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GLOSSARY.
the vertical joints falling over ono another.
Heart bond is that bond which occurs
when two stones being placed in a longitudinal position extending tlie exact thickness
of the wall, another stone is put over the joints in the centre of the wall.
Bond Masonry. See
Bound Masonry.
Bond Stones. Those whose longest horizontal direction is placed in the thickness of the
work.
BoNEiNG, or BoNiN3. (Etym. doubtful.) The act of judging of, or making, a plane surface
or line by the eye. It is also
performed by joiners with two straight edges, by whicli
it is seen whether the work is out of windit?ff,
that is, whether the surface be plane or
twisted.
Booth. (British, Bwth.) A stall or standing in a fair or market. The term is also applied
to any temporary structure for shade and shelter, as also for wooden buildings for itinerant
players and pedlars.
Border. (Fr. Bord.) A piece of wood put round the upper edges of any thing, either
for use or ornament. Such are the three pieces of wood, to which the term is more
usually applied in architecture, which are mitred together round the slab of a chimney.
Boring. The art of perforating any solid. For wood, the various sorts of bits are
described under Bit.
Boss. (Fr.) A projecting mass or prominency of material, to be afterwards cut or carved.
It is placed at the intersection of the ribs in groined vaulting. The bosses in the later
mediaeval styles were beautifully carved with foliage and figures. See Orb.
Boss. Among bricklayers, a wooden vessel used by the labourers for the mortar used in
tiling. It has an iron hook, by which it hang.s on the laths or on the rounds of a
ladder.
BossAGE (Fr.) Projecting stones laid rough in building to be afterwards cut into mould-
ings or carved into ornaments. The term is also used to signify rustic work, which
seems to advance before the naked of a building, by reason of indentures or channels
left at the joints. The cavities or indentures at the joints are sometimes bevelled or
chamfered, and sometimes circular.
Boudoir. A French term used in England to designate a room in a large mansion
especially appropriated to the mistress of the house as her sitting-room.
Boulder Walls. Such as are built of round flints or pebbles laid in strong mortar. This
construction is used where there is a beach cast up by the sea, or where there is an abun-
dance of flints in the neighbourhood.
Boultine or Boltkl A name sometimes given by workmen to a convex moulding, such
as an ovolo. Sec I'owtel.
Bound or Bond Maso.nry. That wherein the stones of each succeeding course are laid
so that the joint which mounts and separates two stones always falls directly over the
middle of the stone below.
Bow. (Sax. Bu?;en.) The part of any building which projects from a straight wall. It
is sometimes circular and sometimes polygonal on the plan, or rather formed by two
exterior obtuse angles. Bows on polygonal plans .-iro called canUd boivs.
Bow. Among dr.aughtsmen, denotes a beam of wood or brass, with three long screws that
direct a latli of wood or steel to an arch. It is used in drawing flat arches of large
radius.
Bow Compasses. In.struments for describing small circles.
Bow Room. A room having a bow on one or more sides of it.
Bow Saw. One for cutting the thin edges of wood into curves.
Bow Window. A semicircular or polygonal projection from a building, and containing
a window. The supports are either carried up from the ground, or in tlie case of an
upper story, they are formed of projected suites of mouldings springing from a corbel.
They ai-e most frequently seen in the later mediapval and the Italian styles.
Bowlers or Bolders. See Pavement.
Bowtel or Boltel. The mediseval term far a plain moulding or shaft of a circular shape.
See Boultink.
Box. (Sax.) Generally, a case for holding anything.
Box FOR Mitering. a trough for cutting miters. It has three sides, and is open at the
ends, with cuts on the vertical sides at angles of forty-five degrees with them.
Box OF A Rib Saw. Two thin iron plates fixed to a handle, in one of which plates an
opening is made for the reception of a wedgo, by which it is fixed to the saw.
Box OF A Theatre. One of the subdivisions in the tiers round the circle.
Boxed Shutteks. See Boxings of a Window.
Boxings of a Window. The cases opposite each other on each side of a window, into
which the shutters are folded or fall back. The shutters of principal rooms are
usually
in two divisions or halves, each subdivided into others, so that they may be received
within the boxings. The subdivisions are seldom more in numlier than three, and are
so contrived that the subdivision whose fa(;e is visible, which is called the front shutter,