This document summarizes information about organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs). It discusses the structure of OLEDs, including using small molecules or polymers as the emissive layer. It also compares OLEDs to liquid crystal displays (LCDs), noting advantages of OLEDs like being self-luminous, thinner size, wide viewing angle, low power consumption, and greater color fidelity. Finally, it describes two types of OLED displays: passive matrix OLED displays that are low-cost but lower resolution, and active matrix OLED displays that have advantages like low voltage and power use, high resolution, and robust pixel design with integrated drivers.
This document summarizes information about organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs). It discusses the structure of OLEDs, including using small molecules or polymers as the emissive layer. It also compares OLEDs to liquid crystal displays (LCDs), noting advantages of OLEDs like being self-luminous, thinner size, wide viewing angle, low power consumption, and greater color fidelity. Finally, it describes two types of OLED displays: passive matrix OLED displays that are low-cost but lower resolution, and active matrix OLED displays that have advantages like low voltage and power use, high resolution, and robust pixel design with integrated drivers.
This document summarizes information about organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs). It discusses the structure of OLEDs, including using small molecules or polymers as the emissive layer. It also compares OLEDs to liquid crystal displays (LCDs), noting advantages of OLEDs like being self-luminous, thinner size, wide viewing angle, low power consumption, and greater color fidelity. Finally, it describes two types of OLED displays: passive matrix OLED displays that are low-cost but lower resolution, and active matrix OLED displays that have advantages like low voltage and power use, high resolution, and robust pixel design with integrated drivers.
This document summarizes information about organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs). It discusses the structure of OLEDs, including using small molecules or polymers as the emissive layer. It also compares OLEDs to liquid crystal displays (LCDs), noting advantages of OLEDs like being self-luminous, thinner size, wide viewing angle, low power consumption, and greater color fidelity. Finally, it describes two types of OLED displays: passive matrix OLED displays that are low-cost but lower resolution, and active matrix OLED displays that have advantages like low voltage and power use, high resolution, and robust pixel design with integrated drivers.
Spring 2004 11 May 2004 Junior Research Seminar: Nanoscale Patterning and Systems Teri W. Odom Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) www.micrelect.com Junior Research Seminar: Nanoscale Patterning and Systems Teri W. Odom OLED Structure Enhancement of the electroluminescent efficiency and control of color output Doping the emissive layer with a small amount of highly fluorescent molecules. Organic materials used in OLED devices Small molecules (vapor deposited) Polymers (spun-on) Junior Research Seminar: Nanoscale Patterning and Systems Teri W. Odom Organic Light Emitting Diodes (OLEDs) T. Marks (Northwestern), Nano. Lett. Junior Research Seminar: Nanoscale Patterning and Systems Teri W. Odom Liquid Crystal Displays (LCDs) B. Glass with polarizing film E. Glass with electrode F. Glass with polarizing film perp to (B) D. Liquid crystals C. ITO A. Mirror Junior Research Seminar: Nanoscale Patterning and Systems Teri W. Odom OLEDs vs. LCDs (I) OLEDs are self-luminous and do not require backlighting No bulky and environmentally undesirable Hg lamps A thinner, more compact display results Light-emitting layer is only a few microns; LCDs typically have 3-6 mm thickness. OLEDs have a wide viewing angle (up to 170 degrees) Shutter-like architecture of LCDs has backlight leakage, so contrast ratio degrades Color images of LCDs are illegible at 30 off the display center Low power consumption (2-10 V) Maximum efficiency Minimizes heat in electronic devices Color OLED panels exhibit 16.78 million colors (24-bit color) Camera-class LCDs are typically capable of 262,000 colors (18-bit color) Junior Research Seminar: Nanoscale Patterning and Systems Teri W. Odom OLEDs vs. LCDs (II) OLEDs offers greater color fidelity Chromaticity is stable and hue is nearly constant regardless of changes in luminance LCDs tend to shift in hue above and below the D65 standard calibration. Exhibit blueness in darker areas of an image, and redness in the brighter spots Active matrix OLED displays show much higher overall contrast compared to LCD panels Contrast ratio of more than 3,000:1 LCDs register less than 200:1 OLED displays consume less power Junior Research Seminar: Nanoscale Patterning and Systems Teri W. Odom Passive Matrix OLED display Low-cost and low-information-content applications e.g. Alphanumeric displays Array of OLED pixels connected by intersecting anode and cathode conductors. A rib structure is pre-formed on patterned ITO anode lines Advantage of this method is that all patterning steps use conventional lithography Application of a voltage to rows and columns results in electrical current through selected pixels Junior Research Seminar: Nanoscale Patterning and Systems Teri W. Odom Active Matrix OLED Display Advantages in active matrix OLED displays Low voltage and power consumption High resolution Large area Robust pixel design Integrated drivers An active matrix OLED has an integrated electronic backplane made from thin film transistors (TFTs) Each pixel addressed independently A defective pixel produces only a dark defect, which is considered to be much less objectionable than a bright point defect (such as in LCD panels), or a line defect Junior Research Seminar: Nanoscale Patterning and Systems Teri W. Odom Lab 8: Organic Light Emitting Diodes Preparation of Compound Measurement of Device http://www.mrsec.wisc.edu/EDETC/cineplex/oLED/index.html Junior Research Seminar: Nanoscale Patterning and Systems Teri W. Odom