3Malaysian ringgit

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

"MYR" redirects here. For other uses, see MYR (disambiguation).
"Ringgit" redirects here. For other uses, see Ringgit (disambiguation).
Malaysian ringgit
Ringgit Malaysia (Malay)
he Malaysian ringgit third series coinage and fourth
series banknote designs announced in !"## by $ank
%egara Malaysia.
ISO 4217 code MYR
Central bank $ank %egara Malaysia
Website &&&.bnm.go'.my
User(s) Malaysia
Inflation #.()
*#+
,ource
Department of Statistics, Malaysia,
-ug !"#!
Subunit
#.#"" sen
Sybol RM (/ also used)
Coins 0, #", !", 0" sen
!anknotes
RM#, RM0, RM#", RM!", RM0",
RM#""
he Malaysian ringgit (plural1 ringgit2 currency code M"#2 formerly the Malaysian dollar) is the
currency of Malaysia. 3t is di'ided into #"" sen (cents). he ringgit is issued by the $ank %egara
Malaysia.
Contents
# 4tymology
! 5istory
6 7oinage
o 6.# First series (#89:)
o 6.! ,econd series (#8;8)
o 6.6 hird series (#9 <anuary !"#!)
( $anknotes
o (.# First series (#89:)
o (.! ,econd series (#8;!)
o (.6 hird series (#889)
o (.( Fourth series (!"#!)
o (.0 7ommemorati'es
0 =i>ang 4mas
9 %otes and references
: ,ee also
; 4?ternal links
$tyology
he &ord ringgit means ">agged" in Malay and &as originally used to refer to the serrated edges of sil'er
,panish dollars &hich circulated &idely in the area during the #9th and #:th century @ortuguese colonial
era. he ,ingapore dollar and the $runei dollar are also called ringgit in Malay (although currencies such
as the A.,. and -ustralian dollars are dolar), hence its official abbre'iation #M for Ringgit Malaysia.
he Malay names ringgit and sen &ere officially adopted as the sole official names in -ugust #8:0.
@re'iously they had been kno&n officially as dollars and cents in 4nglish and ringgit and sen in Malay,
and in some parts of the country this usage continues. 3n the northern states of @eninsular Malaysia,
denominations of #" sen are called kupang in Malay ("poat
;
" in 5okkien), e.g. 0" sen is 0 kupang ("0
poat
;
" in 5okkien).
%istory
Bn #! <une #89:, the Malaysian dollar, issued by the ne& central bank, $ank %egara Malaysia, replaced
the Malaya and $ritish $orneo dollar at par.
*!+
he ne& currency retained all denominations of its
predecessor e?cept the /#",""" denomination, and also brought o'er the colour schemes of the old dollar.
B'er the course of the follo&ing decades, minor changes &ere made on the notes and coins issued, from
the introduction of the M/# coin in #89:, to the demonetisation of RM0"" and RM#""" notes during the
#88"s.
he use of the dollar sign "/" (or "M/") &as not replaced by "RM" (Ringgit Malaysia) until around #88:,
though internationally "MYR" (MY being the country code for Malaysia) is more &idely used.
-s the Malaysian dollar replaced the Malaya and $ritish $orneo dollar at par, the ne& dollar &as
originally 'alued at ;.0: dollars per # $ritish pound sterling. 3n %o'ember #89:, fi'e months of the
introduction of the dollar, the pound &as de'alued by #(.6). he ne& currency &as not affected but
earlier notes of the Malaya and $ritish $orneo dollar &ere still pegged at ;.0: dollars per # pound2
conseCuently these notes &ere reduced in 'alue to ;0 cents per dollar.
Despite the emergence of ne& currencies in Malaysia, ,ingapore and $runei, the 3nterchangeability
-greement &hich the three countries adhered to as originally members of a currency union, meant the
Malaysian dollar &as e?changeable at par &ith the ,ingapore dollar and $runei dollar. his ended on ;
May #8:6, &hen the Malaysian go'ernment &ithdre& from the agreement.
*6+
he Monetary -uthority of
,ingapore and the $runei 7urrency and Monetary $oard still maintain the interchangeability of their t&o
currencies, as of !""8.
*6+
$et&een #880 and #88:, the ringgit &as trading as a free float currency at around !.0" to the A.,. dollar,
*(+*0+
before dipping to under 6.;" to the dollar by the end of #88:,
*0+
follo&ing the yearEs 4ast -sian
financial crisis. For the first half of #88;, the currency fluctuated bet&een 6.;" and (.(" to the dollar,
*9+

before $ank %egara Malaysia pegged the ringgit to the A, dollar in ,eptember #88;, maintaining its 6.;"
to the dollar 'alue for almost se'en years, &hile remaining floated against other currencies.
his section is outdated. @lease update this article to reflect recent e'ents or ne&ly a'ailable
information. (March 2014)
he ringgit lost 0") of its 'alue against the A, dollar bet&een #88: and #88;, and suffered general
depreciation against other currencies bet&een December !""# and <anuary !""0. -s of ( ,eptember
!"";, the ringgit has yet to regain its 'alue circa !""# against the ,ingapore dollar (,FD) (!.": to !.(" to
the MYR),
*:+
) the 4uro (4AR) (6.(" to (.8: to the MYR),
*;+
the -ustralian dollar (-AD) (#.8; to !.;" to
the MYR
*8+
), and the $ritish pound (F$@) (0.(! to 9.#" to the MYR
*#"+
).
,ingle currency units in ringgit, a'eraged o'er the year.
1&&' 2((( 2((1 2((2 2((3 2((4 2((' 2(() 2((7 2((* 2((& 2(1(
2(11
(as of
3(
+ec)
Anited
,tates
dollar
!.0(#0 6.;""" 6.;""" 6.;""" 6.;""" 6.;""" 6.:;:! 6.9998 6.(609 6.66"; 6.0!(0 6."9(9 6.#:6"
4uro #.08!9 6.0";8 6.("!0 6.08!0 (.!888 (.:!9: (.:#(( (.9"!; (,:": (.;;0# (.8"(" (."80" (.#"00
$ritish
pound
6.8(0; 0.:9"! 0.(;"! 0.:"89 9.!##9 9.80## 9.;8!; 9.:06# 9.;:(; 9.69#8 0.0";# (.:0:0 (.8#0"
,ingap
ore
dollar
#.:80" !.!"6( !.#!"; !.#!!9 !.#;": !.!(;; !.!:9! !.6";! !.!;": !.60(! !.(!6: !.6;8: !.((#"
-ustrali
an
dollar
#.;;::
!.!"88
0
#.89(: !."99# !.(:;9 !.:88: !.;;:( !.:9!! !.;:89 !.;!68 !.:;!6 6.##:( 6.!!9;
<apanes
e yen
"."!(0
86
"."60!
