalificirda Cadenili danaSauli sisxlis
samarTlis kodeqsis 125-e muxliT gaTvaliswinebul cemis da-
naSaulad.
2009 wels sruliad dausabuTebeli gadawyvetilebis miRebiT
SeiZleba aixsnas is, rom i. x. 2013 welsac agrZelebda ieho-
vas mowmeebis fizikur da sityvier Seuracxyofas da sxvebsac
aZlevda imaves gakeTebis magaliTs, rac dasturdeba kaspis
raionis policiis raionul sammarTveloSi iuridiuli firmis,
amxanagobis kanoniereba da samarTali kavkasiaSi 2013 wlis
24 oqtombers gagzavnili N13-028 weriliT. Sinagan saqmeTa
saministros sapasuxo werilSi naTqvamia, rom am saqmeze mim-
dinareobs gamoZieba sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 156-e muxliT
(devna).
51
50 goris raionuli prokuroris moadgilis werili saqarTvelos mTavari prokuraturis
Ss saministros regionul teritoriul organoebSi gamoZiebis saproceso xelmZRvanelobis
sammarTvelos ufros prokurors, Tamila papavas, g10.04.200 9/16, 10.04.2009.
51 saqarTvelos Sinagan saqmeTa saministros sapasuxo werili MIA 8 14 00949196 iehovas
mowmeTa qristianul organizacias, 20/05/2014.
54

2014 wlis 25 marts iehovas mowmeTa qristianulma organizaci-
am 2013 wels momxdari incidentebis gamo weriliT mimarTa
saqarTvelos iusticiis ministrs, saqarTvelos Sinagan saqmeTa
ministrs, saqarTvelos saxalxo damcvels, saxalxo damcvelTan
arsebul tolerantobis centrsa da saqarTvelos axalgazr-
da iuristTa asociacias, raTa yuradReba gaemaxvilebinaT im
faqtze, rom iehovas mowmeebis fizikuri da sityvieri Seura-
cxyofis Tu maTi Senobebis dazianebis faqtebis umravlesoba
rCeba efeqturi gamoZiebis gareSe, an gamoZiebis Sedegebi ar
aris cnobili dazaralebulebisTvis maTi mcdelobis miuxeda-
vad.
52
rogorc aRniSnuli werilidan Cans, gamoZieba umetesad
sruldeba danaSaulebrivi qmedebis Camdeni pirebis mier bodi-
Sis moxdiTa da xelwerilis daweriT, sisxlissamarTlebrivi
devnis dawyebis gareSe.
am werilSi moyvanili samarTaldarRvevis faqtebis da-
jgufeba Sinaarsis mixedviT saSualebas gvaZlevs, davaskvnaT,
rom 2013 wlis ganmavlobaSi adgili hqonda iehovas mowme-
Ta qristianuli organizaciis Senobebis an stendebis da-
zianebis, an literaturis daxevis 21 SemTxvevas, sityvieri
Seuracxyofis 19 SemTxvevas, fizikuri Seuracxyofis 21
SemTxvevas, policielis muqaris erT SemTxvevas, saxlSi Se-
Wris 2 SemTxvevas.
aRniSnul werilze saqarTvelos Sinagan saqmeTa saministros
pasuxiT
53
irkveva, rom sityvieri Seuracxyofis an litera-
turis daxevis SemTxvevaSi (Tu es ar iwvevs qonebriv zians da
religiuri wesis aRsrulebisTvis xelis SeSlas) samarTal-
darRvevis Camden pirs awerineben xelwerils an aZleven wer-
ilobiT gafrTxilebas. erT SemTxvevaSi piri dajarimda 100
lariT wvrilmani xulignobisTvis. qonebis dazianebis SemTx-
vevebis umetesobaSic, imis gamo, rom gamowveuli ziani mcire
moculobis iyo (zianis moculoba ar aRwevda 150 lars
54
) an
52 iehovas mowmeTa qristianuli organizacia saqarTveloSi, werili 15/14 saqarTvelos
iusticiis ministrs, saqarTvelos Sinagan saqmeTa ministrs, saqarTvelos saxalxo
damcvels, saqarTvelos axalgazrda iuristTa asociacias, saxalxo damcvelTan arsebul
tolerantobis centrs, 2014 wlis 25 marti.
53 saqarTvelos Sinagan saqmeTa saministros sapasuxo werili MIA 8 14 00949196 iehovas
mowmeTa qristianul organizacias, 20/05/2014.
54 saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 187-e muxlis Tanaxmad, danaSaulia qonebis
dazianeba, romelmac gamoiwvia mniSvnelovani ziani. amave kodeqsis 177-e muxlis Tanaxmad
ki, mniSvnelovania ziani, romlis Rirebuleba aRemateba 150 lars.
55
Sesabamisi pirebi iyvnen arasrulwlovanebi, pasuxismgeblo-
ba dgeba mxolod xelwerilis daweris an gafrTxilebis sax-
iT. Tumca, erT SemTxvevaSi CaiTvala, rom qonebis dazianeba
qmnida devnis danaSaulis Semadgenlobas da pirs gauform-
da saproceso SeTanxmeba, meore SemTxvevaSi ki mimdinare-
obs gamoZieba qurdobis danaSaulze. rac Seexeba fizikuri
Seuracxyofis SemTxvevebs, Sinagan saqmeTa saministros mo-
nacemebis mixedviT, erT SemTxvevaSi mimdinareobs gamoZieba
cemis danaSaulze (sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsi, muxli 125),
sxva SemTxvevaSi mimdinareobs gamoZieba janmrTelobis ganz-
rax naklebad mZime dazianebaze (muxli 118), oTx SemTxvevaSi
mimdinareobs gamoZieba devnis danaSaulze (muxli 156), xolo
kidev erT SemTxvevaSi religiuri wesis aRsrulebisTvis
xelis SeSlaze (muxli 155). fizikuri Seuracxyofis SemTx-
vevebis mniSvnelovan nawilSi, rac iehovas mowmeTa organi-
zaciis werilSia aRwerili, Sinagan saqmeTa saministrom ver
daadgina, rom fizikur Seuracxyofas hqonda adgili.
imisTvis, rom xelisuflebis organoebma gaataron efeqtu-
ri RonisZiebebi religiuri Seuwynareblobis niSniT Cadeni-
li samarTaldarRvevebis aRsakveTad, ra Tqma unda, ar aris
aucilebeli yvela SemTxvevaSi sisxlissamarTlebrivi devnis
dawyeba an pasuxismgeblobis umkacresi zomebis moTxovna.
TumcaRa, gamomdinare iqidan, rom religiuri
umciresobebi am tipis samarTaldarRvevebis siWarbeze
miuTiTeben, marTebuli iqneba, sisxlissamarTlebrivi
politika iyos ufro mkacri. religiuri wesis
aRsrulebisTvis xelis SeSlis an devnis
danaSaulebze pirebs, gamonaklisi SemTxvevebis garda,
ar unda gauformdeT saproceso SeTanxmeba da miT
umetes, ganrideba, raTa maTma qcevam sajaro
sasamarTlo procesze miiRos samarTlebrivi Sefaseba.
amasTan, miuxedavad imisa, rom sisxlis samarTlis
kodeqsi ar uSvebs qonebrivi zianis gamo devnis
dawyebas, rodesac zarali ar aRemateba 150 lars,
mniSvnelovania yuradReba gamaxvildes qmedebis
56

Camdeni pirebis motivze. roca adgili aqvs qonebrivi
zianis miyenebas mxolod religiuri Seuwynareblobis
motiviT da qoneba ziandeba konkretuli pirTa
jgufis Seviwroebis mizniT, marTebuli iqneba, qonebis
dazianebisTvis pasuxismgebloba dadges devnis
danaSaulis gamo. rodesac am tipis darRvevas aqvs
sistematuri xasiaTi, is erTianobaSi qmnis
konkretuli religiis mimdevrebisTvis devnis
atmosferos.
yvela konkretul SemTxvevaSi unda SeirCes
pasuxismgeblobis zoma, romelic imave an sxva pirebis
mier msgavsi qmedebis aRkveTas SeZlebs samomavlod.
iehovas mowmeTa mimarT Cadenili samarTaldarRvevebi,
maTi raodenobis zrdisa da sistematuri xasiaTis gamo
ar tovebs imis saSualebas, rom aqamde maT
mimarT gatarebuli zomebi efeqturad CaiTvalos
religiuri SeuwynareblobiT motivirebuli
samarTaldarRvevebis prevenciis TvalsazrisiT.
saqarTvelos mTavar prokuraturaSi kvlevis winaswari Sedege-
bis ganxilvisas migviTiTes, rom ganrideba aRniSnul pirebTan
gaformda mxolod mas Semdeg, rac konsultacia gaiares
dazaralebulebTan danaSaulebrivi qmedebis Camdeni pirebisT-
vis ganridebis gaformebis Taobaze; aseve, ganridebulma pireb-
ma dazaralebulis TandaswrebiT gamoxates sinanuli Cadenili
qmedebis gamo da gaswies sazogadoebrivad sasargeblo Sroma.
rac mTavaria, dazaralebulebs hqondaT saSualeba, aReweraT
maTTvis miyenebuli ziani da CarTulni yofiliyvnen prokura-
turis mier warmoebul procesSi.
prokuraturis poziciis Tanaxmad, saproceso SeTanxmebis ga-
formebac calsaxad ar gulisxmobs braldebulisTvis SeRa-
vaTebis gawevas, Tu gaviTvaliswinebT im garemoebasac, rom
saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 155-156-e muxlebi
naklebad mZime danaSaulebs warmoadgens da am danaSaulebze
sasamarTlosac SeuZlia sasjelis saxiT daadginos jarima an
daniSnos pirobiTi msjavri. amdenad, aramarTebulia religi-
57
uri motivebiT Cadenili qmedebebisTvis braldebul pirebTan
saproceso SeTanxmebis gaformeba aRqmul iqnes rogorc proku-
raturis mier msubuqi sisxlissamarTlebrivi politikis ga-
tarebis maniSnebeli.
TumcaRa, winamdebare kvlevis farglebSi yuradReba maxvil-
deba ara sasjelis simkacreze, aramed danaSaulis Camdeni pire-
bis sajaro gasamarTlebasa da maTi qmedebis sajaro samarTle-
briv Sefasebaze, rasac danaSaulis prevenciis TvalsazrisiT
didi Rirebuleba aqvs rogorc am piris mier, ise sxva pire-
bis mier identuri danaSaulis Cadenis aRsakveTad. aRniSnuli
miznis uzrunvelsayofad sajaro sasamarTlo ganxilva, sad-
ac detalurad ganixileba mtkicebulebebi da Sefaseba eZle-
va piris qcevas, metismomcemia, vidre saproceso SeTanxmebis
damtkicebis Sekvecili warmoeba sasamarTloSi.
4.2. muslimTa Temis winaaRmdeg 2012-2013 wels
Cadenili samarTaldarRvevebi
2012-2013 wlebSi adgili hqonda muslimTa Temis uflebebis
uxeSi darRvevis ramdenime faqts, romlebic msgavsi scenariT
viTardeboda saqarTvelos sxvadasxva regionSi da gulisx-
mobda adgilobrivi muslimebisTvis RvTismsaxurebis Catare-
baSi agresiuli formiT xelis SeSlas marTlmadidebeli um-
ravlesobis mier, ris mimarTac xelisuflebis, gansakuTrebiT
adgilobrivi xelisuflebis organoebi iCendnen Semgueblur
damokidebulebas da zogjer xelsac uwyobdnen.
muslimTa uflebebis masStaburad Selaxvas hqonda adgili
2012 wlis miwuruls lanCxuTis municipalitetis sofel nigv-
ziansa da mogvianebiT TeTriwyaros municipalitetis sofel
winwyaroSi,
55
2013 wels
56
ki dedofliswyaros municipalite-
55 saqarTvelos saxalxo damcvelis angariSi saqarTveloSi adamianis uflebaTa da
TavisuflebaTa dacvis mdgomareobis Sesaxeb, 2012, gv. 520-523; ix. agreTve, adamianis
uflebebis swavlebisa da monitoringis centri, sekularizmis krizisi da loialoba
dominanti jgufis mimarT, 2013.
56 muslimTa religiur niadagze devnis SemTxvevas hqonda adgili qobuleTis sofel
cixisZirSi, Tumca, es SemTxveva gansxvavdeba Tavisi SinaarsiT da masStabiT am TavSi
58

tis sofel samTawyaroSi.
57
am soflebSi mcxovrebi marTlma-
didebeli mosaxleoba ewinaaRmdegeboda qarTveli muslime-
bis mier meCeTis amoqmedebas da sityvieri Seuracxyofis,
muqarisa da gadaadgilebis Tavisuflebis SezRudvis gziT
maT tradiciuli RvTismsaxurebis Catarebis saSualebas ar
aZlevda.
rogorc saxalxo damcvelis 2013 wlis angariSSia aRniSnu-
li, nigvziansa da winwyaroSi locvasTan dakavSirebuli
problema xelisuflebis warmomadgenlebis Carevis Sedegad
religiuri umravlesobisa da umciresobis liderebs Soris
molaparakebisa da SeTanxmebis gziT... amoiwura da 2013 wels
am soflebSi locva daubrkoleblad mimdinareobda.
58
Tumca,
is faqti, rom religiur umciresobaze Zaladobisa da xelis
SeSlis faqtis gamo aravin dasjila da am tipis samarTaldar-
Rvevebis zogadi prevenciisTvis saTanado zomebi ar miiReba,
kidev erTxel SegviZlia davakavSiroT imasTan, rom ufle-
bebis Selaxvis msgavsi Sinaarsis, Tumca, kidev ufro mwvave
SemTxveva moxda 2013 wels samTawyarosa da WelaSi.
2013 wlis maisidan sofel samTawyaroSi adgili hqonda ram-
denime epizods, rodesac samTawyarosa da mezobeli soflebis
mosaxleoba fizikuri da sityvieri Seuracxyofis, gzis gada-
ketvisa da muqaris meSveobiT xels uSlida muslimTa Tems
religiuri msaxurebis CatarebaSi. ramdenime SemTxvevaSi
marTlmadidebel mosaxleobasTan erTad imyofeboda sofel
samTawyaros rwmunebuli g. n., romelic ar uSlida xels maT
Zaladobriv aqtebs. saqarTvelos Sinagan saqmeTa saministros
warmomadgenlebma, kerZod, sapatrulo policiis TanamSrom-
lebma ver uzrunvelyves muslimi sasuliero pirebisTvis
samlocvelosTan misasvleli gzis gaxsna da sazogadod, mus-
limebisTvis RvTismsaxurebis uflebis uzrunvelyofa, rac
saxelmwifos pozitiuri movaleobis darRvevas warmoadgenda.
ganxiluli sxva SemTxvevebisgan da qvemoT sasamarTlo gadawyvetilebebis analizis
TavSia (me-4 Tavi) detalurad ganxiluli.
57 saqarTvelos saxalxo damcvelis angariSi saqarTveloSi adamianis uflebaTa da
TavisuflebaTa dacvis mdgomareobis Sesaxeb, 2013, gv. 297-304.
58 iqve, gv. 296.
59
saqarTvelos saxalxo damcvelisTvis miwodebuli informaci-
iT, daiwyo gamoZieba dedofliswyaros raionis sofel samTaw-
yaroSi religiuri wesis aRsrulebisaTvis ukanonod xelis
SeSlis faqtze (danaSauli gaTvaliswinebuli ss kodeqsis 155-e
muxlis I nawiliT) da dedofliswyaros raionis sofel sam-
Tawyaros mosaxleobis mier muslimi sasuliero piris ojax-
is mimarT ganxorcielebul muqaraze (kodeqsis 151-e muxliT).
2013-2014 wlebSi (2014 wlis pirveli kvartali) gamoZiebis
farglebSi gatarebuli RonisZiebebis Sesaxeb saqarTvelos
saxalxo damcvelis aparatma saqarTvelos Sinagan saqmeTa
saministrosgan damatebiTi informacia ver miiRo. saqarTve-
los saxalxo damcvelis winadadebis pasuxad mas acnobes, rom
dedofliswyaros rwmunebulis movaleobis Semsrulebel g.n.-s
disciplinuri gadacdomisTvis gamoecxada gafrTxileba.
59
zemoganxilul SemTxvevebTan SedarebiT, uflebaTa Selaxvis
kidev ufro mZime faqts hqonda adgili adigenis municipalite-
tis sofel WelaSi, radgan damrRvevebi uSualod sajaro mox-
eleebi iyvnen: 2013 wlis 26 agvistos Semosavlebis samsaxur-
ma daSala minareTi, rogorc qvemoT iqneba ganmartebuli, sa-
Tanado samarTlebrivi safuZvlis gareSe; imavdroulad, Sss-s
TanamSromlebma Zala gamoiyenes im muslimebis mimarT, vinc
demontaJis gaprotesteba scada.
am SemTxvevaSic, gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania is faqti, rom
demon taJs win uswrebda mediaSi gavrcelebuli marTlmadide-
beli mosaxleobis ukmayofileba sofel WelaSi minareTis
konstruqciis dadgmis Taobaze. marTlmadidebeli mosaxleo-
bis protesti aRwerili iyo agreTve saxal xo damcvelisadmi
adigenis municipalitetis sakrebulos Tavmjdomaris mimarT-
vaSic.
60
situacia, rodesac marTlmadidebeli mosaxleobis protests
religiuri umciresobis agebuli an mSeneblobis procesSi
myo fi sakulto nagebobis mimarT mosdevs sajaro moxeleebis
mier kanoniT dadgenili procedurebiT manipulireba marTl-
madidebeli mosaxleobisTvis sasurveli Sedegis misaRwevad,
59 iqve, gv. 300.
60 iqve, gv. 302.
60

