NGUYN TC 1: Khc th b !

Nguyn tc ny nghe hi k qui phi khng cc bn? Ti cng xin ni r trc l

nguyn tc ny ch p dng khi cc bn vn dng kin thc m vn khng lm c,
hoc c th lm c nhng phi mt th gi suy ngh trong khi thi gian sp ht.
Gii thch:
Nguyn tc ny ni l khi xem xt cc p n t ngoi vo nu thy c 1 p n no
khc vi a s cn li th ta loi p n ngay.
Cch thc p dng:
Khi lm bi (nht l gp cc cu di, phc tp) ta hy xem xt ng thi mt lc 4
chn la, t ngoi vo trong, nu thy chn la no khc vi 3 ci kia th ta loi ngay ri
xt tip cc on tip theo nu c 1 chn la khc vi 2 ci kia th loi tip. Cui cng
ch cnn li 2 chn la th ta xem coi chng khc nhau ch no m xoy vo ch khc
nhau suy lun ng sai, nu khng suy lun c th chn i 1 trong 2
V d 1
A. She has to ____
B. She has to ____
C. She had to ____
D. She has to ____
Thy cu C khc 3 cu kia nn loi, sau xem tip:
A. She has to have it taken ____
B. She has to have it taken ____
C. She had to ____
D. She has to have it to take ____
Thy cu D khc 3 cu kia nn loi, sau xem tip 2 cu cn li khc nhau ch no
m i chiu vi cu tm ra cu ng.
V d 2
I / have / stay / uplate / lastnight / learn / lessons.
A. I had had to stay up late last night to learn my lessons.
B. I had to stay up late last night to learn my lessons.
C. I had to stayed up late last night to learn my lessons.
D. I have had to stay up late last night to learn my lessons.
Xem xt t ngoi vo ta thy A v D khc trong khi B, C ging nhau nn loi A, D
A. I had had to stay up late last night to learn my lessons.
B. I had to stay up late last night to learn my lessons.
C. I had to stayed up late last night to learn my lessons.
D. I have had to stay up late last night to learn my lessons.
Khi cn li B,C ta xt tip th loi cu C v sau had to m dng ng t them ed , cn
li p n l B .
V v 3
They / prefer / classical music /pop music.
A. They prefer classical music than pop music.
B. They prefer classical music to pop music.
C. They prefer to classical music than pop music.
D. They would prefer classical music than pop music.
Cu C v D khc nn loi, cn A v B th xt tip thy khc nhau ch TO v THAN ,
nu bit c cu trc : prefer i vi TO th ta chn cn nu khng bit th "m ba la"
chn i 1 trong 2 cu, xc xut 50-50
V nguyn tc ny khng phi lc no cng ng nn cn nhc li l ta ch nn p dng
nguyn tc ny trong 2 trng hp sau y :
Khng kp gi
Khng hiu g v cu
Khi xem xt cc p n t ngoi vo nu thy c 1 p n no khc vi a s cn li
th ta loi p n ngay.
NGUYN TC 2: C o ng th l... o ng!
Li mt ci tiu nghe kh hiu na phi khng cc bn? Nguyn tc ny dng khi
gp cu o ng.
ni l nu khi lm trc nghim bn gp trong 4 chn la c 2,3 cu g c o ng
th chc chn l p n s nm trong cc cu c o ng .
V d 1
Only if you promise to study hard ________ to tutor you.
A. will I agree
B. agree I
C. I agree
D. I will agree
Khng cn c , ta thy trong 4 chn la c 2 cu o ng l A v B, p dng
nguyn tc ny ta bit chc rng p n s nm trong 2 cu ny nhng B th la d dng
v o ng m em nguyn ng t ra nh vy l sai, cui cng ta chn A.
V d 2
__________ you, Id think twice about that decision. It could be a bad move.
A. If I had been
B. Were I
C. Should I be
D. If I am
Cng khng cn c , ta thy trong 4 chn la c 2 cu o ng l B v C, p dng
nguyn tc ny ta bit chc rng p n s nm trong 2 cu ny, lc ny mi nhn ln cu
, on sau thy c 'd l vit tt ca would ca cu iu kin loi 2 nn chn B ( were)
p n s nm trong cc phng n tr li c o ng.
Cch chn cu tr li
Chng ti gii thiu hai loi cu hi thng dng v cch tr li:
1. Hon chnh cu (Sentence completion)
thi a ra mt cu cha hon chnh, trong , mt hay mt vi phn c b trng.
Theo sau l p n, thng lit k 4 t hay cm t hoc mnh . Th sinh s chn trong
s nhng p n a ra, p n no l chnh xc hon tt cu hp vi c php v hp
l nht.
Th d: Hy chn t hoc cm t (A, B, C hoc D) thch hp nht cho khong trng
ca cu (Choose the word or phrase (A, B, C, or D) that best fits the blank space in the
sentence).
Last week, when John arrived at the airport, the plane __________.
A. took off.
B. had taken off.
C. will take off.
D. takes off.
p n ng l B. Ta dng th past perfect (qu kh hon thnh) y ch mt
hnh ng xy ra trc mt hnh ng khc trong qu kh. Tun trc, khi John n
phi trng th phi c ct cnh (hnh ng xy ra trc: phi c ct cnh - th qu kh
hon thnh; hnh ng sau: John n phi trng - th qu kh n).
tr li cu hi loi ny, ta cn ch :
Nu cc p n kh ngn, ta nn lic nhanh ton b c khi nim v
nhng thiu st ca cu. Ci "lic" ny thng c th gip ta phn nhm cu hi
thuc loi parallel structure, verb forms, word order...