0:
"."6#!
8#
"."6"6
80
"."6!;
6!
"."60#
0(
"."6(6
::
"."6#0
#:
"."!8#
8(
"."6!6
0#
"."6:9
8"
"."6:9
8"
"."("8
:6
7hinese
yuan
".6"(9 ".(08" ".(08# ".(0;8 ".(0;8 ".(08# ".(9!! ".(088 ".(0#8 ".(:8; ".0#08 ".(9(! ".0"6!
,ource1 ?Grates.com
Bn !# <uly !""0, $ank %egara announced the end of the peg to the A, dollar immediately after 7hinaEs
announcement of the end of the renminbi peg to the A.,. dollar.
*##+*#!+*#6+
-ccording to $ank %egara,
Malaysia allo&s the ringgit to operate in a managed float against se'eral ma>or currencies. his has
resulted in the 'alue of the ringgit rising closer to its percei'ed market 'alue, although $ank %egara has
inter'ened in financial markets to maintain stability in the trading le'el of the ringgit. his task is made
easier by the fact that the ringgit has remained nonGtradable
*#(+
outside of Malaysia since #88;, &hich
coincided &ith its pegging to the A.,. dollar, a restriction that &as not remo'ed &hen it &as deGpegged in
<uly !""0.
Follo&ing the end of the currency peg, the ringgit appreciated to as high as 6.#9 to the A.,. dollar in -pril
!"";. he ringgit had also en>oyed a period of appreciation against the 5ong =ong dollar (5=D) (from
".(8 to ".(( to the MYR)
*#0+
and the renminbi (7%Y) (".(9 to ".(0 to the MYR)
*#9+
as recently as May
!"";.
@olitical uncertainty follo&ing the countryEs !""; general election and the !""; @ermatang @auh byG
election, falling oil prices, and the lack of inter'ention by $ank %egara to increase already lo& interest
rates (&hich remained at 6.0) since -pril !""9)
*#:+
led to a slight fall of the ringgitEs 'alue against the A,
dollar bet&een May and <uly !"";, follo&ed by a sharper drop bet&een -ugust and ,eptember of the
same year. -s a result, the A, dollar appreciated significantly to close at 6.(6 to the MYR as of (
,eptember !"";,
*#;+
&hile other ma>or currencies, including the renminbi and 5ong =ong dollar, follo&
suit. he drop brings the ringgit to its &eakest since !( ,eptember !"":, and ranks it as the second &orst
performing ,outheast -sian currency bet&een <une !""; and ,eptember !"";.
*#:+
-s of 0 -ugust !"#!,
Malaysia Ringgit stands at A,D # H MYR 6.#:6".
Current M"# e,c-ange rates
From Foogle Finance1 -AD 7-D 75F 4AR F$@ 5=D <@Y A,D 3%R ,FD 7%Y
From YahooI Finance1 -AD 7-D 75F 4AR F$@ 5=D <@Y A,D 3%R ,FD 7%Y
From J4.com1 -AD 7-D 75F 4AR F$@ 5=D <@Y A,D 3%R ,FD 7%Y
From B-%D-.com1 -AD 7-D 75F 4AR F$@ 5=D <@Y A,D 3%R ,FD 7%Y
From f?top.com1 -AD 7-D 75F 4AR F$@ 5=D <@Y A,D 3%R ,FD 7%Y
Coinage
.irst series (1&)7)
he first series of sen coins &ere introduced in #89: in denominations of # sen, 0 sen, #" sen, !" sen, 0"
sen, follo&ed by the introduction of the # ringgit coin (&hich used the / symbol and is the largest coin in
the series) in #8:#. While 'aried by diameters, 'irtually all the coins &ere minted in nearGconsistent
ob'erse and re'erse designs, &ith the ob'erse depicting the then recently completed Malaysian 5ouses of
@arliament and the federal star and crescent moon from the canton of the Malaysian flag. -ll coins &ere
minted from cupronickel, the only e?ception being the # sen coin, &hich &as first composed from bronKe
bet&een #89: to #8:!, then in steel clad &ith copper from #8:6 on. he 0" sen coin is the only one in the
series to undergo a redesign, a minor #8:# modification on its edge to include "ank !egara Malaysia"
letterings. -ll coins ha'e the initials F7 on the re'erse, belo& the @arliament 5ouse. 3t stands for
Feoffrey 7olley, Malaysia first coin seriesE designer.
*#8+*"erification needed+
Minting of the first sen series ended in #8;8, &hen the second series &as introduced. he coins older
remain legal tender as of !"#6, but ha'e steadily declined in number and are seldom seen in circulation.
he /# coin has not been common in circulation since the introduction of the second series /# coins.
.irst series /10
Iage 1alue 2ec-nical 3araeters +escri3tion +ate of
Ob4erse #e4erse +iaeter Co3osition $dge #e4erse Ob4erse first issue
inting
# sen
#; mm
$ronKe
@lain
@arliament
5ouse and a
#6Gpointed star
and crescent
moon
,tate
title,
'alue,
year of
minting
#89:
#! <une
#89:
# sen
7opper clad
steel
#8:6 Ankno&n
0 sen #9 mm
7upronickel
Reeded
@arliament
5ouse and a
#6Gpointed star
and crescent
moon
,tate
title,
'alue,
year of
minting
#89:
#! <une
#89:
#" sen #8 mm
!" sen !6 mm
0" sen
!; mm
0" sen
Lettered
"ank
!egara
Malaysia"
in block
caps
#8:# Ankno&n
/# 66 mm
Lettered
"ank
!egara
Malaysia"
in block
caps
@arliament
5ouse and a
#(Gpointed star
and crescent
moon. he
crescent and
stars are
depicted in
thinner forms2
the crescent
itself is
significantly
larger and
situated in the
same position
as the
@arliament
5ouse.