erTmniSvnelovnad aerTianebs Welas SemTxvevas qvemoT ganxi-
lul Terjolis mSeneblobis SemTxvevasTan, sadac adgilo-
brivma xelisuflebam mSeneblobis nebarTva SeaCera kanon-
ieri safuZvlis gareSe, marTlmadidebeli mosaxleobis mier
iehovas mowmeTa kavSiris mSeneblobis gaprotestebis Semdeg.
es miuTiTebs saqarTveloSi sajaro moxeleTa qcevis model-
ze, sadac isini sajaro uflebamosilebas iyeneben religiuri
umciresobis araxelsayrel mdgomareobaSi Casayeneblad, rac,
erTi mxriv, religiuri umravlesobis dakveTis dakmayofile-
baa, meore mxriv ki, religiuri umciresobis uflebis arsebiT
SezRudvas iwvevs da Sesabamisad, sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis
142-e muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli danaSaulis (adamianTa Tanas-
woruflebianobis darRveva) Semadgenlobas qmnis.
sajaro moxeleebis danaSaulis Cadenis mtkicebis safuZvels
gvaZlevs is, rom maT mier sajaro uflebamosilebis ukano-
no gamoyenebas hqonda adgili, rac mkafiod aris saxeze Welas
SemTxvevaSi. Semosavlebis samsaxuris mtkicebiT, TurqeTidan
Semotanili minareTis demontaJi ganxorcielda imis gamo,
rom sabaJoze Semotanili saqonlis araswori klasificire-
bis gamo SeiZleboda Semcirebuliyo importis gadasaxdelis
odenoba da amis gamorkveva gasvliTi Semowmebisa da liTonis
konstruqciis fizikuri daTvalierebisa da Sesabamisi eqsper-
tizis daskvnis gareSe SeuZlebelia.
61
aq gadamwyveti mniSvneloba aqvs imas, rom ganbaJebisas minareTs
Tavad Semosavlebis samsaxuris uflebamosilma pirma mianiWa
sasaqonlo kodi, romelic Tavisufldeboda importis gadasaxa-
disgan,
62
rogorc TurqeTSi warmoebuli saqoneli. Sesabami-
sad, konstruqciis fizikuri maxasiaTeblebi da eqspertizis
Sedegebi, romelic TavisTavad, proceduris uxeSi darRveviT
Catarda,
63
ver Secvlida importis gadasaxadisTvis mniSvnelo-
van im garemoebas, rom warmoSobis qveynis gamo, saqoneli gaTa-
visuflebuli iyo importis gadasaxadisgan. Sesabamisad, impor-
tis gadasaxadis odenobis dadgenis sababi Semosavlebis samsax-
61 arasamTavrobo organizaciebis erToblivi gancxadeba sofel WelaSi ganviTarebuli
movlenebis Sesaxeb, 29 agvisto, 2013.
62 saxalxo damcvelis 2013 wlis angariSi, ix. zemoT SeniSvna 58, gv. 303.
63 detalebi ixileT arasamTavrobo organizaciebis erTobliv gancxadebaSi, SeniSvna 62.
61
uris calsaxad yalbi argumentia da kidev erTxel Catarebuli
RonisZiebis ukanonobasa da Sesabamisi sajaro moxeleebis sa-
varaudo danaSaulze miuTiTebs.
muslimTa Temis darRveul uflebebze pasuxismgeblobis aRe-
bisa da Welas SemTxvevaSi Tanamdebobis pirebis qmedebebis
miukerZoebeli da efeqturi gamoZiebis nacvlad, saxelmwi-
fom problemis mogvarebis uflebamosilebis araformaluri
delegireba ganaxorciela saqarTvelos sapatriarqoze. 2013
wlis 28 agvistos sapatriarqoSi gaimarTa Sexvedra marTl-
madidebeli eklesiis mesveurebsa da muslimTa sammarTvelos
xelmZRvanelobas Soris moWrili minareTis sakiTxis Taobaze.
am Sexvedraze miRebuli gadawyvetilebiT, minareTi ar unda
aRmarTuliyo manam, sanam ar mowesrigdeboda sakanonmdeblo
baza, da ar Sedgeboda molaparakeba sapatriarqosa da muslim-
Ta sammarTvelos Soris.
rodesac saxelmwifo, sakmaod gamokveTili religiuri umrav-
lesobis moTxovnebis gavleniT, arRvevs religiuri umcireso-
bis kanonier uflebebs da ayenebs maT araxelsayrel mdgo-
mareobaSi, dazaralebulebis uflebebis aRdgenisa da damna-
Save pirebis dasjis nacvlad, molaparakebebis gamarTvis xe-
lSewyoba religiur umravlesobasa da umciresobas Soris kon-
stituciisa da kanonmdeblobis ignorirebas warmoadgens. es
aris kanonis darRvevis konkretuli SemTxvevis samarTlebriv
Sefasebasa da Sesabamis reagirebaze uaris Tqma samarTlisT-
vis sruliad ararelevanturi safuZvliT religiur gaer-
Tianebebs Soris molaparakebis gamo. molaparakeba, da Tun-
dac SeTanxmeba, ver Secvlis im faqts, rom sajaro moxeleebma
daarRvies kanoni, savaraudod, religiuri diskriminaciis mo-
tiviT, rac saSiSi precedentia sekularuli da samarTlebrivi
saxelmwifos principis gadasaxedidan da swraf da efeqtur
gamoZiebas saWiroebs. Tumca, aRniSnuli SemTxvevis gamoZieba
saqarTvelos mTavar prokuraturas ar dauwyia.
62

4.3 . devnis dawyebisa da msjavrdadebis statistikis analizi
saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlosa da mTavari
prokuraturis informaciis safuZvelze
imis gasarkvevad, Tu ramdenad adekvaturad pasuxobs saqarT-
velos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsi religiuri niSniT pire-
bis devnisgan dacvis amocanas, tolerantobisa da mraval-
ferovnebis institutma sajaro informaciis moTxovniT mimar-
Ta saqarTvelos Sinagan saqmeTa saministros, mTavar prokura-
turas, uzenaes da saapelacio sasamarTloebs, iseve rogorc 26
raionul sasamarTlos.
saqarTvelos mTavari prokuraturis mier mowodebuli in-
formaciis
64
Tanaxmad, devnis dawyebasa da SewyvetasTan dakav-
SirebiT sisxlis samarTlis danaSaulebis mixedviT statistika
iwarmoeba 2012 wlidan, Sesabamisad, tolerantobis da mraval-
ferovnebis instituts miawodes 2012-2013 wlisa da 2014 wlis
3 Tvis statistikuri informacia.
64 saqarTvelos mTavari prokuraturis werili 13/27279, 30 aprili, 2014 w.
63
rogorc aRniSnuli informaciiT irkveva, 155-e muxlTan dakav-
SirebiT 2012 wels da 2014 wels gamoZieba Sewyda TiTo-TiTo
SemTxvevaze, orivejer danaSaulis niSnebis ararsebobis gamo,
2013 wels ki gamoZieba Sewyda, radgan 155-e muxliT gaTvalis-
winebuli qmedebis amnistireba moxda, rogorc naklebad mZime
danaSaulisa. 2012-2014 (2014 wlis pirveli sami Tve) wlebSi
156-e muxliT gaTvaliswinebul danaSaulze gamoZieba Sewyda 7
SemTxvevaSi, devna Sewyda an ar daiwyo 5 SemTxvevaSi. 156-e mux-
lis safuZvelze am wlebSi devna daiwyo 19 SemTxvevaSi, Tumca,
2013 wels or SemTxvevaSi Sewyda dawyebuli devna. aRniSnu-
li statistika miuTiTebs, rom religiuri Seuwynareblobis
danaSaulebidan yvelaze aqtiurad gamoiyeneba ara religiuri
wesis aRsrulebisTvis xelis SeSlis muxli (muxli 155), ara-
med devnis muxli (muxli 156). Tumca, aq gasaTvaliswinebelia,
rom devnis danaSauli SeiZleba Cadenil iqnes ara mxolod re-
ligiuri, aramed sxva niSniT Seuwynareblobis safuZvelzec
da radgan konkretulad religiur niadagze devnasTan dakav-
Sirebuli statistika ar iwarmoeba, am niSniT Cadenili dana-
Saulebis zusti ricxvis dadgena SeuZlebeli iyo.
saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlosgan tolerantobisa da
mravalferovnebis institutma gamoiTxova Semdegi statisti-
kuri informacia:
saqarTvelos saerTo sasamarTloebis mier
saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 53-e muxlis
3
1
punqtis safuZvelze gamotanili yvela
gadawyvetileba, rac miRebul iqna 2012 wlis 27
martidan [53-e muxlis 3
1
punqtis miRebis TariRi] 2014
wlis 25 martamde;
2009 wlis 1-eli ianvridan 2014 wlis 25 martamde
saqarTvelos saerTo sasamarTloebis mier
saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 109-e muxlis
me-2 nawilis d qvepunqtis [ganzrax mkvleloba
rasobrivi, religiuri, erovnuli an eTnikuri
Seuwynareblobis gamo;], 117-e muxlis me-5 nawilis
d qvepunqtis [janmrTelobis ganzrax mZime dazianeba
64

Cadenili rasobrivi, religiuri, erovnuli
an eTnikuri Seuwynareblobis gamo;], 126-e muxlis me-2
nawilis z qvepunqtis [Zaladoba rasobrivi,
religiuri, erovnuli an eTnikuri Seuwynareblobis
gamo], 142-e muxlis [adamianTa Tanasworuflebianobis
darRveva], 144
1
muxlis me-2 nawilis v qvepunqtis
[wameba adamianebis Tanasworuflebianobis darRveviT],
144
3
muxlis me-2 nawilis v qvepunqtis adamianebis
Tanasworuflebianobis darRveviT], 155-e muxlis
[religiuri wesis aRsrulebisTvis ukanonod xelis
SeSla], 156-e muxlis [devna], 166-e muxlis [politikuri,
sazogadoebrivi an religiuri gaerTianebis xelis
[micvalebulis upativcemuloba rasobrivi, religiuri,
erovnuli an eTnikuri Seuwynareblobis gamo]
safuZvelze braldebuli pirebis saqmeebze miRebuli
gadawyvetilebebi, maT Soris saproceso
SeTanxmebis damtkicebis Sesaxeb sasamarTlos
ganaCenebi;
religiuri Seuwynareblobis motiviT Cadenil
danaSaulebTan dakavSirebuli gadawyvetilebebi.
saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlos mier 2014 wlis 7 aprils
mowodebuli informaciis Tanaxmad, pirveli instanciis sa-
samarTloebis mier 156-e muxlze (devna) 2009-2013 wlebSi gana-
Ceni gamotanil iqna 11 piris mimarT, 3 pirs ki prokuraturam
2013 wels gauforma ganrideba; 2010 wels ssk-s 142-e muxliT
gaTvaliswinebuli danaSaulis saqmeze (adamianTa Tanasworu-
flebianobis darRveva) gamotanil iqna 1 ganaCeni; 2013 wels
ssk-s 144
1
muxlis me-2 nawilis v qvepunqtis (wameba adamian-
is Tanasworuflebianobis darRveviT, maT Soris religiuri
niSniTac) safuZvelze ki gamotanil iqna ori ganaCeni. uzenaesi
sasamarTlos mier mowodebuli informaciis Tanaxmad, tol-
erantobisa da mravalferovnebis institutis gancxadebaSi
CamoTvlili sxva danaSaulebis saqmeebi 2009-2014 wlebSi ar
ganxilula.
gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania is, rom saqarTvelos uzenaesi
sasamarTlo Tavis sapasuxo werilSi aRniSnavs: msjavrdadebu-
65
lis pasuxismgeblobis damamZimebel garemoebad ssk 53-e mux-
lis 3
1
nawilis gamoyenebis Sesaxeb monacemebi sasamarTloebSi
moqmedi statistikuri angariSgebis formebSi ar aRiricxeba.
igive informacia daadastura Tbilisis saqalaqo sasamarTlo-
mac.
65
ssk 53-e muxlis 3
1
nawili 2012 wlis 27 marts iqna Setanili sisx-
lis samarTlis kodeqsSi da diskriminaciis romelime niSniT,
maT Soris religiuri niSniT, Seuwynareblobis motiviT da-
naSaulis Cadena pasuxismgeblobis damamZimebel garemoebad ga-
mocxadda yvela im danaSaulisTvis, romlis Semadgenlobac ar
iTvaliswinebs Seuwynareblobis motivs danaSaulis erT-erT
elementad. aRniSnuli niSnavs, rom sasamarTlom yovel indi-
vidualur SemTxvevaSi, roca Seuwynareblobis motiviT aris
65 saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlos werili N47-k tolerantobisa da mravalferovnebis
institutis 2014 wlis 26 martis N66 werilis pasuxad, 7.04.14; Tbilisis saqalaqo
sasamarTlos werili 1-04118/10620, 16.04.2014.
66

Cadenili danaSauli, es niSani pasuxismgeblobis damamZimebel
garemoebad unda Seeracxos pirs. garda imisa, rom Seuwynare-
blobis motivs sasjelis gansazRvrisTvis mieniWa mniSvneloba,
amgvari muxlis arseboba kodeqsSi mniSvnelovania analitiku-
ri TvalsazrisiT da saSualebas iZleva Seuwynareblobis mo-
tiviT Cadenil danaSaulebze zusti statistikuri informaciis
Sekrebisa. Tumca, im faqtis gamo, rom am niSniT sasamarTloebi
statistikas ar awarmoeben, normis resursi am TvalsazrisiT
gamouyenebeli rCeba.
baTumis saqalaqo sasamarTlos mier mowodebuli gad-
awyvetilebis teqstiT Tu vimsjelebT, romelic klasikuri
SemTxvevaa, roca sasamarTlos sasjelis gansazRvrisas unda
gamoeyenebina 53-e muxlis 3
1
nawili, SeiZleba vifiqroT, rom
am normis samarTlebrivi mniSvnelobac gamouyenebeli rCeba.
4.4. sasamarTlo gadawyvetilebebis analizi
tolerantobisa da mravalferovnebis institutis (TDI) gancxa-
debis pasuxad, romelic exeboda religiuri Seuwynareblobis
motiviT Cadenil danaSaulebs, baTumis saqalaqo sasamarTlom
mogvawoda 2013 wlis 20 agvistos miRebuli gadawyvetileba.
personaluri informaciis dacvis moTxovnebis Sesabamisad,
gadawyvetileba warmodgenil iqna daStrixuli saxiT, Tumca,
is exeba saqarTvelos saxalxo damcvelis 2013 wlis saparla-
mento angariSSi ganxilul gaxmaurebul SemTxvevas, romelsac
adgili hqonda cixisZirSi.
66
kerZod, 2013 wlis 14 aprils saqa-
rTvelos Tavdacvis saministros SeiaraRebuli Zalebis gaer-
Tianebuli Stabis samxedro policiis departamentis me-2 re-
gionuli sammarTvelos me-2 ganyofilebis ufrosma o.x.-m, amave
ganyofilebis ufrosma inspeqtorebma, p.g.-m da m.m.-m, religi-
uri Seuwynareblobis niadagze fizikuri da sityvieri Seura-
cxyofa miayenes sofel cixisZirSi mcxovreb muslimuri aRm-
sareblobis pirebs da maT dasaSineblad cecxlsasroli iaraRi
66 saqarTvelos saxalxo damcvelis angariSi saqarTveloSi adamianis uflebebisa da
Tavisuflebebis dacvis mdgomareobis Sesaxeb, gv. 296-297.
67
ramdenjerme haerSi isroles. baTumis saqalaqo sasamarTlom
m.m. damnaSaved cno 160-e muxlis me-2 nawilis a qvepunqtiTa da
amave muxlis me-3 nawilis a da b qvepunqtebiT [binis an sxva
mflobelobis xelSeuxeblobis darRveva ZaladobiT an Zal-
adobis muqariT, jgufurad da samsaxurebrivi mdgomareobis
gamoyenebiT] da 239-e muxli me-2 nawilis a qvepunqtiT gaT-
valiswinebuli danaSaulisTvis [xulignoba winaswari SeTanxme-
biT jgufis mier]; xolo p.g. da o.x. cnobil iqnen damnaSaveebad
saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 160-e muxlis me-2
nawilis a qvepunqtiTa da amave muxlis me-3 nawilis a da
b qvepunqtebiT [binis an sxva mflobelobis xelSeuxeblobis
darRveva ZaladobiT an Zaladobis muqariT, jgufurad da sam-
saxurebrivi mdgomareobis gamoyenebiT].
TavisTavad is faqti, rom Tanamdebobis pirebis mier Cadenil
danaSaulze efeqturi gamoZieba Catarda, maT sasjeli daeki-
sraT da sajaro samsaxurSi saqmianobis ufleba CamoerTvaT
erTi wliT, udavod misasalmebeli faqtia.
Tumca, es gadawyvetileba samarTlebrivi TvalsazrisiT kiTx-
vebs aCens da zemoxsenebuli 53-e muxlis 3
1
nawilis sruli
ugulebelyofiTaa miRebuli. rogorc zemoT aRvniSneT, ba-
Tumis saqalaqo sasamarTlom es gadawyvetileba mogvawoda
rogorc religiuri Seuwynareblobis motiviT Cadenili da-
naSauli. Tumca, gadawyvetilebis aRwerilobiT nawilSi ar-
sad aris naxsenebi danaSaulis Camdeni pirebis mier Cadenili
xulignuri qmedebebis konkretuli Sinaarsi. sruliad Seu-
Zlebeli iqneboda daskvnis gamotana, raSi gamoixata reli-
giuri Seuwynareblobis motivi, rom ara saxalxo damcvelis
angariSidan xelmisawvdomi incidentis Sinaarsi. rac yvelaze
mniSvnelovania samarTlebrivi TvalsazrisiT, sasamarTlom
sasjelis Sefardebis etapze miiCnia, rom danaSaulis Camdeni
arc erTi piris saqmeSi ar hqonda adgili pasuxismgeblobis
damamZimebel garemoebebs, miuxedavad imisa, rom 53-e muxlis
3
1
nawili pirdapir miuTiTebs religiuri Seuwynareblobis
motivze, rogorc pasuxismgeblobis damamZimebel garemoebaze.
amasTan, es muxli swored im dros unda iqnes gamoyenebuli,
rodesac inkriminirebuli qmedeba (xulignoba da binis an sxva
68