Nu cc p n di v phc tp, ta hy bt u bng vic c c cu. Khng
nn phn tch tng t mt nhng khi c hy c hnh thnh din mo cu trc c
cu: C bao nhiu mnh trong cu? Mi mnh c ch ng v ng t
hay cha? c lin t kt ni cc mnh vi nhau? Cn phn no thiu st?...
Nu cha tm c p n ngay, c gng gii p bng phng php loi
tr, tc loi dn nhng p n khng hp l. l cc p n:
o Cn thiu nhng t hoc cm t thit yu khin cho cu cha hon
chnh.
o Bao gm nhng t hay cm t khng cn thit.
o Mt phn ca p n sai ng php khi in vo ton cu.
2. Nhn din sai st (Error identification)
Cu hi thng a ra 4 t hay cm t c gch di (underline). Th sinh s nhn
din trong s nhng p n a ra, p n no l sai, cn phi vit li cu c hon
chnh.
Th d: Hy chn t hoc cm t c gch di, cn phi iu chnh li cho ng
(Choose the underlined word or phrase (A, B, C, or D) that needs correcting).
In North American cultural(A), men do not kiss(B) men when meeting(C) each other.
They shake hands(D).
Vi cu ny, ta chn p n A v cutural l tnh t, trong khi v tr ny phi l danh
t: culture.
tr li cu hi loi ny, ta cn lu :
ng bao gi ch tp trung c nhng t hay cm t c gch di, bi v
nhng t hay cm t thng ch sai hoc khng hp l khi t vo ng cnh
ca ton cu.
Khng tr li cu hi cho n khi c ton b c cu.
Vi cu hi tng i d, th sinh c th tr li ngay tip tc qua cu khc. Nu
cha tm c im sai st ngay, hy c li ton cu v ln ny, hy ch n nhng
t, cm t c gch di. Thng thng, trong cch c hng ngy, chng ta c thi
quen lic nhanh qua cc "tiu t" nh mo t, gii t v nhng t ny khng cha thng
tin. Tuy nhin, trong bi thi trc nghim, y l nhng phn c th cha sai st nn ta cn
lu .
Nhng im cn lu khi lm bi thi trc nghim
Theo ng hng dn: c k cc hng dn v lm bi thi.
c ht ton b tng cu hi v tt c cc chn la ca p n trc khi
chn cu tr li.
Tr li tt c cc cu. Mi cu u c im, cho nn b cu no l mt im
cu . Vi nhng cu hi m ta khng bit cu tr li chnh xc th cc bn cng
phi nn on.
Chn cu tr li tt nht trong cc p n c cu hi a ra. C th bn
ngh rng cu tr li ng khng nm trong s nhng p n a ra, nhng bn b
gii hn l ch c chn la p n tt nht trong s p n cho m thi.
Khng nn ph thi gian cho mt cu hi no , hoc cha hiu r, hoc
qu kh. Nu cha tr li c ngay th nn b qua lm nhng cu k tip. Sau
, nu cn thi gian s lm tr li nhng cu b qua ni trn. Nh ghi s th
t ca cu b qua vo giy nhp d nhn din. Do khng b tr im nu th
sinh chn cu sai, nn trc khi ht gi thi, cc bn cn chn nhanh p n hp l
nht cho nhng cu cha tr li.
c cu no th tr li ngay cu y. Trnh cch lm bng vic tr li trc
trn giy nhp ton b bi thi ri sau mi t vo bn tr li, v i lc s rt cp
rp vo gi cht nn s t ln xn trn phiu tr li.
Phi nh du cu tr li theo ng hng dn v ng vi s th t ca
cu trn bn tr li: Dng bt ch en t kn trn tng ng vi ch ci chn
trn phiu tr li. Cn lu l phi t m v lp kn din tch c (khng dng
gch cho hay nh du). Chng hn, nu ta ang lm cu s 9 v chn C l
phng n ng th ta t en C trn dng s 9 ca phiu tr li:
Nn nh l khng t 2 cho cng mt cu v thi nm 2007 ch cho mt
phng n ng cho mt cu. Th d nh cu trn, nu chn v t en p n C
ri th khng t thm no na. Trong trng hp t nhm hay mun i
phng n tr li, th phi ty tht sch c v t kn mi c chn.
tit kim thi gian, cc bn nn tp t th cc trc nh. Thng
thng, cc th sinh hay gt sn nhng cy vit ch loi 2B (theo quy nh) nhn
hot, nn khi t vo mt nhiu thi gian. Nu ta t trc cho u nhn bt ch
hi t i th khi t trn rt nhanh. Cc bn c th tit kim c vi ba giy hoc
thm ch 5 - 7 giy cho mt cu, v nh th, c 10 cu ta c th c thm thi gian
lm c 1 hay 2 cu na. Nn nh khi i thi, thi gian l ti quan trng.
Vic dng cc ty cng cn lu . Th sinh nn dng cc ty ri m khng
s dng cc ty ca cy vit ch v ng tc quay cy vit ty cng lm mt th
gi. Tt nht l mt tay cm vit, mt tay cm cc ty. Nu tay phi vit th tay
tri cm cc ty (v ngc li) thy sai l ty ngay, tit kim c nhiu thi
gian.
Mt trong nhng chm ngn khi hc ting Anh m chng ta cn ghi nh l phi "Thc
hnh, thc hnh v thc hnh" (Practice, practice, and practice). phn luyn thi trc
nghim th cc bn nn tm cch lm thm tht nhiu bi thi trc nghim cng tt.
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