#8:#
# May
#8:#
Second series (1&*&)
he second series of sen coins entered circulation in lateG#8;8, sporting completely redesigned obser'es
and re'erses, but predominantly retaining the design of edges, diameters and composition of the pre'ious
seriesE coins as of #8;8Mthe # ringgit coin an e?ception. 7hanges include the depiction of items of Malay
culture on the ob'erse, and the inclusion of a 5ibiscus rosaGsinensis (Malay1 unga Raya), the national
flo&er of Malaysia, on the upper half of the re'erse. he second series &as designed by Lo& Yee =heng.
3n addition to changes on its obser'e and re'erse, the siKe of the # ringgit coin &as also reduced from a
diameter of 66 mm to !( mm, and &as minted from an alloy of copper, Kinc and tin, as opposed to the
first seriesE cupronickel. he / symbol &as brought o'er to the ne& coin, but &as dropped in fa'or of
"R3%FF3" for coins minted from #886 on&ards. Bn : December !""0, the # ringgit coin &as
demonetised and &ithdra&n from circulation. his &as partly due to problems &ith standardisation (t&o
different 'ersions of the second series coin &ere minted) and forgery.
-s of # -pril !"";, a rounding mechanism of prices to the nearest 0 sen, applied to the total bill only, is in
force, &hich &as first announced in !"": by $ank %egara Malaysia, in an attempt to render the # sen coin
irrele'ant.
*!"+
3ndi'idual items and ser'ices can still be priced in multiples of # sen &ith the final totaled
rounded to the nearest 0 sen. For e?ample, purchasing t&o items priced RM(.;; and RM6.#(, totalling
RM;."!, &ould then be rounded to RM;."". 3f each item had been indi'idually rounded (to RM(.8" and
RM6.#0 respecti'ely) the incorrect total &ould ha'e been RM;."0. 3n practice, indi'idual items &ill
probably remain priced at soGcalled "price points" (or psychological pricing and oddGnumber pricing)
ending in 8; and 88 to ma?imiKe rounding gains for the 'endor, especially in the case of single item
purchases. 4?isting # sen coins in circulation remain legal tender for payments up to RM!."".
*!#+
Second series /20
Iage
1alue
2ec-nical 3araeters +escri3tion +ate of
Ob4erse #e4erse +iaeter Co3osition $dge #e4erse Ob4erse
first
inting
issue
# sen #; mm
$ronKe clad
steel
@lain Rebana ubi
$ank title,
'alue, year
of minting
#8;8
(
,eptember
#8;8
0 sen #9 mm
7upronickel
Reeded
Fasing
$ank title,
'alue, year
of minting
#8;8
(
,eptember
#8;8
#" sen #8 mm 7ongkak
!" sen !6 mm
Sirih and
kapur
container
0" sen !; mm
Lettered
"ank
!egara
Malaysia"
Wau
/#
!( mm
7opperGKincG
tin
Reeded
=eris &ith a
songket
background
$ank title,
"/#", year
#8;8
(
,eptember
#8;8
/#
$ank title,
"#
R3%FF3",
year of
minting
#886 Ankno&n
For table standards, see the coin specification table.
2-ird series (1) 5anuary 2(12)
he third series of coins &ere announced on !0 <uly !"##, first being issued as commemorati'e coins to
mark their release in early !"#!. he third series carry a theme named "Distincti'ely Malaysia" and are
inspired from motifs of flora and fauna dra&n from 'arious cultures in Malaysia to "reflect the di'ersity
and richness of MalaysiaEs national identity". he denominations issued are 0, #", !" and 0" cents. Bn !(
Bctober !"##, Deputy Finance Minister Datuk Donald Lim named @oogsan 7orporation of ,outh =orea
as the seriesE coin suppliers and the coins are minted at the $ank %egara Mint in ,hah -lam.
*!!+
-ccording to Lim, costs in producing the coins &ill be reduced by (8) due to the change in metal
composition. Bther changes in the series include the diameter, the colour on the !"G and 0"Gcent coins
(from sil'er to yello&) and a redesign on the ob'erse (featuring different motifs for each denomination),
fourteen dots symboliKing the thirteen states and the collecti'e Federal erritories, and fi'e horiKontal
lines indicating the fi'e principles of Rukunegara.
*!6+
he 0"Gcent coin is more distincti'e than the other denominations. he round shape of the coin has nine
indentations, forgoing the original "$-%= %4F-R- M-L-Y,3-" lettering. he ob'erse does not
feature the fi'e horiKontal lines, but instead a latent image security feature is placed o'er the coin, &here
lettering of the denomination "0"" and ",4%" can be seen &hen the coin is tilted slightly.
2-ird Series /30
Iage
1alue
2ec-nical 3araeters +escri3tion +ate of
Ob4erse #e4erse +iaeter Mass Co3osition $dge #e4erse Ob4erse
first
inting
issue
0 sen #:.:; mm #.:! g
,tainless steel
@lain
#( dots, fi'e
horiKontal
lines, sulur
kacang (pea
tendrils)
motif,
"destar siga"
cloth motif of
the =adaKanG
Dusun tribes
$ank
title,
'alue,
year of
minting,
the
national
flo&er
!"## #9
<anuary
!"#!
#" sen #;.;" mm !.8; g Milled
#( dots, fi'e
horiKontal
lines,
Wea'e
pattern of the
Mah Meri
people.
!" sen !".9" mm (.#; g %ickel $rass @lain #( dots, fi'e
horiKontal
lines, #unga
melur
(<asmine
flo&er) motif
on the
foreground
&ith a "destar
siga" motif
on the
background
0" sen !!.90 mm 0.99 g
%ickel $rass
clad 7opper
7oarse
#( dots, sulur
kacang (pea
tendrils)
motif and
fine lines
denoting
security
feature
For table standards, see the coin specification table.
!anknotes
.irst series (1&)7)
$ank %egara Malaysia first issued Malaysian dollar banknotes on 9 <une #89: in /#, /0, /#", /0" and
/#"" denominations.
*!(+
he /#""" denomination &as first issued on ! ,eptember #89;. he first
Malaysian banknotes carried the image of uanku -bdul Rahman, the first Yang diG@ertuan -gong of
Malaysia and bore the signature of un 3smail bin Mohamed -li, the first Malaysian Fo'ernor of $ank
%egara Malaysia. Bn #9 -ugust #8:!, $ank %egara Malaysia adopted official ne& spelling system of the
national language, $ahasa Malaysia, into the printing of its currency notes &hile retaining the designs.
he banknotes &ith ne& spellings are circulated alongside the old banknotes.