mflobelobis xelSeuxeblobis darRveva am SemTxvevaSi) ar iT-
valiswinebs religiur Seuwynareblobas, rogorc danaSaulis
Semadgenlobis elements. ra Tqma unda, sasamarTlos SeeZlo
garemoebebis Sefasebis Sedegad daedgina, rom am pirebs ar
hqondaT religiuri Seuwynareblobis motivi, magram faqtia,
rom maT Rirsebis damamcirebeli qmedebebi Caidines islamis
aRmsarebeli pirebis mimarT da swored imis gamo, rom dazara-
lebulebi islamis mimdevrebi iyvnen. aRniSnulis gaTvalis-
winebiT, sasamarTlos, sul mcire, unda emsjela, hqondaT Tu
ara damnaSaveebs religiuri Seuwynareblobis motivi da Sem-
deg gadaewyvita 53-e muxlis 3
1
nawilis gamoyenebis sakiTxi, am
normis mdumare ugulebelyofis nacvlad.
aRsaniSnavia, rom Tavad baTumis saqalaqo sasamarTlom, iseve,
rogorc saqarTvelos yvela sxva saerTo sasamarTlom, Tbili-
sis, goris da mcxeTis saqalaqo sasamarTloebis garda, tole-
rantobisa da mravalferovnebis institutis kiTxvaze upasuxes,
rom maT ar ganuxilavT saqme 53-e muxlis 3
1
nawilis gamoyenebiT.
ganxiluli magaliTis gaTvaliswinebiT gaurkvevelia, saerTo
sasamarTloebis mier ganxilul saqmeebSi obieqturad ar iyo am
normis gamoyenebis pirobebi Tu sasamarTloebi ar axdenen mis
utilizebas sasjelis Sefardebis procesSi daudgeneli mize-
zebiT. calke problemaa isic, rom am muxliT statistikas ar
awarmoeben da SesaZloa, Sesabamisi saqmeebis identificireba
ver moxerxda wminda teqnikuri problemis gamo.
zestafonisa da TeTriwyaros sasamarTloebma mogvawodes gad-
awyvetilebebi, sadac pirebs sisxlis samarTlis pasuxismge-
bloba daekisraT 156-e muxlis safuZvelze, adamianis aRmsare-
blobis, rwmenis an mrwamsis gamo. orive SemTxvevaSi adgili
hqonda iehovas mowmeebis devnas. TeTriwyaros raionulma sa-
samarTlom 2013 wlis 1-eli noembris gadawyvetilebiT daamt-
kica saproceso SeTanxmeba da pirs devnis danaSaulisTvis
daekisra erT wlamde Tavisuflebis aRkveTa pirobiT da 1000
lari jarima damatebiTi sasjelis saxiT. zestafonis raio-
nuli sasamarTlos 2011 wlis 25 Tebervlis gadawyvetilebiT
dadginda, rom pirma Caidina adamianis devna rwmenis, aRmsare-
blobisa da mis religiur moRvaweobasTan dakavSirebiT, Zal-
69
adobiTa da Zaladobis muqariT 156-e muxlis meore nawilis
a qvepunqtiT gaTvaliswinebuli qmedeba da miesaja Tavisu-
flebis aRkveTa erTi wliT, rac CaeTvala pirobiT ori wliT
gamosacdeli vadiT.
2009-dan 2014 wlis Tebervlamde periodSi saqarTvelos saer-
To sasamarTloebs ar gamoutaniaT arc erTi gadawyvetileba
ssk-s 155-e muxlis safuZvelze (religiuri wesis aRsrulebisT-
vis ukanonod xelis SeSla). aRniSnulidan gamomdinare, SeiZle-
ba davaskvnaT, rom 156-e muxliT braldebis SemTxvevaSi saqmis
gamamtyunebeli ganaCeniT dasrulebis ufro maRali albaToba
arsebobs, vidre im SemTxvevaSi, rodesac Zieba an devna iwyeba
155-e muxlis safuZvelze.
5. sakulto nagebobis mSeneblobis nebarTva
mSeneblobis nebarTvis gacemis wesisa da sanebarTvo
pirobebis Sesaxeb mTavrobis 2009 wlis 24 martis 57 dad-
genileba
67
aregulirebs saqarTvelos teritoriaze mSeneb-
lobis nebarTvis gacemis, sanebarTvo pirobebis Sesrulebisa
da Senoba-nagebobis eqspluataciaSi miRebis process. mSene-
blobis nebarTvis miReba rTuli da droSi gawelili pro-
cesia, romelic nebarTvis gamcem administraciul organos
(ZiriTadad, adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis aRmasrulebel
organos) aniWebs did diskrecias procesis yvela etapze. mSen-
eblobis procesze aqtiuri zedamxedveloba da regulireba
saxelmwifo organoebis mxridan gamarTlebulia mSeneblobis
mometebuli saSiSroebiT adamianis sicocxlisa da janmrTe-
lobisTvis. Tumca, meore mxriv, regulirebis procesi qmnis
administraciuli organos mier TviTneburi gadawyvetile-
bebis miRebis safrTxes, rac aSkaraa qvemoganxilul saqmeebSi,
sadac religiuri umciresobebis warmomadgenlebs sakulto
67 saqarTvelos mTavrobis dadgenileba N57 mSeneblobis nebarTvis gacemis wesisa da
sanebarTvo pirobebis Sesaxeb, 2009 wlis 24 marti.
70

nagebobebis mSeneblobisTvis nebarTvis misaRebad SeeqmnaT
sxvadasxva intensivobis biurokratiuli winaaRmdegobebi.
5.1. iehovas mowmeTa qristianuli organizacia:
Terjolis SemTxveva
TerjolaSi iehovas mowme qristianebis araregistrirebuli
kavSir Terjolis warmomadgenlebi aSeneben sacxovrebel
saxls 2014 wlis 19 Tebervals Terjolis municipalitetis
sakrebulos Tavmjdomaris mSeneblobis sanebarTvo mow-
mobis miRebis safuZvelze. 2014 wlis 2 ivniss mSeneblobis
teritoriaze Seikriba daaxloebiT 200-mde kaci, romlebmac
moiTxoves samSeneblo saqmianobis Sewyveta. aRniSnuli ga-
mosvlebis pasuxad Terjolis municipalitetis sakrebulos
Tavmjdomarem gamosca brZaneba da SeaCera iehovas mowmeTa
kavSiris mSeneblobis nebarTva. mSeneblobis SeCerebis ofi-
cialur safuZvels warmoadgenda mezoblis, k. m.-s adminis-
traciuli saCivari, romlis Tanaxmadac, mimdinare mSeneb-
loba xorcieldeboda mewyrul zonaSi da safrTxes uqmnida
da azianebda mimdebared aSenebul mis saxlsac. mSeneblobis
nebarTvis SeCerebis gadawyvetilebas safuZvlad daedo ara
eqspertis daskvna, aramed municipalitetis ramdenime TanamS-
romlis, maT Soris arqiteqturuli samsaxuris TanamSrom-
lis mier mSeneblobis adgilis daTvalierebisas Sedgenili
oqmi, romliTac gruntisa da mezoblis saxlze arsebuli da-
zianebebis mixedviT daadgines, rom mSeneblobis adgili Sei-
Zleboda yofiliyo mewyruli zona da SeiZleboda safrTxe
Seeqmna rogorc mezoblis saxlisTvis, ise gverdze gamavali
saavtomobilo gzisTvis.
naTelia, rom Tu adgili namdvilad mewyruli zona iyo, Tav-
idanve ar unda gaeca sakrebulos mSeneblobis nebarTva. Tum-
ca, rogorc araregistrirebuli kavSiris moTxovniT momza-
debuli geologiuri daskvna adasturebs, miwis Sefasebisas
raime uaryofiT fizikur-geologiuri movlenebi ar gamov-
lenila da miwa ar warmoadgens mewyrul zonas. Terjolis
71
sakrebuloSi 2014 wlis 3 ivliss gamarTulma k. m.-s adminis-
traciuli saCivris ganxilvamac daadastura, rom dazianeba,
romelic mis saxls aReniSneba, ar aris gamowveuli mimdebare
nakveTze mSeneblobiT, aramed iqamde warmoqmnili daziane-
bebia. formaluradac ki ar arsebobs safuZveli, rom nebarT-
vis SeCereba ZalaSi datovos municipalurma organom, Tumca,
2014 wlis 5 ivlisisTvis gadawyvetileba jer kidev ar iyo
miRebuli.
mSeneblobis SeCerebas win uZRoda adgilobrivi marTlmadide-
beli sasuliero piris (dekanozi s. c.-s) mier organizebuli
mosaxleobis saprotesto gamosvla, rac motivirebuli iyo
mxolod da mxolod religiuri SeuwynareblobiT da saerTo
ar hqonda mSeneblobis pirobebTan. iehovas mowmeTa qristian-
uli organizacia amtkicebs, rom aqvT videoCanaweri, sadac
Cans, piri rogor gadascems mSeneblobis SeCerebis brZanebas
Sekrebil xalxs da ulocavs maT am Sedegs. savaraudod, es piri
adgilobrivi sajaro mosamsaxurea, radgan mas xeli miuwvde-
boda brZanebaze.
saTanado safuZvlis ararsebobis pirobebSi da mosaxleobis
protestisa da muqaris fonze mSeneblobis SeCereba iZleva
eWvis safuZvels, rom adgilobrivma xelisuflebam religiu-
ri niSniT diskriminaciis Sedegad SezRuda adamianis ufleba,
rac sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsiT akrZaluli qmedebis, sam-
saxurebrivi mdgomareobis gamoyenebiT adamianTa Tanasworu-
flebianobis darRvevis (muxli 142, nawili 2, a qvepunqti)
niSnebs atarebs da saWiroebs am sakiTxze dauyovnebliv ga-
moZiebis dawyebas. rogorc mSeneblobis nebarTvis mimRebTa
advokats, manuCar cimintias acnobes, amJamad sisxlissamarT-
lebrivi gamoZieba mimdinareobs araregistrirebuli kavSiris
erT-erTi wevris, T. c.-s devnasTan dakavSirebiT (sisxlis
samarTlis kodeqsis 156-e muxli). Tumca, sajaro moxeleebis
mier religiur niadagze SesaZlo danaSaulis Cadenis gamokv-
leva mometebuli sajaro interesis sagans warmoadgens da
samarTaldamcavi organoebis efeqturobis Sefasebis krite-
riumi swored am tipis qmedebebis gamoZiebaa, maTi ignorire-
bisa da ufro msubuqi danaSauliT gadafarvis nacvlad.
72

aRniSnul sakiTxze saqarTvelos mTavar prokuraturaSi
ganmartes, rom SesaZloa gamoZieba sisxlis samarTlis saqmeze
daiwyos erTi muxlis kvalifikaciiT, magram gamoZiebis pro-
cesSi ganxiluli da gadamowmebuli iqneba saCivarSi moyvani-
li yvela faqti. Tu gamoZiebis Sedegad mopovebuli mtkice-
bulebebiT gamovlinda sajaro mosamsaxureebis mier danaSau-
lis Cadenis faqti, maT qmedebas miecema Sesabamisi samarTle-
brivi Sefaseba.
5.2. meSvide dRis qristian-adventistTa organizaciis mier
nagebobis mSenebloba manglisSi
meSvide dRis qristian-adventistebs aqvT rogorc religiuri,
ise arareligiuri socialuri miznebi, rogoricaa sazogadoe-
bis problemebis mogvarebaSi CarTva religiuri dRis wesri-
gis gareSe. am mizniT, maT surdaT sanatoriumis aSeneba sofel
algeTSi, manglisTan axlos, romelic xelmisawvdomi iqneboda
yvelasTvis, maTi religiuri mrwamsis miuxedavad. mSeneblobis
nebarTvisTvis maT mimarTes TeTriwyaros munici palitets.
2013 wlis gazafxulze waradgines pirveli etapis mSeneblo-
biTi pirobebis dadgenisTvis saWiro sabuTebi. me-2 etapisT-
vis saWiro dokumentebis wardgenisas maT municipalitetSi
acnobes, rom manglisis daaxloebiT 400 mcxovrebi moiTxovda,
ar miecaT maTTvis sofel algeTSi sareabilitacio-sportu-
li centris mSeneblobis ufleba, Tumca, es iyo mxolod ze-
pirsityvieri informacia da raime werilobiT ganmarteba am
sakiTxze ar miuRiaT.
nebarTvis miRebis me-2 etapze, romelic gulisxmobs samSene-
blo p roeqtis SeTanxmebas, municipalitetis arqiteqtorma
daadgina, rom maTi proeqti ar Seesabameboda kanonmdeblobis
moTxovnebs. im arqiteqtorma, romelmac proeqti moamzada,
miuTiTa, rom yvela imave tipis proeqtisTvis nebarTva gasca
adgilobrivma organom da am konkre tul SemTxvevaSi uari ad-
ventistebis winaaRmdeg arsebuli mikerZoebis Sedegi iyo da
ara proeqtis obieqturi problema. amis miuxedavad, proeqti
73
Secvales. imavdroulad, gamoirkva, rom is miwis oTxi nakve-
Ti, sadac centris mSeneblobas apireben, sasoflo-sameurneo
dani Snulebis miwaa da aucilebelia miwis statusis Secvla,
raTa maT mSeneblobis nebarTva miiRon. miwis statusis Sesacv-
lelad maT mimarTes janmrTelobis dacvis saministros, raTa
daesabuTebinaT miwis statusis Secvlisa da sareabilitacio
centris aSenebis saWiroeba. winamdebare kvlevis momzadebis
momentisTvis isini elodebodnen sajaro reestris pasuxs mi-
wis statusis Taobaze.
aRsaniSnavia, rom mSeneblobis nebarTvis SeCereba an nebarT-
vis gacemis gaWianureba msgavsi scenariT xdeba Terjolisa
da manglisis saqmeebSi: adgilobrivi sasuliero piri, romel-
ic, savaraudod, nebarTvis maZiebeli pirebis aRmsareblobis
Sesaxeb informirebulia adgilobrivi sajaro moxeleebisgan,
axdens mosaxleobis mobilizebas mSeneblobis gasaproteste-
blad, rasac Semdeg etapze mosdevs biurokratiuli sirTu-
leebis Seqmna nebarTvis mimRebi pirebisTvis. xazgasmiT unda
aRiniSnos, rom adgilobrivi mosaxleobis damokidebuleba,
negatiuri iqneba Tu pozitiuri, ar warmoadgens mSeneblo-
bis nebarTvis gacemis an mSeneblobis dabrkolebis samarTle-
briv safuZvels. aRniSnuli mizeziT mSeneblobaze uaris Tqma
iqneba Sesabamisi piris sakuTrebis uflebis gaumarTlebeli
SezRudva, rac konstituciisa da kanonmdeblobis darRvevaa.
5.3. laTin kaTolikeTa eklesia rusTavSi
laTin kaTolikeTa eklesias surs eklesiis aSeneba rusTavSi
da saamisod 2013 wlis 24 maiss daiwyes samzadisi. kerZod, ga-
iares mSeneblobis nebarTvis gacemis pirveli ori stadia da
elodebian mesame stadiis dasrulebas samSeneblo nebarT-
vis miRebas. 2013 wlis oqtomber-noemberSi elodnen pasuxs,
magram veranairi pasuxi ver miiRes. savaraudod, erTaderTi
gamosavali iqneba sasamarTlosTvis mimarTva nebarTvis misa-
Rebad.
74