*!0+
.irst Series /40
Iage
1alue Main Colour
+escri3tion
+ate of issue
Ob4erse #e4erse Ob4erse #e4erse
/# $lue
uanku -bdul
Rahman
$ank %egara Logo, the $i%ang
&mas
<une #89:
/0 Freen
/#" Red
/0" $lue.grey
/#"" Niolet
/#""" purple.green
@arliament building in =uala
Lumpur
! ,eptember
#89;
Second series (1&*2)
he second series &as issued &ith Malaysian traditional ornamental designs in #8;!, in /#, /0, /#", /!",
/0", /#"", /0"", and /#""" denominations. he /!" &as generally relati'ely uncommon. Antil !"#" the
second series notes are still occasionally encountered.
he mark for the blind on the upper left hand corner &as remo'ed on the second re'ision in #8;0.
3n #888 the RM0"" and RM#""" notes &ere discontinued and ceased to be legal tender. his &as due
because of the -sian monetary crisis of #88: &hen huge amounts of ringgit &ere taken out of the country
to be traded in these notes. 3n effect the notes &ere &ithdra&n out of circulation and the amount of ringgit
taken out of the country in banknotes &as limited to RM#""".
3n #886, /# notes &ere discontinued and replaced by the /# coin.
Second Series (a)
Iage
1alue
Main
Colour
+escri3tion +ate of
issue
#eark
Ob4erse #e4erse Ob4erse #e4erse
/# $lue uanku -bdul
Rahman
he %ational Monument in =uala
Lumpur
#8;! &ith blind
mark.
/0 Freen
Former 3stana %egara in =uala
Lumpur
#8;!
/#" Red
Bld =uala Lumpur Rail&ay
,tation
#8;!
/!" $ro&n.&hite
$ank %egara Malaysia
headCuarters in =uala Lumpur
#8;!
/0" $lue.grey
%ational Museum in =uala
Lumpur
#8;!
/#"" Niolet
%ational MosCue in =uala
Lumpur
#8;!
/0"" Brange
Former ,upreme 7ourt building
in =uala Lumpur
#8;!
/#""" $lue.green
@arliament building in =uala
Lumpur
#8;!
Second Series (b)
Iage
1alue Main Colour
+escri3tion +ate of
issue Ob4erse #e4erse Ob4erse #e4erse
/# $lue
uanku -bdul
Rahman
he %ational Monument in =uala Lumpur #8;0
/0 Freen Former 3stana %egara in =uala Lumpur #8;0
/#" Red Bld =uala Lumpur Rail&ay ,tation #8;0
/!" $ro&n.&hite
$ank %egara Malaysia headCuarters in
=uala Lumpur
#8;0
/0" $lue.grey %ational Museum in =uala Lumpur #8;0
/#"" Niolet %ational MosCue in =uala Lumpur #8;0
/0"" Brange
Former ,upreme 7ourt building in =uala
Lumpur
#8;0
/#""" $lue.green @arliament building in =uala Lumpur #8;0
2-ird series (1&&))
he third series &as issued &ith designs in the spirit of Wa&asan !"!" in #889 in denominations of RM#,
RM!, RM0, RM#", RM0" and RM#"". he larger denomination RM0" and RM#"" notes had an
additional hologram strip to deter counterfeiters.
3n !""(, $ank %egara issued a ne& RM#" note &ith additional security features including the
holographic strip pre'iously only seen on the RM0" and RM#"" notes. - ne& RM0 polymer banknote
&ith a distincti'e transparent &indo& &as also issued. $oth ne& banknotes are almost identical to their
original third series designs. -ccording to $ank %egara, all paper notes &ill e'entually be phased out and
replaced by polymer notes.
2-ird Series
/2)0
Iage
1alue +iensions
Main
Colour
+escri3tion +ate of
issue
Status #eark
Ob4erse #e4erse Ob4erse #e4erse
RM#
#!" O
90 mm
$lue
uanku
-bdul
Rahman
Mount
=inabalu,
Mount Mulu
and "Wau
$ulan" kite
;
%o'ember
!"""
7irculation @aper
RM! #6" O
90 mm
Lilac Menara =uala
Lumpur
communications
to&er and the
M4-,-
0 February
#889
Withdra&n @aper
satellite
RM0
#60 O
90 mm
Freen
Multimedia
,uper 7orridor,
=L3- and
@etronas &in
o&ers
!:
,eptember
#888
Withdra&n @aper
!9
Bctober
!""(
7irculation
@olymer
($ia?iallyG
oriented
polypropylene)
RM#"
#(" O
90 mm
Red
@utra LR train,
Malaysia
-irlines $oeing
::: aircraft and
M3,7 ship
#" <anuary
#88;
Withdra&n
@aper (&ithout
holographic
strip)
0 <anuary
!""(
7irculation
@aper (&ith
holographic
strip)
RM0"
#(0 O
98 mm
$lue.grey
Mining,
@etronas oil
platform
!" <uly
#88;
7irculation
@aper (&ith
holographic
strip)
RM#""
#0" O
98 mm
Niolet
@roton car
production line
and engine
!9
Bctober
#88;
7irculation
@aper (&ith
holographic
strip)
.ourt- series (2(12)
3n early !"";, the $ank released a ne&ly designed RM0" banknote, &hich according to the $ank, &ere to
enter general circulation beginning 6" <anuary !"";. 4arlier, !",""" more such notes &ith special
packaging &ere distributed by the bank on !9 December !"":.
he ne&ly designed RM0" banknote retains the predominant colour of greenGblue, but is designed in a
ne& theme, dubbed the "%ational Mission", e?pressing the notion of Malaysia "*mo'ing+ the economy up
the 'alue chain", in accordance to MalaysiaEs economic transformation to higher 'alueGadded acti'ities in
agriculture, manufacturing and ser'ices sectors of the economy. he dominant intaglio portrait of the first
,eri @aduka $aginda Yang diG@ertuan -gong, uanku -bdul Rahman, is retained on the right and the
national flo&er, the hibiscus, is presented in the center on the ob'erse of the note. Design patterns from
songket &ea'ing, &hich are in the background and edges of the banknote, are featured to reflect the
traditional Malay te?tile handicraft and embroidery.
*!:+
he first 0" million pieces of the ne& RM0" banknote features MalaysiaEs first @rime Minister, unku
-bdul Rahman, at the historic declaration of MalayaEs independence, and the logo of the 0"th
-nni'ersary of 3ndependence on the re'erse.
*!:+
,ecurity features on the banknote include a &atermarked
portrait of the Yang diG@ertuan -gong, a security thread, micro letterings, fluorescent elements 'isible
only under ultra'iolet light, a multi coloured latent image &hich changes colour &hen 'ie&ed at different
angles, and a holographic stripe at the side of the note and an image that is 'isible only 'ia a moirP effect
to pre'ent counterfeiting using photocopiers.
*!:+
7irculation for the first edition of this ne& RM0"
banknote &as e'entually curtailed by the 7entral $ank due to the 'arious Malaysia banksE automatic teller
machines inability to accept it. he bank began to reGrelease the ne& series for general circulation
beginning #0 <uly !""8 &ithout the 0"th -nni'ersary logo. his edition include ne& enhanced security
features such as t&o color number fluorescents and security fibers.
*!;+
3n May !"##, $ank %egara Malaysia had announced that they &ill introduce a ne& series of banknotes in
order to replace the current design that has been in circulation for around #0 years. he most highlighted
part of the announcement is the reGintroduction of the RM!" note, &hich &as not included in the third
series.
*!8+
he design of the ne& notes &as announced on !# December !"##, and the notes are e?pected to
be put into circulation in the second half of !"#!. he ne& series banknotes are legal tender and &ill coG
circulate &ith the e?isting series. he e?isting series &ill be gradually phased out. -ll banknote
denominations in the ne& series &ill retain the portrait of the first ,eri @aduka $aginda Yang diG@ertuan
-gong, uanku -bdul Rahman ibni uanku Muhammad.
*6"+
he banknotes are supplied by 7rane -$ of
,&eden, Fiesecke Q De'rient Fmb5 of Fermany, Bberthur echnologies of France and Brell Fussli of
,&itKerland.
*!!+
hey &ere put into circulation on #9 <uly !"#!.
.ourt- Series
/310
Iage
1alue +iensions
Main
Colour
Substrate
+escri3tion +ate of
issue
#eark
Ob4erse #e4erse Ob4erse #e4erse
RM#
#!" O
90 mm
$lue
@olymer
uanku -bdul
Rahman &ith
the national
flo&er,
hibiscus, and
patterns of the
traditional
fabric G the
songket
Wau $ulan
#9 <uly
!"#!
*6!+
RM0
#60 O
90 mm
Freen
Rhinoceros
5ornbill
#9 <uly
!"#!
RM#"
#(" O
90 mm
Red
@aper
Rafflesia
#9 <uly
!"#!
RM!"
#(0 O
90 mm
Brange
5a&ksbill and
Leatherback
turtle
#9 <uly
!"#!
RM0"
#(0 O
98 mm
$lue
and
green
MalaysiaEs first
@rime Minister,
unku -bdul
Rahman @utra
-lG5a>, Bil
palm trees
#0 <uly
!""8
7irculating
notes
(,tarting
prefi? -F)
RM#""
#0" O
98 mm
@urple
Mount =inabalu
and pinnacles
rock formations
of Funung -pi
'alley
#9 <uly
!"#!
hese images are to scale at ".: pi?els per millimetre.
Coeorati4es
7ommemorati'es are also released in limited Cuantity. o commemorate the #88; 7ommon&ealth Fames
in =uala Lumpur, a commemorati'e RM0" polymer banknote &as issued. his note is hardly e'er seen in
normal usage, its use being a collectorEs commemorati'e. his note &as printed by %ote @rinting -ustralia
(%@-).
For the fourth series, customers are able to purchase them in three distinct sets2 a pair of RM# and RM0
banknotes, a set of RM!" banknotes, and the full set of RM#, RM0, RM#", RM!", RM0" and RM#""
banknotes. he RM0" banknote no longer carries the logo of the 0"th -nni'ersary of 3ndependence.
Coeorati4e
Iage
1alue +iensions
Main
Colour
+escri3tion +ate of
issue
#eark
Ob4erse #e4erse Ob4erse #e4erse
RM0"
#0! O
:9 mm
Yello&
and
green
uanku
-bdul
Rahman,
the skyline
of =uala
Lumpur
(&ith the
@etronas
&in
o&ers)
$ukit <alil ,ports
comple?
# <une
#88;
@olymer ($ia?iallyG
oriented
polypropylene)
RM0" #(0 O
98 mm
$lue
and
uanku
-bdul
MalaysiaEs first
@rime Minister,
!9
December
7ommemorati'e fourth
series no longer issued,
green
Rahman
&ith the
national
flo&er,
hibiscus
unku -bdul
Rahman @utra -lG
5a> and the logo of
the 0"th
-nni'ersary of
3ndependence. Bil
palm rees
!"":
identified &ith yello&
border at both sides
(from -- """"""# to
-- ""!""""). @refi?
-- ""!"""# until -4
is for normal
circulation.
hese images are to scale at ".: pi?els per millimetre.
6i7ang $as
Main article1 =i>ang 4mas
hree denominations of gold bullion coins, the "=i>ang 4mas" (the ki>ang, a species of deer, being part of
$ank %egara MalaysiaEs logo) are also issued, at the face 'alue of RM 0", RM #"" and RM !"",
&eighing R oK, S oK and # oK respecti'ely. 3t is minted by the Royal Mint of Malaysia and &as launched
on #: <uly !""# by $ank %egara Malaysia, making Malaysia the t&elfth country to issue its o&n gold
bullion coins. Like other bullion coins issued around the &orld, the =i>ang 4mas is primarily used as an
in'estment rather than dayGtoGday circulation. he purchase and reselling price of =i>ang 4mas is
determined by the pre'ailing international gold market price.
*66+
8otes and references
#. -ppro?imately 6") of goods are priceGcontrolled (!"#" est.) ('he (orld )act#ook)
-rchi'ed !( December !""8 at Web7ite
!. 3nternational 4conomics G 5istorial 4?change Rate Regime of -sian 7ountries
6. "he 7urrency 5istory of ,ingapore". Monetary -uthority of ,ingapore. !"":G"(G"8.