amgvari gaWianurebis winaaRmdeg, rac mSeneblobis reguli-
rebis procesSi uflebamosili administraciuli organos
TviTnebobis saxes warmoadgens, mTavrobis N57 dadgenile-
ba iTvaliswinebs umniSvnelovanes garantias: mSeneblobis
nebarTvis gacemis TiToeuli stadiisTvis gansazRvrulia
gada wyvetilebis miRebis vada da Tu organo ar miiRebs gada-
wyvetilebas dadgenilebiT gansazRvrul vadaSi da werilo-
biT ar acnobebs gadawyvetilebas, maT Soris, uars, nebarTvis
maZiebel pirs, CaiTvleba, rom miRebulia nebarTvis maZiebe-
li pirisTvis sasargeblo gadawyvetileba.
68
aRniSnuli garan-
tia mniSvnelovan rols Seasrulebda rusTavSi kaTolikeTa
eklesiis mSeneblobis gaWianurebis msgavsi SemTxvevebis aR-
sakveTad, magram rogorc momdevno nawilSi vnaxavT, saerTo
sasamarTloebma CaTvales, rom aRniSnuli normebi ewinaaRm-
degeba zogadi administraciuli kodeqsiT, anu zemdgomi aq-
tiT, dadgenil wesebs da Sesabamisad, praqtikuli mniSvnelo-
ba daekarga aRniSnul garantias.
5.4. iehovas mowmeTa qristianuli organizaciis samefo
darbazebis mSenebloba xaSursa da suramSi
iehovas mowmeebma mimarTes xaSuris municipalitets samefo
darbazebis mSeneblobisTvis nebarTvis misaRebad xaSursa da
suramSi. pirvel stadiaze xaSuris municipalitetis gamgeo-
bas unda daedgina miwis nakveTis samSeneblod gamoyenebis
pirobebi. dadgenil vadaSi ar iqna miRebuli gadawyvetile-
ba, rac mTavrobis N57 dadgenilebis Tanaxmad CaiTvala
moTxovnis dakmayofilebad. Sesabamisad, nebarTvis maZiebel-
ma proeqtis SeTanxmebisa da samSeneblo nebarTvis gacemis
moTxovniT mimarTa adgilobriv organos, razec dadgenil
vadaSi isev ar gasces pasuxi. iehovas mowmeTa araregistri-
rebulma kavSirma Tavisi moTxovna isev dakmayofilebulad
CaTvala da sanebarTvo mowmobebis gacema moiTxova, gamgeo-
bam ki am etapze daudgina xarvezi, risi uflebac mTavrobis
dadgenilebis mixedviT ukve aRar hqonda. Sesabamisad, ieho-
68 iqve, muxli 45, punqti 12, muxli 52, punqti 5, muxli 54, punqti 7.
75
vas mowmeTa kavSirma gaasaCivra gadawyvetileba sasamarT-
loSi.
xaSuris raionulma sasamarTlom Tavis gadawyvetileba-
Si
69
aRniSna, rom mTavrobis dadgenilebis 42-e, 52-e da 57-e
muxlebis Tanaxmad, dadgenilebiT gansazRvrul vadaSi gad-
awyvetilebis miuRebloba mSeneblobis nebarTvis gacemis
moTxovnis dakmayofilebad unda CaTvliliyo. Tumca, sa-
samarTlom mniSvnelovnad CaTvala is, rom zogadi admin-
istraciuli kodeqsis 177-e muxlis Tanaxmad, administraci-
ul-samarTlebrivi aqtis gamocemisTvis dadgenili vadis
darRveva iTvleba uaris Tqmad da gasaCivrebis safuZvels
warmoadgens. sasamarTlom CaTvala, rom mTavrobis dadge-
nileba da zemdgomi normatiuli aqti zogadi administraci-
uli kodeqsi gansxvavebul samarTlebriv Sedegebs ukavSire-
ben gadawyvetilebis miRebis vadis darRvevas da gadawyvita,
rom unda exelmZRvanela zemdgomi administraciuli aqtiT.
am ganmartebiT vadis darRveva moTxovnis dakmayofilebad
aRar CaiTvleba, mxolod administraciuli organos uaris ga-
saCivrebis safuZvels Seqmnis.
aRniSnuli ganmarteba ZalaSi datova Tbilisis saapelacio sa-
samarTlos administraciul saqmeTa palatamac.
70
am ganmartebis
dasasabuTeblad sasamarTlom miuTiTa, rom mSenebloba mome-
tebuli saSiSroebis Semcvelia sicocxlisa da janmrTelo-
bisTvis da ar SeiZleba misi ganxorcielebis safuZvels war-
moadgendes administraciuli organos umoqmedoba:
saapelacio sasamarTlo dauSveblad miiCnevs mSeneblo-
bis nebarTvisa Tu sanebarTvo mowmobebis formaluri ti-
pis aqtebamde dayvanas da mSeneblobis Taviseburebis, misi
specifikis, konstruqciuli mdgradobis, mometebuli saSiS-
roebis gaTvaliswinebiT gamoricxavs sanebarTvo pirobebis
kanonSesabamisad aRiarebas im safuZvliT, rom administraci-
uli organos mxridan adgili aqvs umoqmedobas
71
.
69 xaSuris raionuli sasamarTlo, gadawyvetileba saqmeze N3-11-2013, 30 aprili, 2013
weli, samotivacio nawili, punqti 6.11.
70 Tbilisis saapelacio sasamarTlos administraciul saqmeTa palatis ganCineba saqmeze
N3b/1025-13, 29 noemberi, 2013.
71 iqve.
76

aRniSnuli sajaro interesi, rom mSenebloba mxolod saTana-
do pirobebis arsebobisas ganxorcieldes maqsimaluri usa-
frTxoebis uzrunvelsayofad, udavod gasaziarebelia. Tum-
ca, marTebuli iqneboda, sasamarTlos isic gaeTvaliswine-
bina, rom amgvari ganmartebiT moqalaqeebs TviTnebobisgan
Tavis dacvis mxolod grZeli sasamarTlosTvis mimarTvis
gza dautova da arsebiTad waaxalisa administraciuli or-
ganoebis umoqmedoba da TviTneboba. mSeneblobis uSiSroe-
bis sajaro interesTan erTad, TviTnebobis aRkveTis sajaro
interesic wonian arguments warmoadgens, Tu gaviTvalis-
winebT, rom saqarTvelos sxvadasxva regionSi (dedofliswy-
aro, TeTriwyaro, xaSuri, surami, Terjola, rusTavi) admin-
istraciuli organoebi aWianureben da abrkoleben arapopu-
laruli umciresobebis mSeneblobebs mSeneblobis usafrTxo-
ebasTan sruliad daukavSirebeli mizezebiT.
6. religiuri institutebis avtonomiis sakiTxi
adamianis uflebaTa evropulma sasamarTlom saqmeSi hasani da
CauSi bulgareTis winaaRmdeg
72
xazgasmiT aRniSna, rom reli-
giuri organizaciis avtonomia da Sida saqmeebSi Caurevloba
me-9 muxliT garantirebuli religiis Tavisuflebis umniSv-
nelovanesi aspeqtia:
rodesac religiuri Temis organizebaze midgeba saqme,
konvenciis me-9 muxli unda ganimartos me-11 muxlis gaT-
valiswinebiT, romelic icavs asociaciebis arsebobas
saxelmwifos gaumarTlebeli Carevisgan. am gadasaxedidan
morwmuneTa religiis Tavisufleba moicavs im molo-
dinsac, rom Tems saSualeba eqneba mSvidad iarsebos,
saxelmwifos TviTneburi Carevis gareSe. marTlac, reli-
giuri Temebis avtonomiuri arseboba demokratiul sazo-
gadoebaSi pluralizmis arsebobis aucilebeli pirobaa
72 Case of Hasan and Chaush v Bulgaria, ganacx. 30985/96, 26 oqtomberi, 2000.
77
da me-9 muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli dacvis birTvs qmnis...
rodesac Temis organizaciuli arseboba ar aris daculi,
individis religiis Tavisuflebis yvela aspeqti safrTx-
is qveS dgeba.
73
aRniSnul saqmeSi bulgareTis saxelmwifos mier muslimTa
Temis lideris SerCevaSi Careva da mufTis daniSvna TemSi ar-
sebuli SeuTanxmeblobis pirobebSi CaiTvala religiis Tavi-
suflebis Selaxvad. rogorc qvemoT ganxiluli SemTxvevidan
Cans, saqarTvelos saxelmwifos Careva muslimTa Temis orga-
nizaciul cxovrebaSi ufro Sorsmimavali da yovlismomcvelia
da ar Semoifargleba mxolod mufTebis daniSvniT, Tumca, am
funqciasac iTavsebs.
6.1. muslimTa sammarTvelos Seqmna da marTva
2011 wlis 15 ivliss sajaro samarTlis iuridiuli piris for-
miT dafuZnda sruliad saqarTvelos muslimTa sammarTvelo
(saidentifikacio kodi: 401960794) [SemdgomSi sammarTvelo].
misi wesdebis 1.9. punqtis a qvepunqtis Tanaxmad, sammarTve-
los iurisdiqciaSi Sedis: saqarTveloSi moqmedi yvela meCe-
Ti, muslimi sasuliero pirebi, maTi mrevli da sxva islamuri
religiuri dawesebulebebi.
qarTvel muslimTa kavSiris warmomadgenlis, tariel nakaiZis
mier mowodebuli informaciiT, saqarTveloSi muslimTa Temi
imarTeboda amierkavkasiis sruliad muslimTa sammarTvelos
mier da muslimebi 2001 wlidan mimarTavdnen saxelmwifos, rom
saqarTvelos muslimTa sammarTvelo Seqmniliyo. TumcaRa,
tariel nakaiZis azriT, sruliad saqarTvelos muslimTa sam-
marTvelos damfuZneblebi arian ara muslimTa TemisTvis sa-
surveli da sando adamianebi, aramed saxelmwifos mier SerCeu-
li pirebi. sammarTvelos reorganizaciac mxolod saxelmwifos
SeuZlia damfuZneblebis meSveobiT. tariel nakaiZis azriT,
sammarTvelos saxelmwifos mier erTpirovnulad dafuZnebam
73 iqve, par. 62.
78

gamoiwvia is, rom xelisuflebis Seqmnilma organizaciam ver
moipova Temis aRiareba.
2012 wels xelisuflebis cvlilebis Semdeg, muslimurma orga-
nizaciebma SesTavazes xelisuflebas, rom maTi monawileobiT
momxdariyo sammarTvelos reorganizacia. amis nacvlad 2014
wlis 9 ianvars miRebul iqna gadawyvetileba, rom sammarTvelo
daSliliyo sam nawilad: dasavleTis muslimTa sammarTvelo,
aRmosavleTis muslimTa sammarTvelo da Seixis instituti, ra-
sac eTnikuri niSniT muslimebis dayofis efeqti hqonda.
damatebiT saxelmwifos miTiTebiT gadadga Siitebis Seixi v. a..
mis nacvlad dainiSna ramin igidovi. sunit muslimebs ar misces
saSualeba, Tavad aerCiaT mufTi. rogorc tariel nakaiZem aR-
niSna, mufTi realurad ar aris gadawyvetilebis mimRebi piri
da sammarTvelos saxelmwifos miTiTebebis Sesabamisad mar-
Tavs resan gogitiZe, romelic oficialurad organizaciis aR-
masrulebeli direqtoria.
saxelmwifos mier yvela meCeTsa da sasuliero pirze iuris-
diqciis mqone organizaciis Seqmna da am organizaciis erT-
pirovnuli marTva muslimTa Temisgan damoukideblad da
warmomadgenlobis principebis ugulebelyofiT SerCeuli
damfuZneblebisa da aRmasrulebeli direqtoris meSveobiT
warmoadgens muslimTa Temis avtonomiis ugulebelyofas, rac,
erTi mxriv, muslimTa Temis wevrebis religiis TavisuflebaSi
gaumarTlebeli Carevaa da, meore mxriv, muslimTa TemSi ganxe-
Tqilebisa da dapirispirebis realur safrTxes qmnis.
7. rekomendaciebi xelisuflebisadmi
saqarTvelos parlaments, saqarTvelos mTavrobas:
1. saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli eklesiis preferencire-
buli mopyrobis aRmosafxvrelad sxva religiuri gaerTiane-
79
bebisTvis msgav si sagadasaxado SeRavaTebis uzrunvelyofa
an sagadasaxado Se RavaTebis, iseve rogorc sxva finansuri
daxmarebis axleburi politikis SemuSaveba, romelic yvela
religiuri gaerTianebis Tanaswor mopyrobaze iqneba da-
fuZnebuli da, imavdroulad, sajaro resursebs gonivrulad
da gamWvirvaled gamoiyenebs naTlad deklarirebuli saja-
ro miznebisTvis;
2. sabWoTa kavSiris dros miyenebuli zianis anazRaurebis
erTiani politikis SemuSaveba, romelic ar iqneba mimarTu-
li gaurkveveli kriteriumebiT SerCeuli ramdenime aRm-
sareblobisTvis Tanxis gaurkveveli vadiT gadaxdaze da amis
nacvlad daefuZneba istoriulad miyenebuli zianis kvlevis
obieqtur Sedegebs;
3. saxelmwifo qonebis Sesaxeb saqarTvelos kanonis me-3
muxlis safuZvelze arsebuli diskriminaciis aRmofxvra, rac
gulisxmobs sajaro samarTlis iuridiuli piris formiT
arsebuli nebismieri religiuri gaerTianebisTvis uflebis
miniWebas, mTavrobis gankargulebis safuZvelze pirdapiri
miyidvis wesiT SeiZinon qoneba, rac amJamad mxolod saqarT-
velos marTlmadidebeli eklesiis privilegias warmoadgens.
4. religiis saqmeTa saagentos arsebobis aucileblobisa da man-
datis Sesaxeb sajaro diskusiis inicireba dainteresebuli mxa-
reebis CarTulobiT.
saqarTvelos ganaTlebis saministros:
zogadsaganmanaTleblo dawesebulebebis mier indoqtri-
naciisa da prozelitizmis akrZalvis sakanonmdeblo moT-
xovnebis Sesrulebaze kontrolis gamkacreba da saministros
sistemaSi Semavali TanamSromlebis mier am moTxovnebis
darRvevebze efeqturi reagireba saTanado pasuxismgeblo-
bis dakisrebis saxiT.
80

saqarTvelos Sinagan saqmeTa saministros, saqarTvelos
iusticiis saministros, saqarTvelos prokuraturas:
sisxlis samarTlis politikis gamkacreba religiuri Seuwyna-
reblobis motiviT Cadenil danaSaulebze, rac uzrunvelyofs
samarTaldamrRvevi pirebis identuri qcevis gameorebis pre-
vencias, gansakuTrebiT, rodesac saqme exeba sajaro moxelee-
bis mier religiuri niSniT diskriminaciasa da adamianTa Ta-
nasworuflebianobis darRvevas.
saqarTvelos saerTo sasamarTloebs:
1. sabWoTa kavSiris mier CamorTmeuli sakulto nagebobis
dabrunebasTan dakavSirebul davebSi identuri testis gamo-
yeneba saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli eklesiisa da yvela
sxva religiuri gaerTianebis mimarT, ise, rom maqsimalurad
uzrunvelyon Senobebis istoriuli warmomavlobis gamokvle-
va da sakulto nagebobebis Sesabamisi religiuri TemebisTvis
dabruneba, rac maTi rwmenisa da aRmsareblobis konstituci-
uri Tavisuflebis dacvis interesiTaa uzrunvelyofili;
2. religiuri Seuwynareblobis motiviT Cadenil danaSauleb-
Si motivis sasjelis damamZimebel garemoebad Seracxva da
statistikis warmoeba sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 53-e mux-
lis 3
1
nawilis mixedviTac, raTa religiuri Seuwynareblo-
bis motiviT Cadenili danaSaulebis intensivobasa da masTan
brZolis saWiroebebze sruli suraTi arsebobdes rogorc sa-
samarTloebisTvis, aseve sxva gadawyvetilebis mimRebi pire-
bisTvis.
3. samSeneblo nebarTvis gacemis procesSi administraciuli
organoebis mier Cadenili darRvevebis mkacri kontroli da
maT mier TviTnebobis riskis saTanadod Sefaseba da Sesabami-
si meqanizmebis SemuSaveba, raTa nebarTvis maZiebels ar daeki-
sros administraciuli organos umoqmedobis mTeli tvirTi.
81

1. religiis Temaze sajaro
gancxadebebis mimoxilva
saangariSo periodSi gaanalizda politikosTa sajaro gancxa-
debebi 10 gansxvavebuli movlenis Taobaze bolo erTi wlis
(2013 wlis maisi - 2014 wlis aprili) ganmavlobaSi.
religiis Tema pirdapir an iribad dakavSirebuli iyo Semdeg
movlenebTan:
2013 wlis 17 maisis aqcia, homofobiasa da
transfobiasTan brZolis saerTaSoriso dRe; (2013
wlis 16 - 31 maisi)
dedofliswyaros raionis sofel samTawyaroSi
muslimebis uflebebis darRveva (2013 wlis 31 maisi -
10 ivlisi)
sofel WelaSi minareTis demontaJi;
(2013 wlis 26 agvisto - 2 seqtemberi)
adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis kanonproeqti
(2013 wlis noemberi-dekemberi)
incidenti xanuqas dResaswaulze (2013 wlis 4 - 11
dekemberi)
saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli samociqulo
avtokefaluri eklesiis patriarqis 2014 wlis saSobao
epistole (2014 wlis 6-10 ianvari)
oTxi religiuri konfesiis dafinansebis iniciativa
(2014 wlis 27 ianvari - 10 Tebervali)
82