Retrie'ed !"";G":G"6. "Bfficial 7urrencies of he ,traits ,ettlements (#;!9G#868)2 7urrencies of
the $oard of 7ommissioners of 7urrency, Malaya (#868G#80#)2 7urrencies of the $oard of
7ommissioners of 7urrency, Malaya and $ritish $orneo (#80!G#80:)2 7urrencies of the
3ndependent Malaya (#80:G#896)2 Bn #! <une #89:, the currency union &hich had been operating
for !8 years came to an end, and the three participating countries, Malaysia, ,ingapore and $runei
each issued its o&n currency. he currencies of the 6 countries &ere interchangeable at par 'alue
under the 3nterchangeability -greement until ; May #8:6 &hen the Malaysian go'ernment
decided to terminate it. $runei and ,ingapore ho&e'er continue &ith the -greement until the
present day."
(. "Monthly -'erage Fraph (Malaysian Ringgit, -merican Dollar) #880". ?Grates.com.
Retrie'ed !"";G"#G"!.
*dead link+
0. "Monthly -'erage Fraph (Malaysian Ringgit, -merican Dollar) #88:". ?Grates.com.
Retrie'ed !"";G"#G"!.
*dead link+
9. "Monthly -'erage Fraph (Malaysian Ringgit, -merican Dollar) #88;". ?Grates.com.
Retrie'ed !"";G"#G"!.
*dead link+
:. ",ingapore Dollar to Malaysian Ringgit 4?change Rate". YahooI Finance. Retrie'ed !"";G
"8G"(.
;. "4uro to Malaysian Ringgit 4?change Rate". YahooI Finance. Retrie'ed !"";G"8G"(.
8. "-ustralian Dollar to Malaysian Ringgit 4?change Rate". YahooI Finance. Retrie'ed
!"";G"8G"(.
#". "$ritish @ound to Malaysian Ringgit 4?change Rate". YahooI Finance. Retrie'ed !"";G"8G
"(.
##. "!""9 3n'estment 7limate ,tatement GG Malaysia". A.,. ,tate Department. -rchi'ed from
the original on !"";G"#G"!. Retrie'ed !"";G"#G"6.
#!. "Malaysia1 4conomic and political situation (!""0)". A= rade Q 3n'estment. Retrie'ed
!"";G"#G"6.
*dead link+
#6. Lenard, Da'id M (!""0G":G!6). "$ei>ingEs Ehursday surpriseE". -sia imes Bnline.
Retrie'ed !"";G"#G"6.
#(. Ma>or currencies in the Fore? %DF market
#0. "5ong =ong Dollar to Malaysian Ringgit 4?change Rate". YahooI Finance. Retrie'ed
!"";G"0G":.
#9. "7hinese Yuan to Malaysian Ringgit 4?change Rate". YahooI Finance. Retrie'ed !"";G"0G
":.
#:. Yong, Da'id (!"";G"8G"(). "Malaysian Ringgit Will $e a EWashoutE, 3nstitute ,ays
(Apdate!)". $loomberg.com. Retrie'ed !"";G"8G"(.
#;. "Monthly -'erage Fraph (Malaysian Ringgit, -merican Dollar) !"";". ?Grates.com.
Retrie'ed !"";G"8G"(.
*dead link+
#8. "Malaysia #st series coin designer". lunaticg.blogspot. Retrie'ed #9 May !"#!.
!". "Doing a&ay &ith oneGsen coin payment". he ,tar. !"":G##G#(. Retrie'ed !"":G##G#(.
!#. "$%M Rounding Mechanism". $ank %egara Malaysia. Retrie'ed !"";G"(G";.
!!. Fiedroyc, Richard (!"##G#!G#(). "Malaysia %ames %e& 7urrency @roducers". Retrie'ed
!"#!G"#G":.
!6. $ank %egara Malaysia (!"##G":G!0). "3ssuance of 7ommemorati'e 7oins for MalaysiaEs
%e& hird 7oins ,eries". Retrie'ed !"##G#"G"(.
!(. LinKmayer, B&en (!"#!). "Malaysia". 'he anknote ook. ,an Francisco, 7-1
&&&.$anknote%e&s.com.
!0. $ank %egara Malaysia (!"":). "he Malaysian 7urrency 1 7irculation %otes G @ast
,eries". Retrie'ed !"#!G"#G":.
!9. $%M.go'.my -rchi'ed #: <anuary !"#" at Web7ite
!:. $ank %egara Malaysia (!"":G#!G!#). "$ank %egara Malaysia 3ssues %e& Design for
RM0" $anknote to 7ommemorate MalaysiaEs 0"th -nni'ersary of 3ndependence". Retrie'ed
!"#!G"#G":.
!;. "$ank %egara Malaysia 3ssues %e& Design RM0" $anknote". $ank %egara Malaysia.
!""8G":G#0.
!8. $ank %egara Malaysia (!"##G"0G!6). "$ank %egara Malaysia to 3ssue %e& ,eries of
$anknotes and 7oins". Retrie'ed !"##G##G!:.
6". $ank %egara Malaysia (!"##G#!G!#). "Launch of MalaysiaEs %e& 7urrency ,eries".
Retrie'ed !"##G#!G!!.
6#. $ank %egara Malaysia (!"##G#!G!#). "Distincti'ely Malaysia G he Fourth ,eries of
Malaysian $anknotes". Retrie'ed !"##G#!G!!.
6!. Malaysia ne& banknote family confirmed, to be issued #9 <uly !"#! $anknote%e&s.com.
#9 -pril !"#!. Retrie'ed on !"#6G"!G"(.
66. $ank %egara Malaysia (!"";G#!G!;). "he =i>ang 4mas Fold $ullion 7oins". Retrie'ed
!"#!G"#G":.
See also
4conomy of Malaysia
$,ternal links
$ank %egara Malaysia 7urrency page sho&ing security features of current banknotes issue (RM#,
RM!, RM0, RM#", RM0", and RM#"" denominations).
$ank %egara Malaysia Money Museum &ebsite pro'iding numismatic collection, history of
money in Malaysia, and galleries.
MYR 7urrency 7on'erter tool for con'erting Malaysian Ringgit to.from other ma>or currencies.