kanonproeqtis diskriminaciis yvela formis
aRmofxvris Sesaxeb ganxilva/kanonis miReba
(2014 wlis 16 aprili - 5 maisi)
kvlevis periodSi mimovixileT 42 politikosis 75 gancxadeba. 42
politikuri subieqtidan 14 maTgani (koalicia qarTuli ocne-
ba 12, nacionaluri moZraoba 2) mTavrobas warmoadgenda,
20 maT gani (koalicia qarTuli ocneba 15, nacionaluri mo-
Zraoba - 5) saparlamento umravlesobas da umciresobas, 8 po-
litikuri subieqti arasaparlamento partiebs (nacionaluri
moZraoba 2, qarTuli ocneba 2, qarTuli dasi 1, nino
burjanaZe erTiani opozicia 1, Tavisufali saqarTvelo - 1,
qristian-demokratiuli moZraoba 1).
monitoringis Sedegad gamovlinda, rom religiasa da religi-
ur instanciebTan ama Tu im saxiT dakavSirebuli mniSvnelovani
movlenebis komentirebisas politikosebi, saxelmwifo da sajaro
moxeleebi xSirad ar icaven religiuri neitralurobis princips
da movlenas, situacias afaseben mikerZoebulad, piradi religi-
uri poziciidan anda meinstrimuli religiuri koniunqturidan
gamomdinare, Tumca, amasTanave, mniSvnelovania imis aRniSvnac,
rom, rogorc xelisuflebis zogierTi lideri, aseve saparla-
mento opoziciis warmomadgenlebi ar eridebian sakiTxebisadmi
principuli, Tanasworuflebianobis, tolerantobisa da seku-
larobis principebze dafuZnebuli poziciebis gamoxatvasac.
1.1. 17 maisis movlenebi
2013 wlis 17 maiss homofobiasa da transfobiasTan brZolis
saerTaSoriso dRisadmi miZRvnili demonstraciisas marTlma-
didebeli sasuliero pirebisa da maTi mxardamWeri mrevlis
fizikuri Zaladoba aqciis monawileebze da samarTaldam-
cavebis reagireba aRniSnul faqtebze politikosTa nawilma
adekvaturad Seafasa, nawilma ki, sajaro gancxadebebSi dagmo
Zaladobis aqti, Tumca, marTlmadidebeli sasuliero pirebis
pasuxismgeblobis Taobaze mwvave gancxadebebi ar gaukeTebia.
83
aseve xSiri iyo politikosTa mxridan homofobiuri gamonaTq-
vamebi da seqsualuri orientaciis niSniT adamianTa diskrimi-
naciis SemTxvevebi. seqsualuri umciresobebis aqtiuroba zo-
gierTma politikurma subieqtma yofil mmarTvel Zalas, er-
Tian nacionalur moZraobas daukavSira da am gziT mosaxleo-
bis im nawilSi, vinc marTlmadidebeli eklesiis Rirebulebebs
iziarebs, politikuri opoziciis diskreditacias Seecada.
17 maisis movlenebs gamoexmaura 14 politikuri subieqti.
maTgan 3 subieqtis gancxadebebi ar Seesabameboda sekularu-
li saxelmwifos principebs (1 warmoadgens arasaparlamento
opozicias partia Tavisufal saqarTvelos, 2 koalicia
qarTul ocnebas); 11 politikuri subieqtis gancxadeba Seesa-
bameboda sekularobis principebs (5 maTgani warmoadgens mTav-
robas, 2 nacionalur moZraobas, 3 subieqti saparlamento
umravlesobas koalicia qarTul ocnebas, 2 saparlamento
umciresobas nacionalur moZraobas, 1 ki arasaparlamento
subieqtia koalicia qarTuli ocnebidan).
sekularobis principebs Seesabameba Semdegi
politikuri subieqtebis gancxadebebi:
saqarTvelos prezidenti mixeil saakaSvili:
saqarTveloSi cxovrobs mravali eTnikuri jgufisa da re-
ligiuri konfesiis warmomadgeneli, sxvadasxva orientaciis
xalxi da maT aerTianebs is, rom moqmedebs kanonebi, romel-
Ta winaSe yvela Tanasworia da, maT Soris, roca arRveven, am
SemTxvevaSic aris Tanaswori... (21 maisi, 2013 weli, tabula,
mixeil saakaSvili: saqarTveloSi arasdros iqneba fundamen-
talizmis farTo problema).
saqarTvelos mTavroba
premier-ministri biZina ivaniSvili 17 maisis movlenebs 10
dRis ganmavlobaSi samjer gamoexmaura. ivaniSvilis TqmiT,
84

nebismieri moqalaqe, maT Soris sasuliero piri, bralis
damtkicebis SemTxvevaSi pasuxs agebs kanonis winaSe (26 maisi
2013; netgazeTi, ivaniSvili: eklesiis saxelmwifosgan damou-
kidebloba unda gavaRrmaoT).
msgavsi Sinaarsis gancxadebebi gaakeTes ganaTlebis ministrma
giorgi margvelaSvilma da Tavdacvis ministrma irakli ala-
saniam, maT dagmes Zaladoba da aRniSnes, rom kanonis winaSe
pasuxi yvelam unda agos.
mTavrobidan yvelaze mwvave da kritikuli gancxadeba 17 maisis
movlenebze uSiSroebis sabWos mdivanma giga bokeriam gaakeTa.
nebismieri sasuliero piri, romelic Zaladobas Caidens an
aSkara safrTxisSemcvel viTarebaSi Zaladobisken mouwodebs,
saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT sCadis danaSauls da yvelam
unda agos pasuxi. imedi maqvs, eklesiaSic aRmoCndebian adami-
anebi, vinc amas ityvis. Tumca, samwuxarod, dRes rac vixileT,
moraluri iniciativa sasuliero pirebSi hqondaT maT, vinc
siZulvils qadagebs da sCadis TviTon Zaladobas. es adamiane-
bi unda iyvnen dasjilni kanonis safuZvelze (17 maisi, 2013;
tabula, giga bokeria: damnaSaveebi unda daisajon).
saparlamento umravlesoba
sekularobis principebs Seesabameboda koalicia qarTuli oc-
nebis wevris, daviT usufaSvilis gancxadeba, romelmac yura-
dReba gaamaxvila kanonis uzenaesobaze da aRniSna, rom arc
erTi Sexedulebis, organizaciis Tu religiuri mrwamsis war-
momadgenels ara aqvs imuniteti (18 maisi 2013 weli; netgaze-
Ti, daviT usufaSvili: policiam airCia absoluturad swori
gamosavali).
levan berZeniSvilis TqmiT, xelisuflebam sekularuli saxel-
mwifos principebi unda daicvas da samarTaldamrRvevma sasu-
liero pirebma pasuxi unda agon. berZeniSvilma aseve gaakritika
patriarqis mowodeba 17 maisis RonisZiebis akrZalvis Taobaze.
85
rogorc ki mRvdeli iqneba Tu sxva taburets xels daavlebs
da im taburets Cems Tavze daamxobs, mama RmerTi ver uSvelis,
qarTuli kanonebi gaasamarTlebs mas (29 maisi 2013; netgaze-
Ti, levan berZeniSvili: Cven unda miviyvanoT sekularizaciis
sakiTxebi bolomde).
TinaTin xidaSeli
...reagireba aq unda iyos calsaxa da yvela moZaladem, rom-
lis identificirebac SesaZlebelia, unda agos pasuxi (17 mai-
si, 2013 weli; rusTavi 2, gadacema pozicia).
saparlamento umciresoba
partia nacionaluri moZraobis wevrebma zurab jafariZem da
giorgi gabaSvilma satelevizio gadacemebSi kritikuli gancxa-
debebi gaakeTes samarTaldamrRvevi sasuliero pirebis Taoba-
ze da damnaSaveebis dasja moiTxoves.
arasaparlamento partiebi
koalicia qarTuli ocnebis wevrma daviT zurabiSvilma saqa-
rTveloSi religiuri nacionalizmis aRmavlobas gausva xazi,
romelic kidev erTi Znelad da mtkivneulad mosaSorebeli
saxadia (2013 wlis 13-19 maisi, asaval-dasavali, me-19 nomeri,
gv. 14-15).
sekularobis principebs ar Seesabameba Semdegi
politikuri subieqtebis gancxadebebi:
saqarTvelos mTavroba
energetikis ministrma kaxa kalaZem Sss-s muSaoba aqciis dRes
dadebiTad Seafasa, gancxadebaSi kalaZem aseve xazi gausva sa-
kuTar religiur mrwamss da aRniSna, rom nebismieri Zalado-
ba an mowodeba Zaladobisken aris araqristianuli (17 maisi
86

2013; tabula, kalaZe: Zaladobisa da kanondarRvevis gareSe
moxda situaciis kontrolireba).
saparlamento umravlesoba
koalicia qarTuli ocnebis wevrma, parlamentarma zviad
ZiZigurma 2013 wlis 21 maiss rusTavi 2-is gadacema arCevan-
Si ganacxada, rom kanonis winaSe yvela Tanasworia da mo-
Zalade unda daisajos. Tumca, ZiZigurma aseve aRniSna, rom
ar emxroba seqsualuri umciresobebis reklamirebas sazoga-
doebaSi (21 maisi 2013; rusTavi 2, gadacema arCevani).
arasaparlamento opozicia
aRsaniSnavia, rom RonisZiebamde erTi dRiT adre saqarTvelos
patriarqma ilia meorem saqarTvelos mTavrobasa da Tbili-
sis merias parlamentis win aqciis gamarTvisTvis gacemuli
nebarTvis gauqmebisa da lgbt Temis uflebebis SezRudvisken
mouwoda.
74
swored aRniSnuli mowodebis gauTvaliswineblo-
bis gamo gaakritika saqarTvelos imdroindeli premier-minis-
tri biZina ivaniSvili partia Tavisufali saqarTvelos li-
derma kaxa kukavam. kukavam gaamarTla Zaladoba lgbt Temis
warmomadgenlebze da liberaluri Rirebulebebis mqone sapa-
rlamento partiebi geiaRlumis mowyobaSi daadanaSaula. man
aseve gaamarTla sasuliero pirebis Zaladoba lgbt jgufis
mxardamWerTa gamomwvevi qcevis gamo.
kaxa kukava: patriarqma xom sagangebod ganacxada, dapirispi-
rebis Tavidan asacileblad gadavdoT da nu CavatarebT am
homoseqsualebis mxardamWer aqciaso? ratom ar daugdo yuri
ivaniSvilma patriarqis moTxovnas? imitom, rom mas surda
amerikisTvis eCvenebina, naxeT, rogor vicav adamianis gamox-
atvis Tavisuflebaso! (asaval-dasavali, 2013 wlis 13-19
maisi, me-19 nomeri, gv. 14-15).
74 htp://www.netgazet.ge/GE/105/News/19650/.
87
1.2. sofel samTawyaroSi mimdinare movlenebi
sofel samTawyaroSi 2013 wlis mais-ivnisSi gamovlenili re-
ligiuri konfliqtis dros adgilobriv muslimebs ar miecaT
tradiciuli paraskevis locvis Catarebis saSualeba. marTl-
madidebeli qristianebi samlocvelos ramdenjerme daesxnen
Tavs da xojas sakuTrebis warTmeviTa da sicocxlis ganad-
gurebiT daemuqrnen.
samTawyaros movlenebs gamoexmaura 4 politikuri subieqti.
yvela maTgani warmoadgenda mTavrobas, romelic koalicia qa-
rTulma ocnebam daakompleqta. maTgan mxolod reintegraciis
sakiTxebSi saxelmwifo ministris, paata zaqareiSvilis, erTi
gancxadeba Seicavda muslimebis dacvisken mowodebas. Tumca,
mogvianebiT zaqareiSvilma Jurnal tabulasTan interviuSi
uaryo qarTvel muslimebze Zaladobisa da religiuri ritu-
alebis SesrulebisTvis xelis SeSlis faqti da ganacxada, rom
muslimebs sajaro sivrcis nacvlad, SeuZliaT privatulad, Sin
ilocon.
premier-ministr biZina ivaniSvilis, sofel samTawyaros rwmu-
nebulis, gulo nadiraSvilis, da dedofliswyaros munici-
palitetis gamgeblis, irakli SiolaSvilis, gancxadebebi ar
Seesabameboda sekularuli saxelmwifos principebs. 2 subieq-
tis, gulo nadiraSvilisa da irakli SiolaSvilis, gancxadebe-
bi gamoxatavda mxolod sapatriarqos intere sebs.
rogorc mediaSi gamoqveynebuli gancxadebebis mimoxilvidan
Cans, sajaro pirebi muslimebis uflebebis darRvevis aSkara
faqtebis miuxedavad, ar aRiarebdnen problemis simwvaves, kon-
fliqts xelovnurad provocirebuls uwodebdnen, arRvevdnen
religiuri neitralitetis princips da umravlesobis ufle-
bebis dacvis aucileblobaze miuTiTebdnen. metic, soflis rwmu-
nebuli adgilobrivi qristianebis mier muslimebis uflebebis
SezRudvas emxroboda.
muslimTa devnis dawyebidan ori kviris Semdeg, 2013 wlis 14
ivniss, sofelSi Cavida reintegraciis sakiTxebSi saxelmwifo
88

ministri paata zaqareiSvili. Tumca, misma stumrobam viTareba
ver ganmuxta. ministris vizitis dRes samTawyaroeli muslime-
bi sofelSi arsebuli daZa bulobis gamo, tradiciul locvas ar
daswrebian. ori kviris Semdeg, 2013 wlis 28 ivniss, adgilobrivi
qristianebis jgufi SeiWra s. x.-s saxlSi da samlocvelos gauqme-
ba moiTxova, winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, xojas saxlis dawviTa da
soflidan gaZevebiT daemuqrnen. 2013 wlis 3 ivniss premier- mi-
nistri biZina ivaniSvili muslimebze Zaladobis faqts preskon-
ferenciaze gamoexmaura. man konfliqtis simwvavidan gamomdinare,
muslimebisTvis miyenebuli ziani araadekvaturad Seafasa. pre-
mier-ministrma konfliqts xelovnurad inspirirebuli da wina
mTavrobis 9-wliani mmarTvelobis gadmonaSTi uwoda.
umciresobebis uflebebis
dacvis gamomxatveli gancxadebebi:
saqarTvelos mTavroba
reintegraciis sakiTxebSi saxelmwifo ministri paata zaqa-
reiSvili sofelSi Sexvda rogorc muslim, ise marTlmadide-
bel mosaxleobas. man marTlmadidebel mosaxleobasTan sau-
brisas aRniSna, rom erTi musli mic rom cxovrobdes sofelSi,
mas unda hqondes locvis ufleba (netgazeTi, muslimebis
locvas samTawyaroSi paata zaqareiSvili daeswro, 14 ivnisi,
2013 weli).
gancxadebebi, romlebic mxolod erTi konfesiis
interesebs gamoxatavs:
saqarTvelos mTavroba
reintegraciis sakiTxebSi saxelmwifo ministri paata zaqa-
reiSvili:
axali xelisuflebis amocana ar unda iyos, brmad dasajos vinme
mxolod imitom, rom sazogadoeba amas moiTxovs. mTeli Tvea,
89
viTarebaSi garkvevas vcdilob da jerjerobiT, erTi ojaxis
garda veravin vnaxe, vinc namdvilad ambobs, rom masze zewola
xdeba. es aris adgilobrivi xojas ojaxi...
jerjerobiT, ar gamokveTila, unda daisajos Tu ara vinme da
vin. im sazogadoebisTvis, romelic ar aris adgilze arasam-
Tavrobo organizaciebisTvis, presisTvis, iseTi suraTia Seqm-
nili, rom iq aSkarad viRacas xels uSlian locvaSi. adre mec
viyavi am stereotipis qveS, magram rom Cavedi, ver vnaxe adami-
anebi, romlebsac locvis saSualebas ar aZleven.
erT adamians ar sWirdeba paraskevis sajaro locva, misTvis
Sin locvac sakmarisia (Jurnali tabula, samTawyaroSi vera-
vin vnaxeT iseTi, visac locva undoda da amis saSualebas ar
aZlevdnen, 1-eli agvisto, 2013 weli).
adgilobrivi TviTmmarTveloba
sofel samTawyaros rwmunebulis, gulo nadiraSvilis, gancxa-
debaSi Cans, rom adgilobrivi xelisufleba konfliqtis dros
umravlesobis nebis gaTvaliswinebaze damyarebul diskrimi-
naciul praqtikas axorcielebda. rwmunebulma yvela konfesiis
warmomadgenlisTvis religiis Tavi suflebis uzrunvelyofis
sakiTxSi sakuTari pasuxismgebloba arasaTanadod Seafasa. misi
TqmiT, adgilobrivi qristiani mosaxleoba ewinaaRmdegeboda
muslimur salocavSi religiuri ritualis Catarebas da mosax-
leobis dapirispirebis procesSi misi roli umniSvnelo iyo.
...qristianuli sofelia, hereTidan wamosuli ingiloebi arian,
romlebmac SeinarCunes qristianoba, ar gvinda Cveno. arc Tvi-
Ton aWarel axalgazrdebs ar undaT muslimanuri samlocvelo,
mere soflidan gareT rom gavalT, ar gvinda, vinmem muslimano
aWarelo dagviZaxono, Torem aq arafer SuaSia dapirispireba.
mosaxleoba uwevs winaaRmdegobas, me ra ufleba maqvs, me var
saxelmwifo moxele (netgazeTi, soflis rwmunebuli uaryo-
fs, rom Tavadac uSlis xels muslimebs locvaSi, 2013 wlis 31
maisi).
90