@receded by1
Malaya and !ritis- !orneo
dollar
#eason9 7urrency -greement
#atio9 at par, or 9" dollars H :
$ritish pounds
Currency of Malaysia
#89: T
,ucceeded by1
Current
/s-o:0
4
t
e
Malaysia to3ics
/s-o:0
4
t
e
Malaysian currency and coinage
/s-o:0
4
t
e
Currencies of ;sia
/s-o:0
4
t
e
Currency sybols (<)
/s-o:0
4
t
e
$conoy of Malaysia
7ategories1
7urrencies of -sia
7irculating currencies
7urrency symbols
7urrencies of Malaysia
#8:0 introductions
8a4igation enu
7reate account
Log in
-rticle
alk
Read
4dit
Nie& history
Main page
7ontents
Featured content
7urrent e'ents
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikimedia ,hop
Interaction
5elp
-bout Wikipedia
7ommunity portal
Recent changes
7ontact page
2ools
What links here
Related changes
Apload file
,pecial pages
@ermanent link
@age information
Wikidata item
7ite this page
=rint>e,3ort
7reate a book
Do&nload as @DF
@rintable 'ersion
?anguages
-frikaans
UVWXYZ[
\]^_`abc_d (e_`_fc]ghi_)
7atalj
keltina
Deutsch
4spamol
4speranto
nopqr
Fransais



$ahasa 3ndonesia
3taliano
tuvw
Lietu'ix
Magyar


$ahasa Melayu
%ederlands

%orsk bokmyl

@olski
@ortuguzs
Rom{n|
}abbcw~
`bcw . srpski
,uomi
,'enska


u wc
rkse
c`_bc_
ing Nit
Yorb

4dit links
his page &as last modified on !" -ugust !"#( at !#168.
e?t is a'ailable under the 7reati'e 7ommons -ttributionG,hare-like License2 additional terms
may apply. $y using this site, you agree to the erms of Ase and @ri'acy @olicy. Wikipedia is a
registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, 3nc., a nonGprofit organiKation.
@ri'acy policy
-bout Wikipedia
Disclaimers
7ontact Wikipedia
De'elopers
Mobile 'ie&

Bulletin, Global Edition

Global Edition
World
Markets
Energy
Science
Health
Nutrition
Travel
Weather
Encyclopedia
Culture
Echange !ates
"nterest !ates
#il $rices
M%! to "N! &Malaysian !inggit to "ndian !upee' Echange !ates(
Charts and historical data
,4@4M$4R 0, !"#(
?ast 1( :orking days
Search this
?ast 3( days
.riday@ Se3teber 't-9 - tiny gain brought the rate to #;.8;":;.
.riday@ ;ugust 2&t- A 2-ursday@ Se3teber 4t-9 he continued to decrease, reaching #;.8:96;
3ndian rupees to the Malaysian ringgit on hursday, ,eptember (th. his &as the lo&est reading in fi'e
&eeks.
2-ursday@ ;ugust 2*t-9 he 'alue of the 3ndian rupee against the Malaysian ringgit started to increase
again G the MYR.3%R e?change &ent do&n to #8.!"#9;.
Monday@ ;ugust 2't- A Bednesday@ ;ugust 27t-9 he e?change climbed for three trading days in a
ro&, reaching the #8.!#66! le'el on Wednesday, -ugust !:th.
2uesday@ ;ugust 1&t- A .riday@ ;ugust 22nd9 he do&n&ard trend continued for another four trading
days2 the currency pair lost ".#(8;!, decreasing from #8.!:96; to #8.#!909.
Monday@ ;ugust 1*t-9 he 3ndian rupee started to appreciate again against the Malaysian ringgit2 the
MYR.3%R e?change &as do&n "."#;89.
.riday@ ;ugust 1't-9 - surge of ".##698 brought the MYR.3%R Cuote to #8.!806(. his &as the peak
in eight months.
2-ursday@ ;ugust 14t-9 - ".""##0 loss brought the pair to #8.#;#90.
2uesday@ ;ugust 12t- A Bednesday@ ;ugust 13t-9 he Cuote rose from #8.###0# to #8.#;!;.
Monday@ ;ugust 11t-9 he Malaysian ringgit to 3ndian rupee e?change rate decreased slightly, to
#8.###0#.
.riday@ ;ugust *t-9 he MYR.3%R cross increased by "."!80:, to #8.#!#!9.
2-ursday@ ;ugust 7t-9 - sharp dropGoff brought the Cuote to the #8."8#98 le'el.
Bednesday@ ;ugust )t-9 - >ump brought the e?change rate to #8.!#!(8.
?ast 3)' days
;ll ;4ailable +ata
M"#>I8# $,c-ange rate A %istorical data9
)ate( Echange rate(
*+,-.+/.+0 ,12/1+31
*+,-.+/.+- ,12/3451
*+,-.+/.+5 ,12/134*
*+,-.+/.+* ,/2+035-
*+,-.+/.+, ,/2,0/+1
*+,-.+1.*/ ,/2,4*//
*+,-.+1.*1 ,/2*+,41
*+,-.+1.*3 ,/2*,55*
*+,-.+1.*4 ,/2,430*
*+,-.+1.*0 ,/2,-353
*+,-.+1.** ,/2,*404
*+,-.+1.*, ,/2,*1-0
*+,-.+1.*+ ,/2,4/*-
*+,-.+1.,/ ,/2*5-3*
*+,-.+1.,1 ,/2*3451
*+,-.+1.,0 ,/2*/05-
*+,-.+1.,- ,/2,1,40
*+,-.+1.,5 ,/2,1*1
*+,-.+1.,* ,/2,3*0,
*+,-.+1.,, ,/2,,,0,
*+,-.+1.+1 ,/2,*,*4
*+,-.+1.+3 ,/2+/,4/
*+,-.+1.+4 ,/2*,*-/
*+,-.+1.+0 ,/2+//44
*+,-.+1.+- ,/2+5+-,