dedofliswyaros municipalitetis gamgebelma irakli Sio-
laSvilma muslimebisTvis religiuri wesis aRsrulebisTvis
ukanonod xelis SeSla da maTTvis Sekrebis Tavisuflebis Sez-
Rudva legitimurad miiCnia.
sofelma gamoxata Tavisi neba, soflis neba aris uzenaesi adgi-
lobrivi TviTmmarTvelobisTvis da xalxs rac unda, ise iqneba
da xalxis neba aris is, rom ar gakeTdes samlocvelo saxli.
rac Seexeba konstituciur uflebas, vin sad ilocos da rogor
ilocos, im sam adamians, romlebic am sofelSi cxovroben da
surT, rom samlocvelo saxli hqondeT, maT samlocvelo aqvT
sakuTar saxlSi mowyobili da 37 wlis ganmavlobaSi loculo-
ben.
1.3. minareTis demontaJi sofel WelaSi
26 agvistos adigenis municipalitetis sofel WelaSi finans-
Ta saministros Semosavlebis samsaxuris sabaJo departamentis
mier meCeTis minareTis moSliTa da Zalovnebis mier muslimi
mosaxleobis fizikuri Seurac xyofiT uxeSad dairRva muslim-
Ta uflebebi. movlenebis ganviTarebaze negatiuri gavlena
iqonia saxelmwifo moxeleebisa da politikosTa upasuxismgeb-
lo gancxadebebma. am TvalsazrisiT, gansakuTrebiT SemaSfoTe-
beli iyo saqarTvelos premier-ministris, koalicia qarTuli
ocnebis prezidentobis kandidatis, giorgi margvelaSvilis,
iusticiis ministr Tea wulukianis, reintegraciis sakiTxebSi
saxelmwifo ministr paata zaqareiSvilisa da adamianis ufle-
baTa dacvisa da samoqalaqo integraciis komitetis Tavmjdoma-
ris eka beselias gancxadebebi.
saerTo jamSi, sofel WelaSi minareTis demontaJs gamoexmau-
ra 8 politikuri subieqti, romelTagan mxolod 2 Seicavda
muslimebis uflebebis dacvisken mowodebas (nacionaluri moZ-
raobis wevrebi saparlamento umciresobidan Ciora TaqTaq-
iSvili da arasaparlamento subieqtia prezidentobis kandi-
dati daviT baqraZe.), 6 politikuri subieqtis gancxadeba ki
91
SinaarsiT diskriminaciuli iyo (koalicia qarTuli ocnebis
warmomadgenlebi: 3 maTgani mTavrobidan, 1 saparlamento um-
ravlesobis wevri da 2 arasaparlamento politikuri subieq-
ti, prezidentobis kandidati qarTuli ocnebidan da partia
qarTuli dasis xelmZRvaneli).
gancxadebebis analizi cxadyofs, rom xelisuflebis warmo-
madgenlebi uaryofdnen religiuri niSniT diskriminacias
da muslimTa uflebebis uxeSi darRvevis faqtebs politikur
ZalTa Soris dapirispirebis WrilSi ganixilavdnen. mTavrobis
wevrebi ver axerxebdnen religiuri grZnobebis gamoxatvisas
piradi Sexedulebebisa da Tanamdebobrivi pasuxismgeblobis
gamijvnas da sajarod ayenebdnen eWvqveS religiuri umcireso-
bis sakulto nagebobebis, konkretul SemTxvevaSi ki, minareTis
arsebobis saWiroebas. arasaparlamento opoziciis warmomad-
genelma, politikuri partia qarTuli dasis xelmZRvanelma
jondi baRaTuriam minareTis aRmarTva TurqeTis eqspansias
daukavSira da es faqti politikuri mowinaaRmdegis winaaRm-
deg gamoiyena.
religiuri umciresobis mimarT diskriminaciuli
Sinaarsis an konteqstis mqone gancxadebebi:
saqarTvelos mTavroba
minareTis demontaJs 3 da 4 seqtembers saqarTvelos pre-
mier-ministri biZina ivaniSvili gamoexmaura. premier-minis-
trma ganacxada, rom minareTis mSenebloba kanondarRveviT
moxda da, Sesabamisad, TviTnebobasa da ukanonobaze xelisu-
fleba Tvals ver daxuWavs. ivaniSvilma aseve uaryo minareTis
demontaJis religiuri sarCuli. rogorc mTavrobis meTauri
aqcents gavakeTeb kanonze. ar SeiZleba ise moviqceT, rom erT
RameSi, diliT gaviRviZoT da minareTi dgas, romelic ara-
visTan SeTanxmebuli ar aris, proeqti ar arsebobs, adgilo-
brivi TviTmmarTveloba saqmis kursSi ar aris.
92

iusticiis ministri Tea wulukiani: ar aris gamoricxuli,
msgavsi SemTxvevebi [minareTis] sxvaganac dafiqsirdes, magram
es ar unda iyos tabudadebuli Tema da saqarTvelos sazo-
gadoebas unda SeeZlos isteriisa da dapirispirebis gareSe
gadawyvitos, unda iyos Tu ara saqarTveloSi minareTebi. es
sakiTxi sxvadasxva qveyanam sxvadasxvanairad gadawyvita. zog-
ma qveyanam referendumis saxiT Tqva minareTebze uari (net-
gazeTi, sazogadoebam isteriis gareSe unda gadawyvitos, unda
iyos Tu ara minareTebi, 2013 wlis 27 agvisto).
reintegraciis sakiTxebSi saxelmwifo ministri paata zaqa-
reiSvili: es minareTi, rogorc Cans, damontaJda ori Tvis
ukan. Sesabamisad, es moxda ukve im eskalaciis fonze, rac zo-
gadad arCevnebisa da axali xelisuflebis gamarjvebis Semdeg
xelovnurad iqmneba islamsa da saxelmwifos Soris (26 agvis-
to 2013 weli; netgazeTi, adigenSi aqciis monawileebi unda
daiSalon interviu paata zaqareiSvilTan).
saqarTvelos parlamenti
adamianis uflebaTa dacvisa da samoqalaqo integraciis komite-
tis Tavmjdomarem eka beseliam aseve uaryo muslimTa konsti-
tuciuri uflebebis darRveva da sakiTxi mSeneblobasTan daka-
vSirebuli samarTlebrivi problemebis WrilSi ganixila.
sofel WelaSi momxdar faqts religiuri mimdinareobis an
aRmsareblobisTvis xelis SeSlasTan kavSiri ara aqvs. es aris
samarTlebrivi tipis problemebi, romlebic ukavSirdeba mSen-
eblobas. taZris mSeneblobas, meCeTis mSeneblobas aqvs Tavisi
wesi. Zalian bevr evropul qveyanaSi aris eseTi precedenti,
rodesac xdeba swored sazogadoebrivi azris gamokiTxva da
maTi survilis gaTvaliswinebiT gadawyvetilebebis miReba.
Cven ratom ar unda vkiTxoT Cvens xalxs azri?
arasaparlamento partiebi
religiuri diskriminaciis motivi uaryo koalicia qarTuli
ocnebis prezidentobis kandidatma giorgi margvelaSvilma.
93
adigenis raionis sofel Welas Tema, romelic arsebobs da
romelic realurad ar arsebobs, Zalian male gadawydeba...
(27 ivlisi, axali ambebis saagento).
me mixaria, rom umaRlesi sasuliero pirebi nergaven tol-
erantobis kulturas da, bunebrivia, maT mihyveba mrevlic.
saxelmwifo am procesebSi, bunebrivia, imuSavebs mxolod
rogorc religiuri tolerantobis da... ZiriTadad, agreTve
samarTlebrivi procesebis garantad (30 agvisto, tabula,
margvelaSvili: mixaria, rom umaRlesi sasuliero pirebi ner-
gaven tolerantobas).
qarTuli dasis liderma jondi baRaTuriam minareTis aRmarT-
vis faqti da regionSi daZabuloba TurqeTis interesebs dauka-
vSira. misi gancxadeba muslimi moqalaqeebis Seuracxmyofeli da
diskriminaciuli iyo.
Turquli specsamsaxurebi Zalian aqtiurad muSaoben. maTi
agentura daverbovkebuli moRalate qarTvelebi arian, rom-
lebsac religiur niadagze daZabulobebis Seqmna surT. isi-
ni amis gakeTebas gansakuTrebuli mondomebiT aWaraSi da
samcxe-javaxeTSi cdiloben, jondi baRaTuria (www.sazogadoe-
ba.ge; TurqeTis jaSuSurma qselma lamis aaoxra da aayirava
saqarTvelo, 28 noemberi, 2013).
baRaTuriam respublikuri partiis wevrebi gaakritika, radgan
adigenis sakrebuloSi misi fraqciis warmomadgenlebma WelaSi
minareTis aRmarTvas mxari dauWires. maT qmedebas baRaTuri-
am samSoblos Ralati uwoda. masalaSi gamoikveTa baRaTurias
negatiuri pozicia minareTis aRmarTvasTan dakavSirebiT.
samarcxvino politikosebis dro unda damTavrdes saqarTve-
loSi! vinc samSoblos RalatiT aris dakavebuli, xalxma maT
mimarT siZulvili Riad unda gamoxatos, jondi baRaTuria
(www.sazogadoeba.ge; TurqeTis jaSuSurma qselma lamis aaoxra
da aayirava saqarTvelo, 28 noemberi, 2013).
94

muslimTa uflebebis dacvisken mowodebis
Semcveli gancxadebebi:
saparlamento umciresoba
Welas minareTis demontaJis gamo SeSfoTeba gamoTqves er-
Tiani nacionaluri moZraobis warmomadgenlebma, prezidento-
bis kandidatma daviT baqraZem da saparlamento umciresobis
warmomadgenelma Ciora TaqTaqiSvilma.
daviT baqraZem ZalovanTa pasuxismgeblobis sakiTxze gaa-
maxvila yuradReba: Semosavlebis samsaxuris gauazrebel-
ma da ugunurma nabijma qveyanaSi daZabulobis axali keris
Sesaqmnelad pirdapiri maprovocirebeli roli iTamaSa (30
agvisto, 2013; tabula, baqraZe: Semosavlebis samsaxuris
nabijma maprovocirebeli roli iTamaSa).
umciresobis wevri Ciora TaqTaqiSvili: samarcxvinoa! sapa-
triarqo, marTlmadidebeli umravlesoba da xelisufleba
SeTanxmdnen, SeTanxmebulad SeuzRudon muslimebs aRmsare-
blobis Tavisufleba, minareTi manamde ar daabrunon Tavis
adgilze, sanam kanoniT ar akrZalaven saerTod minareTebis
dadgmas. Tan sapatriarqosTvis madloba vaTqmevinoT muslim-
Ta mufTis problemis umtkivneulod mogvarebis gamo. amaze
didi cinizmi Tu gaxsovT saerTod? premiers ki isev sZinavs,
ra Tqma unda! (29 agvisto, 2013 weli, tabula, verbatimi).

1.4. incidenti xanuqas dResaswaulze
kvlevis farglebSi SerCeul mediasaSualebebSi ar gamo-
qveynebula arc erTi politikosis sajaro gancxadeba, rome-
lic 2013 wlis 4 dekembers Tavisuflebis moedanze ebrauli
dResaswaulis, xanuqas darbevis faqts dagmobda.
xanuqas dResaswaulis sazeimo aRniSvna Tavisuflebis moedanze
20-mde moqalaqem gaaprotesta, maT Soris iyvnen marTlmadide-
beli sasuliero pirebic. orma moqalaqem plakatebi Camo-
95
xia da damontaJebuli tribuna daaziana. saprotesto aqciis
monawileebis gancxadebiT, dResaswaulis sajaro sivrceSi
aRniSvna marTlmadidebel mrevls Seuracxyofas ayenebda.
rodesac saqarTvelos prezidenti giorgi margvelaSvili sa-
patio stumris rangSi xanuqas sanTlebs anTebda, moqalaqeTa
nawilma mas mouwoda, ar aenTo sanTlebi. protestis miuxe-
davad, prezidentma ganacxada, rom misTvis didi pativi iyo
xanuqas dResaswaulis aRniSvnaSi monawileoba.
1.5. TviTmmarTvelobis kodeqsis miReba
sapatriarqosadmi xelisuflebis mikerZoebuli damo ki-
debuleba gamoikveTa TviTmarTvelobis kodeqsis miRebis
Taobaze gakeTebul sajaro gancxadebebSi. aRsaniSnavia, rom
farTo politikur speqtrSi kanonproeqtis calkeuli pun-
qtebis Sesaxeb diskusia mas Semdeg daiwyo, rac saqarTvelos
patriarqma kanoni uaryofiTad Seafasa. patriarqma ilia meo-
rem 4 dekembers sveticxovlis sakaTedro taZarSi qadagebisas
ganacxada, rom Tu saqarTvelos parlamenti TviTmmarTvelo-
bis kodeqss arsebuli formiT miiRebs, es qveyanas daSlamde
miiyvans.
am mimarTvis Semdeg parlamentSi kodeqsis sakomiteto gan xi-
l vebi ramdenime dRiT gadaido. deputatebis nawilma aRniSna,
rom patriarqis mosazreba maTTvis yovelTvis sayuradRebo
da mniSvnelovania.
sapatriarqosTan konsultaciis Semdeg, 2013 wlis 10 dekem-
bers, kanonmdeblebma Secvales kodeqsis is muxli, romel-
ic sapatriarqos problemurad miaCnda. deputatebis gada-
wyvetilebiT, TviTmmarTvelobis kodeqsSi arsebuli munici-
palitetTa regionuli gaerTianebebi samxareo sakonsulta-
cio sabWoebad gardaiqmneba.
kodeqsis ganxilvis Semdeg, partia qristian-demokratebis
wevrma levan vefxvaZem dadebiTad Seafasa is faqti, rom xe-
lisuflebam sapatriarqos azri gaiTvaliswina da konkretu-
li muxli mis miTiTebiT Secvala.
96

saerTo jamSi TviTmmarTvelobis kodeqsis Sesaxeb disku-
sias gamoexmaura 11 politikuri subieqti. maTgan mxolod 4
politikuri subieqtis gancxadeba Seesabameboda sekularuli
saxelmwifos principebs, 7 ki ara.
sekularuli saxelmwifos principebs Seesabameboda koalicia
qarTuli ocnebis 2 warmomadgenlis (saparlamento umravle-
soba), aseve nacionaluri moZraobis 2 warmomadgenlis gancxa-
debebi (1 saparlamento umciresoba, 1 arasaparlamento
opozicia). sekularuli saxelmwifos principebis Seusabamo
gancxadeba gaakeTes koalicia qarTuli ocnebis 5-ma wevrma
saparlamento umravlesobidan da arasaparlamento opozici-
is 2-ma warmomadgenelma (qristian-demokratebi, qarTuli
dasi).
sekularuli saxelmwifos principebs ar Seesabameba
Semdegi politikuri subieqtebis gancxadebebi:
saparlamento umravlesoba
adamianis uflebaTa dacvisa da samoqalaqo integraciis
komitetis Tavmjdomarem eka beseliam aRniSna, rom uwmindesis
pozicia sayuradReboa (netgazeTi, 2014 wlis 4 dekemberi).
sapatriarqos avtoritetze yuradReba gaamaxvila aseve koali-
cia qarTuli ocnebis wevrma, parlamentis vice-spikerma manana
kobaZixem: patriarqis pozicias Cven yurs vugdebT, yuradsaRe-
bia da mniSvnelovania (2013 wlis 4 dekemberi; netgazeTi).
saqarTvelos parlamentis dargobrivi ekonomikisa da ekono-
mikuri politikis komitetis Tavmjdomare zurab tyemalaZem
aRiara, rom sakomiteto ganxilvis gadadebis mizezi patriar-
qis pozicia iyo (tabula, tyemalaZe: sakomiteto ganxilvis
gadadebis erT-erTi mizezi patriarqi iyo, 5 dekemberi, 2013
weli).
patriarqTan Sexvedra da TviTmmarTvelobis kodeqsis gadaxed-
va dadebiTad Seafasa umravlesobis wevrma irakli sesiaSvil-
97
mac: rodesac sapatriarqom gancxadeba gaakeTa TviTmmarTve-
lobis reformaze, mTavroba, bunebrivia, ecdeboda Sexvedras
(tabula, tyemalaZe: sakomiteto ganxilvis gadadebis erT-er-
Ti mizezi patriarqi iyo, 5 dekemberi, 2013 weli).
saparlamento umravlesobis wevrma viqtor doliZem presas-
Tan ganacxada, rom xelisufleba sazogadoebis nebismieri war-
momadgenlis, miT ufro, kaTolikos-patriarqis mosazrebebs
aucileblad gaiTvaliswinebs.
Cven vusmenT uwmindess da unda vusmendeT kidec, imitom, rom
Zalian bevr saintereso da Wkvianur ideas gvTavazobs xolme
(5 dekemberi, 2013, sainformacio saagento pirveli).
sekularuli saxelmwifos principebs ar Seesabameboda koali-
cia qarTuli ocnebis deputatis, soso jaWvlianis gancxade-
bebi:
mandati ki ara, patriarqi yvela mandatze didia... yvela
sakiTxs patriarqs unda vuTanxmebdeT sulierebis gadasarCe-
nad... (6 dekemberi, 2013 weli, tabula, citatebi).
jaWvlianma gaakritika deputati Tamar korZaia, radgan man
patriarqis gancxadeba xelisuflebis funqciebSi Carevad Sea-
fasa. rogorc korZaiam aRniSna, patriarqis gancxadebas erTad-
erTi mizani aqvs, rom TviTmmarTvelobis reforma ar ganxor-
cieldes, korZaiam socialur qsel feisbuqSi dawera: xom ar
jobda erTi saparlamento mandati gadagveca patriarqisTvis?!
arasaparlamento opozicia
partia qarTuli dasis liderma jondi baRaTuriam gazeT
asaval-dasavalTan interviuSi aRniSna, rom patriarqis kri-
tikis gamo korZaia mosaxleobam parlamentidan unda gamoiy-
vanos. baRaTuriam politikur Zalebs, romlebmac TviTmmarT-
velobis Sesaxeb kodeqss mxari dauWires, antiqarTuli Zalebi
uwoda (asaval-dasavali, 2013 wlis 9-15 dekemberi, gv. 7).
98