*+,-.+1.+, ,/2+4-0
*+,-.+3.5, ,12/-*/5
*+,-.+3.5+ ,1211+,*
*+,-.+3.*/ ,12/0-/4
*+,-.+3.*1 ,12/+-**
*+,-.+3.*0 ,12/50,,
*+,-.+3.*- ,12/,-/4
*+,-.+3.*5 ,12/0404
*+,-.+3.** ,12/4041
*+,-.+3.*, ,/2++//5
*+,-.+3.,1 ,12/4-/5
*+,-.+3.,3 ,12/5*/0
*+,-.+3.,4 ,1215/03
*+,-.+3.,0 ,1215*,1
*+,-.+3.,- ,1213**4
*+,-.+3.,, ,121*/30
*+,-.+3.,+ ,12/+-,/
*+,-.+3.+/ ,121*333
*+,-.+3.+1 ,1210,5,
*+,-.+3.+3 ,121,44*
*+,-.+3.+- ,123-/53
*+,-.+3.+5 ,1244/0,
*+,-.+3.+* ,124+1+-
*+,-.+3.+, ,1235-50
*+,-.+4.5+ ,123-541
*+,-.+4.*3 ,123+/15
*+,-.+4.*4 ,124/+-5
*+,-.+4.*0 ,124-1--
*+,-.+4.*- ,123+134
*+,-.+4.*5 ,123,/0,
*+,-.+4.*+ ,124355
*+,-.+4.,/ ,1244*1/
*+,-.+4.,1 ,1240/-/
*+,-.+4.,3 ,1240*/1
*+,-.+4.,4 ,1240551
*+,-.+4.,5 ,12041*0
*+,-.+4.,* ,125/45/
*+,-.+4.,, ,12-000-
*+,-.+4.,+ ,12-4+15
*+,-.+4.+/ ,12-34*4
*+,-.+4.+4 ,12-*-*5
*+,-.+4.+0 ,1250**4
*+,-.+4.+- ,125,55-
*+,-.+4.+5 ,125/13-
*+,-.+4.+* ,125*---
*+,-.+0.5+ ,1253,5
*+,-.+0.*/ ,12500+/
*+,-.+0.*1 ,12*1*-,
*+,-.+0.*3 ,12*3110
*+,-.+0.*4 ,12*/,-*
*+,-.+0.*5 ,12**441
*+,-.+0.** ,12,//0
*+,-.+0.*, ,12*3354
*+,-.+0.*+ ,12*,0/
*+,-.+0.,/ ,12*,*53
*+,-.+0.,4 ,12*4+0*
*+,-.+0.,0 ,1253133
*+,-.+0.,- ,12-05-,
*+,-.+0.,5 ,12-,+31
*+,-.+0.,* ,120-+10
*+,-.+0.+/ ,120/***
*+,-.+0.+1 ,12--++-
*+,-.+0.+3 ,12-/035
*+,-.+0.+4 ,12-4115
*+,-.+0.+0 ,12-04*/
*+,-.+0.+* ,12-405
*+,-.+-.5+ ,12-054
*+,-.+-.*/ ,120-+/-
*+,-.+-.*1 ,1200+-3
*+,-.+-.*0 ,12001-0
*+,-.+-.*- ,12415-/
*+,-.+-.*5 ,123,*50
*+,-.+-.** ,124+4,4
*+,-.+-.,3 ,1245,55
*+,-.+-.,4 ,124,-,1
*+,-.+-.,0 ,120435*
*+,-.+-.,- ,120,,/1
*+,-.+-.,, ,120/++,
*+,-.+-.,+ ,124-3*,
*+,-.+-.+/ ,1245*,*
*+,-.+-.+1 ,12003
*+,-.+-.+3 ,12-,1-
*+,-.+-.+- ,1250,0-
*+,-.+-.+5 ,125*-+1
*+,-.+-.+* ,12*3/41
*+,-.+-.+, ,1254+30
*+,-.+5.5, ,1254+00
*+,-.+5.*1 ,12-1550
*+,-.+5.*3 ,125-+1
*+,-.+5.*4 ,12*,3*1
*+,-.+5.*0 ,12*1001
*+,-.+5.*- ,12-,-+0
*+,-.+5.*, ,12-,-30
*+,-.+5.*+ ,124+0/5
*+,-.+5.,/ ,1204345
*+,-.+5.,1 ,1244,/0
*+,-.+5.,3 ,123+--5
*+,-.+5.,- ,1240-11
*+,-.+5.,5 ,1241441
*+,-.+5.,* ,124+/**
*+,-.+5.,, ,1201,+*
*+,-.+5.,+ ,1205,,
*+,-.+5.+3 ,1230+-5
*+,-.+5.+4 ,123-+43
*+,-.+5.+0 ,12135-,
67S# "N M676%S"6N !"NGG"T &M%!' E8CH6NGE !6TES
$7N to M%! Echange !ates &$olish 9loty to Malaysian !inggit'
$olish 9loty to Malaysian !inggit historical echange rate data :ith charts
C6) to M%! Echange !ates &Canadian )ollar to Malaysian !inggit'
Canadian )ollar to Malaysian !inggit historical echange rate data :ith charts
CH; to M%! Echange !ates &S:iss ;ranc to Malaysian !inggit'
S:iss ;ranc to Malaysian !inggit historical echange rate data :ith charts
GB$ to M%! Echange !ates &British $ound to Malaysian !inggit'
British $ound to Malaysian !inggit historical echange rate data :ith charts
<S) to M%! Echange !ates &<S )ollar to Malaysian !inggit'
<S )ollar to Malaysian !inggit historical echange rate data :ith charts
)isclai=er( The content provided on this :eb site is >or in>or=ational purposes only2 This
in>or=ation should not be considered co=plete or up to date and is not intended to be used
in place o> a visit, consultation or advice o> a legal, =edical or any other pro>essional2
6dvertising
$,c-ange #ates Bidget
for "our Bebsite
Would like to sho& the daily M"#>I8# e?change rates on your &ebsite or blog
he &idget supports this and #,""" other currency pairs from around the &orldI
3tEs easy to install and it can be customiKed to achie'e any look you could think of. -nd itEs #"") freeI
67S# "N E8CH6NGE !6TES(
M8N "N! &Meican $eso to "ndian !upee'
7?7 "N! &7atvian 7ats to "ndian !upee'
7T7 "N! &7ithuanian 7itas to "ndian !upee'
@!W "N! &@orean Won to "ndian !upee'
A$% "N! &Aapanese %en to "ndian !upee'
")! "N! &"ndonesian !upiah to "ndian !upee'
H<; "N! &Hungarian ;orint to "ndian !upee'
H!@ "N! &Croatian @una to "ndian !upee'
H@) "N! &Hong @ong )ollar to "ndian !upee'
GB$ "N! &British $ound to "ndian !upee'
"nverse rates(
"N! to M%! Echange !ates &"ndian !upee to Malaysian !inggit'
B ,//,.*+,- The Titi Tudorancea Bulletin C Titi Tudorancea
D
is a !egistered Trade=ark C
Ter=s o> use
v