qristian-demokratiuli moZraobis lideri levan vefxvaZe:
kargia, rom xelisufleba wavida daTmobaze da sabWoebi im
formiT, ra formiTac Tavidan iyo gaTvaliswinebuli, aRar
Seiqmneba, ar iqneba es sajaro samarTlis iuridiuli pirebi
da qveynis separaciis safrTxe aRar iarsebebs (2013 wlis 10
dekemberi; for.ge; TviTmmarTvelobis kodeqsi rogor iqmneba
produqti).
politikuri subieqtis gancxadeba
Seesabameba sekularuli saxelmwifos principebs:
koalicia qarTuli ocnebis warmomadgenelma Tamar korZaiam pa-
triarqis gancxadeba eklesiis saxelisuflebo funqciebSi Carevad
Seafasa (2013 wlis 4 dekemberi, tabula, korZaia: xom ar jobda
erTi saparlamento mandati gadagveca patriarqisTvis?!).
SeiZleba iTqvas, rom sasuliero ierarqis mowodebis deputa-
tiseuli Sefaseba gadaWarbebulia. sekularizmi saeklesio da
saero xelisuflebis separacias gulisxmobs. am dros xelisu-
fleba icavs religiur neitralitets, ar ereva religiuri in-
stitutebis saqmianobaSi da arc sasuliero liderebs aZlevs
politikuri Zalauflebis ganxorcielebis saSualebas. Tumca, sa-
suliero pirs, iseve, rogorc nebismier moqalaqes, aqvs sityvisa
da azris gamoxatvis Tavisufleba.
ar SeiZleba patriarqi akeTebdes gancxadebas imis Taobaze, rom
riskebs Seicavs TviTmmarTvelobis kodeqsi, romelic, darw-
munebuli var, naxevarze mets wakiTxuli ara aqvs Tavidan bo-
lomde. amitom, Tu patriarqi mouwodebs sazogadoebas aqtiuri
diskusiisaken, man Sefaseba ar unda gaakeTos, ra riskebs Seicavs
es kodeqsi (2013 wlis 4 dekemberi, netgazeTi, Tamar korZaia:
sapatriarqo zedmetad ereva saxelisuflebo saqmianobaSi).
aRniSnul konteqstSi, saparlamento umravlesobis wevris,
daviT usufaSvilis Sefaseba yvelaze adekvaturia da seku-
laruli saxelmwifos principebs Seesabameba.
99
daviT usufaSvili: Tu gvinda, rom civilizebuli qveyana
avaSenoT, maSin unda SeveguoT imas, rom saqarTvelo aris
yvelasi maT Soris, religiuri moRvawisac. patriarqi midis
arCevnebze da xmas aZlevs, amitom mas aqvs sruli ufleba da
Tavisufleba gamoxatos Tavisi mosazrebebi. Careva mxolod
maSin iqneba, Tu xelisufleba Carevs vinmes Tavis saqmeSi
(2013 wlis 6 dekemberi, telekompania rusTavi 2, gadacema
pozicia).
saparlamento umciresoba
saparlamento umciresobis erT-erTma liderma, pavle
kublaSvilma, telekompania rusTavi 2-is gadacema pozici-
aSi xazi gausva religiisa da saxelmwifos separaciisa da
sekularobis principebis dacvis mniSvnelobas.
pavle kublaSvili: ver gavige, saerTod rom araferi Tqmuli-
yo patriarqisgan, es kanonproeqti ar unda waekiTxaT, Tu na-
klebad aqtualuri iyo is reforma, romelic xorcieldeba?
TavisTavad es gancxadebebi arabunebrivia, rom ai, radgan pa-
triarqma mogviwoda, amitom wavikiTxavT am kanonproeqts...
me vfiqrob, rom mTavari problema aris politikisa da re-
ligiis, politikisa da eklesiis gamijvna da es ase unda mox-
des (2013 wlis 6 dekemberi, rusTavi 2, gadacema pozicia).
kublaSvilis msgavsad, erTiani nacionaluri moZraobis mdi-
vanma sagareo sakiTxebSi giga bokeriamac isaubra patriar-
qis gancxadebaze da religiisa da saxelmwifos urTierTgami-
jvnis aucileblobas gausva xazi.
giga bokeria: saubari separatizmis gaRvivebasa da qveynis
daSlis gegmaze ukeTes SemTxvevaSi aris sruli gauazrebloba
da CemTvis kategoriulad miuRebelia. unda gvesmodes, rom
saqarTveloSi saxelmwifo da eklesia gayofilia... (2013 wlis
7 dekemberi, tabula, bokeria: unda gvesmodes, rom saqarT-
veloSi saxelmwifo da eklesia gayofilia).
100

1.6. patriarqis 2014 wlis saSobao epistole
patriarqis 2014 wlis saSobao epistoles, romelic bavSvTa da
qalTa uflebebisa da sazogadod, umciresobebis jgufebisa
da maTi uflebebis damcveli organizaciebis winaaRmdeg iyo
mimarTuli, gamoexmaura 10 politikosi. maTgan 7 subieqtis
(3 mTavroba, koalicia qarTuli ocneba, 2 saparlamento
umravlesoba, koalicia qarTuli ocneba, 2 saparlamento
umciresoba, nacionaluri moZraoba) gancxadeba Seesabame-
boda sekularuli saxelmwifos principebs, 3 ki ara. maT
Soris iyo mTavrobis warmomadgeneli 1 subieqti koalicia
qarTuli ocnebidan, 1 koalicia qarTuli ocnebis wevri sa-
parlamento umravlesobaSi da 1 arasaparlamento opoziciis
warmomadgeneli partia Tavisufali saqarTvelo.
mTavrobis 1-ma warmomadgenelma gamoiyena seqsualuri ori-
entaciis niSniT diskriminaciuli terminebi.
xelisuflebis zogierTma warmomadgenelma gamoxata patriar-
qis sawinaaRmdego mosazreba, zogierTma ki sajaro gancxa-
debisgan Tavi Seikava. magaliTad, saqarTvelos premier-minis-
trma irakli RaribaSvilma Jurnalistebis kiTxvaze, eTanxme-
ba Tu ara epistoleSi gamoTqmul mosazrebebs, aRniSna, rom
am sakiTxSi ufro kompetenturi adamianebis rCeva sWirdeba
(netgazeTi, 16 ianvari, 2014 weli).
politikuri subieqtebis gancxadeba ar Seesabameba
sekularuli saxelmwifos principebs:
saqarTvelos mTavroba
sasjelaRsrulebisa da probaciis ministrma sozar subarma Ta-
vis gancxadebaSi mxari dauWira qadagebas, TviTidentificireba
moaxdina dominant religiur jgufTan da xazi gausva patri-
arqis moralur upiratesobas.
101
rodesac Cven vambobT, rom erTi mxriv, es aris qveyana, sa-
dac TiTqmis 90% am eklesiis Svilia da am eklesiis mrevlia,
am dros es sityvebi, romelic modis misi mRvdelmTavrisgan,
unda miviRoT imitom, rom es aris safuZveli qveynis simtkicis
(netgazeTi, 2014 wlis 7 ianvari, sozar subari: ojaxis siwmin-
deze aseTi aqcentebis gakeTeba ar aris SemTxveviTi).
saparlamento umravlesoba
adamianis uflebaTa dacvisa da samoqalaqo integraciis
komitetis Tavmjdomare eka beseliam ganacxada, rom Zalian
didi sifrTxilea saWiro iseT Temebze saubrisas, rogoricaa
patriarqis saSobao epistole. beseliam aRniSna, rom kritikiT
xSirad patriarqs daumsaxureblad guls stkenen. beseliam
dadebiTad Seafasa patriarqis epistoleSi gamoTqmuli mosaz-
rebebi, misi TqmiT, eklesiis winamZRolma isaubra qristianul
swavlebaze, ojaxur tradiciebze da mas ar mouwodebia suro-
gaciis gziT gaCenili bavSvebis uflebebis Selaxvisken.
patriarqs ar uTqvams, rom SevlaxoT uflebebi am bavSvebis
an ar gviyvardes, ar miviRoT isini da xeli vkraT daumor-
Cilebel colebs... netav SevZloT iseTi mimtevebloba, iseTi
siyvaru liT da sikeTiT erTi dRe cxovreba, rogorc es patri-
arqma SeZlo(2014 wlis 9 ianvari, tabula, eka beselia: suro-
gacia CvenTan biznesi da trefikingis wyaro gaxda).
arasaparlamento opozicia
partia Tavisufali saqarTvelos liderma kaxa kukavam
asaval-dasavalTan saubrisas sapatriarqosTan gamarTul
aqcias, romlis monawileebi xelovnuri ganayofierebis gziT
gaCenili bavSvebis Sesaxeb epistoleSi gamoTqmul mosazrebas
kritikulad afasebdnen, saxelmwifo usafrTxoebis winaaRm-
deg gadadgmuli nabiji uwoda.
kaxa kukava: diax, saqarTvelos sapatriarqosTan aqciis gamarT-
va da siZulviliT gaJRenTili is plakatebi, romlebic ninia
kakabaZesa da mis damqaSebs eWiraT, aris saqarTvelos kaTo-
102

likos-patriarqze xelis aRmarTva (2014 wlis 13-19 ianvari,
asaval-dasavali, N2, gv. 9, interviu kaxa kukavasTan).
politikuri subieqtebis gancxadeba Seesabameba
sekularuli saxelmwifos principebs:
saqarTvelos prezidenti giorgi margvelaSvili gamoexmaura
sapatriarqosTan aqciis darbevis faqts da aRniSna, rom Rir-
seuli, Tavisufali adamianebis sazogadoebaSi sruliad gau-
marTlebelia Zaladoba nebismieri sababiT (2014 wlis 9 ian-
vari; netgazeTi: prezidenti sapatriarqosTan momxdar inci-
dents exmaureba).
patriarqis epistole kritikulad Seafases iusticiis minis-
trma Tea wulukianma da premier-ministris TanaSemwem Tamar
CugoSvilma, saparlamento umciresoba erTiani nacionaluri
moZraobidan daviT darCiaSvilma da zurab jafariZem, koali-
cia qarTuli ocnebis warmomadgenelma Tamar korZaiam.
umravlesobis wevrma zviad kvaWantiraZem kritikuli SeniSv-
nebi gamoTqva epistoles Sinaarsobriv nawilze, Tumca, das-
Zina, rom ar sjera, rom es yvelaferi patriarqis surviliT
gaJRerda (2014 wlis 7 ianvari; tabula, zviad kvaWantiraZe:
ar mjera, rom es yvelaferi patriarqis surviliT gaJRerda).
1.7. mTavrobis iniciativa oTxi konfesiis
dafinansebasTan dakavSirebiT
2014 wlis 27 ianvris dadgenilebis Tanaxmad, saqarTvelos mTa-
vrobam pirdapiri, dotaciuri dafinanseba gamouyo saqarTve-
los sapatriarqos garda, kidev oTx religiur gaerTianebas.
aRniSnuli iniciativis mixedviT, dafinansebis gareSe darCnen
sxva religiuri gaerTianebebi, rac TavisTavad konfesiebis
ranJirebis mankier praqtikas warmoadgens.
103
dafinansebis aRniSnul modelSi arsebuli xarvezebisa da sxva
religiuri gaerTianebebis mimarT diskriminaciuli poli-
tikis miuxedavad, zogierTma politikosma oTxi religiuri
gaerTianebis dafinansebis Sesaxeb kritikuli mosazreba ga-
moTqva.
magaliTad, arasaparlamento opoziciis warmomadgenelma di-
mitri lorTqifaniZem iniciativas xelisuflebis marTlmadi-
debeli eklesiis winaaRmdeg mimarTuli qmedeba uwoda. misi
TqmiT, saqarTvelos saerTaSoriso liberaluri sazogadoebis
winaSe aqvs aRebuli valdebulebebi yvelanairi umciresobis
(maT Soris seqsualuri da religiuri) dacvis Sesaxeb, Tun-
dac sakuTari religiis dakninebis, Seuracxyofis xarjze.
dimitri lorTqifaniZe: laparakia ukve ara konfesiebis, ara-
med sxva religiuri mimarTulebebis dafinansebaze, rac yve-
lafers Tavi rom davaneboT, saxelmwifosa da eklesias Soris
gaformebuli konkordatiT ukanono faqtia. vinmem dasva ki-
Txva: Tu Cven somxur grigorianul eklesias davafinansebT,
amiT somxuri eklesia uars ityvis sadavo taZrebze? am ki-
Txvas aravin svams da modi, Cven davsvaT asaval-dasavalSi
(asaval-dasavali, 2014 wlis 3-9 ianvari, N5, gv. 35).
1.8. antidiskriminaciuli kanonproeqtis ganxilva
diskriminaciis yvela formis aRmofxvris Sesaxeb kanonproe-
qtis ganxilvisas sajaro diskursSi kidev erTxel gamoikve-
Ta saxelmwifoSi sekularizmis kuTxiT arsebuli gamowvevebi.
parlamentma kanoni pirveli mosmeniT 2014 wlis 17 aprils mii-
Ro, Tumca, sapatriarqos moTxovniT, masSi Sevida cvlilebe-
bi, romlebic kanonis interpretacias dominanti religiuri
jgufis interesebis gaTvaliswinebiT gvTavazobs. magaliTad,
ararelevanturia specialuri miTiTebis gakeTeba imis Taoba-
ze, rom kanonis arc erTi debuleba ar SeiZleba ganimartos
ise, rom igi ewinaaRmdegebodes saxelmwifosa da saqarTvelos
samociqulo avtokefalur marTlmadidebel eklesias Soris
konstituciur SeTanxmebas.
104

kanonis damtkicebamde, saqarTvelos sapatriarqom uaryofi-
Tad Seafasa kanonproeqtSi umciresobaTa jgufebis dacvis Se-
saxeb konkretuli miTiTebebi. marTlmadidebeli sasuliero
pirebisa da arasaparlamento opoziciis nawili moiTxovda,
rom kanonmdeblebs diskriminaciis safuZvlebis niSnebis Camo-
naTvalidan seqsualuri orientacia amoeRoT.
aRsaniSnavia, rom kanonproeqtis ganxilvas arasaparlamento
opoziciis warmomadgenlebsa da arasamTavrobo organizacie-
bTan erTad, sasuliero pirebi da marTlmadidebel mSobelTa
kavSiris wevrebi eswrebodnen. dekanozi daviT isakaZe im de-
putatebs, romlebic kanonproeqts mxars dauWerdnen, anaTema-
ze gadacemiT daemuqra.
75
miuxedavad imisa, rom politikosebis
umravlesoba aRniSnavda, rom kanons mxari dauWira, maTi gan-
cxadebebi xSir SemTxvevaSi erTi konfesiis midgomebs gamo-
xatavda da sapatriarqo sxva umciresobaTa jgufebTan Seda-
rebiT preferencirebul konteqstSi iyo moxseniebuli. aseve,
politikur narativSi gamoikveTa nacionaluri da religiuri
identobebis gaigivebis tendencia.
antidiskriminaciuli kanonproeqtis Sesaxeb gancxadeba gaake-
Ta 21-ma politikurma subieqtma, romelTagan mxolod 8 maTga-
nis gancxadeba Seesabameboda sekularuli saxelmwifos princi-
pebs, 13-is ki gamoxatavda sapatriarqos interesebs.
subieqtebi, visi gancxadebac Seesabameboda sekularuli saxel-
mwifos principebs: mTavroba qarTuli ocneba (1), saparlamen-
to umravlesoba qarTuli ocneba (4), saparlamento umcireso-
ba nacionaluri moZraoba (2), arasaparlamento politikuri
subieqti qarTuli ocneba (1).
sekularuli saxelmwifos principebs ar Seesabameboda Semdegi
subieqtebis gancxadebebi: mTavroba qarTuli ocneba (4), sa-
parlamento umravlesoba (8), arasaparlamento opozicia Tavi-
sufali saqarTvelo (1).
75 htp://cp.ge/ge/statacci.php?ID=14905.
105
amasTan, 3 SemTxvevaSi politikosebi axdendnen diskriminacias
seqsualuri orientaciis niSniT: saparlamento umravlesoba
qarTuli ocneba (1), mTavroba qarTuli ocneba (1), arasapar-
lamento opozicia qarTuli dasi (1).
saqarTvelos prezidentma giorgi margvelaSvilma ganacxada,
rom antidiskriminaciuli kanonis miuRebloba saqarTvelos
evropaSi integracias Seaferxebs. gadacema pirvel studiaSi
prezidentma xazi gausva sakuTar religiur kuTvnilebas da
kanonis mniSvneloba qristianuli msoflmxedvelobis prizmi-
dan ganixila.
me im religias vekuTvni, romelic ambobs, rom vinc ucod-
velia, man pirvelma isrolos qva, es is religiaa, romelSic
macxovari ambobs, rom sakuTar TvalSi dires ver xedavT da
sxvaTa TvalSi xedavT bewvs. es is religiaa, romelmac mTavari
aqcenti ara ubralod moyvasis siyvarulze, aramed mtris Sey-
varebaze gadaitana. Sesabamisad, nebismieri Cagvra, misi legi-
timacia CemTvis ara ubralod rogorc Tanamedrove samyaros
warmomadgenlisTvis, rogorc politikosisTvis, rogorc ada-
mianisTvis, romelsac unda rom saqarTvelo evropuli gziT wa-
vides, aramed rogorc qristianisTvis miuRebelia (30 aprili,
2014, axali ambebis portali new posts, giorgi margvelaSvili:
antidiskriminaciuli kanonis miRebiT aravin dazaraldeba).
gancxadebebi gamoxatavs sapatriarqos interesebs:
saqarTvelos mTavroba
premier-ministri irakli RaribaSvili gamoexmaura saqarTve-
los patriarqis gancxadebas da aRniSna, rom ilia meore brZe-
ni adamiania da man kargad icis, rasac akeTebs. misi TqmiT, ka-
nonproeqti ar uqmnis safrTxes qveynis tradiciebsa da faseu-
lobebs (30 aprili 2014, tabula, RaribaSvili: ar miviRebT
kanons, romelic qveynis interesebs safrTxes Seuqmnis).
106

iusticiis ministrma Tea wulukianma saero da sasuliero xe-
lisuflebis erTianobas gausva xazi da dasZina, rom yvelas
movaleobaa, Cveni sazogadoebis yvelaze TvalSi sacemi, pati-
vsacemi piri, sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi ar
anerviulos (30 aprili, 2014, tabula, wulukiani: iseTi ara-
feria, ramac erSi Tu berSi, vinme SeiZleba, SeaSfoTos).
afxazeTis avtonomiuri respublikis kulturisa da ganaTle-
bis ministrma dimitri jaianma asaval-dasavalTan interviu-
Si antidiskriminaciul kanonproeqtze saubrisas aRniSna, rom
saqarTveloSi umravlesobis uflebebi ilaxeba da marTlma-
didebeli mrevli preferencirebul konteqstSi moixsenia.
dimitri jaiani: ager, batono Cemo, mama gabrielis wminda
nawilebs milionamde adamianma miago pativi! am xalxs ra vu-
TxraT? am xalxs ara aqvs aTaswlovani rwmenisa da kulturis,
tradiciebisa da ojaxis dacvis ufleba?! yvela gamokiTxviT,
98 procenti emxroba da ndobas ucxadebs Cvens uwmindessa
da dedaeklesias! sad gagonila, rom orma procentma Tavis
Wkuaze ataros qveyana! RvTismSoblis wilxvedri miwa! Tanac
es ukuRmarT dReze gaCenilebi da maTi kudebi xom is 2 pro-
centic ar arian?! (2014 wlis 21-27 aprili, asaval-dasavali,
N16, gv. 16).
saparlamento umravlesoba
saqarTvelos parlamentis vice-spikerma, umravlesobis wevrma
manana kobaxiZem parlamentis iuridiuli komitetis sxdomaze,
sadac marTlmadidebeli eklesiis sasuliero pirebsa da ara-
samTavrobo organizaciebTan erTad antidiskriminaciul ka-
nons ganixilavdnen, aqcenti umravlesobis uflebebis dacvaze
gaakeTa.
weRan mamaom brZana, Tu Cemi ufleba dairRveva, vin daicav-
so. davicavT, mamao, namdvilad Tqvens uflebas, Tuki am kano-
nis miRebis Semdeg, Tqven dagemuqrebaT raime, imis gamo, rom
Tqven iqadageT da TqviT, rom es [homoseqsualoba] aris codva.
eklesiam unda Tqvas, rom es [homoseqsualoba] aris codva da
107
RmerTma nu qnas, rom eklesiam es ar Tqvas (29 aprili, 2014,
tabula, verbatimi).
adamianis uflebaTa dacvisa da samoqalaqo integraciis komi-
tetis Tavmjdomarem eka beseliam aRniSna, rom kanonis Sinaar-
sobrivi nawilis dasaxvewad konsultaciebs sasuliero pireb-
Tan gadis (27 aprili, 2014, netgazeTi). misive TqmiT, SesaZloa
kanonmdeblebma ar asaxon kanonSi is punqtebi, romlebsac sasu-
liero pirebi safrTxis Semcvelad miiCneven.
eka beselia: Cven mzad varT gavagrZeloT dialogi sasulie-
ro pirebTan da vesaubroT im adamianebs, romlebic kanonSi
xedaven iseT safrTxeebs, romelic ar Caideba. ar iqneba iseTi
Sedegebic, romelzec gancxadebebi sajarod keTdeba. mniSvne-
lovania, erTmaneTis poziciebi davaaxlooT da gavigoT (30
aprili 2014, tabula, eka beselia: mzad varT, gavagrZeloT
dialogi sasuliero pirebTan).
adamianis uflebaTa dacvisa da samoqalaqo integraciis komi-
tetis Tavmjdomaris moadgilem gedevan fofxaZem 16 aprils
telekompania tabulas eTerSi, gadacema fokusSi ganacxada,
rom misTvis misi religiuri kuTvnileba ufro mniSvnelovania,
vidre deputatis mandati.
SeiZleba me vcdebi da am kanoniT rame zaraldeba moralis
TvalsazrisiT. me mgonia, rom piriqiT es antidiskrimina-
ciuli kanonmdebloba adamianebis uflebebis standarts ufro
maRal safexurze ayenebs. magram Tu vinme ityvis, rom amiT
zaraldeba sayovelTaod aRiarebuli moraluri standartebi,
esec aris samarTlebrivi kategoria da unda SevjerdeT ama-
ze, dasabuTeba bolomde unda movisminoT (tabula, gedevan
fofxaZe: CemTvis Cemi religiuri kuTvnileba deputatobaze
ufro mniSvnelovania, 16 aprili, 2014 weli).
koalicia qarTuli ocnebis warmomadgenelma ivane kiRuraZem
aRniSna, rom rogorc yvela normalur qarTvels, masac Zalian
uyvars patriarqi da swored amitom dauWira mxari kanons (2014
wlis 5-11 maisi, asaval-dasavali, me-18 nomeri, gv. 10).
108

koalicia qarTuli ocnebis warmomadgenlis, soso jaWvlia-
nis ganmartebiT, man kanonproeqts mxari mas Semdeg dauWira,
rac darwmunda, rom masSi eklesiisTvis miuRebeli punqtebi
ar arsebobs.
soso jaWvliani: Cveni dedaeklesiis warmomadgenlebi ise
laparakoben, rogorc unda laparakobdnen... vidre kanons mivi-
RebdiT, iuristebsac vesaubre da damarwmunes, rom am kanonSi
eklesiisTvis miuRebeli da sagangaSo araferia (2014 wlis 5-11
maisi, asaval-dasavali, me-18 nomeri, gv. 10).
koalicia qarTuli ocnebis wevrma gubaz sanikiZem 1-el maiss
parlamentis plenarul sxdomaze sityviT gamosvlisas anti-
diskriminaciuli kanonis miRebis aucileblobaze isaubra da
aseve gaakritika arasamTavrobo organizaciebi, romlebic
eklesias dartymis qveS ayeneben.
eklesia aris Cveni sindisi, xandaxan Segvawuxebs da SevwuxdeT,
araferi ar gviWirs da dartymis qveS nu vayenebT amas. eklesia
da xelisufleba ganwiruli varT TanamSromlobisTvis, sxva
gza ara gvaqvs, imitom, rom dagvemxoba es qveyana (netgazeTi,
sanikiZe: ruis-urbnisis ganCinebaSi weria seqsualur umcire-
sobebze, 1 maisi, 2014).
koalicia qarTuli ocnebis wevrma, saparlamento umravle-
sobis warmomadgenelma nukri qanTariam, gazeT asaval-dasa-
valTan saubrisas ganacxada, rom xelisufleba ar dauSvebs
im Rirebulebebis propagandas, rasac eklesia ewinaaRmdegeba
(asaval-dasavali, me-18 nomeri, gv. 10, 2014 wlis 5-11 maisi).
koalicia qarTuli ocnebis warmomadgenelma zviad kvaWanti-
raZem feisbuqis pirad gverdze ganmarta, rom marTlmadide-
beli eklesiis moTxovniT kanonSi Sevida me-5 muxli, romlis
Tanaxmadac, srulad aris daculi eklesiis damoukidebloba.
kanoni maqsimalurad morgebulia qarTul realobas da yvela
niuansi maqsimalurad gaTvaliswinebulia (28 aprili, 2014).
109
arasaparlamento opozicia
burjanaZe erTiani opoziciis Tbilisis merobis kandidati
dimitri lorTqifaniZe saparlamento ganxilvebis dros anti-
diskriminaciuli kanonproeqtis avtorebs akritikebda imis gamo,
rom parlamentSi inicirebamde dokumentis ganxilva sapatriar-
qosTan ar momxdara. misi azriT, kanonproeqtis miRebisas mniSv-
nelovani iyo saxelmwifos sapatriarqos mosazreba gaeziarebina.
dimitri lorTqifaniZe: zustad es aris diskriminacia. iseT
mniSvnelovan institutTan, rogoric aris eklesia, ar yofila
ganxiluli es kanonproeqti. netgazeTi, isakaZe: antidiskri-
minaciuli kanoni ilia meoresTan da qorepiskoposebTan ar
ganxilula, 2014 wlis 16 aprili).
partia Tavisufali saqarTvelos xelmZRvanelma kaxa kukavam
antidiskriminaciul kanonproeqts mxari ar dauWira da gana-
cxada, rom aRniSnul sakiTxSi sapatriarqos pozicias iziarebs.
kaxa kukava: me asi procentiT viziareb eklesiis pozicias da
vacxadeb, rom es antidiskriminaciuli kanoni pirdapir ewi-
naaRmdegeba Cvens erovnul da saxelmwifoebriv interesebs! sa-
qarTveloSi diskriminaciis momxre aravin aris da Zaladobas
aravin amarTlebs, arc eklesia da arc opozicia. saqme isaa,
rom pirvelad saqarTvelos istoriaSi am xelisuflebam qar-
Tul kanonmdeblobaSi Cawera terminebi seqsualuri orienta-
cia da genderuli identoba (asaval-dasavali, me-18 nomeri,
gv. 15, 2014 wlis 5-11 maisi).
gancxadebebi Seesabameba sekularuli
saxelmwifos principebs:
saqarTvelos mTavroba
Serigebisa da samoqalaqo Tanasworobis sakiTxebSi saxelmwi-
fo ministrma paata zaqareiSvilma kanonproeqti dadebiTad
110

Seafasa da aRniSna, rom gadamwyveti sityva kanonmdeblebs
unda ekuTvnodeT.
kanonproeqti, romelic mTavrobam daamtkica, CemTvis misa-
Rebia. veTanxmebi da mgonia, rom unda gavides zustad ise,
rogorc Cven vTvliT, magram parlamenti aris ufro maRa-
li organo, Sesabamisad, mas aqvs Tavisi xedvebi. aqvs ufleba,
garkveulwilad Secvalos proeqti da koreqtivebi Seitanos.
sazogadoebaSi arsebuli sxvadasxva damokidebuleba ki bune-
brivia. saboloo jamSi, vfiqrob, politikuri gadawyvetileba
unda iyos miRebuli (1 maisi, 2014, tabula, zaqareiSvili:
antidiskriminaciuli kanonproeqti CemTvis misaRebia).
saparlamento umravlesoba
parlamentis Tavmjdomarem daviT usufaSvilma oponentebis
sapasuxod, romlebic kanonmdeblebs geipropagandaSi ada-
naSaulebdnen, ganucxada, rom antidiskriminaciuli kanoni
gansxvavebuli seqsualuri orientaciis propagandas ar em-
saxureba da kanonis amocana umciresobaTa jgufebis Zalado-
bisgan dacvaa. man aseve xazgasmiT aRniSna, rom diskriminaciis
safuZvlebis niSnebis CamonaTvalidan seqsualur orientacias
ar amoiReben, radgan es principuli sakiTxia da saxelmwifo
Zaladobas ar dauSvebs (tabula, usufaSvili: ar wamoegoT
spekulaciebs antidiskriminaciul kanonTan dakavSirebiT).
TinaTin xidaSelma gadacema poziciaSi mTavrobasa da ekle-
sias Soris antidiskriminaciuli kanonis gamo dapirispire-
bis faqti uaryo.
is faqti, rom aseTi tipis kanoniT bednieri ar aris sasu-
liero pirebis nawili. es normaluria... diskriminaciis akr-
Zalva sWirdeba qarTul saxelmwifos. iseTebi unda miviRoT
adamianebi, rogorebic arian... (2 maisi 2014, rusTavi 2 ,
gadacema pozicia).
koalicia qarTuli ocnebis deputatma Tamar korZaiam aRia-
ra, rom xelisufleba garkveul daTmobebze wavida sapatriar-
111
qosTan, Tumca, am kompromisis Sedegad miRebul cvlilebebs
Tavad deputati ar izia rebs.
warmodgenil kanonproeqtSi, romelsac Cven ganvixilavT,
me-5 muxlis me-2 punqti, romelic exeba imas, rom konstitu-
ciur SeTanxmebas am kanonis arc erTi debuleba ar unda ewi-
naaRmdegebodes, aris sruliad zedmeti debuleba. magram am
debulebas ar vaprotesteb, rogorc parlamentisa da umra-
vlesobis wevri, imitom, rom es iyo SeTanxmeba da es iyo im
molaparakebis Sedegi, rac swored sapatriarqosTan mimdina-
reobda, rogorc erT-erT instituciasTan qveyanaSi... swored
maTi moTxovna rom iyo aseTi, Cven es davafiqsireT. Tumca,
vTvli, rom am kanonSi is ar unda iyos (28 aprili 2014, tabu-
la, korZaia: kanon proeqti dacvis meqanizmebis kuTxiT cota
unda gamovacocxloT).
levan berZeniSvilma antidiskriminaciuli kanonproeqtis
gamo sapatriarqos winaaRmdegoba Seafasa, rogorc ganaTle-
basTan gaunaTleblobis dapirispireba.
instituti, romelic sabWoTa periodSi diskriminaciis sagani
TviTon iyo, diskriminaciisTvis ar unda ibrZodes. piriqiT,
mxarSi unda gvedges da gvexmarebodes, rom aravis diskrimi-
nacia ar moxdes, maT Soris religiuri motiviT (30 aprili
2014, tabula, levan berZeniSvili: ganaTlebas gaunaTle-
bloba upirispirdeba).
saparlamento umciresoba
erTiani nacionaluri moZraobis warmomadgenelma pavle ku-
blaSvilma gadacema poziciaSi aRniSna, rom politikosebma
dominanti religiuri jgufisadmi kuTvnileba sakuTari le-
gitimaciis wyarod ar unda gamoiyenon.
pavle kublaSvili: konsesusi, pirvel rigSi, politikur
Zalebs Soris unda iyos, rom ar arsebobdes problemebi ada-
mianis uflebebTan dakavSirebiT, gansxvavebuli adamianis,
gansxvavebuli mrwamsis gamo CagvrasTan dakavSirebiT, sxva-
112

dasxva mizezis gamo diskriminaciasTan dakavSirebiT. es pro-
blemebi unda gadawyviton politikosebma. zogierTi poli-
tikosi cdilobs, gamoiyenos garkveuli religiuri grZnobe-
bi, rom Tavisi pozicia daamkvidros (2 maisi 2014, rusTavi
2, gadacema pozicia).
nacionaluri moZraobis warmomadgenelma parlamentSi gior-
gi gabaSvilma gadacema poziciaSi xazi gausva umciresobaTa
jgufebis dacvis mniSvnelobas.
giorgi gabaSvili: saqarTvelo Sedgeba sxvadasxva eTnikuri,
religiuri, seqsualuri warmomadgenlebisgan, Cven unda vi-
cxovroT erTad da unda viswavloT, rom arc erT jgufs, miT
umetes, yvelaze dids, eTnikurad qarTvelebs, marTlmadide-
blebs, ar gvaqvs ufleba sxvisi uflebebis xarjze Cveni ufle-
bebi davicvaT (2 maisi, 2014, rusTavi 2, gadacema pozicia).
arasaparlamento opozicia
sekularobis principebs Seesabameboda arasaparlamento opo-
ziciis warmomadgenlis, daviT zurabiSvilis gancxadeba, ro-
melmac xazi gausva saeklesio da saero xelisuflebis gamij-
vnis aucileblobas.
daviT zurabiSvili: saqarTvelo aris sekularuli saxel-
mwifo da, bunebrivia, eklesias SeuZlia, gamoTqvas mosazreba
konkretul sakiTxebze, magram prerogativa aqvs saqarTvelos
parlaments da erTiani poziciaa, rom es kanoni unda iyos
swrafad miRebuli (29 aprili, 2014, rusTavi 2, gadacema
arCevani).
113

religiis safuZvelze diskriminaciis aRkveTisa da sekula-

rizmis TvalsazrisiT, saqarTvelos sagadasaxado da sabaJo,
zogad da umaRles ganaTlebasTan dakavSirebul kanonmdeblo-
baSi, saxelmwifo qonebis Sesaxeb saqarTvelos kanonSi, reli-
giis sakiTxTa saxelmwifo saagentos mandatsa da religiuri
gaerTianebebisTvis sabWoTa kavSiris dros miyenebuli zianis
anazRaurebis wesSi arsebobs xarvezebi. es sakanonmdeblo Car-
Cosa da religiis Tavisuflebis dacvis kuTxiT saxelmwifo
praqtikis analizma aCvena. Tumca, religiuri umciresobebis
mwvave problemebi ganpirobebulia ara normatiuli aqtebiT,
aramed am aqtebis diskriminaciuli aRsrulebis wesiT. es ikve-
Teba sxvadasxva sferos sajaro moxeleebis qcevaSi mSeneblo-
bis nebarTvebis gacema, sisxlissamarTlebrivi da administra-
ciulsamarTlebrivi marTlmsajulebis aRsruleba religiuri
SeuwynareblobiT motivirebul danaSaulebsa Tu sabWoTa kav-
Siris dros CamorTmeul sakuTrebaze, gansakuTrebiT, sakul-
to nagebobebze uflebebis aRdgena.
mediaSi gamoqveynebuli sajaro gancxadebebis mimoxilvidan
Cans, rom religiasa da religiur instanciebTan ama Tu im
saxiT dakavSirebuli mniSvnelovani movlenebis komentirebi-
sas, politikosebi, saxelmwifo da sajaro moxeleebi, zogjer
ar icaven religiuri neitralurobis princips da situacias
afaseben mikerZoebulad, piradi religiuri poziciidan an
meinstrimuli religiuri koniunqturidan gamomdinare.
kvlevaSi gamoikveTa, rom sajaro moxeleebi umravlesobis
dakveTiT religiuri umciresobebisadmi xSirad diskrimina-
ciul politikas axorcieleben. es religiuri gaerTianebebis
uflebebis uxeS darRvevasa da saqarTvelos samociqulo av-
tokefaluri marTlmadidebeli eklesiis mimarT preferen-
114

ciul mopyrobaSi vlindeba. Sesabamisad, religiur gaerTia-
nebebs ar eZlevaT saSualeba saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT
garantirebuli uflebebiT Tanabrad isargeblon. aRniSnuli
mdgomareoba saqarTvelos xelisuflebis yvela Stos, da gan-
sakuTrebiT prokuraturasa da sasamarTlos gamowvevis winaSe
ayenebs. am struqturebma religiuri umciresobebis interese-
bze msjelobisas yuradReba unda gaamaxvilon sajaro moxele-
Ta da yvela sxva piris SesaZlo religiuri Seuwynareblobis
motivze, mkacri kontroli gauwion da efeqturad aRkveTon
religiuri Seuwynareblobis niSniT Cadenili samarTaldarR-
vevebi gansakuTrebiT, aRniSnuli motiviT uflebamosilebis
borotad gamoyenebis an gadametebis faqtebi. es aucilebeli
nabijia saqarTvelos sekularuli ganviTarebis, tolerantu-
li garemos damkvidrebisa da religiuri gaerTianebebisTvis
Tanasworobis uzrunvelyofis gzaze.